Veterinary clinical pathology最新文献

{"title":"Hemoglobin Globules: Now You See Them… Now You Don't?","authors":"Myrto Spyropoulou, Harold Tvedten, Paola Cazzini","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Plasma Protein Fractions and Electrophoretograms in Non-Laying and Egg-Laying Domestic Chickens.","authors":"Jared S Zion, Ricardo de Matos, Nicole Belcher, Ashleigh W Newman","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Protein electrophoresis (EPH) is a valuable diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine, particularly in non-mammalian species where albumin measurement has historically been considered inaccurate by routine biochemistry analyzers. Physiologic processes such as egg-laying result in altered protein production, presenting a challenge in differentiating physiologic from pathologic processes on EPH.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate differences in total protein and protein fraction concentrations, as determined by the Biuret method and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), respectively, between non-laying and egg-laying healthy female chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood was obtained from 24 healthy female chickens consisting of 12 Red Star and 12 Cornish Cross breeds, 36 and 14 months old, respectively. Plasma protein electrophoresis was performed on heparinized plasma on the Sebia MINICAP instrument. Median results for total protein and each protein fraction between non-layers and layers were compared with the Mann-Whitney test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Layers had significantly higher total protein (median 5.2 vs. 4.7 g/dL; p = 0.0015), prealbumin fraction (1.7 vs. 0.2 g/dL; p < 0.0001), and A/G ratio (1.15 vs. 0.8; p = 0.0012). Layers had significantly lower albumin (1.15 vs. 1.7 g/dL; p = 0.0005) and alpha-2 globulins (0.1 vs. 0.2 g/dL; p = 0.0003). The Cornish Cross had the lowest prealbumin concentration (0.9 g/dL) of layers, while the Red Stars had the highest prealbumin concentrations (0.5, 0.6 g/dL) of non-layers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Egg-laying in chickens is characterized by a higher total protein due to an increased prealbumin fraction, as determined by CZE, with breed differences noted. It is important to recognize these physiologic differences when interpreting EPH from laying chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a Veterinary Portable Glucose Meter for Blood Glucose Concentration Measurement in Red-Eared Slider Turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans).","authors":"Ava Cabble, Marina Liles, Michael Bonas, Nicola Di Girolamo","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited knowledge about the accuracy and precision of portable blood glucose meters (PBGM) for measuring blood glucose in reptiles.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate a veterinary PBGM for measuring blood glucose concentration in red-eared sliders by comparison with a laboratory reference method, and to assess the influence of packed cell volume on PBGM measurements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were obtained from 20 red-eared sliders from the jugular vein. Two strips of a veterinary PBGM on the canine setting were run consecutively. Immediately afterward, the blood was centrifuged, and the plasma was separated into a clean tube. Plasma was frozen and shipped for glucose measurement via a hexokinase analyzer. Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman analysis were conducted to determine agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The veterinary PBGM overestimated blood glucose concentration, with a mean overestimation of 28.0 mg/dL (95% CI: 16.7-45.0, Limits of Agreement: 5.8-50.3 mg/dL). The bias was proportional, increasing at higher blood glucose concentrations. The mean difference was 23.1 mg/dL in the samples with PCV ≤ 19% (n = 9), 30.8 mg/dL in the samples with PCV between 20% and 29% (n = 7), and 34.4 mg/dL in the samples with PCV greater than or equal to 30% (n = 4). Intra-assay coefficients of variations, a measure of precision, were, on average, 4.5%, ranging from 0% to 17.4%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of the veterinary PBGM evaluated in this study in red-eared sliders may alter both treatment and diagnostic decisions due to the overestimation of glucose concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Reagent Strips in Veterinary Medicine: A Critical Evaluation of pH and Urinary Density in Dogs using Statistical Modeling.","authors":"Cleber F M Mansano, Julia M C Ostti, Renata R Latorre, Beatrice I Macente, Amanda P Lemes, Valentina C Rosa","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinalysis is a simple and essential test in veterinary practice, involving physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine. Reagent strips are widely used due to their practicality; however, their reliability compared with reference laboratory methods remains a subject of debate.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study compares different brands of reagent strips for the measurement of urinary pH and urine specific gravity (USG) in dogs and to evaluate their performance in relation to reference methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the reliability of six brands of reagent strips for measuring pH and urine specific gravity in dogs, comparing them with the gold standard methods (bench pH meter and refractometer). Association between methods was evaluated using Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses, and agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Linear and polynomial regression models were applied to derive correction equations where appropriate. Ninety-seven canine urine samples were analyzed, collected by natural urination, and processed under refrigeration for preservation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For pH analysis, reagent strips showed statistically significant associations with the benchtop pH meter, and Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated acceptable agreement, with small mean bias and relatively narrow limits of agreement. The linear and polynomial regression models generated to correct the strip values showed excellent fit, with coefficients of determination (R²) greater than 69%, validating their use to calibrate results and improve accuracy. In contrast, urine specific gravity measurements obtained by reagent strips showed poor agreement with refractometry, characterized by wide limits of agreement and clinically relevant bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reagent strips are inadequate for reliable determination of urine specific gravity in dogs and are not recommended as a substitute for a refractometer, while showing acceptable agreement for urinary pH estimation. According to the proposal, its use is feasible in routine clinical practice, provided that the values are adjusted by the proposed correction equations, which minimize scaling errors and significantly improve the accuracy of the results, if the manufacturers' guidelines are followed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytologic Characteristics of the Feline Ovary at Different Sexual Stages.","authors":"Alba Martí, Josep Pastor, David Prandi, Adrià Aguilar-Catalan, Maria Montserrat Rivera Del Alamo","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytology is a valuable diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine, allowing rapid and minimally invasive diagnosis. However, its application in the reproductive tracts of small animals is limited, primarily used to assess mammary masses and stage the estrous cycle.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the cytologic characteristics of healthy queen ovaries throughout the estrous cycle.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty-four domestic shorthair queens were included and submitted to a conventional ovariohysterectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A blood sample was obtained to assess the serum concentration of estradiol and progesterone. One ovary was immersed in paraformaldehyde for histology purposes, whereas the other was used for cytology. Blood parameters and histology were used to classify the queens into 4 different groups: anestrous, follicular, luteal phase, and luteal cell phase groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing the groups, statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences were observed only in the percentage of luteal and mesenchymal cells and mitotic figures. Luteal cells were only present in those ovaries belonging to the luteal phase group. Mesenchymal cells were present in the follicular and the luteal phase groups. Mitotic figures were observed in the anestrus and follicular phases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It can be concluded that the ovarian cytology in the queen varies according to the reproductive cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins in Dogs and Cats: Effects of Refrigeration and Freezing Over Time.","authors":"Luana S Ribeiro, Aude Castel, Bruno B J Torres","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The quantification of protein levels is an important part of standard cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. However, delays in processing due to shipment and/or laboratory opening schedules, combined with the need to preserve sample stability during storage, pose critical challenges to ensuring accurate diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aim was to assess the stability of CSF proteins in canine and feline samples refrigerated and subsequently frozen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CSF samples were prospectively collected from dogs and cats. CSF protein levels were measured: immediately after collection; after refrigeration (at 4°C for 48 h); and after freezing (at -20°C for 6 to 150 days). Linear regression was performed for each species to evaluate the influence of time and preservation on protein levels. The impact of the variation in CSF protein measurements on clinical interpretation was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen dogs and four cats with neurological diseases, and five cats euthanized for reasons unrelated to neurological issues were enrolled in the study. Protein measurements were stable over time in dogs (p = 0.334) and cats (p = 0.785), regardless of the preservation method and timing of analysis. The variation between the CSF protein measurements of fresh and stored samples did not change the interpretation of any results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CSF protein levels in dogs and cats remained stable when samples were refrigerated for 48 h prior to being frozen for long-term storage, supporting the feasibility of banking samples for research and laboratory control. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate the stability of specific protein biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Your Diagnosis? Lymph Node Aspirate From a Dog.","authors":"William Benedict, Emily Rout, Lori Cesario, A Russell Moore","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Your Diagnosis? Flank Mass from a Gelding.","authors":"Elise B Russell, Susan A Piripi","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytologic, Clinicopathologic, and Histologic Findings in a Dog with a Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Multiple Endocrinopathies.","authors":"Sam Wicker, Alexis Johnson, Shelly Olin, Thomas Bevelock, Constance Fazio, Hiroyuki Mochizuki","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu was evaluated for a gallbladder mass incidentally identified during a diagnostic workup for hyperadrenocorticism and persistent hypercalcemia. Diagnostic imaging revealed a vascularized intraluminal gallbladder mass, and cytologic examination showed cohesive clusters of epithelial cells with distinct intercellular junctions, magenta cytoplasmic stippling, and marked pleomorphism, raising suspicion for a neuroendocrine carcinoma. Cholecystectomy was performed with tissues submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC), which confirmed a diagnosis of gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (GB-NEC) with hepatic and vascular invasion. The tumor exhibited diffuse positive immunolabeling for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM-1), consistent with neuroendocrine differentiation. However, no appreciable immunolabeling for gastrin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) was observed. This case illustrates an uncommon cytologic presentation of GB-NEC in dogs and suggests a potential association between neuroendocrine tumors and multiple endocrinopathies. The findings support the utility of INSM-1 as a broad-spectrum marker for canine neuroendocrine tumors and underscore the need for further investigation into the hormonal activity and clinical variability of GB-NEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Your Diagnosis? Cervical Mass in a Timber Rattlesnake.","authors":"Amy N Schnelle, Dion Dewananda, Ellen Haynes, Laura Adamovicz, Karen Terio, Matthew C Allender","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}