Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Brain-specific expression of cytomegalovirus immediate early protein 1 disrupts neurodevelopment in mice by inducing neuroinflammation and altering astrocytic metabolism.","authors":"Meng Yu, Xianjuan Zhang, Zhifei Wang, Shan Wang, Jun Li, Huan Huang, Xu Li, Chen Wang, Wen Shen, Weiwei Sun, Jie Yu, Wanming Zhang, Yunyang Wang, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02874-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02874-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the leading cause of neurodevelopmental disorders in children, including nongenetic sensorineural hearing loss. Previous studies have shown that HCMV immediate early 1 (IE1) protein, also known as IE72, contributes to brain maldevelopment. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear due to the strict species specificity of cytomegaloviruses (CMVs), limiting animal model study. In the current study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to construct a transgenic mouse model (Rosa26-LSL-IE1^+/-, Camk2ɑ-Cre) specifically and stably expressing IE1 protein in brain. These transgenic mice exhibited impaired spatial working memory, hippocampal neurodegeneration, and proinflammatory activation of brain microglia and astrocytes. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that IE1 protein upregulated genes linked to metabolism and downregulated genes implicated in nervous system development. Furthermore, IE1 alters the lactate production pathway in astrocytes, thereby reducing the energy supply available to neurons. These findings suggest that long-term IE1 protein expression disrupts neurodevelopment by inducing neuroinflammation and uncoupling neurons from metabolic support by astrocytes. These results provide a clear molecular mechanism for neurodevelopmental disorders in infants with congenital HCMV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling HIV1-host protein-protein interaction networks in patient-derived exosome proteins: impact on pathophysiology and innate immune pathways.","authors":"Noor Fatima, Mirza Sarwar Baig, Aman Haider Rizvi, Alisha Arzoo, Manu Sharma, Md Shahadab, Aditya Arya, Ayan K Das, Vineeta Vijay Batra, Keshar Kunja Mohanty, Md Anzar Alam, Ejaj Ahmad, Shakir Ali, Angamuthu Selvapandiyan, Mairaj Ahmed Ansari","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02717-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02717-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this research is to investigate the pathophysiological progression of HIV from acute infection to chronic immunodeficiency (AIDS) and to understand the host's immunological responses, which are pivotal for elucidating disease aetiology and optimizing antiretroviral therapy (ART). Additionally, the study aims to explore the role of exosomes (40-130 nm bilipid-layered vesicles released by nearly all cell types) as key mediators of intercellular communication in the context of HIV infection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Recent research has uncovered that cells infected with HIV-1 release exosomes carrying a mix of viral and host components such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other metabolites. To decipher the plausible role of exosome-derived proteins in HIV disease progression, the exosomes isolated from HIV patient's serum were subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis to identify exosome-derived human and viral protein sequences. The identified proteins were then investigated, annotated, and explored for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between HIV and the human host's proteins. Earlier experimental efforts focused on identifying PPI networks in host cells or only within the virus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed that out of twelve exosome-derived host proteins identified from HIV-1 patient's samples, only five of the proteins were associated with Toll-like receptors (TLR), inflammasome-activation, inhibition of apoptosis, innate immune response modulation, and autophagy pathways. In the TLR pathway, CDH5, ENO1, OGT, TJP1, and TRAF6 exosome-derived host proteins participated in regulation. Notably, CDH5, ENO1, OGT, and TRAF6 were shared among these pathways, BioGRID version 4.4 showed that HIV-1 Gag, Gag-pol, Env, and Nef proteins interact with 196, 162, 158, and 80 human proteins, respectively, associated with different innate immune response pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings are a step ahead in comprehending the pathophysiology of HIV1 and the innate immune response pathways, providing excellent opportunities to explore further exosome-based biomarkers for theranostic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on immunogenicity of recombinant ferritin hemagglutinin of canine distemper virus.","authors":"Dongyu Liu, Bing Liu, Jinling Guo, Yanan Zhao, Dandan Yang, Yudie Zhang, Congmei Wu, Yuhe Yin","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02802-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02802-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin protein (H), as one of the surface glycoproteins of the virus, helps attach the virus to the host cell through its interaction with cell receptors, makes hemagglutinin protein a key target for the development of neutralizing antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, H protein sequences were analyzed by conservation analysis and prediction of multiple immune cell epitopes, three possible epitope sequences were identified. The epitopes were ligated to Ferritin vector with linkers to construct pET30a-Ferritin-Hemagglutinin-Canine distemper virus (FHCDV). pET30a-FHCDV was transfected into E.coli BL21, the expressed protein was extracted by nickel column affinity chromatography and dialysis concentration. Evaluate vaccine efficacy through nasal mucosal and muscular administration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The best expression conditions of FHCDV in E. coli transfected with pET30a-FHCDV were 25 °C and 1 mM Isopropyl β-D-1-Thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The results of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and Non-denaturing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (Native-PAGE)showed that the purity of purified FHCDV was about 95% and had capable of self-assembly. The results of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) characterization showed the recombinant protein FHCDV self-assembly into tetrameric caged nanoparticles with a diameter of 16.56 nm. Significant secreted IgA (sIgA) was generated in BALB/C female mice with nasal mucosal immunization. The titers of sIgA antibodies against FHCDV in nasal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were about 1865 ng/ml and 3943 ng/ml. FHCDV was used as an intramuscular vaccination to inject BALB/C female mice with aluminium adjuvant (Al), Oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG), and polyethyleneimine (PEI) respectively. All immunization groups produced distinct antibodies against the antigenic epitopes of FHCDV. The antibody titer of FHCDV group was 1.28 × 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, that of Ferritin-Hemagglutinin- Canine distemper virus + aluminium adjuvant (FHCDV + Al) group was 5.12 × 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ferritin-Hemagglutinin- Canine distemper virus + Oligodeoxynucleotide (FHCDV + CpG) group was 1.28 × 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, and Ferritin-Hemagglutinin- Canine distemper virus + polyethyleneimine (FHCDV + PEI) group was 2.56 × 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;. The results of cytokine assays showed that FHCDV generated a Th1 immune response. Immunoaffinity protein serum exhibited varying degrees of neutralizing activity against Canine distemper virus-11(CDV-11); ID&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of FHCDV groups was 39.8, that of FHCDV + Al groups was 106.7, FHCDV + CpG groups was 58.7, and FHCDV + PEI groups was 55.4. FHCDV did not cause damage to mouse organs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These results indicate that self-assembled multi-epitope FHCDV nano vaccines elicit effective immune responses with a favorable safety pr","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices for hepatitis B and C virus infection among patients in the North Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Yideg Abinew, Gebre Ayanaw Alula, Sefinew Gebeyehu, Jemberu Chane","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02843-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02843-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatitis is an infection of liver tissue that results in extensive liver scarring, liver failure, liver cancer, and death. An individual's knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices toward hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection are vital for controlling their adverse health impacts. Our study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices (KAPs) and associated factors among patients in the North Gondar Zone toward hepatitis B and C virus infection.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2023 among 383 randomly selected patients visiting Debark and Janamora Hospitals in the North Gondar Zone. Data on KAP related to hepatitis B and C viruses among patients were collected by interviewing participants via pretested and well-structured questionnaires. Bivariate (P value less than 0.25) and multivariate (P- value less than 0.05) logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with KAP levels among patients attending Debark and Janamora hospitals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 208 (54.3%) of participants had good knowledge, 203 (53%) had poor attitudes, and 210 (54.8%) had poor prevention practices. Educational level and hospital admission history were significantly associated with knowledge; residence and educational level were significantly associated with attitudes; and only study participants' attitudes were significantly associated with prevention practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A large number of patients included in our study had poor attitudes and prevention practices toward the hepatitis B and C viruses. Therefore, intervention strategies such as community-based education on attitude improvement and prevention practices should be planned and implemented by the local health bureau to overcome morbidity and mortality due to HBV and HCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and profiling of novel metagenome assembled uncultivated virus genomes from human gut.","authors":"Kanchan Bhardwaj, Niharika, Anjali Garg, Aakriti Jain, Manish Kumar, Manish Datt, Vijay Singh, Sudhanshu Vrati","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02739-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02739-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metagenomics has revealed an unprecedented viral diversity in human gut although, most of the sequence data remains uncharacterized. In this study, we mined a collection of 1090 metagenome assembled \"high quality\" viral genomes (> 90% completeness, as determined by CheckV) derived from human fecal samples. Sequence analysis revealed eight new species spanning seven genera within the class, Caudoviricetes and nineteen new species from fourteen genera within the ssDNA virus family, Microviridae. Additionally, four \"high quality\" genomes were not found in any of the four major viral databases, NCBI viral RefSeq, IMG-VR, Gut Phage Database (GPD) and Gut Virome Database (GVD). Further, annotation and KEGG pathway analysis of the \"high-quality\" genomes identified seven core genes (antB, dnaB, DNMT1, DUT, xlyAB, xtmB and xtmA) associated with metabolism and fundamental viral processes. Moreover, genes for virulence, host-takeover, drug resistance, tRNA, tmRNA and CRISPR elements were also detected. Host prediction analysis suggest bacterial hosts for approximately 40% of the genomes. Overall, this study reports the discovery of novel viral genomes and provides a comprehensive genome profiling of human gut viruses in a subpopulation from India. These findings serve as a foundation for future biological investigations to elucidate the role of these viruses in host physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclosporin A alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus-induced chronic pulmonary inflammation through decreasing IFN-γ-producing T lymphocytes.","authors":"Wenbin Ding, Xin Zhao, Zhengyang Lin, Mengxi Luo, Nanshan Zhong, Kefang Lai, Zheng Deng","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02887-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02887-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza causes 3-5 million severe cases globally each year, with severe viral pneumonia often requiring hospitalization for over four weeks. While the inflammatory response to influenza infection helps control viral replication, excessive inflammation is a key driver of disease severity and mortality. Excessive pulmonary lymphocytes, particularly IFN-γ-producing T lymphocytes, contribute significantly to pulmonary inflammation at the late-stage of H1N1 viral infection. Cyclosporin A, a potent T-cell inhibitor, mitigates influenza A virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. However, the therapeutic role of lymphocyte suppression in cyclosporin A-mediated attenuation of H1N1 virus-induced chronic pulmonary inflammation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the viral titer was 0 in all the homogenized lung tissues of mice on Day-21 post a sublethal H1N1 viral infection. H1N1 viral infection caused worsened general condition and pulmonary inflammation with the infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils on Day-21 post-infection. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of H1N1 virus-infected mice showed a 16-fold higher lymphocyte count compared to neutrophils. H1N1 viral infection significantly elevated both IFN-γ-producing T lymphocyte populations and IFN-γ levels in mouse lungs. H1N1 viral infection additionally expanded IFN-γ-producing T lymphocyte populations in both spleen and peripheral blood. Cyclosporin A treatment significantly mitigated H1N1 viral infection-induced worsened general condition, pulmonary lymphocytic inflammation, increases of pulmonary IFN-γ concentrations and IFN-γ-producing T lymphocytes in the lung, spleen and blood of mice on Day-21 post-infection. Together, lymphocytes may contribute significantly to H1N1 virus-induced chronic pulmonary inflammation. Cyclosporin A may alleviate H1N1 virus-induced chronic pulmonary inflammation through decreasing IFN-γ-producing T lymphocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humoral and cellular immune response to a single dose of a novel bivalent recombinant adenovirus-vector vaccine against West Nile virus and chikungunya virus in mice.","authors":"Shu Chang, Guo Xiaojuan, Han Xiaotian, Li Mengzhe, Zhai Chengcheng, Bing Jialuo, Jin Liye, Jiang Yujie, Li Jia, Wang Tangqi, Qi Zhenyong, Zhai Desheng, Deng Yao, Lu Zhuozhuang, Tan Wenjie","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02878-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02878-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>West Nile virus (WNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are zoonotic pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes, which cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Currently, no human vaccine is available against both WNV and CHIKV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we developed a novel bivalent recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-based vaccine, designated Ad5-WNV-CHIKV, which encodes WNV prM-E and CHIKV E3-E2-6 K-E1 antigens. The expression of the target antigens for WNV and CHIKV was validated through western blotting and an immunofluorescence assay. We subsequently assessed the humoral and cellular immune response in C57BL/6 mice following intramuscular administration of a single dose of Ad5-WNV-CHIKV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both low-dose (2 × 10⁸ viral particles [vp] per mouse) and high-dose (1 × 10⁹ vp per mouse) administration of Ad5-WNV-CHIKV elicited robust immune responses against the viral targets, with specific immunoglobulin G production against WNV-E, CHIKV E1, and CHIKV E2 proteins, and generation of neutralizing antibodies against WNV and CHIKV, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the vaccine induced strong cellular immunity, characterized by multifunctional antigen-reactive CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell populations, as determined by ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A single dose of the bivalent Ad5-WNV-CHIKV vaccine induced strong neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses against both WNV and CHIKV in mice. These findings provide a foundation for the development of vaccines targeting WNV and CHIKV. A single dose of vaccine could potentially prevent both diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles and kinetics of PgRNA and clinical characteristics in pregnant, postpartum, and non-pregnant women with chronic HBV infection.","authors":"Genju Wang, Yandan Wu, Ziyue Zhang, Qiuchen Wu, Juan Tang, Ying Ji, Yan Wang, Guanlun Zhou, Minmin Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02871-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02871-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) has been utilized as an early predictive marker for antiviral therapy, an indicator for the emergence of drug resistance in hepatitis B virus (HBV), or a marker for safe discontinuation of nucleoside analog therapy. However, its role during pregnancy has rarely been reported. We aimed to evaluate the pgRNA profiles and its dynamic changes among pregnant, postpartum, and non-pregnant women with chronic HBV infection (CHB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a study involving 479 women with CHB, including 235 during pregnancy, 90 postpartum, and 154 non-pregnant women of childbearing age. pgRNA was detected using the HBV-SAT method. Additionally, we followed up 39 women in mid-pregnancy, 21 in late pregnancy, 20 within 0-3 months postpartum, and 20 non-pregnant women of childbearing age with different treatment regimens for two times.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in clinical indicators such as HBV DNA, ALT, AST, and pgRNA among CHB women during pregnancy, postpartum, and non-pregnant periods. Pregnant and postpartum women with positive pgRNA had higher levels of DNA, HBeAg, HBsAg, and ALT. Moreover, the detection rates of pgRNA, DNA, and HBeAg varied significantly across the three stages and different treatment regimens in CHB women. pgRNA was highly correlated with HBeAg, and a moderate correlation was found between pgRNA and HBV DNA levels. This study also revealed the patterns of viral activity changes during pregnancy and postpartum, and the first three months postpartum represent a critical period for viral activity changes. This unique immune adjustment phase may offer new opportunities for the treatment of hepatitis B.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHB women have different pgRNA and clinical characteristics during pregnancy, postpartum, and the non-pregnant childbearing period.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12285029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular DNA, hyaluronic acid, HIF pathways, and LncRNAs as predictive biomarkers of severe COVID-19.","authors":"Evgen Dubrovskyi, Tetiana Drevytska, Alla Portnychenko, Victor Dosenko, Iryna Halabitska, Pavlo Petakh, Denis E Kainov, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02886-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02886-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical course of COVID-19 ranges from mild symptoms to severe complications, and common laboratory markers such as D-dimer, ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) often do not accurately predict which patients will develop severe disease. In this study, we reviewed current literature and analyzed additional data to assess emerging biomarkers that may help identify high-risk cases earlier. These include circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) produced during neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis), hyaluronic acid (HA), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) isoforms, and related long non-coding RNAs such as HAS2-AS1 and HIF1-AS1. Increased levels of cfDNA/NETs, HA, and elevated expression of HIF isoforms and their lncRNAs are closely associated with key features of severe COVID-19, including immune-related blood clotting, low oxygen levels, vascular damage, and chronic inflammation. These biomarkers show promise for use in risk assessment tools that could support earlier clinical decisions and improve outcomes in patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic characteristics in orthoflaviviral infections: unveiling pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.","authors":"Zhiwei Su, Ningze Sun, Xiaoyan Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02888-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02888-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections caused by mosquito-borne viruses such as Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) have become a global public health issue. However, due to the unclear pathogenic mechanisms, there are currently no specific treatments available for patients infected with these orthoflaviviruses in clinical practice. Metabolomics provides distinct advantages for characterizing infection features and deciphering disease pathogenesis. Therefore, this review summarizes relevant literature on mosquito-borne viruses metabolomics, with a particular focus on elucidating the metabolic characteristics of cells infected by orthoflaviviruses. By conducting a comparative analysis of the metabolomics data from different sample sources infected with DENV, ZIKV, and JEV, we found that several metabolic pathways involved in viral infection, replication, and pathogenesis are commonly disrupted in the metabolomics data of these orthoflaviviruses. These pathways include the reprogramming of lipid metabolism, interference with energy metabolism, and the induction of host inflammatory responses. These findings identify key targets for subsequent mechanistic studies on the persistent replication and transmission of orthoflaviviruses in mosquito vectors and their ability to cause severe pathology in human hosts. Further elucidations of the above mechanisms could provide an effective scheme for preventing orthoflaviviral transmission in mosquito vectors and treating orthoflaviviral infections. In addition, studying these metabolomic changes in human hosts of orthoflaviviral infections may be able to provide relevant biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}