Vestnik otorinolaringologii最新文献

{"title":"[Rehabilitation of preterm school-aged children with speech and hearing problems: a solution requiring a reasoned approach].","authors":"I V Savenko, E S Garbaruk, M Yu Boboshko","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common problems accompanying the development of preterm children include difficulties in speech perception and language use, which can lead to cognitive, communicative, social, and academic difficulties in school age. On the other hand, preterm children are at high risk for developing auditory impairments, which can affect not only the peripheral but also the central auditory system. Any level of auditory lesion, either isolated or in combination, can contribute to the development of central auditory processing disorders (APD). The article discusses the etiopathogenetic link between speech and hearing difficulties and dyslexia with APD. Based on the contemporary concept of the problem, an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnostic process is presented, which allows for identifying the nature and degree of speech and hearing disorders, and subsequently verifying the specific auditory deficit. The results of the diagnostic search enable the optimal (re)habilitation intervention, with a focus on auditory training. Depending on the identified disorders, either a peripheral «bottom-up» approach with correction of acoustic input and/or impaired central auditory functions is used, or a cognitive «top-down» approach aimed at improving higher mental processes, or a combination of both. When choosing the scope of (re)habilitation measures, the age and capabilities of the preterm child are taken into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experience in using regenerative technologies in the treatment of patients with nasal septum perforation].","authors":"A I Kryukov, N V Borovkova, A S Tovmasyan, I N Ponomarev, T A Aleksanyan, V V Mosin, A A Lapchenko","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259005135","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259005135","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Traditional methods of nasal septum perforation surgery using vascularized flaps are quite effective, but at the same time they are associated with a long postoperative period (8-16 weeks), the risk of an inflammatory reaction, uncontrolled scarring in the area of the donor site. According to the literature, the use of collagen membranes and stem cells reduces the period of restoration of the integrity of the nasal septum to 4-6 weeks, but these methods remain expensive and inaccessible. An alternative may be autologous platelet growth factors that stimulate tissue repair and are already used in various branches of medicine. A study of the effectiveness and safety of the use of biocomposite materials in the surgical treatment of nasal septum perforation was conducted at the Sverzhevsky Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using biocomposite structures based on type I collagen and platelet-rich plasma lysate in the treatment of patients with nasal septum perforation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included 40 patients diagnosed with perforation of the nasal septum who underwent plastic closure of a defect in the nasal septum with a displaced flap of the mucous membrane of the bony nasal septum and the floor of the nasal cavity. Depending on the covering/non-covering of the donor site with a biocomposite structure, patients are divided into two groups. In group A patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=20), the donor site in the area of the nasal septum and nasal cavity floor remained intact and uncovered; in group B patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;=20), a biocomposite structure with platelet-rich plasma lysate was installed on the donor site in the area of the mucosal defect. The patients of both study groups underwent standard postoperative therapy. Regeneration was assessed according to five parameters of the visual analogue scale (VAS): epithelialization, the presence of hemorrhagic discharge, crusts, inflammatory reaction, and tissue integration. The follow-up period was 10 weeks. During the entire follow-up period, patients completed the SNOT-22 questionnaire to assess the quality of life of patients in the postoperative period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Group B patients showed a reduction in the regeneration time of the donor portion of the nasal mucosa by 2 weeks compared with group A patients. As early as 6 weeks after surgery, group B patients achieved complete epithelialization (VAS score = 3.0 [2.0; 4.0]), whereas 45% of group A patients retained areas of exposure. bones in the area of the donor site with the formation of granulation tissue (VAS score = 5.0 [4.0; 6.0], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), and a good regeneration result was noted only after 8-9 weeks (VAS score = 3.5 [3.0; 5.0], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). The decrease in the SNOT-22 score in group B patients correlated with the dynamics of the VAS score (&lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;=0.908, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001): already at week 2, t","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 5","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Nasolabial cyst: a systematic review of the literature].","authors":"I B Angotoeva, D S Pshennikov, L V Lyaskanova","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have conducted a systematic review of foreign and domestic literature covering data on nasolabial cysts. Nasolabial cyst is a benign non-ontogenic, often unilateral and left-sided, formation located in the nasolabial fold and vestibule of the nasal cavity, occurring mainly in women aged 30-50 years. Nasolabial cysts often remain undiagnosed, so the frequency of their detection is very low. Their origin is still a matter of debate; for more accurate data, it is necessary to conduct a thorough histological examination of each cyst using immunohistochemical analysis. Ultrasound can be used for the screening method of diagnosis of nasolabial cysts. Computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses has a number of diagnostic advantages. The choice of surgical treatment depends on the size, location, infection of the nasolabial cyst, the surgeon's experience and the possibilities of conducting anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Etiopathogenesis and therapeutic tactics of hemorrhages in the vocal fold in persons of voice-speech professions].","authors":"A I Kryukov, S G Romanenko, O G Pavlikhin, D I Kurbanova, E V Lesogorova, E N Krasilnikova, O V Eliseev","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259002114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino20259002114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with vocal fold hemorrhage based on the analysis of the disease etiology.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In order to improve the treatment efficiency of vocal fold hemorrhage in people with voice and speech professions, 112 patients (35 men and 77 women) with vocal fold hemorrhage were examined and treated. Age from 24 to 58 years. Research methods: questionnaires, microlaryngoscopy, videolaryngostroboscopy, acoustic voice analysis (Kay Pentax system).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients complained of hoarseness. A change in voice that appeared during vocal exertion using a harsh sound attack was noted by 47 (42%) patients, while screaming - 13 (11%), during coughing on the background of acute respiratory viral infection and exacerbation of chronic destructive lung disease - 27 (24%), after fibrolaryngobronchoscopy - 3 (2%), after esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 1, after external neck injury in everyday life - 2 (1%), during the usual volume and intensity of vocal load - 19 (17%). Microlaryngoscopy revealed hemorrhage in the vocal fold in all patients, with 85 (76%) patients experiencing hemorrhage for the first time, 17 (15%) - repeatedly, for 10 (9%) - for the third time or more. A unilateral process was noted in 81 (72%) patients, a bilateral process in 31 (28%). Comprehensive treatment is prescribed to all patients based on an individual approach. The subjective voice score on the visual analog scale averaged 6.4±1.7 points, 1 month after the start of treatment - 9.4±0.4 points. The recovery time was also determined individually, depending on the patient's profession and the requirements for voice quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>1. Vocal fold hemorrhage is caused by a disruption of the vascular wall integrity due to a sharp increase in subglottic pressure. 2. Predisposing factors for the development of vocal fold hemorrhage are dystrophic changes in the mucous membrane of the vocal folds and concomitant pathology that contribute to increased vascular permeability. 3. No correlation was found between the volume of vocal fold hemorrhage, its prevalence, and the time of its reduction and restoration of voice function. 4. The duration of treatment is determined individually and depends on the dynamics of the videolaryngostroboscopic picture and the indicators of acoustic voice analysis and the patient's requirements for voice quality. 5. In case of recurrent hemorrhages, examination of the patient is indicated to exclude coagulopathy; in the presence of concomitant pathology accompanied by microangiopathy (diabetes mellitus, chronic glomerulonephritis, dyshormonal disorders in women, etc.), consultation with specialists is necessary to assess the activity of the concomitant disease, the degree of its impact on the microcirculatory bed and, according to indications, correction of its therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 2","pages":"14-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Modern conservative therapy of scar stenosis of the larynx and trachea. Literature review].","authors":"E A Kirasirova, O V Shulga, N V Lafutkina, R F Mamedov, O K Piminidi, S I Tyutina, D A Iumatova, V A Trusov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259004191","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259004191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a review of the literature, in which the possibilities of conservative therapy in the treatment of chronic scar stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea are considered. Due to the high risk of restenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea lumen in the postoperative period, the problem under consideration remains topical. The authors have systematised modern literature data on the groups of used drugs, mechanisms of action and routes of delivery, advantages and disadvantages, and reviewed the experience of their use in otorhinolaryngology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 4","pages":"91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk factors for postoperative bleeding after tonsillectomy. Systematic review].","authors":"A V Fetyukov, D S Pshennikov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259005194","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259005194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical intervention remains one of the main methods of treating chronic tonsillitis, it allows patients to completely eliminate the symptoms of the disease and improve their quality of life. However, bilateral tonsillectomy is associated with the risk of postoperative complications, which are often life-threatening for the patient. The presented systematic review contains information about bleeding that occurs after bilateral tonsillectomy, as well as measures to prevent it. The analysis includes original articles, case reports, and literature reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 5","pages":"94-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Speech audiometry is an effective method for determining speech intelligibility in children using cochlear implantation systems].","authors":"E S Savelev, E E Saveleva, V I Popadyuk, A S Machalov","doi":"10.17116/otorino20259005123","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino20259005123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate speech intelligibility in children using cochlear implantation systems.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 75 children from 4 to 14 years old, with an average age of 7.43±2.85 years, implanted with Med-el, Advanced Bionics, Cochlear and Neurelec systems. The group included children, who had been using CI for more than 1 year, without any other pathology, who could perform speech tests. The method of speech audiometry in free field was used before setting the CI processor, within 1 month after setting the CI processor. Russian speech material was used (M.Yu. Boboshko, E.I. Riehakainen, 2019).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to speech audiometry in the free sound field before fitting the speech processor the intelligibility of monosyllabic words was 73.06±12.92%; multi-syllabic words - 75.86±14.24%; monosyllabic words in noise - 73.15±10.70%; multi-syllabic words in noise - 79.01±12.28%. The results of speech intelligibility after setting the CI processor: monosyllabic - 79.28±12.26%; multi-syllabic-85.50±12.34%; monosyllabic in noise - 77.48±8.79%; multi-syllabic in noise - 85.05±14.26%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Speech audiometry in a free sound field in silence and noise is a simple and effective additional method for correcting the parameters of CI processor.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 5","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Speech intelligibility in a free sound field in normally hearing children aged 5-17 years].","authors":"E S Garbaruk, O K Gorkina, P V Pavlov, M Y Boboshko","doi":"10.17116/otorino2025900115","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino2025900115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speech audiometry plays an important role in the diagnostics of hearing-impaired people. Speech testing in children is possible from the age of 4-5 years when appropriate age and development speech material is selected. The efficiency of hearing aids or implants fitting is evaluated in a free sound field with the presentation of an acoustic stimulus through loudspeakers. The analysis of the results requires comparison with the data of normally hearing individuals received under the same testing conditions.</p><p><strong>The aim: </strong>Of this study is to obtain normative data for speech audiometry for children aged 5-17 years in a free sound field.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>74 normally hearing children aged 5-17 years were examined. Speech testing consisted of two parts (recognition of monosyllabic words and sentences, RuMatrix-test) and was performed in a free sound field in quiet and in noise. For children aged 5-10 years, phonetically balanced tables of monosyllabic words for children and the Simplified RuMatrix-test were used. For children aged 7-17 years, phonetically balanced tables of monosyllabic words for adults and the RuMatrix-test were used. Children were divided into age subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Normative data for speech audiometry in a free sound field were obtained for children aged 5-17 years. The need for the use of word tables developed for children in the age subgroup of 8 years and younger was shown. The noted difference in average speech recognition scores between different age subgroups, as well as between older children and adults, indicates the continuation of the maturation processes of the central auditory system in childhood and adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 1","pages":"5-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ethmoid labyrinth cancer with extension into the orbital cavity].","authors":"P I Spirin, V A Rozhnov, V V Polkin, K A Golubev, I A Gulidov, L N Vatina, S A Ivanov, A D Kaprin","doi":"10.17116/otorino202590041119","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino202590041119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the orbit is rare, as this area does not have its own squamous epithelium. Tumors of this localization are caused either by the germination of the primary focus located on the skin of the face or in the paranasal sinuses, or by the spread of the tumor through perineural invasion. The difficulty of surgical treatment of this localization is that with standard access it is often impossible to visualize the posterior edge of the resection, which, in turn, can lead to a recurrence of the tumor process. Our center uses the endonasal access technique, which facilitates satisfactory visual control of the posterior edge of the resection, and also avoids incisions on the face. This article describes a clinical case of cancer treatment of the ethmoid labyrinth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 4","pages":"119-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A clinical case of upper airway obstruction, dysphagia caused by diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis].","authors":"V I Egorov, A O Kochneva, M V Gerasimenko","doi":"10.17116/otorino202590041115","DOIUrl":"10.17116/otorino202590041115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH, Forestier's disease) is a rare non-inflammatory degenerative-dystrophic disease of the musculoskeletal system, characterized by calcification of ligaments and tendons, in particular the anterior longitudinal ligament. It is rare, more often among men over 60 years old. When the cervical spine is affected, DISH manifests itself as neck pain, stiffness of movement, dysphagia and, in some cases, difficulty breathing. The main goal of surgical treatment of Forestier's disease is the removal of the osteophyte complex, however, with severe compression of the neck structures, indications may be given for the formation of a tracheostomy, installation of a nasogastric tube.</p>","PeriodicalId":23575,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik otorinolaringologii","volume":"90 4","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}