Veterinary World最新文献

{"title":"African swine fever in the era of global expansion: Epidemiology, transmission dynamics, viral evolution, and One Health control strategies.","authors":"Jia Bie","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3351-3371","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3351-3371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3351-3371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprocessing of mixed oil palm by-products with single and consortium white-rot fungi: Effects on nutritional quality, in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and rumen microbial populations.","authors":"Fenda Alvionita Fhonna, Anuraga Jayanegara, Sitti Wajizah, Anjas Asmara Samsudin, Samadi Samadi","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3774-3792","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3774-3792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Oil palm by-products are abundant lignocellulosic resources with considerable potential as sustainable ruminant feed but are constrained by poor digestibility and limited rumen fermentability. White-rot fungi (WRF) produce ligninolytic enzymes capable of modifying lignocellulosic biomass, whereas fungal consortia may enhance substrate bioconversion through complementary enzymatic activities. This study evaluated the effects of single and consortium WRF on the nutritional quality, <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation, digestibility, methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production, and rumen microbial populations of mixed oil palm by-products.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A substrate comprising oil palm fronds, palm kernel cake, and oil palm decanter cake was subjected to 28-day solid-state fermentation using 6% (w/w) inoculum. Five treatments were evaluated: Unfermented control, fermented control without fungal inoculation, <i>Phanerochaete</i> <i>chrysosporium</i>, <i>Trametes versicolor</i>, and their consortium, each with five biological replicates. Nutrient composition was determined after fermentation. <i>In vitro</i> gas production kinetics, rumen fermentation characteristics, CH<sub>4</sub> production, digestibility, and metabolizable energy (ME) were evaluated over 72 h using buffered rumen fluid. Rumen microbial populations were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fermentation significantly increased crude protein (CP) by 24.8%-34.8% while decreasing ether extract, hemicellulose, and non-fiber carbohydrates (p < 0.05). Conversely, relative lignin concentration and structural fiber fractions increased, indicating preferential carbohydrate utilization during fungal growth. All fermented treatments reduced cumulative gas production, total volatile fatty acids, CH<sub>4</sub> production, digestibility, and ME compared with the unfermented control (p < 0.05). CH<sub>4</sub> production declined by 26.6%-33.6%, although this reduction was accompanied by lower fermentation efficiency rather than improved feed utilization. Ruminal pH and ammonia nitrogen remained within acceptable ranges and were unaffected by fungal inoculation. Total bacterial abundance differed among treatments, whereas the populations of <i>Fibrobacter</i> <i>succinogenes</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i> <i>albus</i> remained unchanged. The consortium treatment did not provide additional benefits over single-fungus fermentations for nutrient utilization or rumen fermentation responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bioprocessing mixed oil palm by-products with single or consortium WRF altered substrate composition by increasing CP while reducing CH<sub>4</sub> production. However, these changes were accompanied by reduced rumen fermentability, digestibility, and energy availability, indicating that the tested fermentation conditions did not improve the overall feeding value of the mixe","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3774-3792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niemann-Pick type C2-mediated cholesterol sequestration induces capacitation-like sperm remodeling during reproductive tract transit in the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus).","authors":"Wattana Weerachatyanukul, Thanyaporn Senarai, Thitiporn Khongkha, Orawan Thongsum, Supawich Boonkua, Jirawat Saetan, Piyaporn Surinlert, Somluk Asuvapongpatana","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3651-3667","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3651-3667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Cholesterol (CHO) sequestration from the sperm plasma membrane is a fundamental event during mammalian sperm capacitation, but the molecular mechanisms underlying capacitation-like sperm activation in brachyuran crabs remain unknown. Although Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2), a high-affinity CHO-binding protein, has been implicated in sperm maturation in penaeid shrimp, its occurrence and physiological role in brachyuran species have not been investigated. This study characterized the <i>Portunus pelagicus</i> NPC2 (<i>PpNPC2</i>) gene, determined its localization in the male reproductive tract, and evaluated its role in capacitation-like sperm remodeling during reproductive tract transit in CHO-dependent capacitation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The <i>PpNPC2</i> sequence was identified and analyzed using comparative molecular and phylogenetic approaches. Localization of PpNPC2 in the testis and spermatic duct was examined by immunohistochemistry. Recombinant PpNPC2 protein was produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and functionally evaluated using isolated testicular sperm. Membrane CHO content was quantified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and Filipin III fluorescence staining, whereas sperm morphology and protein tyrosine phosphorylation were assessed using light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>PpNPC2</i> encoded a conserved NPC2 protein that clustered phylogenetically with crustacean NPC2 homologs and was predominantly localized in epithelial cells of the testis and spermatic duct. During sperm transit, membrane CHO decreased by approximately 32%, accompanied by progressive transformation of round testicular sperm into characteristic snowman-like spermatic duct sperm. Recombinant PpNPC2 reproduced these physiological changes by promoting CHO sequestration, inducing time- and concentration-dependent morphological remodeling, and significantly increasing protein tyrosine phosphorylation by up to 2.33-fold (p < 0.01). These findings indicate that PpNPC2 functions as a CHO-sequestering protein that initiates capacitation-like biochemical and structural remodeling during sperm maturation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first molecular and functional characterization of NPC2 in a brachyuran crab and demonstrates that NPC2-mediated CHO sequestration is a conserved mechanism driving capacitation-like sperm activation during reproductive tract transit. These findings expand current understanding of reproductive biology in marine crustaceans and provide a molecular foundation for future studies on sperm preservation, assisted reproduction, and crustacean aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3651-3667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Kv1.3 inhibition promotes M2 microglial polarization, accelerates hematoma resolution, and improves neurological recovery following collagenase-induced spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.","authors":"Wachirapong Saleeon, Anchalee Vattarakorn, Namphung Thongta, Yingrak Boondam, Aree Wanasuntronwong, Wattana B Watanapa, Sompol Tapechum, Narawut Pakaprot","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3474-3497","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3474-3497","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke characterized by high mortality, severe neurological disability, and limited effective pharmacological treatment. Secondary brain injury following sICH is largely driven by excessive neuroinflammation, in which activated microglia predominantly adopt a pro-inflammatory (M1-like) phenotype that exacerbates neuronal damage. The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is highly expressed in activated microglia and represents a promising therapeutic target for modulating neuroinflammatory responses. This study investigated whether selective Kv1.3 inhibition with 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy) psoralen (PAP-1) could promote immuno-modulatory microglial polarization, attenuate brain injury, and improve neurological recovery in a collagenase-induced mouse model of sICH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Adult male ICR mice with collagenase-induced sICH received daily intraperitoneal administration of PAP-1 (40 mg/kg) or vehicle for up to 7 days. Survival, body weight, hematoma volume, neuronal survival, Kv1.3 expression, and microglial polarization were evaluated using histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Neurological recovery was assessed using the modified neurological severity score, cylinder test, corner turn test, and open field test. Histological analyses were performed on post-injury days 1, 2, 3, and 7, whereas behavioral assessments and survival monitoring were conducted longitudinally throughout the experimental period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Selective Kv1.3 inhibition significantly improved neurological recovery following sICH. PAP-1 treatment increased 7-day survival from 40% to 70% and significantly reduced hematoma volume from day 2 onward, with reductions of approximately 19% on days 2 and 3 and 24% on day 7 compared with vehicle-treated mice. PAP-1 preserved perihematomal neurons, producing an approximately 2.9-fold increase in NeuN-positive neuronal density on day 7. Furthermore, PAP-1 suppressed Kv1.3 expression, reduced CD16/32-positive M1-like microglia, enhanced CD206-positive M2-like microglial polarization beginning on day 1, increased the M2/M1 ratio, and significantly improved sensorimotor and locomotor performance across all behavioral assessments. These findings demonstrate that selective Kv1.3 inhibition effectively attenuated neuroinflammation, accelerated hematoma resolution, and promoted functional recovery after experimental sICH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Selective inhibition of Kv1.3 with PAP-1 promoted a favorable shift toward an immunomodulatory microglial phenotype, reduced hematoma burden, preserved perihematomal neurons, and accelerated neurological recovery following collagenase-induced sICH. The integration of histological, immunological, and functional outcomes provides strong evidence supporting Kv1.3 as a promising therapeutic target for early intervention after hemo","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3474-3497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal effects on ruminal fermentation and greenhouse gas emission patterns in non-lactating crossbred Saanen goats under tropical conditions: Evidence from respiratory chamber measurements.","authors":"Nhung Thi Cam Pham, Trung Thanh Truong, Thiet Nguyen, Narongsak Chaiyabutr, Sumpun Thammacharoen","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3337-3350","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3337-3350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>High ambient temperature (HTa) associated with climate change poses challenges to livestock production and exacerbates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a self-perpetuating cycle. While HTa influences ruminal fermentation and enteric methane (CH₄) emissions in dairy cows, data on long-term seasonal HTa effects in heat-adapted tropical dairy goats under natural conditions remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate seasonal HTa effects on ruminal fermentation patterns, physiological responses, and daily CO₂ and CH₄ emissions in non-lactating crossbred Saanen goats using respiratory chamber measurements. The research gap addressed includes the scarcity of studies decoupling long-term acclimatization from short-term diurnal HTa using paired ambient and cooled chamber conditions in small ruminants under true tropical environments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twelve nulliparous crossbred Saanen × Bach Thao goats were used in a completely randomized design with two seasonal periods (winter: December-February; summer: March-May) and six replicates. Goats were housed individually and fed a total mixed ration (80% corn silage, 20% concentrate). Ambient conditions, dry matter intake (DMI), water intake (WI), rectal temperature (Tr), respiratory rate (RR), plasma cortisol, and ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were measured. Daily CO₂ and CH₄ emissions were quantified over 24 h in respiratory chambers under ambient and 25°C air-conditioned conditions at mid-experiment points. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with season, chamber, and their interaction as fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Summer daytime temperature-humidity index exceeded 80, with a seasonal ΔTa of 3.0°C. Long-term HTa increased total ruminal VFA concentration (53.2 ± 0.7 vs. 57.8 ± 1.0 mM, p < 0.05) and acetate:propionate ratio (2.3 ± 0.2 vs. 3.3 ± 0.4, p < 0.05) while decreasing NH₃-N (30.1 ± 1.0 vs. 26.1 ± 0.1 mg/dL, p < 0.05), without affecting DMI or WI. Daily CO₂ (378 ± 40 vs. 407 ± 32 g/day) and CH₄ (7.2 ± 1.7 vs. 9.2 ± 1.0 g/day) emissions did not differ between seasons (p > 0.05). However, attenuating daytime HTa to 25°C reduced nighttime CO₂ emissions (188 ± 12 vs. 160 ± 5 g/day, p < 0.05), linked to altered drinking behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seasonal HTa under tropical conditions altered ruminal fermentation without changing daily enteric CO₂ or CH₄ emissions in crossbred dairy goats, highlighting their superior adaptability. Short-term HTa attenuation revealed subtle effects on nighttime CO₂ via drinking behavior. These findings provide baseline data for species-specific GHG mitigation and challenge cattle-centric models in warming regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3337-3350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary hematological values and blood cell morphology of wild-caught Spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) from Southern Thailand.","authors":"Kanpapat Boonchuay, Kannawee Swangneat, Pachara Khiewthong, Thitapron Mangkang, Tran Nhat Thang, Nikom Srikacha, Pornchai Pornpanom","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3742-3754","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3742-3754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Spotted scat (<i>Scatophagus</i> <i>argus</i>) is a euryhaline teleost of increasing importance in aquaculture, ornamental fisheries, and environmental monitoring across the Indo-Pacific region. Hematological evaluation is a valuable tool for assessing fish health, physiological status, and environmental quality; however, species-specific reference data for spotted scat remain scarce. This study aimed to characterize blood cell morphology and morphometry and establish preliminary hematological reference values for wild-caught spotted scat from Southern Thailand to support veterinary diagnostics, future research, and biomonitoring applications.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-six wild-caught spotted scats were collected from Tha Sung Canal, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, between June and August 2025. Fish were anesthetized with clove oil before blood collection from the caudal vein into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tubes. Wright-stained blood smears were prepared for microscopic evaluation of blood cell morphology and morphometry. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was measured using an automated hematology analyzer, whereas packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, differential leukocyte counts, thrombocyte counts, and erythrocyte indices were determined using standard manual hematological methods. Descriptive statistics were generated, and leukocyte morphometry was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple-comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four leukocyte types were identified: neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Neutrophils and monocytes were the largest leukocytes and exhibited similar diameters (p > 0.05), although monocytes possessed a characteristically deeper blue cytoplasm that facilitated differentiation. Eosinophils occurred as small and large forms, whereas lymphocytes represented the predominant circulating leukocyte population. Juvenile male fish had a mean PCV of 0.24 ± 0.07 L/L, Hb concentration of 74.41 ± 20.94 g/L, erythrocyte count of 1.80 ± 0.68 × 10¹²/L, and leukocyte count of 32.47 ± 14.81 × 10⁹/L. Lymphocytes (16.14 ± 7.27 × 10⁹/L) were the predominant leukocyte subtype, followed by monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first comprehensive description of blood cell morphology together with preliminary hematological reference values for wild-caught spotted scat from Southern Thailand. These baseline data enhance diagnostic capacity for piscine hematology, support health assessment of ornamental and cultured fish, and provide a valuable foundation for future studies investigating environmental stress, disease, and the use of spotted scat as a bioindicator of freshwater, brackish, and mangrove ecosystems within the One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3742-3754"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Health approach to radionuclides in milk and meat: Transfer mechanisms, processing effects, regulatory limits, and mitigation strategies.","authors":"Abdykarimova Shynar, Serikova Ainur, Abzal Kereyev, Duyssembaev Sergazy, Amirgalina Zhadyra, Koigeldinova Ainur, Suleimenov Shyngys, Akhmadiyeva Ainur, Balgabaikyzy Assem, Serikov Zhaxylyk, Paritova Assel, Valiyeva Zhadyra","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3568-3594","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3568-3594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3568-3594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative proteomic characterization of seminal plasma and sperm proteins associated with reproductive function in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus).","authors":"Mokhamad Fahrudin, Brilla Widya Witri, Iis Arifiantini, Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas, Agustin Indrawati, Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3823-3835","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3823-3835","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Proteomic characterization of semen provides molecular insights into reproductive function beyond conventional semen evaluation. Although the seminal plasma and sperm proteomes of the common bottlenose dolphin (&lt;i&gt;Tursiops truncatus&lt;/i&gt;) have been reported, corresponding information for the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (&lt;i&gt;Tursiops&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;aduncus&lt;/i&gt;) is lacking. This study aimed to characterize the protein composition of seminal plasma and sperm in &lt;i&gt;T.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;aduncus&lt;/i&gt; to identify proteins and biological pathways associated with reproductive function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Semen samples were collected from two healthy adult captive male &lt;i&gt;T.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;aduncus&lt;/i&gt; exhibiting &gt;70% sperm motility. Equal volumes of semen from both animals were pooled, and seminal plasma and sperm fractions were separated by centrifugation. Proteins were extracted, separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Protein identification was performed with Proteome Discoverer 2.5 using a 1% false discovery rate. Functional annotation was conducted using Gene Ontology enrichment and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins protein-protein interaction analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 199 proteins were identified, including 84 proteins in seminal plasma and 119 in sperm, with only four proteins shared between the two fractions. Seminal plasma proteins were predominantly enriched in carbohydrate and lipid catabolism, proteolysis, and regulation of endopeptidase activity, indicating roles in maintaining the extracellular environment, protecting sperm, and supporting post-ejaculatory survival. In contrast, sperm proteins were significantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic respiration, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis, respiratory electron transport, spermatogenesis, sperm flagellum organization, and motility. Protein interaction analysis demonstrated a highly interconnected mitochondrial network in sperm, whereas seminal plasma proteins formed a more dispersed regulatory network. These findings indicate distinct functional specialization of the two semen fractions and suggest that oxidative phosphorylation represents the principal energy-producing pathway supporting sperm function in this marine mammal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides the first comprehensive proteomic characterization of seminal plasma and sperm in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin. The identified proteins and enriched biological pathways advance understanding of cetacean reproductive physiology, reveal molecular adaptations associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, and establish a valuable resource for developing fertility biomarkers and assisted reproductive technologies to support the conservation and reproductive management of this Near Threatened s","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3823-3835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a clinical risk score for early identification of sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome in dogs: A retrospective case-control study.","authors":"Pasinee Sakulchatwut, Natthanet Sritrakoon, Nuanwan Rujirekasuwan, Tikamporn Teekasang, Mananya Sakulchatwut, Sirirat Niyom","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.2635-2650","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.2635-2650","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) is an important cause of acute, irreversible blindness in dogs and is frequently accompanied by systemic clinical and biochemical abnormalities. Despite numerous studies describing the disease, no clinically applicable prediction tool has been developed to facilitate early recognition before electroretinographic confirmation. This study aimed to identify demographic, hematological, and biochemical factors associated with SARDS and to develop and internally validate a practical clinical risk score for early identification of affected dogs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective case-control study was conducted using medical records of dogs that underwent electroretinography between January 2018 and December 2023 at the Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Thailand. Fifty-three dogs with electroretinography-confirmed SARDS were compared with 219 breed-frequency-matched cataract patients exhibiting normal electroretinographic responses. Demographic characteristics, complete blood count results, and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed. Variables associated with SARDS in univariable logistic regression (p &lt; 0.20) were entered into multivariable logistic regression using a manual purposeful selection approach. Independent predictors were incorporated into a weighted clinical risk score. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Dogs with SARDS exhibited significantly higher neutrophil counts, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, plasma protein concentration, alanine aminotransferase activity, creatinine concentration, and white blood cell counts than control dogs. Multivariable logistic regression identified elevated neutrophil count (odds ratio [OR] = 8.80; p &lt; 0.001), elevated ALP activity (OR = 6.80; p &lt; 0.001), and increased plasma protein concentration (OR = 3.94; p = 0.004) as independent predictors of SARDS. Based on optimal cutoff values (neutrophils ≥10,525 cells/µL, ALP ≥74 U/L, and plasma protein ≥7.3 g/dL), a weighted clinical risk score ranging from 0 to 5 points was developed. A threshold score of ≥3 demonstrated good discriminative ability, with an AuROC of 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.90), sensitivity of 74.47%, and specificity of 79.79%, outperforming each individual laboratory parameter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study identified readily available hematological and biochemical variables that are independently associated with SARDS and developed the first weighted clinical risk score for early identification of the disease in dogs. The proposed model demonstrated good diagnostic performance and may assist veterinarians in prioritizing dogs for ophthalmic evaluation and electroretinography. Although external ","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3635-3650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microencapsulated oregano essential oil improves growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in broiler chickens.","authors":"Liang Yan, Cao Leping, Tao Lei, Liang Jianping, Xia Zhi, Jia Erling","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3457-3473","DOIUrl":"10.14202/vetworld.2026.3457-3473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The increasing restrictions on antibiotic growth promoters have intensified the search for safe and effective phytogenic alternatives for poultry production. Oregano (<i>Origanum vulgare L.</i>) essential oil (OEO) possesses antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, but its high volatility and poor thermal stability limit practical applications. This study aimed to develop microencapsulated OEO and evaluate its effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in broiler chickens.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>OEO microcapsules were prepared by complex coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic as wall materials. Physicochemical characteristics were evaluated through encapsulation efficiency, oil loading capacity, particle size analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and release behavior studies. A feeding trial involving 3,600 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers was conducted for 42 days. Birds were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments containing 0, 80, 120, or 160 mg/kg microencapsulated OEO. Growth performance, slaughter traits, meat quality parameters, and proximate composition of breast and thigh muscles were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized microcapsules exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 84.2%, a product yield of 82.37%, and a mean particle size of 151 μm. Structural and thermal analyses demonstrated effective encapsulation and enhanced thermal stability with sustained-release properties. Dietary supplementation with microencapsulated OEO improved broiler performance in a dose-dependent manner. Birds receiving 160 mg/kg supplementation exhibited significantly greater final body weight and average daily gain, together with reduced feed-to-gain ratio and mortality rate (p < 0.05). Breast muscle yield increased, whereas abdominal fat percentage decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Supplementation also improved meat quality by increasing muscle pH, reducing drip loss, enhancing redness, and decreasing lightness. Furthermore, breast muscle crude protein content increased, whereas crude fat content in breast and thigh muscles decreased significantly (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Microencapsulation using gelatin and gum Arabic effectively enhanced the stability and controlled-release properties of OEO. Dietary inclusion of 160 mg/kg microencapsulated OEO improved growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality while reducing fat deposition in broilers. These findings indicate that microencapsulated OEO represents a promising phytogenic feed additive and a potential alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in sustainable poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"19 8","pages":"3457-3473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}