Veterinary World最新文献

{"title":"Curcumin enhances developmental competence and ameliorates heat stress in <i>in vitro</i> buffalo <i>(Bubalus bubalis</i>) embryos.","authors":"Ritika Ritika, Sudha Saini, Shavi Shavi, P N Ramesh, Naresh L Selokar, Ashutosh Ludri, Manoj Kumar Singh","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2433-2442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2433-2442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Buffalo is the principal dairy animal and plays a major role in the economic growth of the dairy industry, contributing nearly 50% of the country's milk production. The Buffalo core body temperature is typically 38.5°C, but it can rise to 41.5°C in the summer, causing heat stress, which leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species or oxidative stress and affects the reproductive physiology of animals. Curcumin acts as an antioxidant, improves cellular development, and combats the effect of heat stress on <i>in vitro-</i>produced embryos. This study aimed to examine the impact of curcumin on developmental competence and the expression of important genes under normal and heat-stressed conditions during <i>in vitro</i> embryo production in buffalo.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Group-1: All embryo production steps (i.e., <i>in vitro</i> maturation [IVM], <i>in vitro</i> fertilization [IVF], and <i>in vitro</i> culture [IVC]) were conducted at 38.5°C. The presumed zygotes were cultured in media supplemented with different concentrations of curcumin, that is, 0 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM of curcumin. Group-2: All embryo production steps (i.e., IVM, IVF, and IVC) were carried out at 38.5°C. The presumed zygotes were cultured in media supplemented with different concentrations of curcumin, that is, 0 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM of curcumin, but the early cleaved embryos were exposed to heat stress (39.5°C) for 2 h after 48 h of IVF and then cultured at 38.5°C for embryo production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blastocyst production was 16.63 ± 1.49%, 21.46 ± 0.67%, and 6.50 ± 1.17% at control, 5 μM and 10 μM of curcumin at 38.5°C, respectively, whereas at 39.5°C, it was 8.59 ± 1.20%, 15.21 ± 1.31%, and 3.03 ± 1.20% at control, 5 μM and 10 μM curcumin, respectively. The blastocyst rate was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) at 5 μM curcumin compared with the control or 10 μM at 38.5°C and 39.5°C. The antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and pluripotency-related genes exhibited higher (p < 0.05) expression in the presence of 5 μM curcumin compared to 10 μM or control at both temperatures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Curcumin supplementation in embryo culture media effectively enhances embryo production <i>in vitro</i> and mitigates the adverse effects of heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2433-2442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the therapeutic potential of <i>Quercus ilex</i> acorn extract in papillomavirus-induced lesions.","authors":"Beatriz Medeiros-Fonseca, Ana I Faustino-Rocha, Maria João Pires, Maria João Neuparth, Helena Vala, Cármen Vasconcelos-Nóbrega, Irene Gouvinhas, Ana Novo Barros, Maria Inês Dias, Lillian Barros, Margarida M S M Bastos, Lio Gonçalves, Luís Félix, Carlos Venâncio, Rui Medeiros, Rui Miguel Gil da Costa, Paula A Oliveira","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2644-2658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2644-2658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Papillomaviruses (PVs) infections have been documented in numerous animal species across different regions worldwide. They often exert significant impacts on animal health and livestock production. Scientists have studied natural products for over half a century due to their diverse chemical composition, acknowledging their value in fighting cancer. Acorns (<i>Quercus ilex</i>) are believed to have several unexplored pharmacological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the <i>in vivo</i> safety and cancer chemopreventive activity of an infusion extract of <i>Q. ilex</i> in a transgenic mouse model of human PV (HPV)-16, which developed squamous cell carcinomas through a multistep process driven by HPV16 oncogenes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><i>Q. ilex</i> extract was prepared by heating in water at 90°C and then characterized by mass spectrometry. Phenolic compounds from this extract were administered in drinking water to female mice in three different concentrations (0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 g/mL) over a period of 28 consecutive days. Six groups (n = 6) were formed for this study: group 1 (G1, wildtype [WT], water), group 2 (G2, HPV, water), group 3 (G3, WT, 0.09 g/mL), group 4 (G4, HPV, 0.03 g/mL), group 5 (G5, HPV, 0.06 g/mL), and group 6 (G6, HPV, 0.09 g/mL). Throughout the experiment, humane endpoints, body weight, food intake, and water consumption were recorded weekly. Following the experimental period, all mice were sacrificed, and blood, internal organs, and skin samples were collected. Blood was used to measure glucose and microhematocrit and later biochemical parameters, such as creatinine, urea, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, and total proteins. Histological analysis was performed on skin and organ samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of <i>Q. ilex</i> extract resulted in a statistically significant increase in relative organ weight among HPV transgenic animals, indicating adaptive biological response to the tested concentrations. Moreover, a reduction in characteristic skin lesions was observed in animals treated with the 0.06 and 0.09 g/mL extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide a favorable chemopreventive profile for <i>Q. ilex</i> extract at concentrations of 0.06 and 0.09 g/mL. This study highlights the potential of <i>Q. ilex</i> extract as a safe and effective therapeutic strategy against HPV16-associated lesions in transgenic mouse models. The limitation of our study was the durability of transgenic animals. As a more sensitive species, we must always be careful with the durability of the test. We intend to study concentrations of 0.06 and 0.09 g/mL for longer to further investigate their possible effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2644-2658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fowl adenovirus 8a isolated from chickens with runting and stunting syndrome induces inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in chicken embryos.","authors":"Luis Nuñez, Silvana Santander-Parra, Marcia Catroxo, Claudete Serrano Astolfi-Ferreira, Anthony Loor-Giler, Antonio Piantino Ferreira","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2556-2566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2556-2566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is the etiological agent of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) in poultry. It is also detected in chickens with runting and stunting syndrome (RSS). FAdV has been detected worldwide, and genotypes 8a, 8b, and 11 have been identified in chickens with enteric problems in Brazil. Nevertheless, none of them have been isolated; therefore, these viruses propagate; thus, the viral behavior and pathogenicity are unknown in Brazil. This study aimed to isolate FAdV from the enteric content of chickens affected by RSS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Enteric content samples from chickens affected with RSS and a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for FAdV were inoculated into specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs (CEEs) through the yolk and chorioallantoic membrane routes on 8 and 10 days of age, respectively and the eggs were incubated for five days for viral isolation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The embryos exhibited dwarfism, beak atrophy, and pale claws. In addition, some embryos displayed edema and gelatin-like characteristics. The liver exhibited hepatomegaly and multiple necrotic foci, resembling the appearance of nutmeg. In addition, the kidneys appeared enlarged and pale. After 8 days of incubation, the hearts of the inoculated embryos showed hydropericardium. Microscopic evaluation revealed the presence of hepatitis, which was characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies and cellular necrosis. Viral FAdV particles were observed in kidney cells using electron microscopy. Viral DNA was detected in the embryos in all three passages, and viral gene copies were also measured in some organs, with high FAdV gene copies detected in the spleen and bursa beyond the liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The molecular characterization of FAdV revealed that the isolated strain belonged to genotype 8a of FAdV. Here, FAdV-8a from chickens infected with RSSs produced IBH/HHS in CEE, and FAdV-8a detected in RSS outbreaks, in addition to producing IBH/HHS in chicken embryos, could be a possible viral agent that causes IBH/HHS in chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2556-2566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a natural rubber-based scratcher as an environmental enrichment on the scratching behavior, cortisol level, and semen quality of stable male goats.","authors":"Sakdichod Kimsakulvech, Prarom Sriphavatsarakom, Sunsaneeya Thaikoed, Waraluk Oupala, Chainarong Punkong, Phirom Prompiram, Somchai Saingkaew, Orachun Hayakijkosol, Tuempong Wongtawan","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2443-2450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2443-2450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Goats are valuable livestock because they can generate meat and milk for human consumption. Goat husbandry is becoming more intensive due to the growing demand for goat products, which may impact animal welfare and natural behavior. This study aimed to investigate the impact of natural rubber (para rubber)-based scratchers as an environmental enrichment on scratching behavior, cortisol levels, and semen quality in stable bucks (male goats/goats).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nine male goats were used in this study. Scratching behavior and cortisol levels were used as welfare indicators, whereas semen quality was evaluated as an indicator of reproductive potential. These indicators were analyzed before and after scratcher installation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After installing the scratchers, the goats showed a significant increase in scratching behavior and a notable decrease in cortisol levels (p < 0.001). Notably, the goats exhibited a marked preference for scratching against the scratcher (p < 0.001) compared to the stable. They significantly preferred using their heads for scratching (p < 0.001) instead of other body parts. In addition, goats preferred to scratch on the softest rubber scratchers at specific installation locations (p < 0.001). Although there was a slight improvement in semen quality, there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A natural rubber-based scratcher can increase scratching behavior and reduce cortisol levels, indicating its potential to improve the welfare of farm goats. Selecting an appropriate hardness and preferred location is essential to ensure that the scratcher effectively encourages animals to use it.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2443-2450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian influenza in birds: Insights from a comprehensive review.","authors":"Siti Rani Ayuti, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Mirni Lamid, Mohammad Anam Al-Arif, Sunaryo Hadi Warsito, Otto Sahat Martua Silaen, Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses, Intan Permatasari Hermawan, Sheila Marty Yanestria, Mira Delima, Teuku Reza Ferasyi, Suhita Aryaloka","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2544-2555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2544-2555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the worst zoonotic illnesses, avian influenza (AI), or commonly referred to as bird flu, is caused by viruses belonging to the genus Influenza viruses, which are members of the Orthomyxoviridae family. The harmful effects of AI illness can affect both human and animal health and cause financial losses. Globally, the AI virus lacks political purpose and is not limited by geographical limits. It has been isolated from poultry, wild birds, and captive birds in Asia, North America, Europe, Australia, and South America. Their virulence is divided into highly pathogenic AI (HPAI) and low pathogenic AI (LPAI). The AI virus can also be diagnosed in a laboratory setting using molecular tests like real-time polymerase chain reaction or serological tests like the hemagglutinin inhibition test, agar gel immunodiffusion, antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and other immunoassays. The type of AI virus and host species determines the clinical manifestations, severity, and fatality rates of AI. Human infection with AI viruses typically results from direct transmission from infected birds to humans. AI outbreaks in domestic and wild birds are uncommon; however, an infection can pose a significant threat to public, veterinary, and medical health. Successful vaccination reduces the probability of AI H5N1 virus infection in meat and other poultry products and prevents systemic infection in chickens. This review will provide information that can be used as a reference for recognizing the dangers of AI and for preventing and controlling the disease, considering its potential to become a serious pandemic outbreak.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2544-2555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial lipopolysaccharide model of neuroinflammation-associated neurodegeneration in Wistar rats: A comparison between different durations of lipopolysaccharide induction.","authors":"Vandana Blossom, Sheetal Dinkar Ullal, Rajalakshmi Rai, Shrijeet Chakraborthi, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Mangala M Pai, Rajanigandha Vadgaonkar","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2567-2576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2567-2576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation can be the most dependable animal model for studying neurodegeneration mechanisms driven by systemic inflammation-induced neuroinflammation. Hence, this study aimed to standardize the LPS model of neuroinflammation by comparing the effect of relatively low-dose LPS administered for different durations on the induction of neurodegeneration in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six groups of six adult Wistar rats per group were used in the study. Group 1 was the control group, and the other five were administered single weekly dose of LPS (170 μg/kg) for increasing durations, ranging from 4 weeks to 8 weeks. The study endpoints included behavioral parameters, neuronal assay results, and the expression of microglia and astrocytes in the frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significant reduction in the number of neurons and an increase in glial cells at 5 weeks of exposure, along with a decline in memory. Thereafter, these changes were gradual until 7 weeks of exposure. However, at 8 weeks of exposure, there was no further statistically significant worsening compared with the group exposed for 7 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To effectively induce neuroinflammation and cause neuronal damage, a minimum of five weekly LPS administrations at a dose of 170 μg/kg is required. Moreover, our results recommend a maximum of 7 weeks of LPS exposure to create a chronic inflammatory model of neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2567-2576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coinfection of <i>Mycoplasma suis</i> and porcine circovirus type 3 is linked to reproductive failure in pig farms.","authors":"Tram Ngoc Thi Ngo, Nam Minh Nguyen, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech, Le Minh Thong, Trang Phuong Thi Nguyen, Toan Tat Nguyen, Duy Tien Do","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2477-2487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2477-2487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Reproductive disorders in swine herds pose significant challenges to pig breeding due to both infectious and non-infectious factors. In large-scale pig farming, coinfections are increasingly common, affecting sow health and herd productivity. This study aimed to determine occurrence and coinfection patterns of <i>Mycoplasma sui</i>s and porcine circovirus type 3 in Vietnamese pig farms and to evaluate their association with reproductive disorders and clinical signs in affected herds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected 291 samples from 15 farms, composed of whole blood and various tissues from fetuses and weak-born piglets. Molecular biological testing was conducted to detect key pathogens of interest. Consistently, porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) and porcine <i>Hemoplasma</i> were detected and sequenced for the whole genome and partial <i>16S rRNA</i>, respectively. The genetic diversity of PCV3 and <i>Mycoplasma suis</i> was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Various clinical signs, including abortion, stillborn, mummified, and weak-born piglets, and dermatitis, were recorded. <i>M. suis</i> was detected in 252/291 (86.59%) samples from all 15 surveyed farms, with an occurrence of 100%. PCV3 was detected in 35.05% (102/291) samples and 73.3% (11/15) of farms. PCV3 and <i>M. suis</i> coinfections were observed in 29.21% of the positive samples. It should be noted that most PCV3 Ct-values were above 30, indicating the existence of PCV3 in the herd but with insufficient data to confirm its pathogenic potential. The complete genomes of 10 PCV3 strains identified in this study exhibited high sequence homology, with >97% nucleotide identity. In addition, the eight partial <i>16S rRNA</i> porcine <i>Hemoplasma</i> sequences shared absolute identity with <i>M. suis</i> isolates from pigs in China and Germany.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report on the occurrence of <i>M. suis</i> and PCV3 in pigs from farms with reproductive failure provides important insights into the expanding global distribution of these pathogens. Our findings warrant further investigations of the pathogenic potential and economic implications of <i>M. suis</i> and PCV3 in pigs with reproductive failure in Vietnam.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2477-2487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of multiple infections of rodents with parasites and bacteria in the Sibang Arboretum, Libreville, Gabon.","authors":"Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Chimène Nze-Nkogue, Boris Kevin Makanga, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Judi Armel Bourobou Bourobou, Branly Cordia Bikie Bi Nso, Etienne François Akomo-Okoue, Cherone-Cheba Mbazoghe-Engo, Félicien Bangueboussa, Silas Lendzele Sevidzem, Ghislain Wilfried Ebang Ella, Lillian B Mangama Koumba, Fred Loïc Mindonga Nguelet, Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema, Larson Boundenga","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2506-2516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2506-2516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Rodents are carriers or reservoirs of various bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and ectoparasites. Given the proximity of various rodent species and humans, there is a potential for the transmission of pathogens. Data on ecto- and endo-parasite prevalence in rodent populations in Gabon are limited. To fill this gap, we conducted a study in Libreville to investigate the occurrence of ecto- and endo-parasites in rodents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We captured and euthanized 68 rodents belonging to the genus <i>Praomys</i> and examined their ecto- and endo-parasite fauna, dissected their gastrointestinal tract for helminths, and prepared blood smears to examine blood-borne pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analyses identified three pathogen taxa: helminths (<i>Protospirura</i> spp., <i>Trichuris</i> spp., and <i>Taenia</i> spp.), protozoa (<i>Babesia</i> spp.), bacteria (<i>Anaplasma</i> spp.), and arthropods (<i>Laelaps</i> and <i>Haemaphysalis</i>). Overall, 91.2% of the rodents were infected with at least one pathogen and ectoparasite, with helminth occurrence rate of 63.2% and ectoparasite occurrence at 44.1%. Protozoan infections (<i>Babesia</i> spp.) were found in 10.3% of the rodents, whereas bacteria (<i>Anaplasma</i> spp.) had an occurrence rate of 39.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Native rodents in Libreville harbor various infectious agents, ecto- andendo-parasites. These findings highlight the potential health risks associated with <i>Praomys</i> rodents for the transmission of various diseases to human population in Gabon and emphasize the need for investigation of rodents for their role as disease carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2506-2516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dog cardiac orientation on vertebral heart score measurements in different thoracic types.","authors":"Suphat Soeratanapant, Somchin Sutthigran, Phasamon Saisawart, Nardtiwa Chaivoravitsakul, Kongthit Horoongruang, Luksamee Limpongsai, Artima Tantarawanich, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Kittipong Tachampa, Nan Choisunirachon","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2635-2643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2635-2643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Computed tomographic (CT) images can elucidate the variations of cardiac orientation that this information among dog breeds has never been reported. This study aimed to explore the heart orientations of dogs with different thoracic types and study their effects on vertebral heart score (VHS) measurements using CT images.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thoracic CT images of 115 mature dogs without thoracic abnormalities were retrospectively examined. The dogs were classified into four groups: Normal Broad, Abnormal Broad, Normal, and Deep. All dogs were also classified based on their heart deviations. The VHSs were evaluated using lateral VHS, dorsal VHS, and adjusted VHS, and all were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the normal broad and abnormal broad groups, the lateral VHS and lateral long-axis dimensions were significantly lower than those obtained from the dorsal and adjusted VHSs. In addition, heart deviations were mostly observed in the normal broad and abnormal broad groups. Nevertheless, little evidence was found in the normal and deep groups. The lateral VHS and lateral long-axis dimensions were significantly reduced by heart deviation more than the dorsal and adjusted VHSs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac orientations among dog breeds can affect VHSs of lateral projection, especially in the broad thoracic group. Clinical evaluation of the VHS in the broad thoracic dogs should be performed on the dorsal view for more accurate measurement of heart size.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2635-2643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Indonesia: A meta-analysis and systematic review.","authors":"Vika Ichsania Ninditya, Fitrine Ekawasti, Joko Prastowo, Irkham Widiyono, Wisnu Nurcahyo","doi":"10.14202/vetworld.2024.2675-2687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2024.2675-2687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) pose a major health challenge for cattle in Indonesia. GIP infections affect the production and reproductive performance of cattle, resulting in economic losses. However, the prevalence and distribution of infections have not been comprehensively profiled at the national level. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of GIP infections in cattle in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Overall, 667 articles were identified from six databases in English and Bahasa Indonesia. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts based on the inclusion criteria (i.e., GIP prevalence in cattle in Indonesia), 67 articles were included in the data review. Data were pooled using a random-effects model in STATA software. Heterogeneity was tested using Cochran's Q-value and I² statistics, whereas publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall pooled prevalence of GIP in Indonesia was 46% (95% confidence interval 37%-55%), with a total population of 17,278 cattle screened. The I² value was 99.59%, Cochran's Q-value was 15,957.25, and p = 0.001. The results of the regional meta-analysis based on the provinces in the three zones of Indonesia showed estimated prevalence rates of 54.0%, 52.7%, and 53.7% in Western, Central, and Eastern Indonesia, respectively. The parasite with the highest prevalence was <i>Eimeria</i> spp. (37.7%), followed by nematodes (34.4%) and trematodes (<i>Fasciola</i> spp., 21.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings reveal a high prevalence of GIPs in cattle across Indonesia, with significant variability across regions and parasite types. <i>Eimeri</i>a spp., nematodes, and trematodes represent the most prevalent infections and underscore the urgent need for region-specific control strategies, including improved livestock management practices, routine screening, and integrated parasitic control programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23587,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary World","volume":"17 11","pages":"2675-2687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}