Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Altered colonic microflora and its metabolic profile in mice with acute viral myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3.","authors":"Yimin Xue, Shirong Lin, Mingguang Chen, Jun Ke, Jiuyun Zhang, Qiaolian Fan, Yimei Chen, Feng Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02571-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02571-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mounting evidence suggests that the gut-heart axis is critical in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The gut serves as the primary pathway through which Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infects its host, leading to acute viral myocarditis (AVMC). However, little is known about the role of gut microflora and its metabolites in the development of AVMC. The AVMC model was established by intraperitoneal injection of CVB3 in mice. Then, 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) untargeted metabolomics profiling were performed to analyze the microflora composition and metabolic profile of colonic contents. Compared to the Control mice, the AVMC mice displayed a significant reduction in gut microflora richness and diversity, as revealed by an increased abundance of Proteobacteria and a decreased abundance of Cyanobacteria and Desulfobacterota. LEfSe analysis indicated that the main genera differing between the two groups were Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Odoribacter. Based on the criterion of OPLS-DA VIP ≥ 1.0 and p-value < 0.05, a total of 198 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the gut, including 79 upregulated and 119 downregulated metabolites, of which lipids and lipid-like molecules accounted for the largest proportion. Notably, both altered gut bacterial taxa and metabolites were significantly enriched in the Lipid metabolism pathway, with Traumatic acid (TA), Alpha-Linolenic acid (ALA), Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) being the key DMs in the pathway. Additionally, significant positive correlations (|r| > 0.80 and p < 0.05) were found between TA levels and Anaerotruncus and Bilophila abundance, between EPA levels and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 abundance, and between DHA levels and Escherichia-Shigella abundance, respectively. CVB3 infection leads to notable alterations in gut microflora composition and its metabolic profile, which may participate in AVMC development. Our findings provide important clues for future in-depth studies on AVMC etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral immune signatures associated with the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis in cirrhotic Egyptian HCV patients before and after treatment with direct-acting antivirals.","authors":"Reem El-Shenawy, Rehab I Moustafa, Naiera M Helmy, Yasmine S El-Abd, Ashraf A Tabll, Yasser K Elesnawy, Heba Shawky","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02551-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02551-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized the management of chronic HCV, the debatable association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence/recurrence has raised major concerns about their long-term use, especially in cirrhotic cases. The role of epithelial tight junction proteins (TJPs) in hepatocarcinogenesis has been highlighted; however, the association of their expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HCC has rarely been reported. This study aimed to explore the role of peripheral claudin (Cldn)1 in liver pathogenesis and its crosstalk with soluble immune mediators in HCC prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included six independent subgroups: healthy controls, cirrhotic/non-cirrhotic treatment-naïve HCV patients, DAA-SVR patients, and anticancer treatment-naïve de novo HCC patients. The laboratory tests included serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, liver transaminases, total bilirubin, and CBC profiling. The serum levels of soluble cluster of differentiation (sCD)163, IL-10, and IL-12 were estimated by corresponding ELISA kits, whereas the levels of Cldn1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in PBMCs were quantified using quantitative PCR (qPCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum sCD163, IL-10, and IL-12 levels were significantly higher in the HCC patient group than in the control and non-malignant patient groups (P < 0.0001). No significant difference was detected in the serum levels of the three markers between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, whereas their levels were significantly different between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the transcriptional levels of peripheral Cldn1 and TGF-β were significantly higher in patients with HCC and non-malignant cirrhosis than in patients without cirrhosis (P = 0.0185-<0.0001 and 0.0089-<0.0001, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between all the abovementioned markers and HCC (P = 0.0303 to < 0.0001), which was further confirmed by the results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, which revealed an area under the curve (AUC) value ranging from 0.883 to 0.996. The calculated cutoff values demonstrated remarkable prognostic capacity, with ranges of 88-99.41% and 82.14-97.92% and positive/negative predictive values ranging from 84.62 to 98.3% and 92-98%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed HCC predictors are novel non-invasive HCC biomarkers that maintain their predictive power under different pathological conditions and circumvent the drawbacks of conventional prognostic markers in patients with mild cirrhosis and/or normal AFP, albumin, and/or platelet counts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus, rotavirus A, and coinfection in children during 2014-2023 in Guangzhou, China.","authors":"Yuqian Yan, Zhiwei Zeng, Huixin Gao, Shanshui Zeng, Siqin Duan, Jun Jiang, Xiaolan Ai, Lanlan Zeng, Shuwen Yao, Yan Long","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02537-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02537-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection is the cause of diarrhoea, and rotaviruses and adenoviruses are important pathogens in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 144,067 children with diarrhoea between 2014 and 2023 in China. We used the colloidal gold method to detect intestinal adenovirus and rotavirus A antigens in faeces. The epidemiological characteristics of these viruses and the impact of meteorological factors on them were analysed before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During this decade, the positive rate of adenovirus infection was 6.41%, while the positive rate of rotavirus A infection was 11.81%, higher than that of adenovirus infection. The positive rate of adenovirus and rotavirus A coinfection was 1.92%. The positive rates of adenovirus, rotavirus A and coinfection showed a fluctuating trend, and suddenly decreased in 2020. There was an apparent decrease of positive rate of rotavirus A, with a decrease of 57.27%, during 2020-2023. Surprisingly, the positive rate of adenovirus infection exceeded that of rotavirus A infection in 2021 and 2023. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of female patients and children over two years of age infected with adenovirus or rotavirus A increased, while the proportion of cases in winter decreased. In addition, we found that the positive rate of rotavirus A infection was related to average temperature and sunshine, and the positive rate of adenovirus and rotavirus A coinfection was only related to sunshine. However, these correlations disappeared during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed the recent prevalence of adenovirus and rotavirus A infections in children with diarrhoea in south-central China and provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of viral diarrhoea.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HBeAg-positive CHB patients with indeterminate phase associated with a high risk of significant fibrosis.","authors":"Yuanyuan Li, Yijia Zhu, Dongmei Gao, Yifan Pan, Jian Wang, Shaoqiu Zhang, Xiaomin Yan, Li Zhu, Chuanwu Zhu, Xingxiang Liu, Zhaoping Zhang, Jie Li, Yuxin Chen, Rui Huang, Chao Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02561-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02561-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risk of liver fibrosis in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with indeterminate phase is not well characterized. We aimed to compare the presence of liver fibrosis in HBeAg-positive CHB patients between indeterminate phase and immune-tolerant phase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-center, retrospective cohort study included 719 treatment-naïve HBeAg-positive CHB patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Patients with HBV DNA > 10⁶ IU/mL were categorized into immune-tolerant phase, whereas those with HBV DNA ≤ 10⁶ IU/mL were classified into indeterminate phase. Significant liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were determined by APRI, FIB-4, transient elastography, or liver biopsy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of patients was 33.0 years and 59.8% of patients were male. 81.5% and 18.5% of patients were in the immune-tolerant phase and indeterminate phase, respectively. The APRI (0.33 vs. 0.27, P < 0.001), FIB-4 (1.07 vs. 0.72, P < 0.001), and liver stiffness values (7.80 kPa vs. 5.65 kPa, P = 0.011) were higher in patients with indeterminate phase than those with immune-tolerant phase. Patients in the indeterminate phase had significantly higher proportions of significant fibrosis (27.1% vs. 11.3%, P < 0.001) and cirrhosis (14.3% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.001) compared to those in the immune-tolerant phase. In the multivariate analysis, indeterminate phase (OR 2.138, 95% CI 1.253, 3.649, P = 0.005) was associated with a higher risk of significant fibrosis, especially for patients aged ≥ 30 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HBeAg-positive CHB patients in the indeterminate phase had more severe liver fibrosis compared to those in the immune-tolerant phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete genome characterization by nanopore sequencing of rotaviruses A, B, and C circulating on large-scale pig farms in Russia.","authors":"Nikita Krasnikov, Alexey Gulyukin, Taras Aliper, Anton Yuzhakov","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02567-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02567-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotaviruses are the major etiological agents of gastroenteritis and diarrheal outbreaks in plenty of mammalian species. The genus Rotavirus is highly diverse and currently comprises nine genetically distinct species, and four of them (A, B, C, and H) are common for humans and pigs. There is a strong necessity to comprehend phylogenetic relationships among rotaviruses from different host species to assess interspecies transmission, specifically between humans and livestock. To reveal the genetic origin of rotaviruses from Russian pig farms, nanopore-based metagenomic sequencing was performed on the PCR-positive specimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples were selected among the cases submitted to routine diagnostic or monitoring studies to the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of \"Federal Scientific Center VIEV\" (Moscow, Russia). The selected positive samples were genotyped using nanopore sequencing method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five porcine RVA isolates were completely sequenced, and genotype analysis revealed various porcine G/P genogroups: G2, G3, G4, G5, G11 and P[6], P[7], P[13], P[23], P[27] with a typical backbone constellation I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1/7-E1-H1. The RVB isolate was detected in combination with RVA in a rectal swab from a diseased pig in Krasnoyarsk Krai. It was characterized by the following genogroups: G15-P[X]-I11-R4-C4-M4-A8-N10-T4-E4-H7. The first complete porcine RVC genome from Russia was obtained with genomic constellation G6-P[5]-I14-R1-C1-M1-A7-N9-T6-E1-H1, and the phylogenetic analysis revealed putative novel genotype group for the VP6 gene-I14. Additionally, the first porcine kobuvirus isolate from Russia was phylogenetically characterized.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The applied nanopore sequencing method successfully genotyped the RV isolates and additionally revealed co-circulated species. The study demonstrates high genetic variability of Russian RVA isolates in VP4/VP7 genes and phylogenetically describes local RVB and RVC. Complete characterization of genomic segments is a crucial methodology in tracing the rotavirus's evolution and evaluating interspecies transmissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag combi test for the detection of HIV infection.","authors":"Chunling Wang, Jie Rao, Zhonggang Fang, Hongwei Zhang, Jun Yin, Tinghua Li, Chen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02565-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02565-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection screening and diagnosis are critical to control the HIV epidemic. Testing for anti-HIV antibodies (Ab) and antigens (Ag) in blood samples is the first step to screen people who have been potentially exposed to the virus. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi for detection of HIV antibodies and antigens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used residual samples to assess the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi retrospectively. All samples that met the test criteria were tested with the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi according to manufacturer's instruction. Results of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi were compared with the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The specificity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi was 99.85% in 5,057 unselected blood donors and 100.00% in 213 hospitalized patient samples, respectively. The sensitivity of the Test in 614 HIV-1 Ab, HIV-1 Ag or HIV-2 Ab positive samples was 100.00%. Seroconversion sensitivity from results of 30 panels was comparable between the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi and the Architect assay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reactivity of the MAGLUMI HIV Ab/Ag Combi test is comparable to the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating SARS-CoV-2-related immunopathology in Crohn's disease: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic challenges.","authors":"Chang-Cyuan Chen, Yu-An Lin, Kuan-Ting Liu, Chun-Yao Huang, Chun-Ming Shih, Yuan-Ti Lee, Jun-Liang Pan, Ai-Wei Lee","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02529-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02529-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only posed major health and economic burdens to international societies but also threatens patients with comorbidities and underlying autoimmune disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) patients. As the vaccinated population is gradually relieved from the stress of the latest omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 due to competent immune responses, the anxiety of CD patients, especially those on immunosuppressive treatment, has not subsided. Whether the use of immunosuppressants for remission of CD outweighs the potential risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has long been discussed. Thus, for the best benefit of CD patients, our primary goal in this study was to navigate the clinical management of CD during the COVID pandemic. Herein, we summarized COVID-19 outcomes of CD patients treated with immunosuppressive agents from multiple cohort studies and also investigated possible mechanisms of how SARS-CoV-2 impacts the host immunity with special consideration of CD patients. We first looked into the SARS-CoV-2-related immunopathology, including lymphocytopenia, T-cell exhaustion, cytokine storms, and their possible molecular interactions, and then focused on mechanistic actions of gastrointestinal systems, including interruption of tryptophan absorption, development of dysbiosis, and consequent local and systemic inflammation. Given challenges in managing CD, we summarized up-to-date clinical and molecular evidence to help physicians adjust therapeutic strategies to achieve the best clinical outcomes for CD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic epidemiology of early SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Bangladesh.","authors":"L Carnegie, J T McCrone, L du Plessis, M Hasan, M Z Ali, R Begum, M Z Hassan, S Islam, M H Rahman, A S M Uddin, M S Sarker, T Das, M Hossain, M Khan, M H Razu, A Akram, S Arina, E Hoque, M M A Molla, T Nafisaa, P Angra, A Rambaut, S T Pullan, K L Osman, M A Hoque, P Biswas, M S Flora, J Raghwani, G Fournié, M A Samad, S C Hill","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02560-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02560-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genomic epidemiology has helped reconstruct the global and regional movement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is still a lack of understanding of SARS-CoV-2 spread in some of the world's least developed countries (LDCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To begin to address this disparity, we studied the transmission dynamics of the virus in Bangladesh during the country's first COVID-19 wave by analysing case reports and whole-genome sequences from all eight divisions of the country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We detected > 50 virus introductions to the country during the period, including during a period of national lockdown. Additionally, through discrete phylogeographic analyses, we identified that geographical distance and population -density and/or -size influenced virus spatial dispersal in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this study expands our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology in Bangladesh, shedding light on crucial transmission characteristics within the country, while also acknowledging resemblances and differences to patterns observed in other nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of linear B cell epitopes on the E146L protein of African swine fever virus with monoclonal antibodies.","authors":"Shu-Jian Zhang, Bei Niu, Shi-Meng Liu, Zhi-Gao Bu, Rong-Hong Hua","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02570-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02570-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The outbreak and spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) have caused considerable economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Currently, to promote the development of effective ASF vaccines, especially subunit vaccines, more antigenic protein targets are urgently needed. In this work, six transmembrane proteins (I329L, E146L, C257L, EP153R, I177L, and F165R) were expressed in mammalian cell lines and screened with pig anti-ASFV serum. It was found that the E146L protein was an immunodominant protein antigen among the six selected proteins. Moreover, the E146L protein induced antibody responses in all immunized pigs. To gain insight into the antigenic characteristics of the E146L protein, three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; 12H12, 15G1, and 15H10) were generated by immunizing BALB/c mice with the purified E146L protein. The epitopes of the mAbs were further finely mapped through a peptide fusion protein expression strategy. Finally, the epitopes of the mAbs were identified as ⁴⁸PDESSIAYMRFRN⁶¹ of the mAb 12H12, ¹³⁸TLTGLQRII¹⁴⁶ of the mAb 15G1, and ³⁰GWSPFKYSKGNT⁴¹ of the mAb 15H10. Furthermore, the epitope of mAb 15H10 was validated as the immunodominant epitope with ASFV-infected pig sera. The chemically synthesized mAb 15H10 epitope peptide (EP1) exhibited the most extensive immunoreactivity with artificially or naturally ASFV-infected pig sera. The epitope 15H10 is located on the surface of the E146L protein and is highly conserved. These findings provide insight into the structure and function of the E146L protein of ASFV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endogenous ZAP is associated with altered Zika virus infection phenotype.","authors":"Nguyen Phuong Khanh Le, Prince Pal Singh, Ahmad Jawad Sabir, Ivan Trus, Uladzimir Karniychuk","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02557-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02557-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The zinc finger antiviral protein 1 (ZAP) has broad antiviral activity. ZAP is an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene, which itself may enhance type I IFN antiviral response. In a previous study, Zika virus was identified as ZAP-resistant and not sensitive to ZAP antiviral activity. Here, we found that ZAP was associated with the inhibition of Zika virus in Vero cells, in the absence of a robust type I IFN system because Vero cells are deficient for IFN-alpha and -beta. Also, quantitative RNA-seq data indicated that endogenous ZAP is associated with altered global gene expression both in the steady state and during Zika virus infection. Further studies are warranted to elucidate this IFN-alpha and -beta independent anti-Zika virus activity and involvement of ZAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}