Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Current knowledge on the epidemiology and detection methods of hepatitis E virus in China.","authors":"Bo-Fang Duan, Yuan Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02576-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02576-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis E is recognized as a significant zoonotic disease burden in China, with the hepatitis E virus (HEV) identified as the etiological agent responsible for this disease. HEV exhibits no specific host tropism, which facilitates its transmission among various mammalian species, including humans, pigs, cattle, goats, and others. Currently, the availability of effective therapeutic agents and vaccines for HEV infection is limited. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of HEV, and the existing detection methods, is crucial for disease prevention and control. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on HEV in China, mainly focusing on detection strategies, molecular characteristics, and the prevalence of this pathogen in the human population and other susceptible species. This review will be useful to enhance public awareness of HEV and to accelerate disease control efforts in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic surveillance and evolutionary dynamics of influenza a virus in Sri Lanka.","authors":"Tibutius Thanesh Pramanayagam Jayadas, Chandima Jeewandara, Bhagya Senadheera, Heshan Kuruppu, Rivindu Wickramanayake, Padukkage Harshani Chathurangika, Nushara Senatilleke, Navanjana Warnakulasuriya, Farha Bary, Ananda Wijewickrama, Suranga Manilgama, Manouri Gamage, Nilanka Perera, Graham S Ogg, Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02555-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02555-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza A has been named as a priority pathogen by the WHO due to the potential to cause pandemics. Genomic sequencing of influenza strains is important to understand the evolution of the influenza strains and also to select the appropriate influenza vaccines to be used in the different influenza seasons in Sri Lanka. Therefore, we sought to understand the molecular epidemiology of the influenza viruses in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, including mutational analysis to investigate the evolutionary dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 349 individuals presenting with fever and respiratory symptoms were enrolled in this study from November 2022 to May 2024. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens were collected and screened using quantitative PCR to detect Influenza A, Influenza B, and SARS-CoV-2. Subtyping and genomic sequencing was carried out on influenza A strains using Oxford Nanopore Technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Influenza A was detected in 49 (14%) patients, influenza B in 20 (5.7%) and SARS-CoV-2 in 41 (11.7%). Co-infections were observed in five participants. The phylogenetic analysis assigned the H1N1 HA gene sequences within the 6B.1 A.5a.2a clade. The HA gene of the H1N1 sequences in 2023 were assigned as belonging to the subclades C.1, C.1.2, and C.1.8, while the 2024 sequences were assigned to subclades C.1.8 and C.1.9. The H3N2 sequences from 2023 were assigned to the 3 C.2a1b.2a.2a.1b clade and subclade G.1.1.2, while the 2024 sequences were assigned to the 3 C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1 clade and subclade J.2. The K54Q, A186T, Q189E, E224A, R259K, K308R, I418V, and X215A amino acid substitutions were seen in the H1N1 in the 2023 and 2024 sequences. The 2024 H1N1 sequences additionally exhibited further substitutions, such as V47I, I96T, T120A, A139D, G339X, K156X, and T278S.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this first study using genomic sequencing to characterize the influenza A strains in Sri Lanka, which showed different influenza A viruses circulating in an 18-month period. As the Sri Lankan strains also had certain mutations of unknown significance, it would be important to continue detailed surveillance of the influenza strains in Sri Lanka to choose the most suitable vaccines for the population and the timing of vaccine administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tropism of adeno-associated virus serotypes in mouse lungs via intratracheal instillation.","authors":"Haoyu Wu, Ailing Zhao, Ye Bu, Weiping Yang, Lang He, Yujian Zhong, Dong Yao, Huapeng Li, Wenguang Yin","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02575-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02575-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gene therapy holds great potential for treating various acquired and inherited pulmonary diseases. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have been thought to be primary candidates for gene delivery in patients with pulmonary diseases. However, the tropism of AAVs in the lungs remains largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we investigate the tropism of twenty serotypes of AAVs by examining AAV-packed vector expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in mice. AAV1, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV6.2, AAV-PHP.B, and AAV-PHP.S exhibit high transduction rates in the airway epithelium. AAV1, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, and AAV6.2 highly infect club cells. AAV1, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV6.2, and AAV-PHP.B efficiently infect ciliated cells. AAV8 and AAVrh10 can infect a few alveolar type I cells. AAV1, AAV5, AAV6, AAV6.2, AAV9, and AAVie can infect alveolar type II cells. AAV1, AAV5, AAVie, AAV-PHP.B, AAV-PHP.eB, and AAV-PHP.S can infect a few endothelial cells. However, none of these AAVs can efficiently infect neuroendocrine or smooth muscle cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide comprehensive information about the tropism of AAVs in pulmonary epithelium in mice, which might be helpful in developing efficient AAV-mediated gene therapy strategies for pulmonary disease treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the clinical characteristics, persistent infection capability and viral load of human papillomavirus type 26 single infection.","authors":"Zuyi Chen, Xiaoyang Li, Di Tian, Jingchi Liu, Xia Bai, Tingting Feng, Shiqi Chen, Lin Chen, Qiongyao Li","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02582-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02582-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Different types of HPV have varying carcinogenic capabilities, and viral load is one of the key indicators of pathogenicity. Currently, there is a lack of clinical data on HPV26. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with HPV26 single infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exfoliated cervical cells were collected for HPV genotyping from women who attended gynecological outpatient clinics or physical examinations. The clinical characteristics of HPV26 single infections in both cross-sectional and follow-up studies were examined, and the association of viral load with HPV26 persistent infection and pathogenicity was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HPV26 positive rate among women visiting hospitals for gynecological medical consultation or physical examination was approximately 0.09% (379/435,072). Among the HPV types tested, the detection rate of HPV26 was 0.37% (379/103,608). In the cross-sectional histopathological study of 101 patients with HPV26 single infection, 62.37% (63/101) presented lesion-free. The numbers of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, CIN2, and CIN3 were 25, eight, and five, respectively. Cervical cancer was not detected in any patient. 71 patients attended follow-up examinations as well as HPV26 retesting up to two years, during which, 28.57% (6/21) of CIN1 patients have developed into high-grade lesions, and 9.61% (5/52) of lesion-free patients have progressed to CIN stage. The viral load in the CIN group was significantly higher than that in the lesion-free group (p = 0.012). Similarly, the viral load in the persistent infection group was significantly higher than that in the viral-clearance group (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pathogenicity of single HPV26 infections is moderate among high-risk types, warranting the inclusion of HPV26 in expanded screening for HPV. High viral load is an important factor in the persistent infection and pathogenicity of HPV26. Viral load is expected to serve as a screening risk factor for persistent infection and disease progression associated with HPV26.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of Omicron infection and vaccine acceptance among pediatric liver transplant recipients: insights from a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Zhigang Zheng, Yefeng Lu, Huimin Wu, Pui U Lam, Xiaowei Sun, Yanyan Song, Hao Ji, Yi Luo, Tao Zhou, Mingxuan Feng, Ping Wan, Jianjun Zhu, Peiying Li, Jun Deng, Nan Shen, Qing Cao, Ji Liang, Qiang Xia, Feng Xue","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02531-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02531-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of Omicron infection in pediatric liver transplant recipients (PLTRs), after the national COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally, we will investigate changes in vaccine coverage and parental attitudes towards vaccinating their children after this current outbreak.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey to gather information on Omicron infection, vaccination status, and guardian attitude among PLTRs. Besides, utilized valid questionnaire and long-term follow-up information processing techniques, and performed statistical analysis of relevant parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>528 valid questionnaires were collected, among which, 251 responses replied Omicron infection status. The Omicron infection rate in Chinese PLTRs was 56.2% (141/251), similar to the report in the normal population (around 60%). 99.3% of infected PLTRs presented mild symptoms, mostly with fever (78.0%), followed by Cough (76.6%), with a mean RTPCR conversion time of 7 days; the overall PLTRs' vaccination rate in this study was 13.3%, similar to that of our previous study (9.4%). Besides, we found no significant differences of either infection rate or clinical symptoms between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Moreover, the study showed 61.6% of guardians supported COVID-19 inoculation despite the outbreak of Omicron status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The symptoms of Omicron infection in Chinese PLTRs were relatively mild, vaccine immunization had a limited effect on PLTRs' defense against Omicron infection, besides, their guardians supported the inoculation policy with a caution.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://www.chictr.org.cn , identifier ChiCTR2200055968.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen isolation and traceability analysis of a fatal case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infectious encephalitis in China.","authors":"Rongjiao Liu, Fangling He, Shengbao Chen, Juan Wang, Chan Yang, Zhifei Zhan, Yaru Xiong, Liang Cai","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02564-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02564-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The initial clinical symptoms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) mainly include high fever, thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms, and severe patients may suffer from severe complications such as multiple organ failure, which can lead to death. Studies have shown that central nervous system symptoms are associated with severe adverse outcomes of SFTS, but there are few reports on confirmed cases of SFTS encephalitis. This is a special case in which her initial SFTS symptoms were atypical, while the disease deteriorated rapidly after the appearance of encephalitis. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and epidemiological features of this case, isolate and trace the SFTS virus (SFTSV) strain, identify the genotype of the strain, and speculate on the infection route to provide an important reference for the diagnosis and control of SFTSV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were collected, multipathogen detection was performed via next-generation sequencing (NGS), and SFTSV virus isolation was performed via inoculation of the samples with Vero cells. The serum of key populations closed to patients, parasitic ticks on the surface of domestic animal bodies and environmentally free ticks were collected for SFTSV monitoring. The whole genomes of the virus strains and positive nucleic acid samples were sequenced and compared with the GenBank reference sequence to construct a phylogenetic analysis tree.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This patient was diagnosed with SFTSV encephalitis, and the viral strain was successfully isolated. The SFTSV strain is closely related to the Hubei strain HB2017-02, and the SFTSV M and L fragments belong to the B genotype, whereas the M fragments belong to the F genotype. In addition, the similarities of coding sequences of case strain to those of tick-carried SFTSV strain in the residence were more than 99.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The patient was confirmed to have SFTSV-infected encephalitis and died rapidly. The SFTSV strain was of Chinese local origin, and tick bites were the most likely route of infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune evasion after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and XBB.1.9 endemic observed from Guangdong Province, China from 2022 to 2023.","authors":"Huan Zhang, Baisheng Li, Jiufeng Sun, Lirong Zou, Lina Yi, Huifang Lin, Pingping Zhou, Chumin Liang, Lilian Zeng, Xue Zhuang, Zhe Liu, Jing Lu, Jianfeng He, Runyu Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02573-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02573-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From 2022 to 2023, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by Omicron variants spread rapidly in Guangdong Province, resulting in over 80% of the population being infected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To investigate the levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in individuals following the rapid pandemic and to evaluate the cross-protection against currently circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 in China, neutralization assay and magnetic particle chemiluminescence method were used to test the 117 serum samples from individuals who had recovered 4 weeks post-infection. The results indicated that the levels of NAbs against prototype and Omicron variants BA.5 were significantly higher than those against Omicron variants BQ.1, XBB.1.1, XBB.1.9, XBB.1.16 and EG.5, regardless of whether the infection was primary or secondary.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cross-protection provided by NAbs induced by prototype and Omicron BA.5 variants was limited when challenged by BQ.1, XBB.1.1, XBB.1.9, XBB.1.16 and EG.5 variants. This indicates that we should pay more attention to the risk of multiple infection from any novel Omicron variants that may emerge in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in captive animals at the belo horizonte zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.","authors":"Anisleidy Pérez Castillo, João Victor Oliveira Miranda, Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca, Rennan Garcias Moreira, Luiza Campos Guerra de Araújo E Santos, Daniel Costa Queiroz, Diego Menezes Bonfim, Carlyle Mendes Coelho, Paula Cristina Senra Lima, Rafael Otávio Cançado Motta, Herlandes Penha Tinoco, Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira, Renato Santana Aguiar","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02505-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02505-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has not only affected humans but also raised concerns about its transmission to wild animals, potentially creating natural reservoirs. Understanding these dynamics is critical for preventing future pandemics and developing control strategies. This study aims to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wild mammals at the Belo Horizonte Zoo in Brazil, analyzing the virus's evolution and zoonotic potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Belo Horizonte Zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, covering a diverse population of mammals. Oropharyngeal, rectal, and nasal swabs were collected from 47 captive animals between November 2021 and March 2023. SARS-CoV-2 presence was determined using RT-PCR, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Consensus genomes were classified using Pangolin and NextClade tools, and a maximum likelihood phylogeny was inferred using IQ-Tree.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 47 animals tested, nine (19.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Positive samples included rectal, oropharyngeal, and nasal swabs, with the highest positivity in rectal samples. Three genomes were successfully sequenced, revealing two variants: VOC Alpha in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and a fallow deer (Dama dama), and VOC Omicron in a western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). Phylogenetic analysis indicated potential human-to-animal transmission, with animal genomes clustering close to human samples from the same region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in various wild mammal species at the Belo Horizonte Zoo, emphasizing the virus's zoonotic potential and the complexity of interspecies transmission. The detection of different variants suggests ongoing viral evolution and adaptation in new hosts. Continuous monitoring and genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife are essential for understanding its transmission dynamics and preventing future zoonotic outbreaks. These findings underscore the need for integrated public health strategies that include wildlife monitoring to mitigate the risks posed by emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMCV VP2 degrades IFI16 through Caspase-dependent apoptosis to evade IFI16-STING pathway.","authors":"Ruofei Feng, Dianyu Li, Zhenfang Yan, Xiangrong Li, Jingying Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02568-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02568-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interferon (IFN)-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16), a key DNA sensor, triggers downstream STING-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production and antiviral immunity. However, how the IFI16-STING signaling pathway is regulated by EMCV infection is still not well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the interaction between IFI16 and EMCV. Results indicated EMCV infection suppressed IFI16 expression in A549 cells. This study reveals that IFI16 plays an active role in combating EMCV. Screening viral proteins in conjunction with IFI16, we found that the EMCV VP2 protein hinders the antiviral response mediated by IFI16 by causing degradation of the IFI16 protein via the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway. Our study communicates the antiviral role of the IFI16-STING pathway during EMCV infection. Importantly, this study unveils the novel mechanism by which VP2 counteracts the innate immune signaling activated by foreign DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A humanized neutralizing antibody protects against human adenovirus type 7 infection in humanized desmoglein-2 and CD46 double-receptor transgenic mice.","authors":"Chengxing Zhou, Xiaohong Liao, Zhichao Zhou, Chuncong Mo, Yujie Yang, Hui Liao, Minglei Liu, Qiong Zhang, Qiuru Li, Xingui Tian, Rong Zhou, Hong Cao","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02572-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02572-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) has become a major public health threat due to its widespread transmission, severe associated pneumonia, and a lack of effective anti-HAdV7 drugs. The aim of the current study is to design a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) demonstrating efficacy against HAdV-7 infections in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The humanized neutralizing antibody, 3G5-hu, was derived from the murine mAb 3G5. Antibody activity was evaluated using a flow cytometry-based neutralization (FCN) assay to identify humanized mAbs retaining potent neutralizing activity. Additionally, a humanized hDSG2/hCD46 dual-receptor transgenic mouse model was developed to simulate HAdV-7 infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using recombinant HAdV-7 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein and clinically isolated wild-type HAdV-7, the half-maximal effective concentration of 3G5-hu against HAdV-7 was determined to be < 30 ng/mL. Notably, 3G5-hu exhibits high specificity for the hexon protein of the HAdV-7 capsid (affinity: KD = 9.02 × 10^- 11 M). Microneutralization studies with wild-type HAdV-7 and rAd7EGFP confirmed that humanized mAb 3G5-hu neutralizes 10-30 ng/mL HAdV-7 (approximately 67-200 pM). Furthermore, hDSG2/hCD46 double-receptor transgenic mice are more susceptible to HAdV-7 infection than single-receptor transgenic mice. Meanwhile, the humanized mAb 3G5-hu provides good protection against HAdV-7 infection in hDSG2/hCD46 knock-in transgenic mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly designed humanized mAb 3G5-hu specifically neutralizes HAdV-7 in vitro and in vivo. 3G5-hu elicits protection against HAdV-7 infection in hDSG2/hCD46 knock-in transgenic mice. The findings of this study provide insights to guide the future development of preventative and therapeutic treatments for HAdV-7 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}