Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Salinization Characteristics and Controlling Mechanisms of Coastal Groundwater in Tianjin, China.","authors":"Sheming Chen, Chaoguang Han, Hang Ning, Jia Xu, Zhuo Zhang, Futian Liu, Wanjun Jiang, Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1002/wer.70607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal groundwater systems are highly susceptible to seawater intrusion and salinization. However, complex depositional settings and multiple geochemical processes have made it difficult to understand the mechanism of groundwater salinization. To characterize coastal groundwater salinization and elucidate its controlling mechanisms in Tianjin, China, a total of 228 groundwater samples were collected. The degree of groundwater salinization and associated hydrochemical evolution was systematically investigated using the groundwater quality index for seawater intrusion (GQI_SWI) and some hydrochemical indicators and evolutionary diagrams. Hydrochemical analyses revealed an overall evolution from HCO₃-Ca type to Cl-Na type groundwater, with distinct salinization geochemical evolution pathways among different aquifers. The GQI_SWI assessment indicated that both shallow and deep groundwater in Tianjin are dominated by fresh and brackish waters, with only minor differences in the overall degree of salinization along the vertical profile. Salinization of shallow groundwater is mainly concentrated in coastal areas and generally decreases progressively from the coastline toward inland areas. In contrast, the spatial distribution of salinity in deep groundwater is characterized primarily by localized high-salinity anomalies, without the development of a continuous salinization zone. Groundwater salinization in Tianjin therefore cannot be attributed solely to modern seawater intrusion; rather, it is jointly controlled by modern coastal salt inputs, freshwater recharge, long-term water-rock interactions, and ion exchange. These findings provide new insights into the identification of seawater intrusion and the interpretation of salinization mechanisms in complex coastal groundwater systems and offer a scientific basis for groundwater resource protection and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, Modification, and Comprehensive Characterization of Lavender-Derived Activated Carbon for Adsorptive Removal of Pharmaceutical Pollutant.","authors":"Esra Kulaksiz Alayont, Derya Altintas, Kerem Hintoglu, Gokhan Acik, Yuksel Bayrak","doi":"10.1002/wer.70623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmaceutical contaminants in aquatic environments require sustainable and efficient treatment strategies, while biomass residues provide promising renewable precursors for adsorbent production. In this study, lavender residue generated after essential oil extraction was valorized as a precursor for porous activated carbon through ZnCl₂ impregnation followed by chemical activation under N₂ at 550°C, 650°C, and 750°C. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the progressive transformation of the lignocellulosic precursor into a porous carbonaceous structure, while nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis demonstrated that Lavender AC750 possessed the highest BET surface area (646.39 m²/g) and pore volume (0.239 cm³/g), with a developed micro/mesoporous structure. Consequently, Lavender AC750 was selected for adsorption studies. The experimentally determined point of zero charge (pH_pzc) was 4.33, and adsorption performance was influenced by solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial flutamide concentration, and temperature. Nonlinear equilibrium analysis showed that the Langmuir model provided the best fit (R² = 0.9164, RMSE = 1.540 mg/g), yielding a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 32.23 mg/g. Nonlinear kinetic analysis showed that the pseudo-first-order model satisfactorily described the adsorption kinetics (R² = 0.9435, RMSE = 0.545 mg/g), with a calculated equilibrium capacity (5.943 mg/g) close to the experimental value (5.83 mg/g). The combined results suggest that flutamide adsorption involves pore filling and surface adsorption accompanied by π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and pH-dependent electrostatic contributions. Overall, this study demonstrates a dual environmental benefit by valorizing lavender-processing residue into a functional porous adsorbent and providing a promising material for the removal of flutamide from aqueous systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Electron Acceptors Involved in Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation: Pathways, Electron Transfer Enhancement, and Microorganisms.","authors":"Yu Wang, Rui Tang, Guang Chen, Song Wang, Ying An, Bingjie Lin, Luman Jiang, Zhenhu Hu, Zhen Zhou","doi":"10.1002/wer.70622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global carbon emission agenda is driving the demand for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox)-based carbon-efficient nitrogen removal, which is closely dependent on different electron acceptors. Here, the recent advancements in Anammox electron acceptors were reviewed in terms of pathways, electron transfer enhancement, and microorganisms. The metabolic mechanisms mediated by six confirmed electron acceptors (NO₂ ^-, NO, Fe³⁺, SO₄ ^2-, MnO₂, and graphene oxide) and two candidate ones (CO₃ ^2-/HCO₃ ^-, and V⁵⁺) for Anammox were discussed with electron transfer pathways and functional genes/enzymes clarified. Two extracellular electron transfer enhancement methods, i.e., conductive material addition and voltage application, were outlined with reinforced nitrogen removal efficiency and optimal implementation conditions included. The key factors affecting different Anammox processes, i.e., organic matter, temperature, pH, and DO, were reviewed with favorable ranges summarized. The functional microbes involved in Anammox were discussed. Regarding the advancement in the Anammox electron acceptors, the relevant knowledge gaps for future investigations were proposed. This review helps better understand the Anammox mechanisms under different electron acceptor conditions and provides a theoretical basis for the development of highly efficient nitrogen removal techniques based on Anammox.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Occurrence and Vertical Distribution of Antibiotics and Microplastics across Multiple Environmental Media in Typical Subtropical Estuaries.","authors":"Xinyu Yang, Wenhui Lin, Yu Liu, Xinbo Zhang, Hui Shi, Yin Liu, Jiaxin Mo, Yuewen Zhao, Yasong Li","doi":"10.1002/wer.70574","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The land-sea interface is a key zone for contaminant transfer among surface water, sediments, the vadose zone, and groundwater, yet the co-occurrence of antibiotics and microplastics across these media remains poorly resolved. We investigated surface water, groundwater, sediment, and borehole-core samples from the Jiulong River Estuary and Dongxixi River Estuary, China. Antibiotic contamination was relatively more pronounced in the Jiulong River Estuary, whereas microplastic abundance, particularly in sediments, was higher in the Dongxixi River Estuary. In borehole XTZ02, both contaminants showed shallow subsurface enrichment within their overlapping depth range; microplastics > 300 μm occurred only in shallow intervals, consistent with size-selective subsurface redistribution. Total antibiotic concentrations were not significantly correlated with total microplastic abundance, and RDA identified no statistically significant overall environmental control. These findings highlight matrix-dependent contaminant behavior across the estuary-vadose zone-groundwater-sediment continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Role of Partial Denitrification in the Mainstream Single-Stage Partial Nitrification/Anammox Process: Experimental Evidence and Kinetic Modeling Insights.","authors":"Chi Zhang, Bingjie Shen, Xiaowen Ma, Yuchao Liu, Jun Wu","doi":"10.1002/wer.70621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of the single-stage partial nitrification/anammox (PN/A) process remains challenging under mainstream conditions. A continuous-flow single-stage PN/A reactor treating low-strength ammonium (NH₄ ⁺) wastewater without influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was investigated, and a modified kinetic model was developed to clarify the role of partial denitrification (PD) in the presence of influent COD. Long-term operation showed that oxygen control alone could not substantially improve reactor performance. At dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of 0.20, 0.10, and 0.15 mg O₂/L, the NH₄ ⁺ removal efficiency was 97.97%, 92.56%, and 97.63%, whereas the total nitrogen removal efficiency was only 78.77%, 62.79%, and 80.01%, respectively. Lowering oxygen supply reduced both ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and NOB activities, whereas increasing oxygen supply restored NH₄ ⁺ oxidation but again promoted nitrate (NO₃ ^-) accumulation. Model analysis indicated that a small amount of influent COD (60 mg COD/L) enhanced nitrogen removal and process stability under decreasing temperatures and influent NH₄ ⁺ fluctuations. This effect was mainly attributed to PD, which converted excess NO₃ ^- to nitrite (NO₂ ^-) and supplied an additional substrate for anammox bacteria (AMX). Meanwhile, heterotrophic growth increased oxygen consumption, lowered bulk DO levels, enhanced NOB suppression, and alleviated oxygen inhibition on AMX. A favorable influent COD/NH₄ ⁺ range of approximately 0.5-1.25 was identified under the simulated conditions, which suggests that PD can play an important role in stabilizing mainstream single-stage PN/A.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Industrial Pollutants in Wastewater: Occurrence, Environmental Fate, Toxicological Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Thi Thu Hang Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/wer.70614","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the accelerated industrialization, the emission of emerging pollutants has increased in aquatic systems, which poses a risk to the integrity of ecosystems, water security and human health. Examples include pharmaceuticals, PFAS, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), synthetic dyes, industrial solvents, microplastics, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and persistent organic pollutants (POPs), all of which are persistent, mobile, bioaccumulating, and have complex toxicity. Their industrial emissions, environmental presence, fate, and mechanism of toxicity are discussed in this review to microorganisms, aquatic organisms, wildlife, and humans. It represents a critical evaluation of the developments in high-resolution mass spectrometry, molecular methods and biosensors, chemometrics, and artificial intelligence for monitoring. The physical, chemical, biological, and hybrid treatment methods (adsorption, membrane filtration, advanced oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, bioremediation, microalgal systems, biochar, and nanotechnology) are discussed. There has been some progress, but gaps remain in the knowledge on environmental fate, environmental transformations, mixture effects, and long-term risk. Future research should be directed towards real-time monitoring and mechanistic toxicity evaluation, predictive modeling, integrated treatment, resource recovery, and sustainable environmental management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled Effects of Nanomaterial-Modified Anodes on Temperature, pH Stability, and COD Removal in Microbial Fuel Cells.","authors":"Mehmet Burak Bostan, Fikret Polat","doi":"10.1002/wer.70619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a very promising method for wastewater treatment along with energy generation. But one of their biggest factors that affect their functioning is the environmental conditions such as temperature and pH, which regulate microbial activity and electron transfer as well. This work dealt with the effects of nanomaterial-modified anodes and exposure to temperature change, pH fluctuations, and voltage production of the single-chamber MFCs treating real domestic wastewater. Nine MFC systems, with a control one and eight nanomaterial-coated anodes (CNT, Al₂O₃, TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, CeO₂, ZnO, activated carbon, and boron nitride), were run for 14 days under the same conditions. Modification to the MFC system with nanoparticles led to different temperature patterns of the MFC systems and the BN-modified system showed the highest temperature values. Temperature and voltage output showed a strong positive relationship, which was identified through correlation analysis (r ≈ 0.81), and on the other hand, a moderate negative relationship was reported between pH and voltage (r ≈ -0.41). These relationships represent statistical associations under the tested conditions and do not establish direct causation. The BN-modified system combined a comparatively small pH decrease with favorable voltage output during the 14-day operation. Overall, the results indicate that MFC performance was associated with the combined responses of temperature, pH, COD removal, and electrochemical output under the tested conditions. Among the tested materials, the BN-modified system showed the most favorable overall combination of these measured responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Banana Peel Biochar as a Green Adsorbent for Sustainable Abatement of Methylene Blue, Methyl Orange and Heavy Metals As(V) and Ni(II).","authors":"Tripti Kumari, Vaijayanthi Bhashyam, Sreeja Srivastava, Veenu Kumari, Geeta Saini","doi":"10.1002/wer.70608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination of water bodies by heavy metals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environmental challenge, necessitating the development of sustainable remediation strategies. Adsorption has emerged as a promising approach for wastewater treatment and biochar stands out as a low-cost, environment-friendly adsorbent. This study explores the potential of biochar made from banana peel (BPBC) for removing methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), As(V), and Ni(II) from their aqueous solutions using spectrophotometry. The biochar was produced by pyrolyzing dry banana peels at 400°C in a Muffle Furnace and was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. SEM images reveal surface roughness and pore development, indicating a heterogeneous and porous surface. BET analysis showed an increase in surface area and pore volume after pyrolysis, confirming mesoporosity. PZC for banana biochar surface was determined to be 5, which indicated that the biochar surface is positively charged at pH values below it. A maximum removal efficiency of 95.02% was observed for MB using 0.5 g of biochar in 30-min contact time with BPBC. Ni(II) and As(V) ions were removed with efficiencies of 81.86% and 54.80%, respectively, using 1 g of biochar. Adsorption kinetics data fit the pseudo-second order (PSO) model with R² values of 0.9958 and 0.9952 for 10 and 20 ppm MB solution, respectively. Adsorption data obeyed the Freundlich isotherm for MB, while As(V) adsorption on BPBC followed both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. pH studies revealed enhanced adsorption of MO under acidic conditions (at pH 2.9), while MB showed best performance at neutral pH. Regeneration studies of BPBC for the removal of MO under acidic conditions showed a decrease in removal efficiency from 79.18% to 29.2% after the fourth cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of the Microplastics Value Chain With Global Sustainability Goals.","authors":"Vildan Zülal Sönmez, Sena Sağlam","doi":"10.1002/wer.70625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics (MPs) are no longer only a waste-management issue. They have taken on a new dimension, beginning with production processes and continuing with their fate and consequences in the environment and have been shaped by public health. This study examined the interaction between the different stages of the MP value chain (production, distribution, consumption, waste and wastewater management, environment, and public health) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within a comprehensive and quantitative framework. Within this context, the expert opinion-based Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), involving 12 experts, and bibliometric findings obtained from the Scopus database were integrated. The bibliometric analysis included 17,518 publications published between 2020 and 2025. The AHP results showed that Climate Action (SDG-13) and Life Below Water (SDG-14) were absolutely dominant throughout the MP value chain, with weighted values of 0.343 and 0.348, respectively. In the production phase, Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG-12) was at a strategically focal point with a weighted value of 0.149. Bibliometric findings confirmed a 597.7% increase in the annual number of publications between 2020 and 2025. Based on the results of the bibliometric analyses, the literature focused largely on the effects of MPs on human health-Good Health and Well-Being (SDG-3 = 29.03%). This reflects an important science-policy gap in that research has focused mostly on possible ecological hazards arising from MPs, whereas policymakers have addressed structural drivers of pollution at source and control of the process. The results also showed that MP pollution must be addressed not only through \"end-of-pipe\" approaches but also through value chain-focused strategies, such as ecodesign and the circular economy. In this regard, the present study offers a comprehensive, data-driven, and applicable framework of decision support for MP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Stage Aluminum Electrocoagulation for Treating Real Wastewater From Rural Cassava Starch Mills.","authors":"Ana Salcedo-Díaz, Jairo Salcedo-Mendoza, Jorge Figueroa-Flórez","doi":"10.1002/wer.70631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the performance of monopolar electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum electrodes to treat real wastewater generated from cassava starch extraction, a stream characterized by high organic loads, elevated suspended solids, and complex organic matter that can challenge conventional biological treatments. The research was conducted at pilot scale at the La Victoria facility in Sucre, Colombia, between June 2024 and March 2025. A multifactorial experimental design comprising 18 trials was applied, with electric potential (0, 12, 15, and 18 V) and interelectrode distance (2 and 3 cm) as independent variables. The primary response variable was chemical oxygen demand (COD), complemented by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN). Among the discrete conditions evaluated, EC3-15 (3 cm, 15 V) provided the most favorable overall performance, achieving removals of 75.8% for COD, 76.0% for BOD₅, 57.4% for TSS, approximately 92.0% for turbidity, 72.8% for TP, and 62.7% for TN. EC3-15 was therefore identified as the best-performing condition within the experimental domain rather than as a mathematically optimized condition. At 15 V, the estimated specific energy consumption was 9.6 kWh/m³, substantially lower than the 17.5 kWh/m³ estimated at 18 V. Unlike studies relying on synthetic wastewater or high-energy, multistage reactors, this study shows that a single-stage EC process operated under moderate electrical conditions can provide an effective decentralized treatment option for highly concentrated agroindustrial effluents. Future work should address sludge valorization and integrate this EC unit as a primary treatment stage before biological polishing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"98 10","pages":"e70631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149228734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}