Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"A Hybrid Machine Learning and Stochastic Modeling Framework for Probabilistic Reliability Analysis of Kızılırmak River Water Quality.","authors":"Şennur Merve Yakut, Bilal Baran","doi":"10.1002/wer.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to enhance the efficiency of water usage intended for drinking or utility purposes, the determination of water quality has assumed greater significance. In this study, water samples were taken from a region of the Kızılırmak River over the course of 1 year and analyzed. A probabilistic water quality assessment was then made, taking uncertainties into account, using artificial neural networks (ANN) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) methods. The Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index method was employed. Analyses of dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, temperature, turbidity, chloride, and sulfate were conducted on samples collected between the years 2023 and 2024. The independent variables (temperature, sulfate, and chloride) were generated, and the dependent variables (pH, turbidity, and DO) were estimated with ANN. The R value and the root mean square error (RMSE) of ANN models are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model by assessing both the accuracy and the margin of error. The findings of the sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the parameters of DO, pH, and turbidity exerted a significant influence on the quality of water in the Kızılırmak River. A methodology was implemented in which three distinct ANN prediction models function collectively. The study yielded reliability levels corresponding to different WQI categories, namely 10% for \"excellent\" quality, 29% for \"good\" quality, 59% for \"poor\" quality, and 86% for \"very poor\" quality. This indicates that the ANN and MCS models are effective estimation tools for determining the water quality of the Kızılırmak River.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Aquaculture Wastewater by Utilizing Single and Symbiotic Systems of Microalgae-Based Technology and Strigolactone Induction.","authors":"Guojun Guo, Caiyuan Zhao, Wenyan Xu, Bei Lu, Yongjun Zhao, Zhengfang Wang","doi":"10.1002/wer.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the efficacy of two microalgae treatment systems (Chlorella vulgaris monoculture and a Chlorella vulgaris-S395-2-Clonostachys rosea symbiotic system) in treating aquaculture wastewater, under varying concentrations of synthetic strigolactone analog (GR24). By exposing the systems to four GR24 doses (0, 10^-11, 10^-9, and 10^-7 M), we examined the impact on biomass growth, photosynthesis, and wastewater treatment. Elevated GR24 concentrations bolstered metabolism and photosynthesis in the systems, fostering rapid symbiont growth and enhanced treatment efficiency. Notably, the coculture system outperformed the monoculture in terms of photosynthetic rate, daily biomass accumulation, and nutrient reduction in aquaculture wastewater (p < 0.05). Optimally, at 10^-9 M GR24, the symbiotic system achieved remarkable average removal rates of COD (78.54 ± 6.11%), TN (81.69 ± 7.02%), and TP (82.67 ± 7.58%) from aquaculture wastewater. Additionally, a comparative analysis revealed the system's exceptional capacity to reduce oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) levels, achieving a notable 98.72% removal rate. The outcomes significantly advance bioenhancement approaches and inform the design of efficient algal-bacterial-fungal symbiotic processes for treating antibiotic-contaminated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virus Log Reduction Values and Dominant Mechanisms in Full-Scale Secondary Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems.","authors":"Phillip Wang, Tyler Hill, Christina Morrison, Katherine Crank, Jacimaria Batista, Daniel Gerrity","doi":"10.1002/wer.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary biological wastewater treatment is a core component of potable reuse treatment trains, but it is often uncredited for virus attenuation. This study evaluated virus log reduction values (LRVs) at two full-scale water resource recovery facilities in Southern Nevada: one with conventional activated sludge and another with lagoon treatment. Four human enteric viruses and four fecal indicator viruses were quantified using molecular assays; culture assays quantified F-specific and somatic coliphages. Median LRVs were low (< 1.0) for plant viruses and generally higher (> 1.0) for adenovirus and crAssphage, consistent with predictions from a solids partitioning model. The fifth percentile LRVs that often drive regulatory determinations were < 0.5 for norovirus GI/GII. For conventional activated sludge, nucleic acid decay was a significant contributor to the molecular LRVs, whereas culturable coliphage data (median LRV = 2.5) highlighted solids attachment and subsequent physical removal as a dominant mechanism. In contrast, lagoon treatment sometimes achieved LRVs > 4.0 for culturable coliphages, primarily due to temperature-dependent inactivation. Based on the collective insight from recent studies, adoption of a broad virus LRV crediting framework for conventional activated sludge systems in potable reuse applications will require better alignment between molecular and culture methods and a deeper understanding of virus attenuation mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12446742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing a Spirulina-Based Adsorbent for the Treatment of Real-Time, Reactive Dye-Based Textile Industrial Wastewater by Electrocoagulation.","authors":"Durgadevi Selvaraj, M Arivazhagan","doi":"10.1002/wer.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The textile industry plays a central role in economic development; however, the discharge of wastewater with diverse dyes poses higher risks to both ecosystems and human health. This study investigated the treatment of real-time reactive dye-based textile industrial wastewater using a hybrid electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption (AD) process, with algal-derived activated carbon (AAC) as a novel adsorbent. AAC provides a sustainable and eco-friendly option for enhancing treatment efficiency, along with the EC process, compared with the stand-alone process. The present study focuses on finding out the optimal dosage of the adsorbent and time for the effective removal of COD and color. Maximum removal efficiency obtained for COD and color was 95.73% ± 1.91% and 58.70% ± 1.17%, respectively, with an optimal adsorbent dosage of 6 g/L and an optimum time of 50 min. Electrochemical studies revealed typical Tafel behavior for aluminum electrodes in wastewater. A negative corrosion potential indicates a propensity for anodic dissolution, crucial for coagulant generation, facilitating impurity removal in textile wastewater. Linear sweep voltammetry demonstrates that the aluminum electrode possesses the potential for both oxidation and reduction reactions, while the mesoporous structure and surface functional groups of the adsorbents together enhance the COD and color removal efficiency in the hybrid EC-AD treatment process. The findings highlight the novelty and efficacy of the hybrid EC-AD process in addressing the challenges associated with real-time textile wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Biological Treatment of Effluent From Landfill Leachate Preoxidized by the Fenton Process Combined With a Semiaerobic Aged Refuse Biofilter.","authors":"Zhuowen Yang, Yuqi Su, Zhepei Gu, Qibin Li","doi":"10.1002/wer.70175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Semiaerobic aged refuse biofilters (SAARBs) have demonstrated effectiveness in removing organic substances and nitrogen pollutants from landfill leachate. Nevertheless, prolonged direct recirculation via MBR-treated landfill leachate effluent (MBRE) with low biological efficacy may lead to pollutant accumulation within the SAARB, impairing its treatment efficacy. Drawing on the principle that the Fenton method can significantly reduce the refractory organic matter in MBRE and improve its biodegradability, a combined Fenton and SAARB process has been developed for treating MBRE. This study revealed that direct recirculation with MBRE into SAARB resulted in reduced pollutant removal efficiency, with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium (NH₄ ⁺) removal rates declining to 41.60% and 29.02%, respectively. However, with the recirculation of Fenton-preoxidized MBRE (FLE), there is a notable improvement in pollutant removal efficiency, with the COD and NH₄ ⁺ removal rates increasing to 75.42% and 81.30%, respectively. This treatment also restored the nitrogen pollutant removal efficiency (the removal capacity of nitrogen pollutants under the same organic matter removal rate). Additionally, 16S rRNA analysis indicated that long-term direct recirculation with MBRE, does not favor the enrichment of dominant functional bacteria. Conversely, recirculation with FLE altered the community composition of bacteria in SAARB, leading to the enrichment of Hydrogenispora, Syntrophaceticus, and unclassified_f Peptococcaceae. This shift contributes to the enhanced treatment performance of SAARB. This study provides a novel approach for the advanced treatment of MBRE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Use of Discarded Clay Cups in Constructed Wetland With Ipomoea carnea for Saline Water Treatment.","authors":"Kumar Sonu, Monika Sogani, Karishma Maheshwari, Zainab Syed, Jayana Rajvanshi, Nishan Sengupta","doi":"10.1002/wer.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six horizontal flow small scale constructed wetlands were developed to test the efficacy of discarded clay cups (DCCs) in removing nutrients from saline wastewater. In the summer, the average total dissolved solid (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal effectiveness of constructed wetlands was 82.7% and 80.1%, respectively, whereas in the winter, it was 70% and 65%. DCC bed wetlands have higher TDS and COD removal efficiency, with average removal rates of 83% and 80.6% in the summer and 74.7% and 70.7% in the winter, respectively, as well as better adsorption. Introducing Ipomoea carnea to the DCC bed considerably enhanced (p < 0.05) treatment efficiency of constructed wetlands. Seasonal variation has a substantial impact on pollution removal; however, superior performance was observed during the summer season. Building on insights from small-scale studies, scaling up to full-scale systems will be a key focus for the future scope of this research, allowing us to tackle larger scale water treatment challenges more effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quaternary Ammonium Functionalized Cellulose for Bromate Ion Removal: Structural Insights and Efficacy Evaluation.","authors":"Ecem Köseoğlu, Buse Aleyna Şenver, Yaşar Kemal Recepoğlu, Özgür Arar","doi":"10.1002/wer.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the potential of quaternary ammonium-modified cellulose as a biosorbent for bromate (BrO₃^-) removal from aqueous solutions. Elemental analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized the elemental composition and microstructural features of the biosorbent, whereas Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy elucidated its molecular structure. Experimental results revealed that BrO₃^- removal efficiency increased with the biosorbent dose, achieving approximately 58%, 78%, and 90% removal with 0.025, 0.05, and 0.2 g of sorbent, respectively. The removal was pH-dependent, with efficiencies of 25%, 45%, and 76% at pH 2, 4, and 10, respectively, and the optimal removal was within the pH range of 6-8. Kinetic studies demonstrated rapid sorption, achieving 91% removal within 3 min. The Langmuir sorption isotherm model provided an excellent fit to the experimental data (R² = 0.9987), indicating a maximum sorption capacity of 9.40 mg/g. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed a spontaneous and endothermic sorption process (∆G° = -8.11 kJ/mol; ∆H° = +2.22 kJ/mol). Desorption studies showed ≥ 99.9% efficiency using 0.1-M H₂SO₄ and NaCl, with NaCl selected as the preferred regenerant to minimize acid consumption. The biosorbent retained over 90% removal efficiency across three regeneration cycles. These findings highlight the potential of quaternary ammonium-modified cellulose as a sustainable and efficient material for BrO₃^- removal from water systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Microplastics in Pond Water and Sediments in Vadodara City, India.","authors":"Shruti Chaudhari, Prakash Samnani","doi":"10.1002/wer.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics, an exceptional class of pollutants, have been found in several shapes and sizes in all segments of the environment. Their morphological characteristics may reveal their possible sources and potential behavior in the environment. This work reports microplastics pollution in water and sediments in ponds in terms of their amount and physical features of the isolated particles. After density separation, microscopes were used for studying the particles at 4× and 10× magnification. The morphology of the collected microplastics varied in shape, color, and weight. In the water samples, the average minimum and maximum amounts of microplastics by weight were 0.0212 and 0.0366 mg/L, respectively. In the sediment samples, the average minimum concentrations according to weight were 19.162 and 27.094 mg/kg. Four shape types-foams, fragments, fibers, and films-of varied colors were mostly observed in the isolated material. Field surveys of the sampling sites indicated that anthropogenic factors may be the major contributors. This study provides region-specific baseline data and is among the first to evaluate microplastic contamination in a freshwater pond in Vadodara. The findings can aid in the development of regional pollution reduction plans and enhance environmental monitoring initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ionic Surfactants on Microfiltration of Enveloped and Nonenveloped Viruses.","authors":"Makayla Loey, Damien Redder, Emily L Marron, Jennifer Weidhaas","doi":"10.1002/wer.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viruses in wastewater effluent pose significant public health risks, and achieving high log reduction values is critical for wastewater reuse applications. The influence of ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and benzyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride (BAC) in wastewater on virus removal and infectivity after microfiltration (200 nm cutoff) was investigated. Microfiltration log rejection values (LRVs) for infective human adenovirus (ADV, nonenveloped, 90-nm diameter) and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV, enveloped, 80- to 120-nm diameter) increased when surfactants were present in wastewater from 4.3 to 6.8-7.1 and from 4.8 to 4.9-5.1 LRV for ADV and MHV, respectively. Lower LRVs were found when using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) than by TCID₅₀/mL infectives for both viruses, specifically from 1.4 to 3.4 for ADV and MHV, respectively. SEM-EDS confirmed aggregated virus and surfactant sorption on the membrane. This work advanced understanding of microfiltration virus log reduction influenced by surfactants and is applicable to wastewater reuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 9","pages":"e70171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent Binding of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate as C₁₂ Hydrocarbon Chain to Silica Coated Magnetite Under Microwave Irradiation for Removal and Enrichment of Brilliant Green Dye Spiked Environmental Water Samples.","authors":"Ezzat M Soliman, Eman Ali Fouly, Tamer H A Hasanin","doi":"10.1002/wer.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is conventionally bonded to positively charged bar adsorbents through electrostatic interaction. This mode of bonding greatly hinders their use for removing toxic species from sea water and highly saline waste water matrices, where the high concentrations of NaCl solutions strongly affect their stability. In this respect, the success of covalent binding of SDS to the adsorbent surface via a facile procedure is expected to support its stability and maximize its application. Accordingly, this manuscript enables the synthesis of a novel C₁₂ chemically bonded to silica coated magnetite nano composite (Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂@C₁₂), through direct solid-solid interaction between a pre-prepared silica coated magnetite Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂ NPs and SDS under a benign procedure adapting solvent free microwave irradiation conditions (700 W for 10 min). Different instrumental tools were used to characterize and confirm the success of the novel nano composite synthetic mode, including SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR (showing no vibration bands due to sulfate group), EDX (indicating the absence of sulfur content), and TGA (indicating starting decomposition higher than SDS melting point). The novel nanocomposite achieved its highest performance in removing brilliant green (BG) dye (98.33%) in batch mode, under optimized conditions of pH 6.3, contact time of 5 min, nanocomposite dosage of 70 mg and initial dye concentration of 30 ppm. It also showed a remarkable pH-independent profile across the investigated range (3.0-10.0), outperforming other adsorbents synthesized using multiple steps. Additionally, it exhibited resistance to salinity effects, with BG recovery values ranging from 96.75% to 96.25% in the 0.0- to 1.0-M NaCl range. This stability extended to seawater samples (T.D.S 31040 ppm), spiked with 25 and 50 ppm BG dye, with recovery values of 98.1% and 96.5%, respectively. The experimental data fit well with the Langmuir sorption isotherm (adsorption capacity of 158.7 mg/g) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, in addition to a high partition coefficient value of other 317.4 L/g. On the other hand, the Fe₃O₄NPs@SiO₂@C₁₂ nano adsorbent was successfully regenerated in situ for six consecutive cycles using an external magnet. Furthermore, a calibration curve for BG dye enrichment was established under optimized conditions, showing a linear dynamic range of 10-340 μg/L with a high coefficient of determination of 0.9974. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 5.5 and 18.3 μg/L, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 8","pages":"e70144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144837951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}