Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hepatocellular jaundice in SARS-CoV-2 and EBV coinfection: a case report.","authors":"Joseph H Kelly, Kenji Hamanaka, Abigail Polzin","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02865-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02865-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are each individually associated with mild hepatic injury and, rarely, with hyperbilirubinemia. Coinfection is not well documented, and within available reports, mild hepatic injury has been demonstrated.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 25-year-old man with no significant past medical history acquired coinfection and developed transaminitis, moderate hyperbilirubinemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. The degree of transaminitis was severe and out of proportion for either SARS-CoV-2 or EBV infection. The patient was admitted to the hospital for further laboratory and imaging studies to rule out other etiologies. He was managed symptomatically and without antiviral medications. The patient's transaminase levels demonstrated a pattern of recovery on day 10 with complete normalization documented at 10 months. There were no long-term sequelae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While SARS-CoV-2 and EBV are each independently associated with mild hepatic injury, this case highlights a rare presentation of severe liver injury, possibly due to synergistic viral effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lytic bacteriophages targeting multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Moschus berezovskii: isolation, characterization, and therapeutic efficacy against bacteremia.","authors":"Qingxia Hu, Yanjie Zhang, Ni Lv, Yahao Kang, Saba Nasir, Ruiqing Wang, Jiahao Qu, Jiadeng Jiang, Xiao Li, Xinglong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02715-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02715-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an important zoonotic pathogen. It is also the primary causative agent of systemic infections in the endangered Moschus berezovskii. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa has made these infections increasingly difficult to control, and bacteriophages are considered important alternatives or adjuncts to antibiotic therapy. This study isolated P. aeruginosa strains that induce suppurative infections in Moschus berezovskii from a farm in Shaanxi Province, China. The bacteriophages vB_PaeP_FMD5 (FMD5) and vB_PaeM_H24-1 (H24-1) were isolated using these bacteria as hosts. The safety and practicality of the two phages were analyzed through methods such as biological characteristic assessment, whole genome sequencing analysis, and animal experiments. FMD5 is classified within the Podoviridae family, whereas H24-1 belongs to Myxoviridae. Biological characterization revealed that both FMD5 and H24-1 exhibit tolerance to temperature, pH, chloroform, and Ultraviolet(UV) exposure. The optimal multiplicity of infection (OMOI) for FMD5 and H24-1 were 0.01 and 0.1, respectively, and the burst sizes from the one-step growth curve were 200 PFU/cell and 150 PFU/cell, respectively. In vitro inhibitory assays demonstrated that FMD5, H24-1, and their cocktail exerted a favorable inhibitory effect for up to 11 hours. Whole genome sequencing confirmed that both phages possess double-stranded DNA genomes, with FMD5 having a length of 72,254 bp and a G+C content of 55.16%, containing 91 ORFs(Open Reading Frame)​, whereas H24-1 has a genome length of 66,281 bp, a G+C content of 56.26%, and encompasses 94 ORFs. No drug-resistance genes, virulence factors, or lysogenic genes were identified in either phage. Phylogenetic analysis of conserved genes revealed that FMD5 is closely related to the previously published Pseudomonas phage LP14 (LP14), while H24-1 is closely related to the previously published Pseudomonas phage vB_PaeM_LS1(LS1), but both are newly discovered bacteriophages. In a mouse model of bacteremia treated with bacteriophages, both individual phages and the cocktail exhibited favorable therapeutic effects. The two novel bacteriophages isolated in this study exhibit efficient and stable characteristics. They demonstrate sound therapeutic effects against bacteremia in mice caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa, suggesting their great potential as alternatives or adjuncts to antibiotic therapy for treating infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a MERS-related betacoronavirus in Danish brown long-eared bats (Plecotus auritus).","authors":"Camille Melissa Johnston, Vithiagaran Gunalan, Hans J Baagøe, Anna S Fomsgaard, Charlotta Polacek, Morten Rasmussen, Louise Lohse, Thomas Bruun Rasmussen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02883-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02883-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bats are recognized as natural reservoir hosts for numerous viruses and are believed to be the evolutionary origin of alpha- and beta-coronaviruses (CoVs), such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and possibly MERS-CoV. MERS-related beta-CoVs have been identified in bat species from Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. In this study, we describe the first detection and characterization of a MERS-related beta-CoV in Danish brown long-eared bats (Plecotus auritus).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fecal samples collected through a national surveillance program were screened using pan-CoV RT-qPCRs. Positive samples underwent ORF1b sequencing, microarray analysis and Illumina MiSeq sequencing, followed by metagenomic assembly of full-length genomes. A global phylogenetic tree was used to determine placement within the Coronaviridae family and local maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis clarified subgroup placement. The receptor-binding potential of the spike protein to human DPP4, ACE2, and bat ACE2 orthologs was assessed through phylogenetic analysis of the receptor-binding domain (RBD), alongside homology modeling and structural analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three samples tested positive for CoVs. One sample from a Soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus) was identified as alpha-CoV by ORF1b sequencing. The remaining two samples, obtained from a colony of Plecotus auritus, were identified as beta-CoVs, and separate microarray results indicated the presence of a MERS-related CoV. Full genomes were successfully assembled using a metagenomic approach. Phylogenetic analysis placed them within the merbecoviruses, forming a distinct clade with viruses detected in Vespertilionidae bats from Western Europe and East Asia. Analysis of the RBD placed them within the HKU25 clade. Structural modeling suggested hydrogen bonding patterns between the RBD and human/bat ACE2 orthologs or human DPP4, similar to known in vitro complexes, indicating potential receptor binding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report of MERS-related beta-CoVs in bats from Denmark. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that these novel viruses belong to the HKU25 clade, a clade with known ACE2 receptor preference. Experimental validation is needed to confirm the receptor-binding potential, as additional interactions at the RBD-receptor interface may differ from previously described bat-merbecoviruses. Continued surveillance is crucial to identify potential intermediate hosts and assess interspecies transmission risk, with focus on the spike protein, receptor specificity, and binding affinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation of host cell proteins in inclusion bodies of non-segmented RNA virus infected cells: a molecular insight.","authors":"Sharmistha Sarkar, Kriti Kestur Biligiri, Nisha Vats, Shravanti Rampalli, Surajit Ganguly, Naveen Kumar, Debi Prasad Sarkar, Nirmal Kumar Ganguly, Nishi Raj Sharma","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02784-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02784-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative-sense RNA viruses (NSVs) carrying a non-segmented genome encompass a broad group of viruses responsible for numerous human diseases such as rabies, mumps, measles, respiratory illness and encephalitis. Viruses replicate intracellular and interact with various host proteins to evade the immune response and persist within the host. A salient trait of NSVs is their ability to form cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) which are believed to serve as pivotal sites for viral replication. The formation of viral IBs is a complex process involving the recruitment of viral RNA and its proteins along with cellular components. These different constituents of IBs fulfil diverse roles depending on the structure and composition which remains specific to each virus. Therefore, understanding the viral strategies underlying IB formation is imperative. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between virus-induced IBs and host cell factors. This review aims to summarize how cellular factors participate in the formation of distinct viral IBs among non-segmented NSVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and comparison of RF-RAA and qPCR for rapid detection of Chinese soft-shelled turtle adenovirus (CSTAdV).","authors":"Feiyan Tian, Zhigao Zhan, Jianming Pei, Haili Huang, Zemao Gu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02895-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02895-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chinese soft-shelled turtle adenovirus (CSTAdV) is a new virus discovered recently that infects farmed Chinese soft-shelled turtle. In order to investigate its epizootiology and meet the requirements of timely prevention and control, it is imperative to establish an efficient diagnostic assay for CSTAdV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, on-site diagnostic real-time fluorescence Recombinase-aided amplification (RF-RAA) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection methods were established based on the specific sequence of the viral DNA polymerase gene. The results showed that the sensitivity of the CSTAdV RF-RAA assay and qPCR assay was 1.0 × 10² copies/μL within 20 min at 42 °C, and 1.0 × 10¹ copies/μL in approximately 60 min for detecting plasmid pUC57-CSTAdV, respectively. Both the RF-RAA assay and the qPCR assay were highly specific for CSTAdV, with no cross-reaction with Soft-shelled turtle iridovirus, Trionyx sinensis hemorrhagic syndrome virus, Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Morganella morganii, and Vibrio cholerae. A total of 107 clinical specimens of Chinese soft-shelled turtle were tested by the RF-RAA and qPCR assays. The qPCR results were consistent with adenoviral consensus nested PCR published previously, whereas the RF-RAA assay exhibited diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) of 95.45% and 100%, respectively. The findings suggest that the newly developed RF-RAA and qPCR assays exhibit high accuracy in detecting CSTAdV in clinical specimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Therefore, the RF-RAA and qPCR assays provide two novel alternatives for simple, sensitive and specific identification of CSTAdV for pathogen screening in the field and quantitative analysis in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"284"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure and CAR-T therapy.","authors":"Yan Wang, Jing Gu, Guanghua Chen, Yanfeng Jiang, Ying Xu, Xiaoping Huang, Wei Sun, Jianhe Gan","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02868-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02868-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between inflammatory cytokines and liver function indices in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) patients and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy recipients, with the aim of identifying prognostic biomarkers and elucidating the pathophysiological roles of inflammatory cytokines in HBV-ACLF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical data from three groups: 68 patients with confirmed HBV-ACLF, 30 patients with pre-HBV-ACLF, and 372 hematologic malignancy patients receiving CAR-T therapy with preserved liver function at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum interleukin (IL)-10 levels demonstrated a progressive increase across the groups [healthy controls: 0.15 (0.10;2.18) pg/mL; pre-HBV-ACLF: 3.80 (2.38;11.83) pg/mL; HBV-ACLF: 5.95 (3.90;14.75) pg/mL; p < 0.001]. Patients with clinical improvement exhibited significantly lower IL-10 concentrations and higher IL-6/IL-10 ratios compared to those with disease progression (p < 0.05). Notably, IL-6 levels remained stable across clinical stages, with HBV-ACLF patients without secondary infection showing lower IL-6 levels than pre-HBV-ACLF patients (p < 0.05). Following CAR-T therapy, hematologic patients displayed significantly elevated IL-6 levels, accompanied by increases in AST and INR prolongation, whereas TBIL and ALT remained stable (p > 0.05). Consistent with HBV-ACLF observations, improved CAR-T recipients demonstrated significantly lower IL-6/IL-10 ratios than progression patients (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-10 exhibits stage-dependent dynamics in HBV-ACLF pathogenesis and progression, closely mirroring hepatic functional deterioration. The IL-6/IL-10 ratio serves as a prognostic biomarker for both HBV-ACLF and CAR-T therapy-related liver injury, with lower ratios indicating better clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human rhinovirus in hospitalized children and adolescents with acute respiratory infections: a longitudinal study in Shenzhen, China (2019-2024).","authors":"Jiao Liu, Wei Wang, Ke Cao, Zhenmin Ren, Xiaoying Fu, Yunsheng Chen, WenJian Wang, Yuejie Zheng, Yanmin Bao, Xiaojuan Luo, Jiehua Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02901-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02901-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a significant pathogen responsible for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children and is closely associated with pediatric wheezing. However, its clinical importance remains a subject of debate. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics of HRV, and to explore the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on HRV dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on HRV-positive cases among children and adolescents hospitalized for ARIs at a tertiary medical center in Shenzhen, China, from September 2019 to December 2024. Multiplex PCR was employed to detect 12 common respiratory pathogens, and molecular typing of HRV was performed on selected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. Demographic data, epidemiological patterns, co-infection profiles, clinical characteristics were analyzed. Data were stratified into three periods based on COVID-19 pandemic and NPIs implementation: pre-pandemic (September-December 2019), pandemic (2020-2022, with NPIs in effect), and post-pandemic (2023-2024, after NPIs cessation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 74,330 children and adolescents hospitalized for ARIs, HRV was detected in 18,681 cases (25.13%), exhibiting year-round prevalence with seasonal peaks in spring and autumn. HRV-A (62.84%) was the predominant genotype, followed by HRV-C (28.38%). Co-infections occurred in 32.00% of HRV cases and were associated with higher rates of pneumonia and severe pneumonia (P < 0.001). Conversely, HRV mono-infections were significantly correlated with hospitalizations for acute wheezing illnesses and more severe clinical outcomes (all P < 0.001). During the stringent NPIs period (early 2020), HRV detection rates declined markedly but rebounded rapidly following the relaxation of measures. The overall HRV positivity rate post-pandemic (25.53%) was significantly higher than that during the pandemic (23.50%, P < 0.001). The median age of HRV-infected children and adolescents increased significantly from 1.83 years pre-pandemic to 2.25 years during the pandemic to 3.33 years post-pandemic (P < 0.0001). However, clinical severity indicators for HRV mono-infections remained largely unchanged between the pandemic and post-pandemic periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HRV is a major pathogen in pediatric ARIs, with HRV mono-infections strongly associated with hospitalizations for acute wheezing illnesses and severe clinical outcomes. Unlike other respiratory viruses, HRV demonstrated relative resilience to NPIs and a notable post-pandemic shift in the age distribution of infections toward older children. These findings underscore HRV's ongoing public health significance and the necessity for continued surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional roles of conserved residues of human papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein and biological consequences.","authors":"Sean Fletcher, Esther E Biswas-Fiss, Subhasis B Biswas","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02903-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02903-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent viral pathogen that causes a variety of malignancies, including cervical cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. The HPV E2 protein is a central regulator of viral replication and oncogene expression, making it a critical determinant of HPV-associated malignancies. While its core functions are conserved, variations within the E2 protein are thought to contribute to the differential oncogenic potential among HPV types, though the structural basis for this remains incompletely understood. Previous research from our laboratory suggests that mutations within a 12-base pair segment of the long control region that encompasses the E2 binding sites may influence the oncogenic potential of certain HPV strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computational methods, including multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis, and protein structural modeling were employed to identify conserved regions and correlate these with potential cancer-associated mutations in the coding region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural modeling using AlphaFold3 and visualization in PyMOL revealed that conserved E2 residues cluster near the DNA-binding surface in the C-terminal domain and at critical interaction sites in the N-terminal transactivation domain, important for E1 DNA helicase binding and potentially other host factor interactions. Notably, species-specific adaptations, including the T309P substitution in the HPV52 subfamily B2, which may induce structural changes in the DNA-binding domain, and variations in the 12-base pair spacer, could modulate oncogene expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, these findings refine our understanding of E2's essential role in viral pathogenesis and highlight promising targets for therapeutic intervention in high-risk HPV strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) prevalence and abnormal cervical cytology in rural high-altitude communities: a population-based cross-sectional study in the Southern Tibetan Plateau, China (2023-2024).","authors":"Min Chen, Yeshi Lhamo, Kelsang Chödrön, Le Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02909-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02909-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer prevention remains challenging in resource-limited high-altitude regions. This study investigated the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) and cytological abnormalities in southern Tibet, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based cross-sectional study (2023-2024) enrolled 21,112 women from the Shannan Region (altitude: 3500-6000 m). The participants underwent hr-HPV genotyping (16/18 and 16 other types) and ThinPrep cytologic testing (TCT). Statistical analyses included χ² tests and quadratic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall hr-HPV prevalence was 9.57% (2,021/21,112). Non-16/18 types predominated (83.37% of infections), with HPV16/18 accounting for 1.59% of infections. Age-stratified analysis revealed a U-shaped infection curve: peaks at 20-24 years (16.07%) and ≥ 65 years (11.84%), nadir at 45-49 years (8.94%; R²=0.89, p < 0.01). Cytological abnormalities occurred in 8.27% (1,746/21,112) of the patients, predominantly ASC-US (79.5%). The ≥ 65 years participants presented the highest abnormality rate (11.84% vs. other groups). Hr-HPV positivity correlated strongly with cytological severity (p < 0.001), increasing from NILM (7.84%) to HSIL (92.31%). HPV16/18 was more prevalent in high-grade lesions (HSIL: 38.46%; OR = 60.2 vs. NILM, 95% CI: 18.4-196.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Shannan has a distinct hr-HPV epidemiology characterized by a lower prevalence, U-shaped age distribution, and non-16/18 type dominance. The resurgence of infections/abnormalities in elderly women warrants age-tailored screening. These findings support prioritizing multivalent vaccines in this high-altitude population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an African horse sickness VP6 DIVA diagnostic ELISA.","authors":"Munyaradzi Tinarwo, Susan J Dennis, Inga I Hitzeroth, Ann E Meyers, Edward P Rybicki, Sandiswa Mbewana","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02898-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02898-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144837950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}