[Characteristics of lipid peroxidation processes and factors of the antioxidant defense system in chronic rhinitis].

The problem of chronic rhinitis (CR) remains unresolved in the world, while it has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Chronic forms of rhinitis suffer from 10-20% of the population, and its symptoms in epidemiological studies are noted in 40% of respondents. One of the leading mechanisms of disease occurrence is oxidative stress.

Objective: To study the state of the processes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in various types of chronic rhinitis.

Material and methods: The study included 50 patients with CR, of which 21 were with chronic allergic rhinitis (CALR), 20 with chronic vasomotor rhinitis (CVR), 9 with chronic atrophic rhinitis (CAR). The control group was represented by 50 practically healthy volunteers with no otorhinolaryngological complaints. The indicators of the LPO-AOD system in erythrocytes were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica 7.0 software package (StatSoft, USA).

Results: In all patients with CR in the blood erythrocytes, an increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) relative to the control group was found. With CAR, the most pronounced changes are determined, with CVR - minimal. In patients with CR, lipid peroxidation is activated, MDA increases by 1.29 times, by 1.37 times with CAR, and by 1.31 times with CALR relative to normal values. The activity of the antioxidant system decreases, which reflects the classical variant of inhibition of antioxidant enzymes: SOD is reduced by 1.08 times in CAR, by 1.07 times in CALR, and 1.04 times in CVR, CAT in CAR is reduced by 1.02 times; CALR by 1.02 times, with CVR by 1.01 times. The coefficient of oxidative stress with CVR is 1.36, with CAR is 1.5, with CALR is 1.42.

Conclusion: In CR, the predominance of pro-oxidant processes over antioxidant ones is revealed, a slight oxidative stress is detected, probably due to the presence of hypoxia and intoxication syndrome. An in-depth study of lipid peroxidation processes and factors of the antioxidant defense system, depending on the CR phenotype, can be used to correct therapy and prevent exacerbations, as well as markers of progression and prognosis of chronic rhinitis.