Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of pyrite particle size on the denitrification performance of autotrophic or split-mixotrophic bioreactors supported by pyrite/polycaprolactone.","authors":"Xihui Guo, Gang Peng, Lin Tan, Yan Zhang, Jing Wang, Weibo Wang, Shiyang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/wer.11040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) system, a polycaprolactone (PCL)-supported heterotrophic denitrification (PHD) system, and a pyrite+PCL-based split-mixotrophic denitrification (PPMD) system were constructed. The pyrite particle size was controlled in 1-3, 3-5, or 5-8 mm in both the PAD and PPMD systems to investigate the effect of pyrite particle size on the denitrification performance of autotrophic or split-mixotrophic bioreactors. It was found that the PAD system achieved the best denitrification efficiency with an average removal rate of 98.98% in the treatment of 1- to 3-mm particle size, whereas it was only 19.24% in the treatment of 5- to 8-mm particle size. At different phases of the whole experiment, the nitrate removal rates of both the PHD and PPMD systems remained stable at a high level (>94%). Compared with the PAD or PHD system, the PPMD system reduced the concentrations of sulfate and chemical oxygen demand in the final effluent efficiently. The interconnection network diagram explained the intrinsic metabolic pathways of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon in the three denitrification systems at different phases. In addition, the microbial community analysis showed that the PPMD system was beneficial for the enrichment of Firmicutes. Finally, the impact mechanism of pyrite particle size on the performance of the PPMD system was proposed. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The reduction of pyrite particle size was beneficial for improving the efficiency of the PAD process. The change in particle size had an effect on NO₂ ^--N accumulation in the PAD system. The accumulation of NH₄ ⁺-N in the PPMD system increased with the decrease in particle size. The reduction of pyrite particle size increased the production of SO₄ ^2- in the PAD and PPMD systems. The correlations among the effluent indicators of the PAD and PPMD systems could be well explained.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on efficiency and mechanism of ultrasonic controlling membrane fouling in ceramic membrane bioreactors.","authors":"Wenyi Ren, Shoubin Zhang, Yutian Liu, Weipeng Ju, Guicai Liu, Kang Xie","doi":"10.1002/wer.11032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, ceramic membranes have been increasingly used in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). However, membrane fouling was still the core issue restricting the large-scale engineering application of ceramic MBRs. As a novel and alternative technology, ultrasonic could be used to control membrane fouling. This research focused on the efficiency and mechanism of ultrasonic controlling membrane fouling in ceramic MBRs. The results showed that ultrasonic reduced the sludge concentration in MBR, and the average particle size of sludge was always in a high range. The sludge activity of the system was stable at 6-9 (mg O₂·(g MLSS·h)^-1), indicating that ultrasonic did not destroy the activity of microorganisms in the system. The extracellular polymer substance (EPS) of the ultrasonic group was slightly higher than that of the control group, while the soluble microbial product (SMP) content was relatively stable. The ceramic membrane of the ultrasonic group has a partial retention effect on the organic components. The application of ultrasonic slowed down the decrease of the hydrophilicity of the ceramic membrane. The main pollutants on the membrane surface exist in the form of aromatic and heteroaromatic rings, alkynes, and so forth. Ultrasonic removes the amide substances from the membrane surface. Membrane fouling resistance is mainly due to membrane pore blockage, accounting for 75.53%. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Enrich the research on the mechanism of ultrasonic technology in membrane fouling control. The MBR can still operate normally with ultrasonic applied. The time for the ceramic membrane to reach the fouling end point is 2.4 times that without ultrasonic. The main cause of membrane fouling was pore blocking, accounting for 75.53%.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on microplastic contamination in marine Crustacea and Mollusca of Asia: Current scenario, concentration, characterization, polymeric risk assessment, and future Prospectives.","authors":"Mahima Doshi, Vasantkumar Rabari, Ashish Patel, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, Jigneshkumar Trivedi","doi":"10.1002/wer.11029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.11029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) pollution has wreaked havoc on biodiversity and food safety globally. The false ingestion of MPs causes harmful effects on organisms, resulting in a decline in biodiversity. The present review comprehended the current knowledge of MP contamination in Crustacea and Mollusca from 75 peer-reviewed articles published in Asia between 2015 and 2023. A total of 79 species (27 Crustacea and 52 Mollusca) have been recorded to be contaminated with MPs. Out of the total 27 species of Crustacea, Metopograpsus quadridentatus (327.56 MPs/individual) and Balanus albicostatus (0.42 MPs/individual) showed the highest and lowest contamination, respectively. Out of the total 52 species of Mollusca, Dolabella auricularia (2325 MPs/individual) and Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus edulis (0.2 MPs/individual) showed the highest and lowest contamination, respectively. In terms of country-wise MP contamination, China has the highest number of contaminated species in both phylums among Asia. Findings of pollution indices revealed a very high risk of MP contamination in all the countries. Fiber was reported predominantly in both groups. Blue and black-colored MPs having <500 μm and <500 μm-1 mm size were found dominantly in Crustacea and Mollusca, respectively. Polypropylene was recorded as the dominant plastic polymer in both Crustacea and Mollusca. In essence, this review has provided a comprehensive insight into MP concentration in Crustacea and Mollusca of Asia, highlighting variations among species and geographic locations. This understanding is crucial for tackling urgent environmental challenges, safeguarding human health, and promoting global sustainability initiatives amid the escalating issue of plastic pollution. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Microplastic pollution has created havoc on biodiversity and food safety. A total of 27 and 52 species of crustaceans and Mollusca have been recorded to be contaminated with MPs. Metopograpsus quadridentate and Dolabella auricularia have shown higher MPs contamination. Polypropylene was recorded as the dominant plastic polymer in both crustacean and Mollusca. Findings of pollution indices revealed a very high risk of MP contamination in all the countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly effective ultrafiltration membranes based on plastic waste for dye removal from water.","authors":"Eman S Mansor, Heba Abdallah, A M Shaban","doi":"10.1002/wer.11018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Applicable and low-cost ultrafiltration membranes based on waste polystyrene (WPS) blend and poly vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were effectively cast on nonwoven support using phase inversion method. Analysis was done into how the WPS ratio affected the morphology and antifouling performance of the fabricated membranes. Cross flow filtration of pure water and various types of polluted aqueous solutions as the feed was used to assess the performance of the membranes. The morphology analysis shows that the WPS/PVDF membrane layer has completely changed from a spongy structure to a finger-like structure. In addition, the modified membrane with 50% WPS demonstrated that the trade-off between selectivity and permeability is met by a significant improvement in the rejection of the membrane with a reduction in permeate flux due to the addition of PVDF. With a water permeability of 50 LMH and 44 LMH, respectively, the optimized WPS-PVDF membrane with 50% WPS could reject 81% and 74% of Congo red dye (CR) and methylene blue dye (MB), respectively. The flux recovery ratio (FRR) reached to 88.2% by increasing PVDF concentration with 50% wt. Also, this membrane has the lowest irreversible fouling (Rir) value of 11.7% and lowest reversible fouling (Rr) value of 27.9%. The percent of cleaning efficiency reach to 71%, 90%, and 85% after eight cycles of humic acid (HA), CR, and MB filtration, respectively, for the modified PS-PVDF (50%-50%). However, higher PVDF values cause the membrane's pores to become clogged, increase the irreversible fouling, and decrease the cleaning efficiency. In addition to providing promising filtration results, the modified membrane is inexpensive because it was made from waste polystyrene, and as a result, it could be scaled up to treat colored wastewater produced by textile industries. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Recycling of plastic waste as an UF membrane for water/wastewater treatment was successfully prepared and investigated. Mechanical properties showed reasonable response with adding PVDF. The modified membrane with 50% PS demonstrated that the trade-off between selectivity and permeability is met by a significant improvement in the rejection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on pollutant accumulation and associated microbial communities in the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris (Linnaeus, 1759) from the sub-Arctic Pasvik River (Norway).","authors":"Angelina Lo Giudice, Maria Papale, Carmen Rizzo, Stefania Giannarelli, Gabriella Caruso, Paul Eric Aspholm, Giovanna Maimone, Maurizio Azzaro","doi":"10.1002/wer.11039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This explorative study was aimed at first characterizing the sponge Spongilla lacustris (Linnaeus, 1759) from the sub-Arctic Pasvik River (Northern Fennoscandia), in terms of associated microbial communities and pollutant accumulation. Persistent organic pollutants were determined in sponge mesohyl tissues, along with the estimation of the microbial enzymatic activity rates, prokaryotic abundance and morphometric traits, and the analysis of the taxonomic bacterial diversity by next-generation sequencing techniques. The main bacterial groups associated with S. lacustris were Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, followed by Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria. The structure of the S. lacustris-associated bacterial communities was in sharp contrast to those of the bacterioplankton, being statistically close to those found in sediments. Dieldrin was measured at higher concentrations in the sponge tissues (3.1 ± 0.4 ng/g) compared to sediment of the same site (0.04 ± 0.03 ng/g). Some taxonomic groups were possibly related to the occurrence of certain contaminants, as was the case of Patescibacteria and dieldrin. Obtained results substantially contribute to the still scarce knowledge of bacterial community diversity, activities, and ecology in freshwater sponges. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Microbial community associated with Spongilla lacustris is probably shaped by the occurrence of certain contaminants, mainly dieldrin and heavy metals. A higher accumulation of dieldrin in the sponge mesohyl tissues than in sediment was determined. S. lacustris is suggested as sponge species to be used as a sentinel of pesticide pollution in the Pasvik River. S. lacustris, living in tight contact with soft substrates, harbored communities more similar to sediment than water communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial difference on nitrogen removal in the water based on different resolutions for Sanhuanpao wetland, Northeast China.","authors":"Xiao-Dong Wang, Jin-Feng Ma, Hao-Rui Jiang, Yu An, Mei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/wer.11034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The research on the deviations caused by different resolutions is relevant to the study of spatial scale effects. In 2018, spatial interpolations were performed using the removal ratios of the TN, NH₄-N, and NO₃-N of the layers of different resolutions, respectively. Based on the mean and the standard deviation, the area, shape, and position were obtained for four levels related to the removal ratios of the three nitrogen forms. The linear and 6th function fitting methods were used to reveal the differences in nitrogen removal in wetland water at different spatial resolutions. The results showed that a resolution of 25 times the original was the key scale of the spatial effects. Due to the fact that 52 of the 72 functions did not reach a significant level (P < 0.05), the spatial scale effect of the nitrogen removal was mainly characterized by disorderly fluctuations. The results have a certain extrapolation value for the analysis of spatial scale effects. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The resolution difference was not sufficient to change the spatial pattern of the geographic phenomena. The resolution of 25 times the original was the important scale for determining spatial effects. When studying the spatial scale effects caused by differences in resolution, it was necessary to comprehensively consider various resolutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deciphering of microplastics-derived fluorescent dissolved organic matter in urban lakes, canals, and rivers using parallel factor analysis modeling and mimic experiment.","authors":"Md Anamul Hassan, Mashura Shammi, Shafi M Tareq","doi":"10.1002/wer.11041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study is to investigate the leaching of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) from microplastics. In addition, this study identifies the connection between fDOM and microplastics in the aquatic environment. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix identified five fluorophores, that is, peak A, M, T, T_uv, and W_uv, and the parallel factor analysis modeling identified five components, that is, tryptophan-like, p-hydroxy acetophenone, humic acid (C-like), detergent-like, and fulvic acid (M-like) in the urban surface water. Mimic experiments using commonly used synthetic plastic (like microplastics) in Mili-Q water under solar radiation and dark environments demonstrate the release of fDOM from plastic. Two fluorophore peaks were observed at Ex/Em = 250/302 nm and Ex/Em = 260/333 nm for the expanded polystyrene plastic polymer and one fluorophore peak at Ex/Em = 260/333 nm for the low-density polyethylene. Fluorophore and component intensity exhibited notable associations with microplastics in the aquatic environment. These findings indicated that the characteristics and dynamics of fDOM in urban surface water are influenced by microplastics. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Fluorescent dissolved organic matters were identified in urban surface waters. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) had shown two fluorophores at Em/Ex = 250/302 and Em/Ex = 260/333. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) had one fluorophore at Em/Ex = 260/333. Fluorophore and component intensity in the aquatic settings exhibited associations with microplastics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollutant transport model with large time-scale and estimation of land-use export coefficients at a watershed level.","authors":"Min Yang, Zemin Yang","doi":"10.1002/wer.11031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pollutant transport equilibrium in a watershed can be analyzed on a large time scale, and land-use export coefficients can be calculated directly under certain hydrologic and transport conditions, by ignoring hydrologic and transport processes at small space and time scales on hydrologic response units. In this study, the water environment system of a watershed was deconstructed into three parts (source, source-sink, and runoff transport) to construct a pollutant transportation equilibrium model on a large time scale. A watershed with an annual source-sink accumulation of zero was defined as a completely transported watershed; therefore, we derived a completely transported equilibrium equation. The problem of seeking the land export coefficient was converted into a problem of seeking the optimal solution of linear programming, which can be estimated according to the variation in pollutant output processes. The feasibility of the solution can be analyzed using multi-year stochastic rainfall processes. The model was used to analyze the transport equilibrium of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) upstream of the monitored cross-sections in a watershed, which covered 3145.66 km². The land export coefficients were calculated according to the model. The model calculations indicated that the watershed was completely transported during perennial years. The calculated export coefficients of COD, TN, and TP for farmland, primary vegetation, and urban land were within the range of general empirical values. The calculated maximum accumulations of COD, TN, and TP were 0.19 × 10⁷, 0.063 × 10⁷, and 0.049 × 10⁶ kg, respectively, for perennial rainfall. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A completely transported watershed was defined, and a model of pollutant transportation equilibrium with large time-scale was constructed. A problem of seeking the optimal solution of a linear programming was designed to estimate the land export coefficient of COD, TN, and TP. The runoff transport and accumulation processes of COD, TN, and TP in a watershed was analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide-activated mesoporous date palm fronds carbon integrated with MnO₂/polyaniline for highly efficient capacitive deionization of water.","authors":"Humair Hussain, Asim Jilani, Numan Salah, Adnan Memić, Mohammad Omaish Ansari, Ahmed Alshahrie","doi":"10.1002/wer.11038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The continuous population growth and drying up the freshwater reservoirs around the world are increasing the demand for fresh water. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore newer technologies able to purify water on large scales for human usage. Capacitive deionization is one of the most promising approaches to generate fresh water by the removal of salt ions from brackish water. In this work, we prepared three different capacitive deionization electrodes using carbonized palm tree fronds (PFC). These PFC activation was achieved using CO₂ at 900°C. To generate the deionization electrodes, PFC activated carbon was combined with either polyaniline (PANI), MnO₂, or both (PFC-PANI, PFC-MnO₂, and PFC-MnO₂-PANI). The MnO₂ and PANI provided additional functionality and enhanced electrical conductivity, which resulted in much higher Na⁺ and Cl^- ions adsorption. The BET surface area of PFC-MnO₂-PANI was estimated to be 208.56 m²/g, which is approximately three times that of PCF-PANI and PFC-MnO₂ alone. The morphological analysis showed that the PANI and MnO₂ nanorods were well dispersed throughout the PFC network. Although PANI and MnO₂ is largely embedded inside the PFC network, some remnants are visible on the surface of the electrodes. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves showed capacitive behavior of all electrodes in which PFC-MnO₂-PANI showed highest specific capacitance of 84 F/g, while the PFC-MnO₂ and PFC-PANI showed 42 and 43 F/g, respectively. Owing to its enhanced functionality and CV characteristics, the PFC-MnO₂-PANI showed maximum salt adsorption capacity of 10.5 mg/g in contrast to 3.72 and 5.64 mg/g for PFC-MnO₂ and PFC-PANI, respectively. Moreover, the measured contact angle for PFC-MnO₂-PANI was ~51°, which indicates the hydrophilic nature of electrode that improved ions adsorption. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Date tree fronds were converted into mesopores carbon using CO₂ as activation agent. Three composites were prepared with PANI, MnO₂, and date palm fronds activated carbon (PFC-MnO₂, PFC-MnO₂-PANI, and PFC-PANI). Surface area, pore profile, surface morphology, electrochemical behavior, desalination performance, and hydrophilicity of all the electrodes were investigated. The PFC-MnO₂-PANI showed maximum salt adsorption capacity of 10.5 mg/g in contrast to 3.72 and 5.64 mg/g for PFC-MnO₂ and PFC-PANI, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-dimensional parametric study for enhancing Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis membrane performance suited for desalination of low salinity feeds.","authors":"Utpal G Thummar, Govind Amaliar, Bhaumik Sutariya, Puyam S Singh","doi":"10.1002/wer.11028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.11028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reverse osmosis (RO) effectively provides clean drinking water. Different RO membrane types are tailored to treat saline water feeds with varying characteristics. In the context of low brackish water feeds, the objective is to remove only a minimal excess of salinity through the membrane. Our study introduces a method of membrane post-treatments capable of achieving controlled salt rejection while concurrently enhancing permeate flux, which is vital for achieving effective and energy-efficient desalination of low brackish water. The post-treatments were conducted on our in-house-developed membranes using aqueous solutions of N,N-Dimethylformamide and glycerol for different drying times at the coupon level. The process was scaled up at the module level, allowing us to assess its potential for commercial application. At the coupon level, the permeate flux increased significantly from 3.7 ± 0.9 to 10.6 ± 0.2 L/m²·h·bar, while the salt rejection decreased from 95.6 ± 1% to 70.5 ± 1% when measured with a feed of 2,000 ppm NaCl concentration. At the module level, we observed a higher flux of 12.8 L/m²·h·bar, alongside a salt rejection of 55.5% with a similar feed. Varying post-treatment parameters at the coupon level allowed us to attain the desired salt rejection and permeate flux values. Physical changes in both pristine and post-treated membranes, including polymer swelling, were observed without chemical alterations, enhancing our understanding of the post-treatment effect and its potential for broader commercial use. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Post-treatment of RO membranes enhances flux. Physical structuring through polymer swelling was observed with the chemical structure unaltered. Post-treatment of RO opens doors for broader energy-efficient desalination application.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}