Vestnik oftalmologii最新文献

{"title":"[Clinical and morphological aspects of the use of palpebral implants made of noble metals].","authors":"Y O Grusha, E I Fettser, K V Presnyakova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2024140022166","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2024140022166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loading of the upper eyelid with palpebral implants made of noble metals is the modern standard of surgical treatment for paralytic lagophthalmos, and is aimed at increasing the mobility of the upper eyelid and normalizing involuntary blinking movements. This review presents the results of morphological studies, including immunohistochemical studies, reflecting the features of biointegration of palpebral implants in uncomplicated and complicated course of the postoperative period, and describes the modern understanding of the causes and immunopathological processes underlying the development of nonspecific inflammatory response, which is one of the most serious complications that often becomes an indication for implant removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2. Vyp. 2","pages":"166-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of pterygium].","authors":"M Kh Shidakova, S A Malozhen, G A Osipyan, D A Krakhmaleva","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2024140022136","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2024140022136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pterygium is a common inflammatory-proliferative disease characterized by the invasion of degeneratively altered fibrovascular tissue into the cornea. This literature review analyzes the etiological factors and pathogenetic concepts of its development, describes modern methods of diagnostics and surgical treatment of pterygium, and pays particular attention to the assessment of structural and functional changes in the cornea occurring during the growth of pterygium and after its excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2. Vyp. 2","pages":"136-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Changes in intraocular pressure and biometric parameters of the anterior segment of the eye after intravitreal injections].","authors":"Yu S Andreeva, L Alkharki, M V Budzinskaya","doi":"10.17116/oftalma20241400227","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma20241400227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compares the changes in the parameters of the anterior chamber of the eye using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with a natural and artificial lens after treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) by multiple intravitreal injections (IVI) of anti-VEGF drugs.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (control) included 30 patients (30 eyes) with a natural lens, group 2 - 30 patients (30 eyes) with an intraocular lens (IOL). AS-OCT was performed using the Revo NX tomograph (Optopol, Poland) to analyze anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the parameters of anterior chamber angle (ACA). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a contact tonometer ICare Pro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients with an IOL, the IOP level 1 minute after intravitreal injection (IVI) of an anti-VEGF drug was statistically lower than in the control group, on average by 17.8% during the first IVI and by 28.7% after 1 year of observation (<i>p</i><0.001). ACD before treatment was statistically significantly higher in patients with IOL compared to patients of group 1 by an average of 39.3% (<i>p</i><0.001). ACA from the nasal and temporal sides in the meridian 0°-180° before the start of treatment was statistically significantly wider in phakic patients than in the control group, by an average of 15.9±9.3° (<i>p</i><0.001) and 16.9±8.2° (<i>p</i><0.001), respectively. According to AS-OCT, there was no shift of the iris-lens diaphragm in patients with an IOL after multiple IVI of an anti-VEGF drug, in contrast to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AS-OCT was used to determine for the first time the changes in the parameters of the anterior chamber of the eye in patients with a natural and artificial lens after multiple injections of an anti-VEGF drug in the treatment of nAMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2. Vyp. 2","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparative analysis of clinical and functional parameters in patients with stable stage II-III keratoconus after implantation of corneal segments and fitting of scleral rigid contact lenses].","authors":"A T Khanjian, A V Ivanova, A S Sklyarova, N V Khodzhabekyan, I V Manukyan","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414002172","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202414002172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The modern treatment strategy for keratoconus (KC) involves sequential application of medical technologies aimed at stabilizing pathological changes in the cornea and restoring visual acuity.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compares the effect of implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) and fitting of individual scleral rigid contact lenses (RCLs) on visual functions in patients with stage II-III KC after previously performed corneal collagen cross-linking.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases examined and treated 34 patients (69 eyes) aged 18 to 33 years with stage II-III KC. The study included patients who had previously undergone standard corneal collagen cross-linking. Depending on the type of optical correction, the patients were divided into two groups: patients in group 1 underwent ICRS implantation using a femtosecond laser; patients in group 2 were fitted with individual scleral RCLs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improvement in clinical and functional parameters was observed in both groups. A higher clinical and functional result was achieved in group 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients with stable stage II-III KC, it is advisable to recommend fitting of individual scleral RCLs for visual rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Multimodal topographically oriented approach to the study of full-thickness macular holes].","authors":"T A Doktorova, A A Suetov, E V Boiko, S V Sosnovskii","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414002114","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202414002114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This article studies the relationship between structural changes according to the findings of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA), microperimetry (MP), multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) parameters in topographically corresponding areas of the macular region in idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (FTMH).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>OCT, OCTA, MP and mfERG were performed in 14 eyes with FTMH stages I-IV according to Gass. In 13 points at a distance of 0-2.5°, 2.5-5.0°, and 5.0-10.0° from the fixation point, the light sensitivity (LS), amplitude and latency of the P1 component were compared with the size of the hole, the area of cystic changes (CC) at the level of the inner nuclear layer (INL) and the outer plexiform layer and Henle fiber layer complex (OPL+HFL), vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LS and P1 component amplitude were significantly reduced at a distance of up to 5.0° from the fixation point. LS correlates with the apical and basal diameter of the hole (<i>R</i>> -0.53), the area of CC in the INL (<i>R</i>> -0.62) and the OPL+HFL complex (<i>R</i>> -0.55), the density of vessels in the SCP at a distance of up to 2.5° from the fixation point (<i>R</i>>0.51) and in the DCP at a distance of up to 5° from the fixation point (<i>R</i>>0.49). The P1 amplitude correlates with the basal diameter of the hole (<i>R</i>= -0.38), the area of CC in the INL and the OPL+HFL complex (<i>R</i>> -0.33) and vessel density in the SCP (<i>R</i>=0.37) at a distance of up to 2.5° from the fixation point, as well as vessel density in the DCP at a distance of up to 5° from the fixation point (<i>R</i>=0.47). Vessel density in the DCP is significantly lower in the presence of CC in the retina (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In FTMH, there is a relationship between bioelectrical activity and LS, and structural disorders, capillary perfusion in different layers of the retina. A multimodal topographically oriented approach allows studying the relationship between structural and functional parameters in individual points of the retina and can be used in monitoring of FTMH after surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dacryocystorhinostomy with a counteropening in the treatment of secondary nasolacrimal duct obstruction after radioiodine therapy].","authors":"V D Yartsev, E L Atkova, D V Lipatov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414002260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202414002260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among secondary forms of nasolacrimal duct obstruction caused by radioactive iodine therapy, its distal forms localized in the area of the Hasner's valve are predominant. In this regard, during dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) there is a high probability of developing the sump syndrome, for which the anatomical prerequisite is that the lower edge of the DCR ostium is above the level of obstruction. In such cases, we propose to supplement DCR with a counteropening in the area of the Hasner's valve.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study analyzes the clinical effectiveness of dacryocystorinostomy with a counteropening.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The outcomes of 49 surgeries (49 patients) with secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction due to radioactive iodine therapy were analyzed, including 34 DCR and 15 DCR with a counteropening. The clinical outcomes were analyzed over the longest possible period after surgery. The analysis included the severity of tearing on the Munk scale, the characteristic of the formed ostium on the M. Ali scale and the height of the tear meniscus. Differences were considered significant at a confidence level of 95% (<i>p</i>≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the results of the performed surgeries showed that DCR was clinically effective in 30 (88%) cases, DCR with a counteropening - in 15 (100%) cases. The differences were not statistically significant in the total sample, but were statistically significant when comparing the results of surgeries in patients with distal obliteration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed and clinically tested method of DCR with a counteropening in the area of the Hasner's valve was completely effective in 15 patients with secondary nasolacrimal duct obstruction caused by radioiodine therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 2. Vyp. 2","pages":"60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Objective structural and functional monitoring of polypeptide retinal neuroprotective therapy in diabetic retinopathy].","authors":"A I Malakhova, V V Strakhov, Yu A Malakhova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414005197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202414005197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the contribution of neuroretinal degeneration to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), preceding the classic vascular changes associated with DR.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of the polypeptide drug Retinalamin on the structural and functional condition of the retina in patients with DR using optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Topcon OCT 2000 FA, Japan) and the Diopsys Nova vision testing system for electrophysiological studies of the visual organ.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The clinical study included 56 patients (112 eyes) with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and DR without macular edema. Of these, 28 patients (56 eyes) comprised the main group receiving intramuscular Retinalamin. The control group consisted of 28 patients (56 eyes) who did not receive Retinalamin treatment. The thickness of the ganglion cell complex was analyzed by OCT imaging performed on the Topcon OCT 2000 FA. Electrophysiological studies of the visual organ were conducted using the Diopsys Nova vision testing system, following the Diopsys PERG24 (pattern ERG) and Diopsys ffERG/Multi-Luminance Flicker (full-field ERG, or flash ERG) protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated convincing objective evidence of positive changes in the main observation group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The emergence of two pathogenetically oriented neurodegenerative vectors of DR, involving both the inner and outer retina, significantly expands our understanding of this diabetic complication. This includes the potential for retinal neuroprotective treatment with peptide bioregulators in clinical practice, especially in the early stages of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 5","pages":"97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Approaches for improvement of ocular surface condition in primary open-angle glaucoma].","authors":"S V Yanchenko, S N Sakhnov, A V Malyshev, Sh Zh Teshaev, S S Davlatov, Z O Sapharov, E A Haribova, B G Hamroev","doi":"10.17116/oftalma20241400517","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma20241400517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compares the effectiveness of various approaches to improvement of ocular surface condition in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with dry eye syndrome (DES) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 48 patients with stage II POAG, compensated with a fixed-combinations of dorzolamide and timolol (FC-DT) containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC), in the presence of DES and MGD. After randomization, patients in group 1 (<i>n</i>=24) received FC-DT without BAC along with eyelid hygiene (\"Blepharogel cleansing\", \"Blepharolotion\", \"Blepharogel-1\"), while patients in group 2 received only FC-DT without BAC. The control points (CP) were: 1 - at baseline, 2 - after 4 weeks of therapy. Changes in OSDI score, tear break-up time (TBUT), Bijsterveld's xerosis index (XI), MGD severity, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed at each CP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By the second CP, in group 1 significant improvements were observed in OSDI, TBUT, XI, and MGD severity by the 2nd CP, while in group 2 - in OSDI and TBUT. The improvements in OSDI and TBUT were significantly more pronounced in group 1, likely due to the reduction in MGD severity. The changes in IOP in both groups were insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with POAG, DES, and MGD who are undergoing therapy with BAC-containing medications, an approach involving switching to BAC-free eye drops combined with eyelid hygiene (using \"Blepharogel cleansing\", \"Blepharolotion\", and \"Blepharogel-1\") proved to be more effective than the approach of switching to BAC-free medications without additional eyelid hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 5","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Potential of ultrasonography in determination of orbital inflammation activity in granulomatosis with polyangiitis].","authors":"D S Ismailova, O V Eksarenko, P I Novikov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414006132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202414006132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the capabilities of ultrasonography (US) in determing the stage of orbital inflammation in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 24 patients (8 men and 16 women) with diffuse orbital tissue involvement in GPA. Group 1 (active stage) included nine patients, while group 2 (inactive stage) consisted of 18 patients. Three patients were in both groups. In four patients (16.7%), the inflammation was bilateral, while the remaining 20 (83.3%) had unilateral orbital involvement. A total of 13 US examinations were conducted in group 1, and 22 in group 2. All patients underwent orbital US, including duplex scanning of ocular and orbital vessels, along with multiplanar combined spatial analysis of the orbital inflammatory mass.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ultrasound characteristics in orbital GPA, specifically acoustic density, presence of pathological blood flow within and around the inflammatory mass, and flow intensity varied according to the stage of the inflammatory process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound is a non-invasive and accessible method for assessing inflammation activity in orbital GPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 6","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Results of clinical and immunomorphological analysis in chronic post-traumatic uveitis].","authors":"I A Filatova, N V Balatskaya, I G Kulikova, S A Shemetov, V O Denisyuk","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202414006139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202414006139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was conducted to identify the group at highest risk for autoimmune inflammation through a comparative analysis among patients with chronic post-traumatic uveitis (CPTU).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The clinical group included 50 patients (aged 18 to 87 years, mean age 41±2.6 years) with CPTU resulting from penetrating injury, contusion, or intraocular surgery. All patients underwent comprehensive clinical and diagnostic evaluation, including immunological assessments: leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT), analysis of lymphocyte subpopulation composition, and cytokine profile analysis in both blood serum (BS) and aqueous humor (AH).</p><p><p>All patients underwent removal of the blind, non-functional eye with formation of a support-motor stump, followed by morphological examination.</p><p><p>Patients were divided into four groups based on the presence of immune inflammation, confirmed by morphological analysis, as well as organ-specific sensitization to ocular tissue antigens. Group 1 - histology+, LMIT+ (<i>n</i>=36); group 2 - histology+, LMIT- (<i>n</i>=50); group 3 - histology-, LMIT+ (<i>n</i>=12); group 4 - histology-, LMIT- (<i>n</i>=52). The control group consisted of 30 individuals without ocular pathology, matched by sex and age to the main patient groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In long-term CPTU, statistically significant alterations in major regulatory subpopulations were observed in group 1, with immune inflammation and a positive LMIT. The findings were confirmed in comparisons with both the control group and across study groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical and immunomorphological analysis identified an association between decreased levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in AH and its increased levels in BS, with the risk of autoimmune inflammation in CPTU. The observed changes in the local and systemic cytokine status - reduction of TGF-β1 in AH and increase in BS - may serve as early predictors of autoimmune inflammation, which is important in clinical practice for preventing sympathetic ophthalmia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"140 6","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}