Veterinary clinical pathology最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in genetic analysis: Insights from a case study and review of next-generation sequencing techniques for veterinary oncology applications.","authors":"R Adam Harris, Jillian Nolan, Dylan Ammons, Samantha Beeson, Douglas Thamm, Anne Avery","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) poses significant challenges in veterinary medicine, with limited treatment options and poor survival rates. While substantial progress has been made in characterizing human AML, translating these advancements to veterinary practice has been hindered by limited molecular understanding and diagnostic tools. The case study presented illustrates the application of whole genome sequencing in diagnosing AML in a dog, showcasing its potential in veterinary oncology. Our approach facilitated comprehensive genomic analysis, identifying mutations in genes that may be associated with AML pathogenesis in dogs, such as KRAS, IKZF1, and RUNX1. However, without supportive evidence of its clinical utility (eg, association with response to treatment or prognosis), the information is limited to exploration. This article reviews the comparative features of canine AML with human AML and discusses strategies to shrink the knowledge gap between human and veterinary medicine with cost-effective next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. By utilizing these approaches, the unique and shared molecular features with human AML can be identified, aiding in molecular classification and therapeutic development for both species. Despite the promise of NGS, challenges exist in implementing it into routine veterinary diagnostics. Cost considerations, turnaround times, and the need for robust bioinformatics pipelines and quality control measures must be addressed. Most importantly, analytical and clinical validation processes are essential to ensure the reliability and clinical utility of NGS-based assays. Overall, integrating NGS technologies into veterinary oncology holds great potential for advancing our understanding of AML and improving disease stratification, in hopes of improving clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Impression smears of an intracranial mass from a dog.","authors":"Michael A Talavera, Kayla J Alexander, Andy Shores, Marjorie J Williams, Matthew L Williams","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Fine-needle aspirate from a neck lesion in a dog.","authors":"Cynthia Robveille, Marie Cuvelier","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Cerebrospinal fluid from an Angus cow.","authors":"Megan G Palmisano, Koranda Walsh, Susan Bender, Elizabeth Nelson, Rose Nolen-Walston","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine and feline liver cytology ( 1st ed.) by Carlo Masserdotti (Ed.), Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. 2023. pp. 288. ISBN: 978-1-119-89555-8—US$149.99 (Hardcover)","authors":"Francisco O. Conrado","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"374-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death and taxes: Lactate and the Laffer curve","authors":"Rose D. Nolen-Walston,&nbsp;Michael J. Mandel","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13387","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In 1980, Ronald Reagan was elected as a president on a simple platform: the need for tax cuts to revive the economy, which was struggling at the time. His theory, and the theory of the supply-side economists who supported him, was simple. Business owners are more likely to hire new workers and invest in new equipment if their after-tax income goes up. The supply-siders of the day believed that if federal tax rates were cut, especially at the top end, business owners would expand, boosting both employment and investment, increasing growth, and potentially even reducing inflation, which was a big problem at the time. Thus, the benefits of the tax cut would “trickle down” to all Americans. One of the main proponents of this theory was an economist called Arthur Laffer, who, in 1974, had been enjoying a late-night supper with a few Republican policy wonks (including Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld, as it happened). The topic of conversation was tax rate and government income and whether President Ford's tax hikes would spur increases in federal revenue. Not necessarily, suggested Laffer, who reportedly whipped out a pen and made the following sketch on his napkin (Figure 1).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the x-axis, we see tax rates ranging from 0% to 100%, and on the y-axis, there is government revenue. It is clear that a tax rate of 0% results in zero income, and the coffers are dry. Conversely, though, Laffer pointed out that a tax rate of 100% would result in the same thing. If the government takes every cent of your salary, you are clearly not going to work at all. So, what if, suggests Laffer's curve, we are here, point A in Figure 2, on the tax curve?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this case, high tax rates are actually suppressing taxpayer's capitalist urges. A reduction in the tax rate to point B will paradoxically result in an increase in revenue, not a decrease, as shown here in Figure 3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This was an odd thought. Could a drop in the tax rate really increase the amount of money the government collected? We avoid political commentary and allow readers their own interpretation of history as to the results of this experiment.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, this concept has an interesting application in the consideration of physiology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take lactate, for example. L-lactate is produced by the mammalian cell as a product of anaerobic metabolism,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and is often used clinically as a measure of tissue perfusion. Blood lactate concentration not only assesses both the rate of production as well as clearance,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; but also, in the very end, it is limited by the capacity of the heart and peripheral vasculature to mobilize the tissue-produced lactate and carry venous blood back to the sampling point. As such, lactate acts as the scorecard of the body; though blood lactate levels cannot tell you what is wrong or how to fix it, it provides useful information to clinicians as to whether they are winning","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"291-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vcp.13387","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid–base and electrolyte changes in dogs after packed red blood cell transfusion","authors":"P. Bou,&nbsp;I. Mesa,&nbsp;R. F. Ferreira,&nbsp;C. Torrente,&nbsp;E. G. Manzanilla,&nbsp;L. Bosch","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Packed RBC (pRBC) transfusions are often necessary to enhance organ perfusion and tissue oxygenation in cases of severe anemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to describe changes in acid–base and biochemical parameters in dogs after transfusion of pRBC and potential effects on the outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prospective observational study included anemic dogs requiring pRBC transfusions. Venous blood gas and electrolytes were measured pre-transfusion and repeated within 1 h post-transfusion. Signalment, pre-existing conditions and underlying disease(s), number of days spent of hospitalization, the quantity of transfused pRBC units, and the outcome were also recorded. Associations between analytical values and all other parameters before and after transfusion were assessed using the Wilcoxon test. A generalized linear model was generated for each of the blood gas parameters post-transfusion, including the pre-transfusion values and the characteristics of the animal as fixed effects. The effect of the blood gas parameters on the mortality and hospitalization length was assessed using logistic regression and generalized linear models, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six dogs with different causes of anemia were included in the study, with dogs remaining hospitalized for a median of 3 days (range: 0–11). Pre-transfusion heart rate, respiratory rate, Angap, base excess, and lactate were higher than post-transfusion values. Post-transfusion results showed an increase in hematocrit, hemoglobin, HCO₃-, PCO₂, tCO₂, and chloride. Pre-transfusion hypophosphatemia and receiving an increased volume of transfused pRBC were associated with a longer hospital stay, while higher pre-transfusion lactate values were associated with higher mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>pRBC transfusion in anemic dogs was associated with an improvement in perfusion and acid–base parameters. Pre-transfusion lactate may be an indicator of mortality in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"392-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thromboelastography in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with phenobarbital monotherapy","authors":"R. García,&nbsp;J. Pastor,&nbsp;C. de la Fuente,&nbsp;S. Añor","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13380","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13380","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thromboelastography (TEG) is an effective technique to assess the efficiency of coagulation. Phenobarbital (PB) can induce hematological and coagulation disorders in both animals and humans, but its effects on hemostasis have been little investigated and are poorly understood in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this article was to assess coagulation using TEG in a population of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with PB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective observational study. TEG was performed in blood samples from dogs with idiopathic epilepsy that were divided in three groups: Two groups of treated dogs that were on phenobarbital treatment for less or more than 6 months, and a control group of healthy dogs. Duration of treatment, dose, phenobarbital serum concentration and selected hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated and correlated with the TEG results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No statistically significant differences were found between groups. None of the animals appeared to be in a hypo- or hypercoagulable state, however 9/19 (47,4%) dogs were classified as hyper-fibrinolytic. A statistically significant negative relationship between MA and G values and increased fibrinolytic activity (LY30) were found. No statistically significant relationship was found between PB dose or PB blood levels and TEG parameters in either group. No bleeding complications were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rise in fibrinolysis might be due to hepatic damage from PB, as indicated by elevated liver enzymes in many dogs with abnormal fibrinolytic patterns. Although TEG showed hyperfibrinolysis in some dogs, the presence of primary or secondary hyperfibrinolysis could not be confirmed due to the lack of D-dimer measurements and liver biopsy. TEG’s sensitivity compared to other fibrinolysis biomarkers like PAP might also affect results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TThe cause of hyperfibrinolysis in epileptic dogs treated with phenobarbital remains unclear, with potential links to hepatic effects or handling, and further research is needed to assess its clinical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"385-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Mammary mass in a female dog.","authors":"Gabrielle Z Tres, Igor R Santos, Milena C Paz, Carolina B Brunner, Sarah K L P Ribeiro, Marcele B Bandinelli, Saulo P Pavarini","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a pig","authors":"Mireya Smith, Cassan Pulaski, Stephen Santangelo, Stephen J. Divers, Samantha N. Schlemmer","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}