Vestnik otorinolaringologii最新文献

{"title":"[Clinical case of tuberculous otitis media in early childhood].","authors":"A Yu Ivoylov, M M Polunin, N A Mileshina, S S Osipenkov, A N Radtsig","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248901132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248901132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, the incidence of tuberculosis remains high all over the world, despite the vaccination, medical support, social policy. The main reasons for this are the high level of migration, the prevalence of bad habits, the prevalence of immunodeficiency conditions, the formation of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, the tendency to refuse vaccination. At the same time, great difficulties arise in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary forms of infection. The purpose of this publication is to remind about the peculiarities of the course and diagnosis of tuberculous otitis media. According to the literature, the main characteristic features of tuberculous of the middle ear are prolonged suppuration without pronounced pain syndrome, inefficiency of standard antibacterial therapy, the anamnestic data about contacts or violation of the vaccination schedule, multiple perforations and a pronounced granulation process during otoscopy, a pronounced destructive process in the temporal bone during X-ray examination. The article presents a clinical case of the development of tuberculous otitis media in a young child with delayed diagnostics and the development of mastoiditis with required emergency surgical treatment. Verification of the etiology of the disease and the specific treatment carried out made it possible to achieve complete relief of ear symptoms, restoration of the tympanic membrane and ventilation of the middle ear.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140176698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Compression elastography as a new method of ultrasound imaging in the differential diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis].","authors":"N A Daikhes, A I Kryukov, I A Kim, E V Nosulya, E A Zubareva, D V Trukhin, I V Rychkova, T V Sukhostavtseva, A S Tovmasyan","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248904120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248904120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic tonsillitis remains as an urgent problem in modern otorhinolaryngological practice, which requires improving the diagnostic methods of this pathology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To increase the diagnostic information content of objective methods for differential diagnosis of different forms of chronic tonsillitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study involved 97 patients who were divided into two groups: the 1st group (39 patients) - with a simple form; the 2nd group (58 patients) - with a toxic-allergic form of chronic tonsillitis. To assess the structure of the palatine tonsils, patients underwent ultrasound in the compression elastography mode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to results, patient with simple form of chronic tonsillitis in 64.1±7.68% cases had rigid structure of palatine tonsils, while toxic-allergic form is characterized by an elastic structure of the tonsils (58.62±6.47%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ultrasound compression elastography helps to value efficiently the pathology of the palatine tonsils and conduct a differential diagnosis of clinical forms of chronic tonsillitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 4","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Peak nasal inspiratory flow in the assessment of nasal airway obstruction].","authors":"S V Krasilnikova, A S Kolesnik, K V Gorbunova, T I Eliseeva, A V Shakhov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248904147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248904147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Relevance: </strong>Nasal congestion is one of the most common complaints in otolaryngology practice and can significantly impact the quality of life for patients. Objective and subjective assessments provide different information, but objective assessment of nasal obstruction is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This review demonstrates that peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) is a reproducible and reliable measure of objective nasal patency. It is inexpensive, easy to use, suitable for serial measurements, and can be applied to patients of different age groups. PNIF is recommended for use in every outpatient clinic that treats patients with nasal congestion.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize the data on the application of PNIF in diagnosing conditions of the nasal airways.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Publications (articles and relevant abstracts) available in the PubMed and eLibrary databases were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PNIF offers an objective and non-invasive assessment of nasal airflow, aiding in diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and preoperative planning. Further research, standardization, and establishment of normative data will enhance the informative value of peak nasal inspiratory flow in assessing nasal obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 4","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sinonasal hemangiomas: principles of diagnosis and treatment. Literature review].","authors":"A S Tovmasyan, K E Klimenko, E I Zelikovich, A G Kurilenkova, E V Filina, A E Kishinevskii, S R Ramazanov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248904154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248904154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemangiomas of the nasal cavity are extremely rare in the practice of an otorhinolaryngologist and can be presented in various histopathological variants. Scientific data on hemangiomas of the sinonasal region are analyzed and systematized. The article describes the principles of diagnosis and choice of the method of surgical treatment of hemangiomas. An analysis of the literature data shows that with hemangiomas of the nasal cavity, a comprehensive examination of the patient is required, including collection of complaints and anamnesis, endoscopy of the nasal cavity and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses, and with significant hemangiomas spreading to neighboring anatomical areas, magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous contrast.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 4","pages":"54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cochleovestibular manifestations in coronavirus infection].","authors":"N L Kunelskaya, Ya Yu Nikitkina, Z O Zaoeva, E V Baibakova, E S Yanyushkina, M A Chugunova, Yu V Levina, E A Manaenkova, S D Revazishvili","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248903118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248903118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main causes of the of the inner ear pathology is a viral infection including SARS-CoV-2 virus. On the other hand the psycho-emotional state of patients also affects patients with hearing loss, tinnitus and dizziness, and an increase in depression and anxiety was revealed during the period of self-isolation. Goal of our study was to analyze cochleovestibular pathology in patients with COVID-19. The study involved 84 patients and the leading complaint was hearing loss - in 70 patients, tinnitus - in 54 patients, dizziness - in 50 patients. In addition, an increased anxiety background was found in patients, as well as signs of depression. Thus, the 2020 pandemic period was a high risk period for patients with inner ear pathology, which may be associated not only with the actual pathological effect of the virus on the auditory and vestibular system, but also with changes in the psycho-emotional status of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 3","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Modern pharmacotherapy of acute bacterial sinusitis: results of an open randomized clinical trial of the therapeutic equivalence of Cefixime EXPRESS and Suprax Solutab].","authors":"A I Kryukov, A V Gurov, G B Shadrin, G N Izotova, M A Yushkina, A V Muzhichkova, P K Zotova","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248903148","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20248903148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute bacterial sinusitis is one of the most common causes of prescribing systemic antibacterial drugs in otorhinolaryngology. With bacterial etiology of the disease, beta-lactam antibiotics are prescribed, in particular cefixim. Cefixim in the form of dispersible tablets has high clinical and bacteriological efficiency, as well as good tolerability in patients with acute sinusitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the therapeutic equivalence of two drugs of cefixim (reproduced drug Cefixim Express and reference drug Suprax Solutab) in patients with acute bacterial sinusitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>60 adult patients with a diagnosis of acute bacterial sinusitis took part in a randomized open comparative clinical study. Patients of group 1 (<i>n</i>=30) received the drug Cefixim Express in the form of dispersible tablets 400 mg once a day. Group 2 (<i>n</i>=30) received Suprax Solutab in the form of dispersible tablets 400 mg once a day. The duration of treatment course was 7 days. All patients conducted general clinical and otorhinolaryngological examinations, assessment of symptoms of acute sinusitis, assessment of the general clinical impression of the therapy, tolerance of treatment, analysis of the frequency of unwanted phenomena before treatment, 3 days after the beginning of therapy and after the course completion (7 days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recovery occurred in 63.3% of patients in group 1 according to the inspection on the 7^th day of treatment and in 66.67% of patients in group 2. The rate of clinical symptoms regression by the end of therapy was comparable in the comparison groups. Hyperemia of the nasal mucosa, purulent nasal discharge and difficulty in nasal breathing (<i>p</i><0.01) regressed by the 7^th day in patients of both treatment groups. The incidence of adverse reactions on the 7^th day of treatment in group 1 was 10%, in group 2 - 6.7% (<i>p</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The drug Cefixim Express has high therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis, comparable to Suprax Solutab. Cefixime EXPRESS has demonstrated a good tolerability and a favorable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 3","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acoustic reflex as one of the indicators of the maturity of the functioning of the auditory analyzer].","authors":"A G Matroskin, I N D'yakonova, V S Belyakova","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248906118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248906118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The acoustic reflex is a physiological protective mechanism of the sound-conducting system of the auditory analyzer, which allows to identify various retrocochlear lesions of the human auditory system. The absence of its registration may indicate both pathology and immaturity of the auditory analyzer in children of the first year of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To register the acoustic reflex in children of the first year of life, to identify a full-fledged acoustic reflex at various frequencies and to analyze the dependence of its appearance on the timing of gestation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 420 children (840 ears). The children are distributed relative to the gestation period at birth and age at the time of examination. After determining the normal auditory function, the initial and final acoustic reflex latency was studied in all children. The acoustic reflex was taken into account only when registering the initial and final latency, otherwise an acoustic reaction was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It has been shown that the registration of an acoustic reflex depends on both the age and gestation period, as well as on the frequency of the stimulating tone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acoustic reflex is not registered even by the age of 12 months in all children of the first year of life, which must be taken into account when conducting acoustic reflexometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 6","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Differential diagnosis of acute maxillary ethmoiditis complicated by orbital abscess with dacryocystitis and phlegmon of the lacrimal sac in children].","authors":"I I Svirchevskiy, M M Polunin, E Yu Radtsig, Yu L Soldatskiy, O A Denisova, S R Edgem, A A Poliakov, R M Radjabov, L B Kononov, M N Nikitina","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248906146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248906146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The differential diagnosis of orbital complications of rhinosinusitis with diseases of the lacrimal sac in childhood remains unresolved both due to the similarity of the symptoms of the diseases and due to certain diagnostic difficulties requiring computed tomography.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop an algorithm for routing a patient to the emergency department of a multidisciplinary emergency hospital based on clinical and diagnostic distinctive features of sinusitis with orbital complications and diseases of the lacrimal sac with reactive edema of the eyelids.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort analysis of children's medical histories, who were treated in the otorhinolaryngological and ophthalmological departments of the Morozovskaya Children's City Clinical Hospital during 2022 was performed for orbital complications of rhinosinusitis or dacryocystitis with reactive edema of the eyelids. The patients were divided into two groups, according to the main diagnosis: group I included children with intraorbital complications of sinusitis, and group II included patients with diseases of the lacrimal sac.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 275 patients (170 children with intraorbital complications of sinusitis and 105 patients with diseases of the lacrimal sac). The median age of patients was 10 years (Q₁-Q₃ 7-13 years) for patients in group I and 8 months (Q₁-Q₃ 6-11 months) for group II. In children with intraorbital complications of sinusitis, pain in the sinus projection area (96.4%), nasal congestion (94.1%) and discharge in the nasal cavity (90.6%) were most often noted. The highest prognostic significance for this disease was pain in the sinus projection (positive prognostic value 92.1%, negative prognostic value 93.8%) and nasal congestion (positive prognostic value 94.1%, negative prognostic value 90.5%). CT markers with a high level of specificity for intraorbital complications of sinusitis are: thickening of the ocular muscles, thickening or destruction of the medial orbital wall, fat infiltration or orbital abscess. For dacryocystitis, computed tomography (CT) markers are: infiltrative changes in the lacrimal sac, phlegmon and abscess of the lacrimal sac.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The greatest diagnostic value for orbital complications of sinusitis is pain in the sinus projection, as well as the presence of swelling and nasal discharge. CT scan of the paranasal sinuses has greater specificity in determining infiltrative changes in the lacrimal sac, intraorbital tissue and musculoskeletal structures of the orbit and is indicated for all patients with suspected orbital complication of rhinosinusitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 6","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunomodulatory therapy in the postoperative period in chronic purulent otitis media].","authors":"Z M Saidov, Yu A Dzhamaludinov, Kh M Diab, V Yu Khanaliev, A V Krivtsov, M Z Saidov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248906110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20248906110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents the results of the evaluation of cellular and humoral immunity in chronic purulent otitis media (CPOM), as well as cytokine status, and studies the effect of azoximers bromide on the immunity system in CPOM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the clinical and immunologic effectiveness of azoximer bromide in the postoperative period during tympanoplasty in CPOM patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-nine patients with mesotympanitis and epitympanitis were examined. All patients underwent tympanoplasty using Overlay and Underlay techniques. In all patients the state of cellular and humoral immunity was studied by CD-markers, as well as the levels of cytokines - IL-1b, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α. Clinical and immunologic effectiveness of azoximers bromide in the postoperative period during tympanoplasty in CPOM patients was studied on the basis of the analysis of changes in the mentioned immunologic indices and clinical condition of patients.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>All examined patients with mesotympanitis and epitympanitis who underwent surgical treatment had conductive hearing loss of I-II degree. A decrease in the level of CD3/4⁺ and CD3/8⁺ cells, an increase in the level of CD16/56⁺ and CD19⁺ cells, as well as serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines - IL-1b, IFN-γ, TNF-α and C-reactive protein were determined. The inclusion of azoximers bromide into the standard postoperative therapy was accompanied by a tendency to normalization of the most informative indices of the immunity system: immunoregulatory index CD4/CD8, cytotoxicity index CD8/NK and immunoregulatory cytokines IFN-γ/IL-10 index, as well as such an important indicator of the degree of inflammation activity as serum level of C-reactive protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of evaluation of immunotropic action of this drug, as well as the clinical effect of its use allow to recommend azoximera bromide as an additional means in postoperative treatment and management of patients with CPOM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 6","pages":"10-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Lobular hemangioma of the vestibular larynx].","authors":"S V Starostina, N V Zimnitskaya, M N Podmareva, V M Svistushkin","doi":"10.17116/otorino20248905167","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20248905167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lobular capillary hemangioma, or pyogenic granuloma (PG), is a benign vascular tumor that occurs on the skin and mucous membrane in the upper digestive and respiratory tracts in the form of inflammatory hyperplasia, most often in the mouth or nose. Predisposing factors for tumor development include previous trauma, hormonal imbalance, infections, drug side effects, and genetic abnormalities associated with angiogenesis and vascular damage. Since the clinical and endoscopic manifestations of PG are diverse and nonspecific, the results of histological examination are decisive in the diagnosis of this pathology. The literature presents a limited amount of data on the clinic and treatment of tracheal PG and provides isolated publications on the laryngeal localization of PG in adults. In this article, we report on our own clinical observation of PG in the vestibular larynx in a 60-year-old man who complained of a foreign body sensation in the throat, snoring and sleep apnea. Laryngostroboscopy and contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a 1.5×1.8 cm formation in the vestibular region, floating during breathing and obstructing the entrance to the larynx. After flexible tracheobronchoscopy with tracheal intubation, the patient underwent direct supporting microlaryngoscopy with the removal of the neoplasm, for which a radio wave electrode was used. The results of histological examination showed neoplastic proliferation of small blood vessels growing in a lobular architecture, with edematous stroma and pronounced inflammatory infiltration, which corresponds to the diagnosis of lobular capillary laryngeal hemangioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"89 5","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}