Vestnik oftalmologii最新文献

{"title":"[Sergey Nikolaevich Lozhechnikov - a prominent Russian ophthalmologist and healthcare organizer].","authors":"A S Sarkisov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2025141031100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2025141031100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biography and multifaceted professional activities of Sergey Nikolaevich Lozhechnikov (1838 - March 6, 1911), one of the most respected figures of the Moscow ophthalmological school and Chief Physician of the Moscow Eye Hospital, remain insufficiently explored. This report attempts to generalize scattered and extremely scarce journalistic accounts along with some discovered archival documents that shed light on the key stages of S.N. Lozhechnikov's life, as well as his contributions to the development of ophthalmology and advancement of public healthcare in Russia. The article highlights the close and historically significant connection of the Moscow Eye Hospital with the Moscow University and its medical faculty and clinical infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 3","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Electrophysiological methods in the diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma].","authors":"A A Antonov, I A Ronzina, E D Semenov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2025141041102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2025141041102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by chronic progressive damage to the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and their axons, leading to gradual visual function loss. Currently, the gold standards for structural and functional assessment of the retina in glaucoma are static automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, in clinical practice, data from SAP and OCT may be insufficient to reliably determine the stage of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, monitor its progression, or differentiate it from other causes of visual dysfunction. For these purposes we can use various modifications of electroretinography (ERG), visual evoked cortical potentials (VECPs), as well as electrophosphene testing - threshold retinal electrical sensitivity (TRES) and lability of the optic nerve (LON).</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 4","pages":"102-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of the structure of the lamina cribrosa in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. Structural and circulatory changes in the lamina cribrosa with aging and elevated intraocular pressure].","authors":"N I Kurysheva, V Yu Kim, V E Kim, Kh M Plieva","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514101176","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202514101176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The earliest damage in glaucoma starts in the posterior pole of the eye, where the axons of retinal ganglion cells, that form the optic nerve fibers, and retinal vessels pass through the connective tissue network called the lamina cribrosa (LC). Modern diagnostic techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), enable the visualization of the LC and the assessment of blood flow within it, providing new opportunities for the diagnosis of glaucoma. This review highlights the anatomy and vascularization of the LC, along with the latest research findings obtained via OCT. The article details age-related changes in the LC and the impact of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes on its properties. A novel parameter, the lamina cribrosa curvature index (LCCI), reflecting LC deformation, has been shown to be the most important biomarker of glaucomatous damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 1","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Uveal melanoma and its local inflammation - good or bad for the patient?]","authors":"A F Brovkina, L A Kabardikova, P A Shcherbakov, I V Bure, K B Mirzaev","doi":"10.17116/oftalma20251410115","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma20251410115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 21st century is characterized by the study of the features of malignant tumor infiltration by cellular components of the immune system. While some findings suggest a favorable role of lymphoid infiltration in tumors and its positive impact on survival due to immune defense, the opposite is observed in uveal melanoma (UM): lymphoid infiltration significantly worsens the patient's prognosis. Research on this topic is limited, with some studies confined to experimental models.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the correlation between microRNA-155 expression in the plasma of UM patients after primary enucleation and with pathomorphological inflammatory changes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Eighty-three patients with UM were examined, in 21 cases lymphoid infiltration of the primary tumor was detected, in 6 cases accompanied by a microenvironment. The degree of tumor infiltration with lymphocytes was estimated as a percentage of the total number of cells in the analyzed field, ranging from 1% to 25%. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine microRNA-155 expression in the plasma of all patients before and after enucleation, and its correlation with the level of lymphoid infiltration was analyzed. Postoperative follow-up lasted 6 to 53 months (mean 21.5±14.9 months). In two cases, in the presence of a tumor microenvironment, metastases to the liver were detected 6 and 10 months after enucleation. MicroRNA-155 levels in a volunteer group were used as the control baseline, set at 100% for clarity and convenience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MicroRNA-155 expression levels were higher in patients with lymphoid infiltration (<i>p</i><0.05) and tended to increase with the degree of primary tumor infiltration (<i>p</i><0.001), which in itself, with the appearance of a perifocal lymphoid environment, indicated a poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monitoring microRNA-155 expression levels in the plasma of UM patients may help predict occult metastasis prior to enucleation. This is not only crucial for clinical follow-up but may also play a significant role in the development of targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 1","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The effect of vitrectomy on changes in molecular biomarker levels of the vitreous cavity in the early postoperative period in proliferative diabetic retinopathy].","authors":"Yu Yusef, D V Petrachkov, K V Baryshev, A G Matyushchenko","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514102130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202514102130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determining the levels of molecular biomarkers detected in the vitreous body in various pathological conditions (including diabetic retinopathy), allows for a better understanding of their pathogenesis and optimization of treatment approaches. The multiplex assay is a modern alternative to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enabling the simultaneous analysis of a large number of biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was performed to identify changes in the levels of vitreous biomarkers in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in the early postoperative period following 25-gauge vitrectomy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 24 patients (24 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by PDR requiring surgical intervention for tractional retinal detachment, subtotal or total vitreous hemorrhage, or tractional diabetic macular edema (DME). Vitreous samples were collected from all patients at the first stage of vitrectomy and one month after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One month after surgery, the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreased from 203.8±228.0 to 113±95 pg/ml; however, the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i>=0.307). A significant reduction was observed in the concentrations of the following pro-inflammatory biomarkers: bFGF, CTACK, Eotaxin, HGF, IL-1β, -1α, -4, -12 (p40), -16, -18, IL-2Rα, IP-10, MIG, SCF, SCGF-β, SDF-1α, MIF, and M-CSF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The main effect of vitrectomy on pro-inflammatory cytokines is reduction of their concentration, which confirms the buffering role of the vitreous body in the accumulation of molecular biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 2","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Lower eyelid retraction after inferior rectus recession in thyroid eye disease].","authors":"Y O Grusha, M S Sergeeva, S S Danilov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2025141021101","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2025141021101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The involvement of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in the inflammatory process in thyroid eye disease (TED) often leads to fibrosis, persistent restrictive strabismus, and binocular diplopia. The inferior rectus muscle (IRM) is most commonly affected, resulting in vertical strabismus and hypotropia with significant limitation of upward gaze. Surgical management of restrictive strabismus in TED aims to increase the range of binocular eye movements, eliminate binocular diplopia, and correct the cosmetic defect associated with strabismus. The \"gold standard\" surgery involves weakening of the affected muscles, and is called muscle recession. In cases of severe fibrotic changes, maximal surgical intervention - so-called deep recession - is needed. Due to the anatomical characteristics of the capsulopalpebral fascia (CPF), the main component of the lower eyelid retractors, which originates from the inferior part of the IRM belly, deep IRM recession results in lower eyelid retraction. This significantly affects both the functional state of the lower eyelid (leading to lagophthalmos) and the symmetry of the palpebral fissures. Moderate lower eyelid retraction is typically managed with retractor dissection and lateral canthoplasty, whereas in severe cases various spacers are used. To minimize the number of surgical stages, techniques have been proposed for repositioning and dissecting the Lockwood ligament, specifically the CPF head, simultaneously with IRM recession. However, the effectiveness of these methods remains debatable, and the risk of intraoperative complications is high. Further research is needed to develop an optimal surgical approach for TED patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 2","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Splitting of the iridocorneal complex with duplication of the lens (case study)].","authors":"E A Drozdova, E V Yadykina, A A Karavaeva, T V Kalinina","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514102185","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202514102185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This publication presents a clinical case of a rare ocular anomaly - splitting of the iridocorneal (ICC) complex with duplication of the lens. The article considers epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations of this pathological condition, diagnostic issues and approaches to the management of patients with congenital ocular abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 2","pages":"85-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Neuroprotective therapy of glaucoma].","authors":"A S Vlasova, S A Petrov, E V Renzyak, T N Malishevskaya","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514101183","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202514101183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is a chronic multifactorial neurodegenerative disease; the most studied local risk factors for glaucoma progression are elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and its diurnal fluctuations. However, normalization of IOP does not always guarantee stabilization of the glaucomatous process. This article reviews data from international and Russian studies on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development and progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and discusses current approaches to its therapeutic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 1","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Long-term outcomes of phakic intraocular lens implantation in high myopia].","authors":"Kh M Kamilov, N N Zaynutdinov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514101128","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202514101128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Refractive anomalies are among the leading ocular conditions affecting the working-age population. One of them - high myopia - can cause severe and irreversible ocular changes, resulting in significant visual impairment or loss.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated changes in vault height of phakic intraocular lenses (PIOL) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following the implantation of the ICL V5 (VICM5) lens in patients with high myopia.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>The study included 60 patients. They were monitored for at least 24 months. Observation included measurement of clinical refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), IOP, and the distance between the posterior surface of the optical part of the lens and the anterior surface of the crystalline lens (vault).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All surgeries were completed without complications. The safety and efficacy indices were 1.43 and 1.34, respectively. In 97 eyes (86%) with high myopia UCVA was equal to or better than preoperative values. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -10.59±3.4 D, which improved postoperatively to -0.5±0.75 D. Subsequently, the spherical equivalent remained within ±0.5 D in 89% of patients. The mean postoperative IOP was 15.86±3.30 mm Hg over the course of the 24-month follow-up. One month post-implantation, the vault height of the spherical lens ICL was 469.3±134.4 µm and 432.6±124.5 µm after 24 months (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implantation of the Visian ICL V5 lens is a safe and effective alternative refractive surgery method for the correction of high myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 1","pages":"28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Predictive modeling of glaucomatous optic neuropathy progression rate in patients with newly diagnosed early primary open-angle glaucoma].","authors":"N I Kurysheva, S I Ponomareva, E V Maslova, V E Kim, O Ye Rodionova, A L Pomerantsev","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514102122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202514102122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness, often develops asymptomatically, necessitating early diagnosis and prediction of the progression rate of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop a classification model using machine learning methods for predicting the rate of GON progression, and to identify the most significant predictors of progression in patients with newly diagnosed early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 59 patients (59 eyes) with early POAG, categorized into three groups based on the expert assessment of GON progression rate over a 36-month follow-up using dynamic morphofunctional evaluation. A classification model incorporating 35 clinical parameters, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A) data, was developed using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 36-month follow-up, slow GON progression was recorded in 21 patients, moderate in 18, and rapid in 20. The mean progression rates were -0.77±1.27%/year for visual field area, -1.21±1.48 µm/year for retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and -1.23±1.77 µm/year for ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness. The model demonstrated sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 95%, and efficiency of 92%. The most significant predictors of GON progression were mean vessel density in the deep vascular plexus of the macular region (wiVD_Deep), choriocapillaris dropout in the inferior-nasal peripapillary region, choroidal thickness in the fovea, and lamina cribrosa thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed model effectively classifies patients based on the predicted progression rate of GON, which is important for individualized approach to glaucoma treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 2","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}