Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"A surrogate in vitro experimental model for off-label drug repurposing: inhibitory effect of montelukast on bovine respiratory syncytial virus replication.","authors":"Hanne Nur Kurucay, Zafer Yazici, Vahide Bayrakal, Bahadir Muftuoglu, Emre Ozan, Cuneyt Tamer, Seda Gozel, Gerald Barry, Mahir Igde, Semra Okur-Gumusova, Harun Albayrak, Ahmed Eisa Elhag, Huseyin Baskin","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02647-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02647-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Repurposing off-label drugs during epidemics or pandemics with unknown/known pathogens, particularly when their side effects and complications are already known, can be a strategic approach, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic. Developing surrogate in vitro experimental models (passage-to-passage), which mimic epidemic/pandemic-like transmission (human-to-human), may enhance this repurposing process. This study evaluates montelukast sodium (MLS), a US FDA-approved leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma, to explore its potential repurposing antiviral effects against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), which has basic similarities to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) as both belong to the Pneumoviridae family.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro serial passage model was developed using MDBK cells infected with a local wild-type strain of BRSV (43TR2018). The cytotoxicity of MLS was assessed via the trypan blue exclusion method, identifying non-toxic concentrations. The impact of MLS on viral spread and infectivity was measured through TCID50 values over 10 passages. Viral loads were confirmed by nested RT-PCR and quantified using qPCR, while apoptosis, necrosis, and nitric oxide production were evaluated through staining and nitrite assays. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Control cells exhibited 97.16% viability, with 10 µM and 20 µM MLS concentrations maintaining viabilities of 89.2% and 87.3%, respectively. Viral titers significantly decreased at higher concentrations of MLS (up to 99.94% inhibition). Apoptosis rates decreased in MLS-treated cells, and live cell percentages improved, especially at 20 µM. Nitric oxide levels showed no significant differences across groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MLS demonstrated a dose-dependent antiviral effect against BRSV, achieving 99% viral inhibition properties in MDBK cells. These promising results warrant further investigation into the antiviral mechanisms of MLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura induced by acute hepatitis E and successfully controlled by lymphoplasmapheresis plus rituximab.","authors":"Binfeng Yu, Yongfen Zhu, Zhihua Jin, Fei Han, Fangfang Lv","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02649-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02649-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thrombocytopenia is a common extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and is usually transient and self-limited. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare and lethal blood disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and organ involvement. The link between HEV infection and TTP is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 74-year-old female was referred to our hospital with complaints of fever, fatigue, nausea and jaundice for 10 days. Liver dysfunction, positive IgM and IgG of HEV, and HEV-RNA viremia prompted the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E, which was followed by a dramatic decline in the platelet count. The presence of schistocytes in the peripheral blood smear, along with decreased ADAMTS13 activity, strongly suggested a diagnosis of TTP. Combination therapy, including 2 courses of lymphoplasmapheresis (LPE), 4 courses of therapeutic plasma exchange, glucocorticoids and rituximab, was applied and contributed to the recovery of platelet. No recurrence of TTP was observed during the follow-up period. To date, this is first patient who developed the initial episode of TTP during the course of HEV viremia. In the meanwhile, LPE was used for the first time in the treatment of HEV-associated TTP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the necessity of ruling out TTP in hepatitis E patients with newly developed and severe thrombocytopenia and the values of LPE plus rituximab in treating such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse effects of coronavirus-defective viral genomes on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs and coronavirus replication.","authors":"Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Li-Kang Chang, Chun-Chun Yang, Ching-Hung Lin, Yu Teng, Pei-Chi Hsu, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02654-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02654-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanism by which coronavirus-defective viral genomes (DVGs) affect coronavirus and host cells during infection remains unclear. A variety of DVGs with different RNA structures can be synthesized from coronavirus-infected cells, and these DVGs can also encode proteins. Consequently, in the present study, we first dissected the effects of individual DVGs on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs at the RNA, protein and combined levels, and then examined whether different coronavirus-DVGs have different effects on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs and coronavirus replication both individually and collectively under different infection conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To dissect the effects of individual DVGs on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs at the RNA, protein and combined levels, DVG 2.2 and DVG 5.1, which were previously identified in coronavirus-infected cells, and their mutants were constructed followed by transfection. Western blot and RT‒qPCR were used to detect the synthesis of protein and to quantify the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs, respectively. To examined whether different coronavirus-DVGs have different effects on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs and coronavirus replication both individually and collectively under different infection conditions, different naturally occurring DVGs were selected and constructed followed by transfection after or before coronavirus infection and by RT‒qPCR and hemagglutination assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>These results suggested that (i) coronavirus-DVGs at the RNA, protein and combined levels have different effects on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs, (ii) coronavirus-DVGs can inhibit coronavirus replication at least partly through interferon signaling and (iii) different DVGs have different effects on the synthesis of IFNβ and ISG15 mRNAs and coronavirus replication both individually and collectively under different infection conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coronavirus replication can be regulated by diverse coronavirus-derived DVGs at least partly through innate immunity. Such regulation may contribute to the pathogenesis of coronavirus. The DVG populations in coronavirus-infected cells with the ability to inhibit coronavirus replication are expected to be potential resources for the identification of antivirals at the level of RNA, protein or in combination, and the methods used in the current study can be used as a platform for this purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected HBsAg decrease after nucleoside analogues retreatment among HBeAg positive postpartum women: a pilot study.","authors":"Qiao Tang, Chunrui Wang, Hu Li, Zhiwei Chen, Li Zhang, Jing Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Yunling Xue, Yue Qiu, Mingli Peng, Yi Zeng, Peng Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02632-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02632-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is one of the main routes of transmission of HBV, and previous studies focused on the efficacy and safety of nucleoside analogues (NAs) in preventing MTCT. There are limited data on virologic changes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients after discontinuing treatment postpartum and the efficacy of retreatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective-prospective real-world pilot cohort study on pregnant women with CHB was conducted. Biochemical and virological characteristics (HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA) in patients received NAs treatment pre-pregnancy (n = 24), patients discontinued treatment after delivery (n = 88) and retreatment patients (n = 22) were collected during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidences of HBeAg clearance, half decrease of HBsAg, 0.5 lg decrease of HBsAg and HBsAg < 1000 IU/mL in patients discontinuing treatment postpartum were 5.7% (4/70), 10.0% (8/48), 6.3% (3/48) and 1.6% (1/61), respectively. More significantly decreases of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA were observed in retreatment patients compared to patients received NAs treatment pre-pregnancy. Significantly higher cumulative incidences of half decrease of HBsAg, 0.5 lg decrease of HBsAg and HBsAg < 1000 IU/mL were achieved in retreatment patients compared to patients received NAs treatment pre-pregnancy. Long-term follow-up results indicated that it is safe for HBeAg positive pregnant patients to discontinue treatment after delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HBeAg positive patients received NAs treatment during pregnancy and discontinued it postpartum can benefit from NAs retreatment because of unexpected decrease of HBsAg, which may be helpful for achieve the goal of functional cure. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov (No.ChiCTR2100054116).</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among adults intrafamilial household contacts attending antenatal care clinics in the Central Ethiopian region: from pregnant women index cases.","authors":"Yilma Markos Larebo, Abebe Alemu Anshebo, Sujit Kumar Behera, Natarajan Gopalan","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02633-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02633-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Ethiopia, hepatitis B virus infections are prevalent and highly endemic. Additionally, there has been a significant increase in hospital admissions, morbidity, and mortality associated with hepatitis B virus infections. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among adult intrafamilial household contacts of pregnant women index cases attending antenatal care clinics in the central Ethiopian region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October 1, 2023, and March 1, 2024. Three hundred eighty-five adult intrafamilial household contacts were randomly selected via lottery methods. A 3 ml venous blood sample was taken from adult intrafamilial household contacts and checked for hepatitis B virus infection through hepatitis B surface antigen. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. A logistic regression model predicted the relationship between predictor and outcome variables. A p-value of < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall response rate was 96.1%. Two-thirds of the adults of intrafamilial household contacts (n = 229; 61.9%) were aged between 18 and 28 years, with a mean age of 28 years. The prevalence rate of hepatitis B virus infection among adults of intrafamilial household contacts with pregnant women as the index case was 11.6% (95% CI, 8.6 to 15.1). Being male (AOR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.37) and a duration of stay with the index case of less than six months (AOR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.81) were associated with a reduced risk of hepatitis B virus infection. Meanwhile, large family sizes (≥ 7) (AOR: 4.32; 95% CI: 1.34, 13.98), genital discharge (AOR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.60, 6.15), engagement in unsafe sex (AOR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.97), and a history of mortality due to hepatitis in the family (AOR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.09, 8.42) were associated with an increased risk of hepatitis B virus infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity among adult intrafamilial household contacts with pregnant women index cases in the central Ethiopia region was high at 11.6%. These findings suggest that interventions to prevent HBV infection should prioritize educational campaigns targeting adult intrafamilial household contacts of HBV-positive index cases, focusing on risk factors associated with HBV transmission, prevention, counselling, testing, and vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variations and carcinogenicity analysis of E6/E7 oncogenes in HPV31 and HPV35 in Taizhou, China.","authors":"Hao-Bo Yuan, Jun-Hui Yu, Jun Gan, Yi Qiu, Zi-Yi Yan, Hui-Hui Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02650-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02650-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic variations in the E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV31 and HPV35, and to explore their potential role in cervical cancer risk among women in Taizhou, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cervical exfoliated cells were collected for HPV genotyping, and only patients with a single infection of either HPV31 or HPV35 were selected for this study. The ABI 3730xl sequencer was utilized to sequence the E6 and E7 genes, followed by subsequent sequence alignment, analysis of genetic heterogeneity, and construction of maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees for the sequences of HPV31 and HPV35 using BioEdit and MEGA softwares.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2013 to 2023, 148 HPV31 E6/E7 gene sequences and 121 HPV35 E6/E7 gene sequences were successfully obtained. We identified 16 distinct HPV31 E6/E7 variants and 5 distinct HPV35 E6/E7 variants, which have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers OR540563-OR540578 and OR540579-OR540583, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the HPV31 variants belonged to sublineage A2 (57.4%), followed by sublineages C2 (26.4%), C3 (14.2%) and B1 (2.0%). The proportion of CIN2 + patients in sublineage A2 was greater than that in other HPV31 sublineages, but the difference was not statistically significant (69.2% vs. 30.8%, P > 0.05). The most common variant in A2 was 31CNTZ07, which has a greater risk of CIN2 + than other A2 variants (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.31 to 9.36; P < 0.05). In addition, all the HPV35 variants belonged to lineage A, of which 99.2% belonged to sublineage A1. 35CNTZ01 and 35CNTZ03 were the two most common HPV35 variants in our population, but no significant difference in their carcinogenic ability was observed (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data provides a deeper insight into the distribution of geographic/ethnical HPV31 and HPV35 variants, which contribute to the development of multivalent HPV vaccines and diagnostic assays that are suitable for Chinese women.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of switching from protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in virologically suppressed adults with nucleos(t)ide analogue resistance- a phase IV randomised, open-label study (PIBIK study).","authors":"Collins Iwuji, Laura Waters, Ana Milinkovic, Chloe Orkin, Julie Fox, Frank Post, Nicky Perry, Chloe Bruce, Natalie Dailey, Ye To, Stephen Bremner, Duncan Churchill, Anna Maria Geretti","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02648-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02648-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are limited data on how historical nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) other than M184V/I, affect the activity of B/F/TAF. We evaluated the outcomes of switching virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL) individuals harbouring major RAMs from boosted protease inhibitor (bPI)-based therapy to B/F/TAF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants had various historical genotypic patterns including M184V/I, ≤2 thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs), and other NRTI RAMs (NAMs), and no integrase resistance. Baseline RAMs were explored by retrospective sequencing of cellular HIV-1 DNA. Participants were randomised (1:1) to switching to B/F/TAF either immediately or after 24 weeks. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants maintaining virological suppression (pure virologic response) at week-24; secondary outcomes were proportion of participants with virological suppression at week-48, pre-specified safety measures, and treatment-emergent resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Historically, 21/72 (29.2%) participants had M184V/I, 5 (6.9%) M184V/I + 1 NAM, 31 (43.1%) 1 TAM ± M184V/I ± 1 NAM, and 15 (20.8%) 2 TAMs ± M184V/I ± 1 NAM. At week-24, proportions maintaining virological suppression were 33/33 (100%) on B/F/TAF vs. 38/39 (97.4%) on bPI (difference 2.6%; 95% CI -2.4%, 7.5%). Drug-related adverse events (AEs) were reported in 10/33 (30.3%) vs. 1/39 (2.6%), respectively. The immediate switch arm had improved lipid parameters but increased HbA1c and weight. Virological suppression was maintained at week-48. There were six discontinuations; four on B/F/TAF were drug-related and the two on bPI were not drug-related.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Historical NRTI resistance did not compromise the effectiveness of B/F/TAF in virologically suppressed adults. 12% experienced treatment-limiting AEs after switching.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>EudraCT no: 2018-004732-30.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and molecular analysis of JCPyV and BKPyV infection and associated risk of urothelial carcinoma development in the upper tract.","authors":"Chun-Nun Chao, Chi-Feng Hung, Wei-Hong Lai, Chun-Liang Tung, Wan-Yun Yeh, Kai-Wu Yang, Meilin Wang, Ya-Yan Lai, Pei-Lain Chen, Cheng-Huang Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02643-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02643-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) and BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), have been found in upper tract urothelial carcinoma UTUC; however, the association of the viral oncogenic factors and clinical characteristics of UTUC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of JCPyV and BKPyV in UTUC and their correlation with cancer progression among the southwest Taiwanese population from 2020 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 72 paraffin-embedded UTUC tissue samples and 41 adjacent tissue samples were collected from 72 patients. Nested polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to detect viral DNA and genotypes. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti- large T (LT) and anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies to detect the expression of viral early LT protein and cellular p53 protein, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of JCPyV and BKPyV were higher in UTUC than in adjacent tissue samples (65.3% [47/72] vs. 17.1% [7/41]). JCPyV and BKPyV were detected in 95.7% (45/47) and 4.3% (2/47) of the HPyVs-positive UTUC samples, respectively. JCPyV-TW-3 was the predominant strain of JCPyV infection. In UTUC samples, the LT protein of JCPyV and BKPyV positivity rate was 65.3%, while that of mutant p53 protein was 52.7%. JCPyV infection and LT protein expression increased the odds ratio (OR) of UTUC by 9.13-fold. The OR of UTUC was higher by 10.34-fold in patients with mutant p53 and by 10.37-fold in those with simultaneous LT and mutant p53 expression. The presence of LT protein in UTUC patients may increase the OR of mutant p53 protein expression by 2.93-fold compared to its absence. Women had a 5.19-fold higher superiority of JCPyV infection and LT expression than men. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) had a 3.15-fold higher OR for mutant p53 protein expression than those without it. In the UTUC advanced stages, the OR of virus and LT expression was 3.18-fold higher compared to those who do not require chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>JCPyV infection is highly prevalent in UTUC, and the presence of CKD concurrent with high expressions of LT and mutant p53 proteins in patients may be a useful indicator for chemotherapy and poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardization, validation, and comparative evaluation of a convenient surrogate recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus plaque reduction test for quantification of Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) neutralizing antibodies.","authors":"Jing Wei, Hui Zhang, Jiawei Pei, Qiqi Yang, Yuan Wang, Xiaolei Jin, He Liu, Liang Zhang, Hongwei Ma, Linfeng Cheng, Yangchao Dong, Yingfeng Lei, Yinlan Bai, Zhikai Xu, Pengbo Yu, Fanglin Zhang, Wei Ye","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02613-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02613-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) is responsible for severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which has a case fatality rate of 1% to 10%. Currently, the inactive vaccine licensed in endemic areas elicit low levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Early NAbs administration is helpful for patients recovery from HFRS. Therefore, measuring NAbs is crucial for evaluating the immune response following infection or vaccination. The golden standard for HTNV NAbs measurement is the focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT), which typically requires skilled technicians and is performed under high biosafety containment facility. Here, we established a surrogate NAbs titration method with replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) bearing HTNV glycoprotein (rVSV-HTNV-GP) based plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Then compared and correlated this method with the authentic HTNV based FRNT, and applied it to measure the NAbs level in 47 serum samples from HFRS patients, healthy donors and inactive vaccine recipients. We observed positive correlations between two neutralization assays among HFRS patients and inactive vaccine recipients (R² = 0.5994 and 0.3440, respectively) and confirmed the clear specificity with healthy donors without vaccinated and reproducibility with three more assays. Our results suggest that rVSV-HTNV-GP based PRNT is a reliable lower-biosafety level surrogate for HTNV NAbs evaluation, which is easy to perform with higher sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hepatic steatosis on the efficacy of antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B and the establishment of predictive model: a cohort study.","authors":"Guanghui Ren, Kaining Jia, Shi Yin, Yunpeng Guan, Qingwei Cong, Ying Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02642-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02642-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are prevalent liver disorders. Ongoing discussions investigate the impact of MASLD on the therapeutic outcomes of CHB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 320 CHB patients on antiviral therapy (including NAs and PEG IFNα) were included and categorized into CHB + MASLD (n = 125) and CHB group (n = 195). The treatment response rates, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Cox regression were assessed between the two groups to investigate the impact of MASLD on antiviral responses in patients with CHB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At weeks 24 and 48, the CHB + MASLD group displayed a higher HBsAg response rate than the CHB group (24 weeks: 11.5% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.026; 48 weeks: 24.4% vs. 8.4%, p = 0.001). The pgRNA response was also higher in the CHB + MASLD group at both time points (24 weeks: 30.9% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.163; 48 weeks: 48.8% vs. 28.3%, p = 0.049). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a shorter median time to HBsAg response at 48 weeks for the CHB + MASLD group (HR = 3.251, 40 weeks vs. 42.5 weeks, p = 0.002). This is particularly evident among individuals who are negative for HBeAg (48w: 24.2% vs 12.2%, p = 0.005). KM survival analysis demonstrated that the CHB + MASLD group was more likely to achieve HBsAg response (HR = 2.428, p = 0.039).COX regression analysis identified age (HR = 0.948, p = 0.005), antiviral regimen (NAs + PEG IFNα: HR = 5.33, p < 0.001; PEG IFNα: HR = 1.099, p = 0.93), baseline HBsAg level (HR = 0.648, p = 0.009), and MASLD presence (HR = 3.321, p = 0.002) as independent predictors for HBsAg response. Time-ROC analysis showed that these factors effectively predicted HBsAg decline (24 weeks: AUC = 0.902; 48 weeks: AUC = 0.890). The model demonstrated strong discriminative power, calibration, and clinical relevance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CHB patients without significant liver fibrosis who receive antiviral therapy, concurrent MASLD enhances HBsAg response, particularly in HBeAg-negative patients. Factors like younger age, NAs with PEG IFNα therapy, lower initial HBsAg levels, and MASLD presence predict treatment success. Further investigations are required to elucidate the impact of diverse metabolic disorders on the advancement of liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registry and the registration No. Of the study/trial: ChiCTR23000 74064(2023-07-28).</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}