Vestnik oftalmologii最新文献

{"title":"[Morphometric OCT parameters of the lens under accommodative stimulus. Report 1. Assessment of age-related changes].","authors":"S E Avetisov, K S Avetisov, A V Shitikova, L S Pateyuk, T E Borisenko, E Hmaidi","doi":"10.17116/oftalma20261420115","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma20261420115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The structural approach to studying the mechanism of accommodation and its age-related changes focuses on analyzing morphometric parameters (size, shape, and position) of the crystalline lens as the key element responsible for changes in clinical refraction during accommodation. The latest-generation swept-source (SS) anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) device CASIA2 (Tomey, Japan) enables near-screening evaluation of lens shape and position both at baseline and under accommodative stimulus. In the latter case, the integrated optical system provides lens-induced accommodative stress directly in the examined eye.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate age-related changes in various morphometric parameters of the lens measured by CASIA2 OCT under accommodative stimulus.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study cohort comprised 74 healthy volunteers (123 eyes, i.e., clinical observations) aged 20-85 years. <i>The exclusion criteria</i> were clinically significant refractive errors and ocular diseases. Three groups were formed according to age: 20-30 years, 31-50 years, and >51 years (43, 33, and 47 clinical observations, respectively). Scanning was performed under conditions of relative accommodative rest and during accommodative stimulus. In the latter case, a lens-induced method of accommodative stimulus was used, employing a -5.0 D negative spherical lens and a fixation target in the form of a radial figure integrated into the optical system of the CASIA2 OCT device.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the entire cohort (<i>n</i>=123) revealed significant changes in morphometric parameters of the lens under accommodative stimulus, including a decrease in the radius of curvature of the anterior (<i>p</i>=0.003) and posterior (<i>p</i>=0.045) lens surfaces, an increase in lens thickness (<i>p</i>=0.011) and nuclear thickness (<i>p</i>=0.007), as well as a reduction in lens diameter (<i>p</i>=0.026) and anterior chamber depth (<i>p</i>=0.033). The radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface under relative accommodative rest in Group 1 (20-30 years) was significantly higher (<i>p</i>=0.00) than in Groups 2 (31-50 years) and 3 (>51 years), with median values of 11.62, 9.47, and 9.25 mm, respectively. The magnitude of changes in lens curvature radius significantly decreased with increasing age for both the anterior and posterior surfaces. Baseline lens thickness and nuclear thickness increased significantly with age and also demonstrated an increase under accommodative stimulus across all age groups. A statistically significant correlation with age was found for the radius of curvature of the anterior surface (<i>r</i>=-0.371; <i>p</i>=0.00) and the posterior surface (<i>r</i>=-0.224; <i>p</i>=0.013), as well as for lens thickness (<i>r</i>=0.268; <i>p</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anterior segment OCT using the CASIA2 system is a high","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Autologous retinal transplantation in the surgery of large full-thickness macular holes].","authors":"K V Baryshev, D V Petrachkov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2026142011124","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2026142011124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review addresses the problem of treating large-diameter full-thickness macular holes (FTMH). Surgical repair of FTMHs has been successfully performed since the late 20^th century, however FTMHs with a diameter exceeding 500-600 µm, as well as cases combining FTMH with high myopia, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and refractory FTMHs, remain among the most challenging conditions for vitreoretinal surgeons. The widely used Gass and IVTS (International Vitreomacular Traction Study group) classifications do not adequately reflect the complexity of managing large-diameter FTMHs, in which the effectiveness of standard transconjunctival vitrectomy with membrane peeling and gas tamponade is significantly reduced. At the same time, numerous variations of surgical techniques with high rates of anatomical success have been developed for such defects. The article provides a brief overview of treatment methods for FTMHs that are most effective across different hole diameters, including giant holes (>1000 µm). A substantial portion of the review is devoted to the technique of autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation (ART), which has gained increasing popularity in recent years both internationally and in Russia. Its distinctive feature is the absence of a negative correlation between surgical effectiveness and hole diameter, which is characteristic of most existing techniques. The review discusses indications, surgical variations, potential complications and their management, along with known prognostic biomarkers of favorable functional outcomes and hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of visual function recovery following ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"124-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The effect of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy on the risk of fibrosis formation in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and potential strategies for its prevention].","authors":"A Zh Fursova, M A Vasilyeva, A S Derbeneva, I M Amir, M S Tarasov, I F Nikulich, Yu A Karlash, E R Agamian","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2026142041120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2026142041120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous randomized clinical trials and real-world clinical practice have demonstrated the effect of angiogenesis inhibitors (anti-VEGF agents) on the activity and growth of neovascular complexes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), with a proven reduction in the risk of macular fibrosis, the incidence of which decreased from 39-100% in the \"pre-antiangiogenic era\" to 20.4-61.4% after introduction of anti-VEGF therapy. The main factors determining the risk of subretinal fibrosis are disease activity, time of therapy initiation, treatment regimen, its regularity, and the type of drug. Variations in retinal thickness and the volatility of specific fluid compartments lead to an increase in the volume of subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) and prevent full restoration of the integrity of the ellipsoid zone. Extensive research into the role of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in the development of fibrosis has shown that it acts not only as a cofactor of angiogenesis but also as an independent regulator of fibrogenesis through vascular destabilization with increased VEGF-mediated permeability and exudation, activation of macrophages and microglia with the production of TGF-<i>β</i> and CTGF, and cross-talk with classical fibrotic pathways. The synergism between Ang-2 and VEGF-A stimulates subretinal scarring and highlights the high potential of bispecific therapy for improving clinical outcomes in patients with nAMD. Compensatory activation of Ang-2 during anti-VEGF monotherapy may support tissue remodeling, contributing to the development of treatment resistance. Preclinical studies in models of choroidal neovascularization and clinical data on the effectiveness of faricimab 6 mg through dual Ang-2/VEGF-A inhibition have demonstrated not only superiority in controlling exudation and resolving retinal edema but also a targeted effect on preventing proliferation and the development of subretinal fibrosis, as confirmed by a significant reduction in the volume of SHRM - a key precursor to fibrotic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 4","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and diagnostic aspects of glaucomatous keratopathy in congenital glaucoma].","authors":"D M Turakulova, Z R Nazirova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614204137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202614204137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advances in early diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary congenital glaucoma, the condition of the cornea, including opacity, endothelial dysfunction, and persistent edema, often remains underestimated, although it largely determines residual vision and the effectiveness of visual rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to determine clinical and diagnostic criteria for glaucomatous keratopathy in children and to develop a classification to improve the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We examined 360 children with congenital glaucoma in the ophthalmology department of the Tashkent State Medical University Clinic from 2021 to 2025. The study group consisted of 209 boys (58.2%) and 151 girls (41.8%). All patients underwent ophthalmic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depending on the area of opacity and the degree of corneal transparency, glaucomatous keratopathy was divided into 4 degrees. Grade 1 is characterized by opacity in the form of Haab's striae and mild edema ranging from 1 to 4 mm in the central cornea. The iris pattern and pupil are clearly visualized, and fundus details can be seen. Grade 2 is characterized by stromal edema and corneal opacity measuring 5 to 8 mm, the iris pattern is visible peripherally, the pupil is visualized, a faint pink fundus reflex is present, and fundus details cannot be identified. Grade 3 is characterized by severe corneal opacity exceeding 8.5 mm, the anterior chamber and iris pattern are visible only at the periphery, the pupil is not visible, and the fundus reflex is absent. Grade 4 is characterized by total corneal opacity and edema. The anterior chamber, iris pattern, and pupil are not visible. The fundus reflex is absent. The limbal borders cannot be identified. Keratectasia is observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The authors' classification of glaucomatous keratopathy systematizes previously fragmented descriptions of corneal changes, allowing objective assessment of their severity and prediction of postoperative dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 4","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Choroidal status in angle-closure glaucoma].","authors":"A A Antonov, D A Dorofeev, A S Avagyan, Kh Khderi, A V Shalaumova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614205192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202614205192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is characterized by episodic impairment of aqueous humor outflow and increases in intraocular pressure (IOP), leading to glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Traditionally, in the pathogenesis of PACG the emphasis has been placed on anterior segment anatomy, but in recent years, the role of the posterior segment, including the choroid, has been attracting increasing interest. This review aimed to evaluate, based on the literature, the possible role of choroidal changes in the pathogenesis of PACG by analyzing its morphometric parameters and their association with IOP. We reviewed publications in which choroidal parameters were assessed mainly using optical coherence tomography, including measurements of choroidal thickness and calculation of the choroidal vascularity index (CVI). According to individual studies, choroidal thickness in patients with PACG is significantly greater than in healthy individuals (for example, 355.36 µm vs. 286.08 µm; <i>p</i><0.05), and is also greater in angle closure than in controls (284.99 µm vs. 250.79 µm; <i>p</i><0.05). Increased choroidal thickness and/or vascularity has been observed in acute and chronic PACG compared with normal values (<i>p</i><0.05), with no differences between acute and chronic forms (<i>p</i>>0.05). Several studies highlighted an association between a thicker choroid and uncontrolled IOP on maximal medical therapy (245.57±62.10 µm in controlled IOP and 294.46±51.05 µm in uncontrolled IOP; <i>p</i><0.01). In a comparative study of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and PACG, CVI was lower in both forms than in healthy eyes (<i>p</i>=0.001 and <i>p</i>=0.005), while the pattern of structural alterations differed between the glaucoma types. Overall, morphometric characteristics of the choroid in PACG are associated with IOP level, supporting the concept that the choroid is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and justifying further research in this direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 5","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ultrastructural changes in the retina after microinvasive 25G ultrasound vitrectomy (experimental study)].","authors":"T I Dibaev, B M Aznabaev, L A Musina, T R Mukhamadeev, A S Vafiev","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614203113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202614203113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current trends in the development of vitrectomy systems, particularly vitreous cutters, focus on reducing instrument gauge while maintaining high cutting efficiency and vitreous fragmentation capacity. Pneumatic guillotine vitreous cutters have several design limitations that constrain further improvement of their functional capabilities. The use of ultrasonic energy for vitreous fragmentation represents an alternative direction in the development of vitrectomy. The emergence of microinvasive ultrasonic 25-gauge (25G) vitreous cutters creates the need for a comprehensive assessment of their effect on ultrastructure of the retina.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated ultrastructural changes in the retina of rabbits after experimental microinvasive ultrasonic and pneumatic guillotine 25G vitrectomy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Rabbits in the main study group underwent microinvasive ultrasonic and pneumatic guillotine 25G vitrectomy. The retina was examined using electron microscopy. The data obtained in the experimental group, in which microinvasive ultrasonic vitrectomy was used, were then compared with the results of the control group, in which 25G pneumatic guillotine vitrectomy was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On days 1 and 7, signs of retinal changes were detected in the inner nuclear layer and nerve fiber layer: vacuolization and fragmentation of neuronal cytoplasm, vacuolization of mitochondria, and elements of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. On days 14 and 30, some structural changes persisted - although the severity of the changes decreased. The nature of the changes in the experimental group was comparable with that in the control group and could be attributed not only to the identical effect of fragmentation, but also to nonspecific surgical trauma, hydrodynamic effects of fluid flow, changes associated with preparation of the material for electron microscopic examination, and individual tissue responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ultrastructural changes in the experimental group were similar in nature and severity to those observed in the control group. Therefore, microinvasive ultrasonic 25G vitrectomy can be considered a safe technology for vitreous fragmentation, with an effect on the retinal ultrastructure comparable to that of the traditional guillotine fragmentation method.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 3","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acoustic analysis of changes in the lens layers after intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection].","authors":"L Alharki, O V Eksarenko, E D Khachaturova, A G Matyushchenko, M V Budzinskaya","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614203122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202614203122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to perform acoustic analysis of changes in the lens layers after intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 40 patients (40 eyes). The follow-up period was 6 months. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (control) included 20 patients (20 eyes) with a natural crystalline lens who did not receive intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection; group 2 (study group) included 20 patients (20 eyes) with a natural crystalline lens who received one intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection. All patients underwent ultrasound digital scanning in B-mode and 3D color Doppler mapping modes using VOLUSON E8 Expert and VOLUSON E10 ultrasound diagnostic systems. The examination used SP 10-16 MHz and L8-18i-D linear probes, as well as RSP 5-12 MHz and RSP 6-16-D volume probes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study showed that a single dexamethasone implant injection does not lead to statistically significant changes in acoustic density of the lens layers compared to the control group. However, longitudinal assessment of patients in the study group after a single dexamethasone implant injection revealed a statistically significant increase in acoustic density in the anterior cortical layers (<i>p</i>_0-6=0.013), nucleus (<i>p</i>_0-6=0.02), and posterior cortical layers (<i>p</i>_0-6=0.00) at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of acoustic analysis as an objective diagnostic method enhances the informational value of the examination, enabling the detection of lens changes at the preclinical stage and providing a more objective assessment of the dynamic alterations occurring in the context of topical high-concentration steroid application.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 3","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of the tumor microenvironment and BAP1 protein expression in the prognosis of uveal melanoma].","authors":"I D Kim, E V Grishina, G R Setdikova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614202121","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614202121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uveal melanoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the eye. It is characterized by a low mutational burden and a limited response to immunotherapy, which is largely attributable to the immune-privileged status of the eye. Decreased expression of the BAP1 protein and specific features of the tumor microenvironment may influence disease prognosis, but its prognostic significance remains insufficiently investigated.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the impact of tumor microenvironment characteristics and BAP1 expression levels on survival in patients with uveal melanoma.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis included 58 patients (58 eyes) with stage IIIA-IIIC uveal melanoma who underwent eye enucleation between 2014 and 2023 at the Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI). All specimens were subjected to morphological examination and immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against BAP1, CD4, CD8, CD20, and CD68. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the influence of prognostic factors was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Uniform or heterogeneous loss of BAP1 expression was detected in 55.2% of tumors and was associated with poorer survival compared with tumors retaining BAP1 expression (<i>p</i>=0.009). Presence of at least one immune marker (CD4⁺, CD8⁺, or CD68⁺) also correlated with worse prognosis (<i>p</i>=0.036). The most unfavorable outcomes were observed in cases combining BAP1 loss with the presence of these immune cells (<i>p</i>=0.01; <i>HR</i>=4.49; 95% <i>CI</i>: 1.63-12.37). No deaths were recorded in the subgroup of patients with preserved BAP1 expression and absence of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and CD68⁺ cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Loss of BAP1 expression in combination with immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment is associated with an increased risk of mortality in uveal melanoma. Combined assessment of BAP1 and immune markers enables more accurate patient stratification and refinement of prognostic evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 2","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Morphometric OCT parameters of the lens under accommodative stimulus. Report 2. Pilot study of the relationship between changes in the curvature of the anterior lens surface and the biomechanics of the anterior capsule].","authors":"S E Avetisov, A V Shitikova, K S Avetisov, Yu M Efremov, N V Kosheleva, P S Timashev, S A Muravyov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614201114","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614201114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The ability of the crystalline lens to change its shape is a key component of accommodation. As part of the lenticular theory of presbyopia, involutional changes in the lens substance itself are considered to be of primary importance. At the same time, the role of the capsule, which essentially serves as a structural, shape-modifying \"framework\" for the lens substance, remains insufficiently studied. Accordingly, one approach to clarification of the pathogenesis of presbyopia may involve investigating the relationship between potential changes in lens shape during accommodation and the biomechanical properties of its capsule.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the potential relationship between accommodative stimulus-induced changes in the curvature of the anterior lens surface and the biomechanical parameters of the anterior capsule based on sequential clinical and experimental analysis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in a group of 11 patients (11 eyes, i.e., clinical observations) of presbyopic age scheduled for and undergoing standard phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation for uncomplicated cataract. Prior to surgery, the radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface was measured at baseline and under accommodative stimulus using the CASIA2 device (Tomey, Japan). Anterior lens capsule specimens with a diameter of 4.0-5.5 mm were obtained during surgery after continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. The elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the specimens was determined using atomic force microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation analysis involved the use of an integral parameter - the magnitude of change in the radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface induced by accommodative stimulus. A pronounced moderate positive correlation was identified between changes in the radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface and the elastic moduli of the outer and inner surfaces of the anterior capsule (<i>r</i>=0.560 and <i>r</i>=0.603, respectively). However, this relationship was statistically significant only for the inner surface of the capsule but not for the outer surface (<i>p</i>=0.050 and <i>p</i>=0.073, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study investigating the potential relationship between changes in the curvature of the anterior lens surface and the biomechanical properties of the anterior capsule using the same study object, which enabled sequential clinical (morphometric) and experimental (biomechanical) analyses. Based on the obtained results, age-related changes in the biomechanical properties of the lens capsule may be considered one of the factors within the lenticular theory of presbyopia development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impairment of retinal and choroidal blood flow autoregulation in preeclampsia].","authors":"E S Taskina, A E Egorov, V A Mudrov, J G Oganezova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2026142031110","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2026142031110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality, which makes the search for methods of early preclinical diagnosis highly relevant. Ocular microcirculation, owing to its similarity to cerebral and placental vessels, represents a unique \"window\" for assessing systemic endothelial dysfunction. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of current data on the association between impaired autoregulation of retinal and choroidal blood flow in preeclampsia and the risk of systemic hemodynamic and cerebrovascular complications. Unlike physiological vasodilation, preeclampsia is characterized by autoregulatory failure, which leads to hyperperfusion and a risk of vasogenic cerebral edema in cerebral vessels, while in the retina it manifests as vasospasm detectable as early as the first trimester. Choroidal changes remain contradictory and reflect complex systemic hemodynamic shifts. Impaired ocular vascular hemodynamics serves as an early marker of systemic endotheliopathy, and its monitoring represents a promising tool for risk stratification of cerebrovascular and long-term cardiovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 3","pages":"110-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}