Vestnik otorinolaringologii最新文献

{"title":"[Modern possibilities for the diagnosis of voice disorders using computer acoustic analysis of voice and artificial intelligence].","authors":"A I Kryukov, S G Romanenko, O G Pavlikhin, D I Kurbanova, E V Lesogorova, O V Eliseev, Kh Z Khaybulaev, E N Krasilnikova, T K Polyaeva","doi":"10.17116/otorino202691041109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino202691041109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the review is to analyze modern approaches to the diagnosis of voice disorders using AI and acoustic analysis, as well as to evaluate their effectiveness and prospects for implementation in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>A review of domestic and foreign literature sources on the use of computer acoustic analysis and AI technologies in the diagnosis of diseases of the vocal apparatus is carried out.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The material for the analysis was publications in scientific journals, the results of clinical trials, data on the use of specialized software systems (PRAAT, MDVP, LingWaves) and machine learning-based systems (SVM, CNN, RNN and their combinations). Data on diagnostic accuracy, interpretability of results, and applicability in real clinical practice were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acoustic analysis of the voice makes it possible to detect pathological changes in the early stages, before the appearance of pronounced symptoms. The PRAAT and MDVP programs have become the standard in assessing the spectral and temporal characteristics of a voice. The introduction of AI has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy (up to 95-97% in individual studies). Machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks automate diagnostics, allow you to identify hidden patterns and use data obtained even from mobile devices. However, there are still unresolved issues of database standardization, interpretability of models, and ethical and legal aspects of their implementation. Despite the high efficiency of technologies, their use requires the development of uniform standards, ensuring the transparency of algorithms and multidisciplinary interaction of specialists.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 4","pages":"109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sensorineural hearing loss and autoimmune diseases: relevant view on the problem].","authors":"I V Savenko, M Yu Boboshko","doi":"10.17116/otorino20269102157","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20269102157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (sASNHL, secondary autoimmune inner ear disease, sAIED) is hearing impairment that might occur in case of systemic or organ-specific autoimmune disorders before or after the main disease manifestation. The onset of sensorineural hearing loss before the specific clinical picture of the underlying disease with a difference of several months and years can lead to serious diagnostic errors. The relevance of the sASNHL issue is due to the risk of developing profound hearing loss that is poorly corrected using traditional methods and may finally require cochlear implantation. All the diagnostic mistakes do happen because of lack of data about sASNHL pathogenesis and clinical features that delay its diagnostics and thus treatment. The significance of sASNHL problem is determined by increase of number of autoimmune pathology in recent decades and their adverse outcomes. The article presents up-to-date information on etiopathogenesis, pathomorphology, clinical features, laboratory, genetic and radiation diagnostic methods, and criteria for the verification of sASNHL. Therapy options using both traditional means of immunosuppression (corticosteroids, cytostatics) and modern biological drugs, as well as progressive and promising semi-surgical methods are described in detail. Gene therapy opportunities are also shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 2","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Surgical nuances and functional outcomes of cochlear implantation with incomplete separation of type II cochlea (Mondini)].","authors":"K M Diab, V I Popadyuk, O A Paschinina, M Hariri, H Shur","doi":"10.17116/otorino20269102125","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20269102125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The modern classification of abnormalities in the development of the inner ear gives an idea of the diversity of such pathology, is useful in determining indications for cochlear implantation, surgical access and the method of insertion of an active electrode array.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the surgical features and results of CI in patients with incomplete cochlea type II separation, with special attention to the prevention and control of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid and electrode placement.</p><p><p>Materials and Methods: From 2020 to 2025, 25 patients were examined and operated on at the NMICO of the FMBA of Russia, including 11 boys and 14 girls aged 8 months to 6 years, most of them were children aged 1-3 years (18 patients).</p><p><p>Discussion. Our study has demonstrated that cochlear implantation in patients with incomplete type II separation (Mondini), despite the high risk of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid, is technically feasible and leads to a significant improvement in auditory-speech function. Preventive surgical tactics and adaptation of the electrode insertion method proved to be key to success.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CI in case of incomplete separation of the type II cochlea is highly effective, but it requires the surgeon to be prepared for the «gusher» phenomenon and precise electrode installation techniques to achieve optimal results.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest: </strong>The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 2","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Results of surgical treatment of pathology of the internal auditory canal].","authors":"H M Diab, N A Daikhes, O A Paschinina, O S Panina","doi":"10.17116/otorino2026910214","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino2026910214","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the pre-, intraoperative data and the results of surgical treatment of patients with the internal auditory canal (IAC) pathology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Preoperative pure tone audiometry, CT scans of the temporal bones and MRI scans of the cerebellopontine angles (CPA) and brain, intraoperative data, as well as postoperative results were analyzed in 92 patients with IAC pathology, who underwent surgery at the National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology of FMBA, Russian Federation. All patients were divided into two groups: 1) with true lesions of the IAC structures; 2) with pathology of the temporal bone, involving the IAC from the outside.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Clinical manifestations in both groups were similar, with the leading symptom of hearing loss (97.8%). Dysfunction of the facial nerve before surgery was more often detected in patients from the second group of patients (in 80.7% of cases). Translabyrinthine approach was the most often used to remove the pathological process (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=58, 63%), if necessary, intratemporal reconstruction of the facial nerve at the level of IAC or CPA (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=18, 19.5%) was performed. In the 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; group of patients, significantly better results were obtained in the removal of the pathological process in comparison with the second group (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=11 (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=79), df=1, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01): residual tumor was detected in 9% of cases; in the second group, the residual process was noted in 36.9%. The auditory function remained at the same level in 80% of patients operated on through the middle cranial fossa approach from the 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; group; other patients operated on by other surgical approaches were deaf. In the early postoperative period, almost 40% of patients had grade IV-V facial nerve dysfunction, while at the last follow-up, most of the operated patients showed an improvement in their functional status in both groups up to grade I-III (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=63, 68.5%). Perioperative complications occurred in patients with a widespread process in both groups of cases. The leading complication was cerebrospinal fluid leak (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=9, 9.8%), in 7 cases that required surgical correction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Destructive processes of the temporal bone with spread to the IAC are associated with a higher risk of facial dysfunction and deafness at the preoperative stage than with true pathology of the temporal bone. Patients with a short duration of facial muscles paralysis can be successfully rehabilitated during the removal of the pathological process by translabyrinthine approach. True intracanalicular IAC pathology usually manifests by milder symptoms and in some cases can be effectively removed by MCF approach with the preservation of auditory function; wait-and-scan protocol is an alternative in such cases. Large IAC and CPA pathology with compression of the brainstem is an indication for surgi","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 2","pages":"4-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Counseling as a basic therapeutic approach in patients with tinnitus].","authors":"A Yu Ovchinnikov, N A Miroshnichenko, K V Savranskaya, N S Ryzhkova","doi":"10.17116/otorino20269101118","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20269101118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tinnitus is a heterogeneous condition with a wide range of impact on a person's daily life. In clinical practice, patients with tinnitus consult different specialists and do not always receive optimal medical care. The article provides information on key aspects of counseling a patient with tinnitus, intended for members of a multidisciplinary team that carries out the treatment of tinnitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 1","pages":"18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147322193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical manifestations and local inflammatory-destructive changes in congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process].","authors":"N V Boiko","doi":"10.17116/otorino20269104192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20269104192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process is less common than its other temporal bone locations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize current data on the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A bibliographic search was done in the eLibrary, PudMed, and ScienceDirect databases using the keywords: \"mastoid process\" and \"cholesteatoma\". Articles were selected based on their relevance to congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process. Only reports describing cholesteatoma localized exclusively to the mastoid process without involvement of the tympanic cavity or antrum, confirmed by radiological examination data and intraoperative findings, were considered. A total of 28 publications were selected, which described 37 cases of congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the severity of clinical symptoms and destructive changes, the following stages of congenital mastoid cholesteatoma development were identified: Stage I - the cholesteatoma is asymptomatic and constitutes an incidental finding; Stage II - nonspecific symptoms appear: swelling behind the ear, pain in the retroauricular region and neck, and intermittent ear discharge (through a fistula in the posterior wall of the external auditory canal while the eardrum remains intact). Radiological and intraoperative findings reveal destruction of the mastoid cortex, the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, and the mastoid apex without exposure of the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa; stage III - headache and dizziness also manifest. There is destruction of the inner mastoid wall with exposure of the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa, compression of the cerebellar hemisphere and/or endolymphatic sac, destruction of the posterior semicircular canal wall, involvement of the sigmoid sinus and the jugular bulb in the process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is important to note that congenital mastoid cholesteatoma is asymptomatic for a long period. Unlike middle ear cholesteatoma, it does not impair hearing and is invisible on otoscopy. Consequently, it is diagnosed only in adulthood, following the development of mastoid destruction and the involvement of surrounding structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 4","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Topical Therapy of Otitis Externa: Potential Use of Combined Preparations].","authors":"K K Baranov, E N Kotova, E O Vyazmenov, E V Titova, A A Pikhurowskaya, M M Polunin","doi":"10.17116/otorino20269104132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20269104132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the potential use of a combined topical preparation in the form of ear drops containing chloramphenicol, clotrimazole, beclomethasone dipropionate, and lidocaine in the treatment of patients with acute otitis externa, based on the clinical presentation and characteristics of the microbiological profile.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of medical records of 168 patients with acute otitis externa over a 5-year period was performed. The study included children older than 6 years and adult patients. All patients underwent otorhinolaryngological examination, culture-based microbiological testing of discharge from the external auditory canal with species identification, CFU/mL counts and analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility data for clinically significant bacterial isolates according to laboratory reports, as well as local therapy with a combined topical preparation in the form of ear drops containing chloramphenicol, clotrimazole, beclomethasone dipropionate, and lidocaine. In cases where inflammation spread to the skin of the auricle, a combined ointment containing chloramphenicol and methyluracil was additionally used. Treatment efficacy was assessed based on the dynamics of subjective symptoms and objective signs of inflammation; tolerability was evaluated according to the presence of adverse events. Statistical analysis included calculation of mean values and proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positive clinical dynamics were observed with the use of the combined topical ear drop preparation in patients with acute otitis externa: therapy resulted in regression of the main symptoms in 96.4% of patients, including reduction of otalgia, edema, hyperemia of the external auditory canal skin, and pathological discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined topical therapy with an ear drop preparation demonstrated high efficacy and a favorable safety profile in the treatment of acute otitis externa in children older than 6 years and adult patients, providing positive clinical dynamics in 96.4% of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"91 4","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Etymology of the auditory ossicles names in the work \"Onomatologia anatomica\" by Josef Hyrtl].","authors":"S A Kutia, N G Nikolaeva, Yu Yu Abrosimov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article represents translation of chapters of the scientific work \"Onomatologia anatomica\" (1880) by the Austrian physician and anatomist Josef Hyrtl, devoted to terminology used in the description of the auditory ossicles, namely \"Malleus\", \"Incus\", \"Stapes\".</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical case of unilateral tinnitus and pathology of the main vessels of the neck].","authors":"Kh T Abdulkerimov, K I Kartashova, R S Davydov, Z Kh Abdulkerimov, A V Egorushkina","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tinnitus (tinnitus) refers to the earliest and most common pathological symptoms of a number of diseases of the organ of hearing, as well as diseases and functional disorders of other organs and systems. The purpose of this publication is to draw the attention of practicing physicians (otorhinolaryngologists, internists, neurologists) to such a symptom as unilateral tinnitus, which in the presented clinical case was the result of dissection of the internal carotid artery. Additional diagnostic measures carried out in a timely manner, a multidisciplinary approach, and the use of modern radiation research methods made it possible to carry out early diagnosis of internal carotid artery dissection and prevent such severe complications as stroke, cerebrovascular accident, and arterio-arterial embolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Malignization of sinonasal inverted papilloma: literature review and clinical case].","authors":"K E Klimenko, Yu Yu Rusetsky, V S Zakharov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inverted papilloma (SIP) is a relatively rare benign epithelial tumor of the nasal cavity which characterized by an aggressive course with local destruction of surrounding structures, a tendency to recurrence and associated with malignancy. Etiology remains little understood. SIPs is most commonly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) and mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes, which are upregulated in recurrent SIPs.These factors are responsible for theinverted papilloma transformation into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Prognosis of sinonasal SCC is poor, in most cases likely owing to its advanced stage at presentation. Treatment includes complete SIP removal by endoscopic approach with histological examination. Follow-up of these patients is critical to diagnosing relapse, which can be either early or late. It is important to diagnose recurrence to enable early treatment, especially in case of associated carcinoma or malignancy. In case of SCC, additional radiotherapy and/or neoadjuvant chemotherapy is needed, because it shows promising results in improving outcomes. In this article, we present a clinical case of managing a patient with malignancy of inverted papilloma, which led to extensive destruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"83-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}