Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Selection and identification of an ssDNA aptamer against influenza B virus hemagglutinin protein.","authors":"Xing Lu, Weifeng Li, Ping Li, Yongqiang Li, Yanni Gou, Tao Wang, Zhifeng Liu, Yuting Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02657-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02657-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The influenza virus causes infectious respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Influenza B typically goes unnoticed owing to its mild clinical symptoms and limitations. However, its increasing prevalence in recent years poses a significant health burden. Consequently, current diagnostic methods for the detection of influenza B virus are inadequate, highlighting the urgent need to develop accurate and sensitive techniques for early disease diagnosis. Aptamers, single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA), or ribonucleic acid molecules primarily rely on their secondary structures, such as stem-loops and hairpins, to bind efficiently and specifically to the target through base complementary pairing, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. Aptamers are superior to antibodies in their ability to bind targets. The objective of this study was to identify and develop aptamers against the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza B virus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An enriched DNA library with strong binding to the influenza B virus HA protein was obtained using magnetic bead systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology after nine rounds of selection. Five candidate aptamers were identified by high-throughput sequencing. The aptamers were characterized using surface plasmon resonance and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, and the aptamer exhibiting the highest affinity and specificity for the target protein was selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened and characterized five ssDNA aptamer sequences that bind to influenza B virus HA. Among these, aptamer sequence A573 exhibited the highest sensitivity and binding affinity for the target protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The novel aptamer sequences selected in this study have the potential to be used as biorecognition molecules for the development of aptamer sensors to detect influenza B virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A TaqMan probe-based multiplex real-time quantitative pcr for simultaneous detection of kobuvirus, parechovirus B, rosavirus B, and hunnivirus carried by murine rodents and shrews.","authors":"Shunchang Fan, Minyi Zhang, Yucheng Li, Jingli Tian, Juxian Xian, Qing Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02671-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02671-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Picornaviruses, common infectious agents in humans and various animal species, pose significant health threats. Conventional monoplex PCR is widely employed in laboratory diagnostics but is relatively time-intensive and laborious.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we developed a multiplex TaqMan probe-based real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection of kobuvirus, parechovirus B, rosavirus B and hunnivirus in murine rodent and shrew samples. The approach demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, with detection limits of 1 × 10² copies/µL for kobuvirus, parechovirus B, and rosavirus B, and 50 copies/µL for hunnivirus. Evaluation using 149 clinical samples showed strong concordance with conventional PCR methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work developed an effective multiplex qPCR method for the simultaneous detection of emerging picornaviruses particularly in rodents, including kobuvirus, parechovirus B, rosavirus B, and hunnivirus. Our findings contribute valuable insights into the monitoring and prevention of zoonotic diseases associated with these pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral treatment for viral pneumonia: current drugs and natural compounds.","authors":"Hao Zhang, Chunxia Ge, David Fisher, Nguyen Thi Thu Hien, Erkin Musabaev, Khrystyna Pronyuk, Yin Xia, Zhide Zhu, Yan Wang, Yiping Dang, Lei Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02666-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02666-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, viral pneumonia has become a significant challenge to global public health, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Viral pneumonia can be caused by various viruses, including influenza virus, RSV, and adenovirus. These viruses trigger inflammatory responses by invading the respiratory epithelial cells, leading to lung damage. Existing antiviral drugs such as ribavirin, adobiravir, and oseltamivir exert their therapeutic effects by inhibiting different stages of the viral life cycle but face issues such as increasing drug resistance. Natural components like astragalus saponins, Houttuynia cordata flavonoids, and tea theaflavin-gallates have demonstrated supportive roles in antiviral treatments, capable of not only enhancing immune responses but also potentially inhibiting viral replication through multiple pathways, thereby alleviating lung damage. Although natural components cannot entirely replace traditional antiviral drugs, their role in comprehensive treatment regimens is becoming increasingly important. This review summarizes the current applications and limitations of antiviral drugs and explores the research progress and potential mechanisms of natural components in the treatment of viral pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Aloe-emodin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by promoting apoptosis via regulating NF-κB signaling pathway.","authors":"Yizhuo Luo, Yunlong Yang, Wenru Wang, Qi Gao, Ting Gong, Yongzhi Feng, Dongdong Wu, Xiaoyu Zheng, Guihong Zhang, Heng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02676-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02676-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and antigenic characteristics of genotype VII.1.1 Newcastle disease viruses currently circulating in Ethiopian chickens.","authors":"Berihun Dires Mihiretu, Tatsufumi Usui, Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa, Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02686-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02686-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a causative agent of Newcastle disease (ND), a major infectious poultry disease associated with significant economic losses. Vaccination is usually effective at preventing the disease. However, in Ethiopia, ND is commonly detected in both unvaccinated and vaccinated chickens. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of NDV isolated from both vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens, as well as to compare the antigenicity of the isolates with vaccine strains and genotyping by using the F-gene sequence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The partial F gene sequences of all isolates and the mean death times (MDTs) of representative isolates were used to determine genotype and pathogenicity of the isolates. Antigenicities were assayed with the hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) tests using antiserum against the vaccine Hitchner B1 (HB1), which is the most commonly used NDV vaccine in Ethiopia. Thermostability was evaluated by incubating infected allantoic fluid at 56 °C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 231 samples tested, 10.8% (25/231) were positive for virus isolation. The F gene cleavage sites of all 25 isolates had ¹¹²RRQKRF¹¹⁷, a characteristic of virulent NDVs. The MDTs of representative isolates were less than 60 h, indicating highly virulent (velogenic) pathotypes. The HI test revealed significant differences between our isolates and the HB1 vaccine strain, but the VN test showed no antigenic difference. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial F gene sequences showed that all the isolates belonged to sub-genotype VII.1.1 of genotype VII, which is closely related to NDV strains from the Middle East and Eritrea. Thermostability test showed two of the 25 isolates were thermostable.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although the HI test indicates antigenic differences between the velogenic Ethiopian isolates and the HB1 vaccine, the VN test showed that the vaccine could protect infections with these isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all studied isolates belong to sub-genotype VII.1.1 of genotype VII, diverging from previously reported genotype XXI in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Ethiopia, NDV genotype VII 1.1 is widely distributed. Since these viruses showed the same antigenicity as the HB1 vaccine in VN test, the occurrence of ND in vaccinated chickens may be due to vaccine failure caused by inadequate management or immunosuppression due to other infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and analysis of female HPV infection and genotype distribution in Xuhui District, Shanghai.","authors":"Han Liu, Mingming Jiang, Jiaying Wu, Yue Dai, Minyi Xu, Lei Wang, Muyuan Ji","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02663-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02663-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In China, Cervical cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in females, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is one of its main causative factors. However, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates may vary significantly among patients of different ages and HPV subtypes. This study aims to provide insights into developing cervical cancer screening strategies and selecting HPV vaccine antigen targets in the area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the HPV testing results of 47,423 women from January 2017 to April 2023 at the Clinical Laboratory of the Eighth People's Hospital in Shanghai. HPV DNA genotyping was performed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the molecular laboratory. Statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software. Binomial distribution analysis was used to calculate the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and the chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables among different age groups, with a p-value of less than 0.05 indicating statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 47,423 cervical HPV DNA test results, the overall infection rate was 18.9%, with single infections accounting for 13.93%, dual infections for 3.47%, and multiple infections for 1.5%. The age-specific prevalence of HPV infection exhibited a \"U\"-shaped curve, with the highest infection rates observed in the age groups under 30 and between 50 and 59 years. The five most common HR-HPV subtypes in Xuhui District were types 16, 39, 51, 52, 56, and 58 (accounting for 10.3%, 7%, 8%, 20.3%, 6%, and 12%, respectively), with type 52 showing the highest infection rate. The prevalence of moderate/severe HPV infection rates in the HPV 59, HPV 33, and HPV 35 gene subtypes increased over time, highlighting the importance of monitoring these subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified the primary HR-HPV genotypes prevalent among females in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and explored correlations between age, genotype, and HPV infection rates. While the findings provide a basis for recommending HPV screening for younger and older age groups, further studies integrating clinical outcomes such as cytological and pathological results are necessary to substantiate these conclusions and refine screening strategies. Due to variations in HPV trends globally and regional differences in genotypes, epidemiological analysis of HPV can accurately and visually reflect the distribution of specific HPV genotypes in a particular area, thereby aiding in the development of regional cervical cancer screening strategies and the selection of HPV vaccine antigen targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique skin nodules following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report of cutaneous plasmacytosis and review of the literature.","authors":"Xiaoxi Xu, Wuwu Ding, Haizhen Song, Dong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02653-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02653-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare disorder that may affect two or more organ systems, such as skin, lymph nodes or lungs. The pathogenesis of CP remains unknown, and in most cases, the condition follows a chronic and benign clinical course without spontaneous remission.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 50-year-old male who developed necrotizing skin nodules without other systemic abnormalities four days after the first doses of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Oral prednisone improved the lesions by approximately 70%. However, signs of CP recurrence manifested 15 days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Ultimately, the patient experienced spontaneous remission after contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case uniquely associates COVID-19 inactivated vaccine with CP, where the same lesions appeared after two vaccinations and subsequently resolved following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This provides valuable clinical data for future studies on viral infections and cutaneous B-cell immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of IgE antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein across different disease severity COVID19 groups.","authors":"Juan Francisco Delgado de la Poza, Albert Rodrigo Parés, Isabel Aparicio-Calvente, Indira Bhambi Blanco, Jordi Gratacòs Masmitjà, Antoni Berenguer-Llergo, Joan Calvet Fontova","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02677-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02677-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 appears to have a progression of three stages. The latter stage is characterized by a high level of cytokine release, which in turn triggers an uncontrolled reaction known as cytokine storm where mast cells are involved. The presence of anti-IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in this phase has been previously reported, suggesting an association with the severity of the disease. Our study aims to assess the prognostic significance of IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of clinical presentations, including individual with mild symptoms, hospitalized patients, and those who presented a critical progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 64 patients distributed into the following groups: 22 critically ill hospitalized individuals (Critical); 21 non-critical hospitalized patients (Severe); 21 mild symptomatic non-hospitalized cases (Mild); and 22 healthy blood donors with samples collected in October 2019. Anti-IgE antibodies against Spike (S) protein were detected using a homemade ELISA, where the plate was sensitized with the RBD of recombinant S protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 64 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, 28.1% tested positive for IgE isotype antibodies against S protein RBD, whose prevalence was similar across severity groups: Mild 23.8%, Severe 28.6%, and Critical 31.8% (p = 0.842). Patients with IgE response exhibited higher levels of LDH compared to non-IgE responders, with a 40% increase (p = 0.037), and a non-significantly higher tendency in other inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In SARS-CoV-2 infection, roughly a fourth of patients presented an IgE isotype response, regardless of disease severity, which is associated with higher levels of LDH.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycophenolate mofetil exerts broad-spectrum antiviral activity against coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Mengyuan Wu, Kun Wang, Huiqiang Wang, Haiyan Yan, Shuo Wu, Ge Yang, Yuhuan Li, Yongsheng Che, Jiandong Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02673-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02673-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>New anti-coronavirus drugs are continuously being developed to address the serious long-term challenge posed by numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants. The clinical immunosuppressants mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) have been reported to have anti-coronavirus activities. However, systematic studies have not been conducted to evaluate their activities and mechanisms against pan-coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antiviral effect of MMF and MPA was determined by qRT-PCR assay, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assay. The IMPDH inhibition effect of MMF was determined by cellular thermal shift assay and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that MMF and MPA had broad-spectrum inhibitory effect against coronavirus, including HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain and its variants. In terms of characteristics, MMF acted in the early stages of viral infection and inhibited viral replication by blocking purine nucleotide synthesis through interaction with inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Therefore, the antiviral effect of MMF can be reversed by exogenous guanosine. Additionally, MMF in combination with molnupiravir, GC376 or E64d showed synergistic antiviral effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MMF and MPA exerted broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus effects by inhibiting IMPDH activity. MMF had a synergistic antiviral effect when combined with other drugs, showing its potential clinical antiviral applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of fMGyn-Pae01, a phiKZ-like jumbo phage infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Kira Ranta, Mikael Skurnik, Saija Kiljunen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-025-02679-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-025-02679-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide variety of infections, and belongs to the group of ESKAPE pathogens that are the leading cause of healthcare-associated infections and have high level of antibiotic resistance. The treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa is challenging, which makes it a common target for phage therapy. The successful utilization of phage therapy requires a collection of well characterized phages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Phage fMGyn-Pae01 was isolated from a commercial phage therapy cocktail. The phage morphology was studied by transmission electron microscopy and the host range was analyzed with a liquid culture method. The phage genome was sequenced and characterized, and the genome was compared to closest phage genomes. Phage resistant bacterial mutants were isolated and whole genome sequencing and motility, phage adsorption and biofilm formation assays were performed to the mutants and host bacterium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The genomic analysis revealed that fMGyn-Pae01 is a lytic, phiKZ-like jumbo phage with genome size of 277.8 kb. No genes associated with lysogeny, bacterial virulence, or antibiotic resistance were identified. Phage fMGyn-Pae01 did not reduce biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa, suggesting that it may not be an optimal phage to be used in monophage therapy in conditions where biofilm formation is expected. Host range screening revealed that fMGyn-Pae01 has a wide host range among P. aeruginosa strains and its infection was not dependent on O-serotype. Whole genome sequencing of the host bacterium and phage resistant mutants revealed that the mutations had inactivated either a flagellar or rpoN gene, thereby preventing the biosynthesis of a functional flagellum. The lack of functional flagella was confirmed in motility assays. Additionally, fMGyn-Pae01 failed to adsorb on non-motile mutants indicating that the bacterial flagellum is the phage-binding receptor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>fMGyn-Pae01 is a phiKZ-like jumbo phage infecting P. aeruginosa. fMGyn-Pae01 uses the flagellum as its phage-binding receptor, supporting earlier suggestions that flagellum might be utilized by phiKZ but differs from some other previous findings showing that phiKZ-like phages use the type-IV pili as the phage-binding receptor.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}