Veterinary clinical pathology最新文献

{"title":"Protein Electrophoresis in the Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus): Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Reference Intervals, Method Comparison With Capillary Zone Electrophoresis, and Initial Assessment of the Effects of Spawning Season on Protein Fractions","authors":"Lina C. Bilhalva,&nbsp;Leah N. Zebovitz,&nbsp;Felicia B. Nutter,&nbsp;Amanda Higgs,&nbsp;Dewayne Fox,&nbsp;Carolyn Cray,&nbsp;Francisco O. Conrado","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Atlantic sturgeon has faced severe population declines due to overfishing and environmental changes, resulting in its critical conservation status. There is concern today for the survival of this species, leading to the initiation of studies focused on its conservation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to establish reference intervals (RIs) for plasma protein fractions in Atlantic sturgeon using agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE), to evaluate whether changes occur during the spawning season, and to compare results with those obtained using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between late May and June 2022, blood samples were collected from 81 spawning Atlantic sturgeon. Plasma from all individuals was analyzed using AGE, with a subset of 16 paired samples further evaluated using CZE for comparative analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AGE revealed six distinct protein fractions, while CZE identified seven fractions. Significant differences in the proportions of fraction 3 (traditionally referred to as alpha-1 globulins) were observed between early and late spawning seasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comparison of AGE and CZE results showed that while both methods provided useful data, CZE offered greater resolution and detection sensitivity. Our results provide important data for sturgeon health assessment; however, discrepancies between the two methods underscore the need for method-specific RI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 2","pages":"158-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sysmex XN-V scattergrams in feline mastocythemia and basophilia: Two similar but different cases","authors":"Verónica Mato-Martín,&nbsp;Julia Ginders,&nbsp;Barbara Riond,&nbsp;Regina Hofmann-Lehmann,&nbsp;Marilisa Novacco","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scattergram evaluation is an important part of nonstatistical quality control in Veterinary Hematology. In this case report, we present two feline hematological cases with abnormal Sysmex XN-V scattergrams. Case 1 involved a 16-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat referred for the investigation of a suspected abdominal mass, which revealed marked mastocythemia on blood smear evaluation. Case 2 involved a 9-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat that was presented for follow-up after cystostomy and perineal urethrostomy, which revealed marked basophilia on blood smear evaluation. In both cases, an abnormal population was observed on the white cell differential channel by fluorescence (WDF) scattergram using a Sysmex XN-V hematology analyzer. The abnormal population appeared as an oval cloud of dots between monocytes and eosinophils. Manual re-gating of these unusual populations on the WDF channel correlates with manually determined counts. Mast cells appeared as a lysis-resistant population on the white count and nucleated red blood cell (WNR) scattergram, whereas basophils did not show this feature. Therefore, the appearance of an unexpected population between the eosinophil and monocyte area on the WDF scattergram may indicate mastocythemia or basophilia in cats. Further assessment of the WNR scattergram, focusing on identifying lysis-resistant populations, can help differentiate between basophilia and mastocythemia. However, blood smear evaluation remains mandatory for the accurate enumeration of basophils and/or determination of mastocythemia. Manufacturer software adjustments within the WDF and WNR channels may improve the accuracy of basophil counts in veterinary hematology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 2","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A closer look at model optimization concepts in artificial intelligence.","authors":"Daniel Castillo","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.70000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Electrophoretic and Bromocresol Green Albumin Methods in Chickens and Other Veterinary Species","authors":"Jeffrey Brandon,&nbsp;Heather Reider,&nbsp;Kristy L. Pabilonia,&nbsp;A. Russell Moore","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bromocresol green albumin assay (ALB_BCG) has been used in birds and reportedly is noncomparable with electrophoretic albumin (ALB_PE) in many species. It is accepted for use in some species and rejected in others.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to compare the performance of ALB_PE and ALB_BCG methods within backyard chickens and compare the performance of ALB_BCG in chickens with other veterinary species where the ALB_BCG method is accepted and used clinically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chicken plasma collected during reference interval development and samples submitted for diagnostic biochemistry profile were evaluated using the ALB_BCG and ALB_PE assays. Method comparison was performed according to current recommendations, including the use of Passing–Bablok and Bland–Altman analysis. ALB_BCG and ALB_PE were also measured in other avian species, dogs, cats, horses, and domestic ruminants. Method comparison was evaluated within and between species, including clinical utility based on the percentage of cases discordantly interpreted as hypo-, normo-, or hyperalbuminemic by ALB_BCG and ALB_PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In chickens, ALB_BCG and ALB_PE were not comparable, having a constant bias (−0.4 g/dL) and proportional bias. Similarly, the methods were not comparable in other species; &gt; 10% of samples had &gt; TE_A (15%) difference in all species. The clinical utility of albumin interpretation in chickens did not differ significantly from that in dogs and horses, as determined by ANOVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data suggest that ALB_BCG is not comparable with ALB_PE and performs similarly across all tested species. There is no evidence to support the continued rejection of the ALB_BCG in chicken and other avians and acceptance in some mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 2","pages":"171-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vcp.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Validation of an Automated Point-of-Care Immunoassay for the Measurement of Feline Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity Concentration (Vcheck fPL 2.0)","authors":"Lisa Wetzel,&nbsp;Joerg M. Steiner,&nbsp;Harry Cridge","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pancreatic lipase assays are commonly utilized in the diagnostic approach to suspected pancreatitis in cats. The Vcheck fPL 2.0 assay is commercially available; however, analytical validation has yet to be reported in the peer-reviewed literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the analytic validity of a fluorescent immunoassay for the point-of-care quantification of feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (Vcheck fPL 2.0 assay).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linearity was assessed via dilutional parallelism. Intra- and interassay variability was assessed by calculating coefficients of variation (%CV) across replicates on the same day and across multiple days, respectively. Bilirubin, hemoglobin, and intralipid (intralipid 30% IV emulsion, VWR, Radnor, PA, USA) were utilized to evaluate the potential effects of interfering substances on the assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linearity was sub-optimal, with 12/15 diluted runs having an O/E ratio outside of the 80–120% target range. The mean %CV was 10.2% for intra-assay variability and 16.3% for interassay variability. Interfering substances had no significant effect on the results of the Vcheck fPL 2.0 assay (<i>P</i> = 0.888).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Vcheck fPL 2.0 appears to have poor linearity and suboptimal precision, limiting the accurate interpretation of results. Additional assay optimization should be considered prior to routine clinical use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 2","pages":"154-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vcp.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More than just a “pretty face”","authors":"Robert M. Lukacs","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 1","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Facial swelling in a dog","authors":"Chanel Shum,&nbsp;Varvara B. Semenova,&nbsp;Beatriz Ribeiro,&nbsp;Demitria M. Vasilatis,&nbsp;Mara Wanderer,&nbsp;Aitor Gallastegui Menoyo,&nbsp;Shir Gilor","doi":"10.1111/vcp.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.70004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 S1","pages":"S26-S28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Mammary mass in a male dog","authors":"Richard J. Dulli,&nbsp;Peres Badial,&nbsp;Valentina Stevenson,&nbsp;Rachel E. Whitman","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13409","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 S1","pages":"S22-S25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulae to correct sodium concentrations for serum water fraction in cases of hypo- and hyperproteinemia in dogs","authors":"Samantha J. M. Evans,&nbsp;Brittany Allen,&nbsp;Dixie Mollenkopf,&nbsp;Matthew P. Truelove,&nbsp;Nicole A. Tebbe,&nbsp;Steve Pannone,&nbsp;M. Judith Radin,&nbsp;Kelly S. Santangelo","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13410","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13410","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biochemistry analyzers, which utilize indirect potentiometry, are used to determine serum electrolyte concentrations in dogs. Artifactual increases or decreases in these electrolyte concentrations can be caused by alterations in the serum water fraction (SWF). Severe hypo- and hyperproteinemia cause changes in SWF, which can then result in incorrectly reported serum sodium concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The goals of this study were to determine an average actual SWF (SWF_ACTUAL) in dogs and establish formulae to correct serum sodium concentration measured by indirect potentiometry in hypo- and hyperproteinemic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum samples from 115 canine patients were analyzed for electrolytes measured by both indirect and direct potentiometry. Total protein, albumin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were also determined. Each serum sample was then lyophilized to determine SWF_ACTUAL. A canine-specific formula to estimate SWF (SWF_EST-CAN) was developed using a multivariable linear model and compared with the human-estimated formula (SWF_EST-HUM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean SWF_ACTUAL in this population of dogs was 92.7%, which was significantly different (<i>p</i> &lt; .0001) than the mean (95.1%) calculated using SWF_EST-HUM. The formula derived from SWF_EST-CAN recapitulated SWF_ACTUAL more accurately than SWF_EST-HUM. Based on a slope closer to 1.0, the corrected sodium concentrations calculated using the canine formula correlated marginally better with the serum sodium measured by direct potentiometry than those calculated using the human formula.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Applications of correction formulae are expected to limit the misinterpretation of electrolyte data from indirect potentiometry when altered SWF occurs. A case example of the potential utility of these correction formulae is presented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 1","pages":"35-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vcp.13410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of resting time, centrifugation time, and technician training on plasma sample quantity and quality: Implications for the Dog Aging Project","authors":"Sydney N. Holland,&nbsp;Amanda K. Tinkle,&nbsp;Jena N. Prescott,&nbsp;Brianna L. Blattman,&nbsp;Dog Aging Project Consortium,&nbsp;Kate E. Creevy,&nbsp;Virginia R. Fajt","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13413","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Dog Aging Project (DAP) is a large-scale longitudinal study of aging in dogs. For some dogs in the DAP, blood samples for plasma isolation are collected by non-DAP personnel. However, plasma samples are sometimes inadequate, which can lead to, for example, insufficient volume for assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to examine three factors that may affect plasma yield: resting time after sample collection, centrifugation time, and level of operator or technician training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designed three experiments using a convenience sample of five dogs. Each experiment varied one of the three factors and held the other two constant. Experiment 1 examined five different resting times: 10 min and 1, 4, 24, and 72 h. Experiment 2 compared centrifugation times of 7 and 14 min. Experiment 3 compared trained and untrained personnel. The sample resting was always under refrigeration. Experimental outcomes were total plasma volume, number of successful aliquots, hemolysis, and lipemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A resting time of 72 h yielded statistically significantly lower plasma volume than resting times ≤4 h. Resting times of 24 and 72 h also had statistically significantly higher hemolysis scores compared with other resting time points. In addition, trained operators or technicians yielded an average of 0.5 more aliquots. Outcomes were similar by centrifugation time in Experiment 2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To mitigate sample loss, we recommend shorter post-collection resting times and ensuring technician proficiency. Additionally, increasing the requested whole blood volume may improve sample yield.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"54 1","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}