Vestnik otorinolaringologii最新文献

{"title":"[Immunotherapy in the treatment of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis with comorbid bronchial asthma].","authors":"E V Bezrukova, S A Artyushkin, E A Varyushina, A S Simbirtsev","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259001129","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259001129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leading factors in the pathogenesis of chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CRSwNP) are dysfunction of the epithelial barrier of the nasal and sinus mucosa and dysregulation of the immune system, both at the systemic and local levels. A Th2-mediated immune response plays a central role in the development of disease in patients with CRSwNP CRPS, and CRSwNP is often associated with bronchial asthma (BA). At the present time, for the conservative treatment of patients with CRSwNP+BA, preference is given to drug therapy aimed at the correction of mucosal immunity. The use of interferon α2β (IFN α2β) and the dipeptide γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan may reduce the severity of the long-term local inflammatory process. However, the clinical efficacy of these drugs in the context of chronic polyposis has not been studied. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical application of recombinant IFN α2β, recombinant IFN α2β in combination with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan and IL-4Rα receptor inhibitor in the treatment of patients with CRSwNP+BA. The patients were divided into three groups. In the first group (31 people), 1 million units of interferon alpha2b were injected into the polyposis tissue for five days. In the second group (31 people), interferon alpha2b at a dose of 1 million units and gamma-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan at a dose of 0.1 mg were injected into the polypous tissue for five days. To assess the dynamics of clinical symptoms in the reference group (31 people), a drug with a known mechanism of action and efficacy - a genetically engineered IL-4Rα receptor inhibitor - was used. This drug was used 300 mg once every 2 weeks subcutaneously for 1 year. The obtained results showed that recombinant IFN α2β in combination with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan are pathogenetically appropriate preparations for conservative treatment of patients with the following initial indicators: severity of the polyposis process - 2.2+0.2 points, swelling - 2.8+0.4 points, and amount of discharge - 2.9+0.3 points. A single 5-day course of the above-mentioned preparations had a positive therapeutic effect, which was accompanied by a pronounced reduction in the clinical symptoms of the disease: the volume of polyposis tissue, nasal breathing difficulties and swelling of the nasal mucosa after one month and was maintained for one year. At the same time, the results of our study indicate the necessity of a longer period of application of recombinant IFN α2β in combination with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan in patients with CRSwNP+BA. The data obtained were comparable to the corresponding indicators when using the IL-4Ra inhibitor. In our opinion, the mechanism of action of the preparations is associated with a decrease in the activity of inflammatory and proliferative processes in the nasal and sinus mucosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparative evaluation of different methods of premaxillary ridge correction during septoplasty].","authors":"G Yu Tsarapkin, E V Nosulya, T A Aleksanyan, K E Klimenko, A S Tovmasyan, M Yu Polyaeva, D S Ogorodnikov, M A Yushkina, V V Mosin, R B -T Kitieva, N V Shvedov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259006160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259006160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a comparative analysis of various techniques for correcting the premaxillary crest used in septoplasty, evaluated in terms of their clinical effectiveness and complication rates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and frequency of complications associated with incisive canal injury in various methods of premaxillary ridge correction in patients with nasal septal curvature.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study involved 125 patients. Three groups of patients were formed based on the surgical method applied: in the first group, a premaxillary crest crista was performed using a surgical chisel, in the second group, instrumental correction was carried out using only a raspatory and Blakesley forceps, and in the third group, a motorized system was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Classical instrumental techniques are associated with an increased risk of complications, such as intraoperative bleeding from the vascular-nervous bundle of the incisive canal and paresthesia in the area of the upper incisors. In instrumental correction of the premaxillary crest without using motorized systems, secondary deviation of the premaxillary crest is possible, which can lead to recurrent nasal obstruction in the postoperative period. The use of a motorized system significantly reduces the risk of such complications and contributes to improve nasal breathing in the postoperative period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of motor systems in nasal septum surgery demonstrates a high level of safety and efficacy compared to traditional methods, making it a promising area for further scientific research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 6","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145850910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Otoanatomist Antonio Maria Valsalva and his maneuver (on the 360th anniversary of his birth)].","authors":"T A Fominykh, S A Kutia, V V Kiselev, M A Alexeev, D V Petrovsky","doi":"10.17116/otorino202590061133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino202590061133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The famous Italian anatomist and surgeon Antonio Maria Valsalva was born in 1666 in Imola to a noble family. At the University of Bologna, where Valsalva graduated in 1687, he studied biology, mathematics and medicine; then he worked as a teacher in the department of anatomy and also practiced as a surgeon. The name of Antonio Valsalva is widely known in scientific medical circles due to his contribution to the development of descriptive human anatomy, as well as physiology, surgery and pathological anatomy. First of all, Valsalva made a significant contribution to otolaryngology. In 1704, in the famous treatise «De Aure Humana Tractatus» (\"About the human ear\"), along with an analytical review of the information available at that time on the anatomy of the organ of hearing, he presented the results of his own anatomical and physiological research. This fundamental work, along with the «Traite de l'organ de l'ouie» (1683) by the French physician and anatomist Joseph Duvernay, is a milestone in the history of otology. Valsalva was the first to distinguish three parts: the external, middle and internal ear, and described in detail the anatomy and physiology of each of them. He explained the function of the auricle and its muscles, and also anatomically substantiated the patterns of conduction and amplification of the sound wave. The book describes in detail the structure of the middle ear and the mechanisms of the functioning of the eardrum, the communication between the mastoid cells and the tympanic cavity, the structure of the auditory ossicles and muscles. But most importantly, Valsalva almost anticipated Helmholtz's theory of hearing when he described the expansion of the auditory nerve as a zone of auditory perception. He illustrated the transmission of sound from the tympanic cavity to the oval window through the auditory ossicles. It was Valsalva who named the auditory tube after the Italian anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachio (1501-1574). The antrum, some muscles and ligaments are named after Valsalva, as well as the Valsalva maneuver (a technique for equalizing ear pressure).</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 6","pages":"133-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Olfactory bulbs aplasia as a reason of isolated congenital anosmia in a 9-year-old child (clinical case)].","authors":"E Yu Radtsig, E I Zelikovich, A D Egina, O V Bakanova, D A Aldakimova, M M Polunin","doi":"10.17116/otorino202590061129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino202590061129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complaints about olfactory disorders in children are extremely rare. This article describes a case of a 9-year-old girl who visited an otorhinolaryngologist due to the absence of smell perception. The examination results revealed congenital isolated anosmia caused by the absence of olfactory bulbs. The causes of congenital anosmia (both syndromic and isolated) are discuss.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 6","pages":"129-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnosis of labyrinth hydrops in patients on different stages of Meniere's disease].","authors":"N L Kunelskaya, E A Manaenkova, Yu V Levina, E V Baybakova, E V Larionova","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259003124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259003124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To calculate the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) indicators of clinical and instrumental diagnostic methods of labyrinth hydrops (LH) in patients with definite Meniere's disease (MD, according to the EAONO classification, 2015).</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>We examined 67 patients with definite MD: stage 1 - 24, stage 2 - 23, stage 3 - 20 patients, as well as 30 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss (control group) with tone hearing thresholds similar to those in patients with MD.</p><p><strong>Study methods: </strong>Clinical, otorhinolaryngological, otoneurological (using audiometric and vestibulometric tests) examinations, extratympanic electrocochleography, glycerol dehydration test. Statistical analysis of obtained results was performed with Statistica software package (version 10.0.1011).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It has been established that Se and Sp indicators of clinical and instrumental tests in patients with definite MD and confirmed LH depend on the disease stage according to neurovisualization data. Electrocochleography, audiometric curve type (ascending) and dehydration test are the most sensitive and specific for detection of LH at the first stage of MD (96%); electrocochleography, ultrasound audiometry, caloric and video impulse tests (their dissociation) - at the second stage of MD (96%); audiometric curve type (horizontal), caloric and video impulse tests and vHIT (their dissociation), registration of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (their asymmetry) - at the third stage of MD (95%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obtained results allow to optimize the diagnostic algorithm at suspicion on LH, as well as to reduce economic costs by eliminating test with low sensitivity and weak informativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 3","pages":"24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chorda tympani in the practice of an otosurgeon. Literature review].","authors":"N A Daikhes, A S Yunusov, V A Saidulaev, V P Shpotin, I D Mukhmadov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259004172","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259004172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chorda tympani is one of the most traumatic anatomical structures during surgical interventions on the middle ear. The problem of intraoperative damage to the chorda tympani remains underestimated by otosurgeons due to its insufficient coverage in the medical literature. A search and analysis of modern scientific publications from publicly available information resources was conducted, including review articles, original research, monographs, observations of clinical cases, and textbooks from domestic and foreign authors. The anatomical and topographic features that contribute to the injury of the chorda tympani as well as clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria for its damage are described. A correlation between the method of surgical intervention on the middle ear and the nerve trauma is reported. A thorough study of the structural features of the chorda tympani before surgery, as well as improvement of its reconstruction methods, will improve the quality of surgical treatment and the quality of life of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 4","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Infiltrative-ulcerative lesion of the larynx in Behcet's disease].","authors":"S G Romanenko, O G Pavlikhin, D I Kurbanova, E V Lesogorova, O V Eliseev, E N Krasilnikova, E A Safyannikova, A V Efremenkova","doi":"10.17116/otorino202590041112","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino202590041112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article describes a clinical case of differential diagnostic search for the cause of infiltrative ulcerative laryngitis in a young patient. Infectious, systemic, and neoplastic causes are excluded. Behcet's disease was diagnosed 11 years after the first clinical signs appeared. In this case, the difficulty of diagnosis is due to the absence of typical signs of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 4","pages":"112-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Implantation and transplantation materials in plastic closure of nasal septum perforation (literature review)].","authors":"E V Nosulya, N V Borovkova, A S Tovmasyan, I N Ponomarev, T A Aleksanyan, M Yu Polyaeva, A E Kishinevskiy, I G Kolbanova, V V Mosin, N V Shvedov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002155","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259002155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The annual increase in the number of operations for the curvature of the nasal septum is accompanied by a proportional increase in the number of complications, for example, the development of nasal septum perforation (NSP). The frequency of NSP detection varies from 0.5% to 8%. In 60% of cases, NSP is defined as iatrogenic and is the result of surgical treatment or injury to the nose. In 12-47% of cases, NSP is idiopathic and develops as a result of chronic subatrophic rhinitis, uncontrolled use of intranasal decongestants and topical glucocorticosteroids, and in rare cases it is a manifestation of systemic diseases. The tactics of surgical treatment of NSP is a highly debatable issue. Historically, the treatment of nasal septum defects has evolved from the lengthening of small \"whistling\" perforations to the development of autoloscutes of the mucous membrane to perform plastic closure of nasal septum perforation. Studies conducted over the past 20 years have shown that the use of displaced vascularized mucosal flaps is the most effective method of surgical treatment of NSP. The effectiveness of this approach over the past 10 years has ranged from 70% to 90%. However, plastic closure of perforation with mucosal flaps is a very complex and labor-intensive process, it is possible provided the surgeon is highly qualified and has extensive experience, and careful care is provided during a long rehabilitation period. Modern research on the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with NSP is aimed at improving the effectiveness of the surgical stage, simplifying the surgical procedure, and shortening the rehabilitation period through the use of transplant materials and cellular technologies. Based on this, the purpose of our work was to analyze domestic and foreign studies on the use of biotechnological approaches in the closure of nasal septum defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The relationship between the temporal indicators of the acoustic reflex in infants].","authors":"M M Polunin, I V Rakhmanova, I N Dyakonova, A G Matroskin, A I Petukhova, D D Shirabaikina","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259005117","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259005117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recording the latency of the stapedial muscle acoustic reflex is one of the methods for detecting retrocochlear pathology in adults. There is insufficient literature on the characteristics of recording the latency of the stapedial muscle acoustic reflex in infants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the features of recording the latency of the stapedial muscle acoustic reflex, as well as its indicators in children of the first year of life.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>3130 measurements and their combinations obtained during the examination of 416 children were analyzed. Dynamic indicators were taken into account: initial and final latency, initial and final recovery time, and the time of increase and decrease in the latency of the acoustic reflex. The obtained data were subjected to covariance and correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Covariance and correlation relationships of some dynamic indicators of the latency of the acoustic reflex, as well as their dependence on the gestational age, age, and intensity of the presented tone, were revealed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reflexometry in children born before 32 weeks of gestation should be performed after 9 months of life, and after 33 weeks, starting from 6 months of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 5","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Recurrence of the pyramid of the temporal bone cholesteatoma: systematic review of literature].","authors":"H M Diab, N A Daikhes, O A Pashchinina, O S Panina, S V Kokhanyuk","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259005156","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259005156","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This article analyzes the literature for the last 15 years from the PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar databases devoted to the topic of petrous bone cholesteatoma (PBC) and its recurrence. Taking into account the designated criteria, out of 530 articles, 16 publications written on the topic of PBCs were included in the study. The total number of patients was 970. In all publications Sanna classification was used. The types of surgical approaches, surgery endings, the presence of postoperative complications, the use of additional equipment and the frequency of recurrence were analyzed. The study identified factors for the recurrence of PBCs, and identified unresolved issues of recurrence that require attention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To study the data and results of surgical treatment of PBCs in the world literature, to study the factors and possible causes of recurrence of PBCs. Generalization of the obtained data, their systematization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A systematic literature search of databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary) was conducted to identify articles from 2010 to 2025. Medical Subject Headings (MeSHTerms) and keywords were used as the search strategy petrous bone OR petrous[AllFields] AND bone[AllFields]) OR petrous bone[AllFields]) AND (cholesteatoma[MeSHTerms] OR cholesteatoma[AllFields] OR cholesteatomas[AllFields])). In eLibrary, the search was performed using the query petrous bone cholesteatoma. The search was limited to articles in English and Russian.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the 530 articles devoted to the topic of petrous bone cholesteatoma and its recurrence, repeated publications and works performed by the same group of authors were excluded from the study at the data search stage; publications were also excluded for other reasons (in total, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=456). The inclusion criteria for the study were defined in the database of patients with petrous bone cholesteatoma of the presented series: the number of patients should be more than 10, the use of the PBCs classification according to Sanna from 2016, performed surgical approach, recurrence rate, time of observation. Taking into account the listed criteria, 16 publications were included in the study. The total number of patients was 970. The distribution of PBCs extension: supralabyrinthine (SL) 50.7%, then massive (M) 25.8%, infralabyrinthine (IL) 8.4%, infralabyrinthine apical (ILA) 8.2%, apical (A) 6.8%. The most common surgical options were transotic approach (TO) - 201, translabyrinthine approach (TL) - 165, modified transcholear approach (MTC) - 96. The types of complications and their frequency of occurrence, options for surgery ending and the impact of these factors on the recurrence of PBCs were analyzed. The recurrence rate in the 16 publications studied ranged from 1.6% to 29%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The causes of recurrence of PBCs are multifactorial. It is important to take into account the typ","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 5","pages":"56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}