Veterinary immunology and immunopathology最新文献

{"title":"Design of a randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluating efficacy and safety of a cancer preventative vaccine in dogs","authors":"Jenna H. Burton ,&nbsp;Stephen Albert Johnston ,&nbsp;David M. Vail ,&nbsp;Jens C. Eickhoff ,&nbsp;Kathryn F. Sykes ,&nbsp;Justin R. Brown ,&nbsp;Luhui Shen ,&nbsp;Ana Gervassi ,&nbsp;Rodney L. Page ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Willcox ,&nbsp;Sami Al-Nadaf ,&nbsp;Amanda L. Willis ,&nbsp;Danielle Biggs ,&nbsp;Jessica Ralston ,&nbsp;Irene Mok ,&nbsp;Ilene D. Kurzman ,&nbsp;Michael K. Huelsmeyer ,&nbsp;Rubi Hayim ,&nbsp;Brittany M. Smith ,&nbsp;Douglas H. Thamm","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Preventative anti-cancer vaccination strategies have long been hampered by the challenge of targeting the diverse array of potential tumor antigens, with successes to date limited to cancers with viral etiologies. Identification and vaccination against frameshift </span>neoantigens<span><span> conserved across multiple species and tumor histologies is a potential cancer preventative strategy currently being investigated. Companion dogs<span> spontaneously develop cancers at a similar incidence to those in people and are a complementary comparative patient population for the development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics. In addition to an intact immune system with tumors that arise in an autochthonous tumor microenvironment, dogs also have a shorter lifespan and temporally compressed tumor natural history as compared to humans, which allows for more rapid evaluation of safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of cancer vaccination strategies. Here we describe the study protocol for the Vaccination Against </span></span>Canine Cancer Study (VACCS), the largest interventional cancer clinical trial conducted in companion dogs to date. In addition to safety and immunogenicity, the primary endpoint of VACCS is the cumulative incidence (CI) of dogs developing malignant neoplasia of any type at the end of the study period. Secondary endpoints include changes in incidence of specific tumor types, survival times following neoplasia diagnosis, and all-cause mortality.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 110691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of DLA-DRB1 amino acids outside the shared epitope in dachshund susceptibility to immune-mediated polyarthritis","authors":"Meg Nakazawa ,&nbsp;Ryuichi Nakajima ,&nbsp;Ayaka Oshima ,&nbsp;Atsushi Yamazaki ,&nbsp;Masaharu Okano ,&nbsp;Jiro Miyamae ,&nbsp;Fumihiko Katakura ,&nbsp;Kazuya Edamura ,&nbsp;Tadaaki Moritomo ,&nbsp;Toshihiro Watari","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Canine immune-mediated </span>polyarthritis<span> (IMPA) is an idiopathic disorder encompassing both erosive and non-erosive forms of rheumatoid arthritis<span><span> (RA), with a clinical picture similar to human RA. Resemblance in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-associated risk between the two was first noted within the specific </span>amino acid motif known as the shared epitope (SE) on </span></span></span>human leukocyte antigen<span> DRB1. Following further identification of amino acids conferring risk for human RA outside the SE, this study was designed to examine amino acids both within and outside the classic SE in dachshunds, a breed with reported susceptibility to IMPA in Japan. Genome-wide association studies have linked positions 11, 13 and 71 with strong risk for human RA and important roles in </span></span>antigen presentation<span> to T cells<span>. Sequence based genotyping of 16 case and 64 control dachshunds revealed strong associations comparable to human RA between IMPA risk and valine<span><span> at position 11 (Val-11), phenylalanine at 13 (Phe-13), and arginine at 71 (Arg-71) on the </span>dog<span><span> leukocyte antigen (DLA)-DRB1 molecule (OR 2.89, 95%CI 1.3–6.4, p = 0.009), while association with the classic SE was significant only regarding </span>homozygote frequency of the QRRAA haplotype—also carrying Val 11 and Phe 13 outside the SE (p = 0.04). Moreover, limited range in possible combinations of amino acids at positions 11, 13 and 71 starting with Val-11 among all DLA-DRB1 alleles registered with the GenBank and IPD-MHC canine databases, suggested potential of further single-breed analyses in dachshunds to clarify the disorder in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and epigenetic control, while clinical and immunopathogenetic similarities between human and dachshund RA also suggested the possibility of gaining insight into RA per se through study of canine IMPA as a spontaneous model of human RA.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 110690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138541496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence determination in pets and camels in Egypt using multispecies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","authors":"Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan ,&nbsp;Manar M. Farouk ,&nbsp;M.E. Ali ,&nbsp;Esraa A. Elsafiee ,&nbsp;Naglaa Hagag ,&nbsp;Fatma Abdelkader","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has translated into a worldwide economic recession and public health crisis. Bats have been incriminated as the main natural host for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the reservoir and carrier hosts of the </span>virus<span><span> remain unknown. Therefore, a cross sectional serosurvey study was performed to estimate antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. To assess IgM antibodies<span> to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid<span><span> protein (NP), a SARS-CoV-2 Double Antigen Multispecies diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used. The seropositive samples were confirmed and validated by measuring IgG antibody titers in sera. The enrolled animals were from different locations in the Giza governorate, Egypt, and were sampled at the time of the pandemic; they comprised 92 </span>companion animals and 92 domestic </span></span></span>camels<span><span>. The study established that 4.76% (1/21 clinical samples) of dogs<span>, 7.69% of cats (1/13 shelter samples) and 1.08% (1/92) of camels, had measurable SARS-CoV-2 NP IgM antibodies. All IgM-seropositive samples were IgG positive with a measurable titer of 34.5, 28.6, and 25.8 UI/mL for dog, cat, and camels, respectively. According to our best knowledge, this study was the first to assess SARS-CoV-2 </span></span>seroprevalence in the specific animals investigated in Egypt. These results may herald a promising epidemiological role for pet animals and camels in SARS-CoV-2 virus maintenance. Thus, our study's results ought to be confirmed with a nationwide seroprevalence study, and further studies are required to clarify whether these animals act as active or passive carriers.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 110683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topics on maternal, fetal and neonatal immunology of dogs and cats","authors":"Keylla Helena Nobre Pacífico Pereira,&nbsp;Kárita da Mata Fuchs,&nbsp;Júlia Cosenza Mendonça,&nbsp;Gleice Mendes Xavier,&nbsp;Fabíola Cardoso Knupp,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Gomes Lourenço","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Birth and the first few weeks of age are critical periods of developing the immune system of puppies and kittens and adapting to an environment containing a variety of infectious agents. The survival rate during these periods depends mainly on the newborn's immune capacity to prevent and combat infections. Although most components of innate and adaptive immunity are present at birth, responses are slow and immature compared to adults. Due to immunological immaturity and the endotheliochorial placental structure, circulating concentrations of immunoglobulins in </span>dogs<span> and cats at birth are quite low. Thus, newborns need a prompt and immediate immune response, which is essentially provided by defense cells and </span></span>maternal antibodies<span> via colostrum. Failure to ingest colostrum is correlated with high mortality rates in the </span></span>neonatal period<span><span>. Concurrently, factors related to pregnant, such as pregnancy physiological immunosuppression and nutritional and health states, can directly influence newborn immunity and health. Therefore, understanding the maternal and neonatal immunological aspects, importance of colostrum, risk factors for failure to transfer </span>passive immunity and colostrum substitute strategies are essential to ensure the survival of the litter.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 110678"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138448409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine NK subsets in the afferent lymph and lymph nodes have distinct expression of naïve and activation-associated cell surface expressed molecules, and are differentially stimulated by BCG vaccination","authors":"Andrew J. Hanton ,&nbsp;Lindsey A. Waddell ,&nbsp;Jayne C. Hope ,&nbsp;Mark Gray ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine natural killer (bNK) cells are heterogeneous cell populations defined by constitutive expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptor, NKp46 (CD335). Two major subsets of bNK cells, classified by differential expression of CD2, display divergent functions in innate immunity, and are hypothesised to contribute to adaptive immunity following vaccination. Here we characterised phenotypic variation of bNK cells within afferent lymph and lymph node (LN) tissues and between CD2⁺ and CD2^- bNK subsets, and report phenotypic changes induced by BCG vaccination. CD2^- bNK cells, which dominate in the afferent lymph and LN, displayed lower expression of the activation marker CD25 within the LN, with CD25⁺ cells being less than half as frequent as in afferent lymph. Furthermore, we found bNK cells had a lower expression of CD45RB, associated in cattle with naïve cell status, within LN compared to afferent lymph. Following BCG vaccination, bNK cells in afferent lymph draining the vaccination site showed increased CD2^-CD25⁺ frequencies and increased expression of CD25 on CD2⁺ bNK cells, although the frequency of these cells remained unchanged. In summary, we provide an overview of the phenotype of bNK cells within bovine lymphatic tissues, and provide an indication of how subsets may diverge following BCG vaccination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 110682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242723001368/pdfft?md5=be789ed2264841241970a530f7c6bb0b&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242723001368-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138413430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel monoclonal antibody against porcine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) detects expression on the cell surface of macrophages","authors":"Lindsey A. Waddell ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Wu ,&nbsp;Kristin A. Sauter ,&nbsp;Jayne C. Hope ,&nbsp;David A. Hume","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1) controls the proliferation and differentiation of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system through binding to the receptor CSF1R. The expression and function of CSF1 has been well-studied in rodents and humans, but knowledge is lacking in other veterinary species. The development of a novel mouse anti-porcine CSF1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) facilitates the characterisation of this growth factor in pigs. Cell surface expression of CSF1 was confirmed on differentiated macrophage populations derived from blood and bone marrow monocytes, and on lung resident macrophages, the first species for this to be confirmed. However, monocytes isolated from blood and bone marrow lacked CSF1 expression. This species-specific mAb delivers the opportunity to further understanding of porcine myeloid cell biology. This is not only vital for the role of pigs as a model for human health, but also as a veterinary species of significant economic and agricultural importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 110681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242723001356/pdfft?md5=cfd2d0c078ee6e073d7599a31e3f77f2&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242723001356-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic potential of inflammatory markers, oxidative status, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome","authors":"Kerim Emre Yanar ,&nbsp;Emre Eren ,&nbsp;Mustafa Sinan Aktaş ,&nbsp;Muhammed Sertaç Eroğlu ,&nbsp;Özge Kandemir ,&nbsp;Gürsel Aydın","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study aimed to assess the prognostic value of inflammatory markers, indicators of oxidative stress<span>, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) induced by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) upon admission. A prospective, observational, and case-control study was conducted on 56 calves diagnosed with NCD. Mean concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione<span> (GSH), mean platelet volume<span> (MPV), platelet distribution width<span> (PDW), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Crea) were measured. Furthermore, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also calculated for SIRS survivors [SIRS (survivor)] and non-survivors [SIRS (non-survivor)] induced by NCD. A prognostic cut-off value for predicting the prognosis of the SIRS’s induced by NCD was obtained via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Upon admission, the SIRS (non-survivor) calves had significantly higher (P &lt; .001) average levels of IL-6, MDA, BUN, Crea, MPV, and PDW compared to the SIRS (survivor) calves and significantly lower (P &lt; .001) average levels of GSH. Despite an apparent increase in the NLR and PLR values of calves diagnosed with SIRS, no significant difference was found between the survival and non-survivor SIRS cases. Positive predictive values (PPVs) for survival were determined as 100 %, 100 %, 80 %, 100 %, 80 %, and 80 %, respectively, using cut-off values of IL-6 (≤259.67 ng/L), MDA (≤2.87 nmol/mL), MPV (≤12.5 fL), PDW (≤34.25 %), BUN (≤168.3 mg/dL), and Crea (≤2.11 mg/dL). The determined threshold values are those obtained upon admission to the hospital. Based on the sensitivity, specificity, and PPVs derived from the ROC analysis, it has been concluded that IL-6, MDA, MPV, PDW, BUN, and Crea are the most relevant biomarkers used for predicting the prognosis of NCD-induced SIRS in calves. Furthermore, it is also noteworthy that IL-6 exhibited the highest effectiveness among all biomarkers.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 110680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135714567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine immune cells express high levels of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and cannabinoid-mediated alteration of canine cytokine production is vehicle-dependent","authors":"Clare Brown ,&nbsp;Matthew Mitsch ,&nbsp;Karis Blankenship ,&nbsp;Carly Campbell ,&nbsp;Mimi Pelanne ,&nbsp;Jaylan Sears ,&nbsp;Abigail Bell ,&nbsp;Alicia K. Olivier ,&nbsp;Matthew K. Ross ,&nbsp;Todd Archer ,&nbsp;Barbara L.F. Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the increased popularity and societal acceptance of marijuana and cannabidiol (CBD) use in humans, there is an interest in using cannabinoids in veterinary medicine. There have been a few placebo-controlled clinical trials in dogs suggesting that cannabis-containing extracts are beneficial for dogs with inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis, and there is growing interest in their immunosuppressive potential for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. Since cannabinoids exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in many species, the purpose of these studies was to examine whether the plant-derived cannabinoids, CBD and Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), would also suppress immune function in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Another goal was to characterize expression of the cannabinoid receptors, CB₁ and CB₂, in canine immune cells. We hypothesized that CBD and THC would suppress stimulated cytokine expression and that both cannabinoid receptors would be expressed in canine immune cells. Surprisingly, cannabinoid suppressive effects in canine PMBCs were quite modest, with the most robust effect occurring at early stimulation times and predominantly by THC. We further showed that cannabinoid-mediated suppression was dog- and vehicle-dependent with CBD and THC delivered in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) producing more immune suppressive effects as compared to ethanol (ETOH). PCR, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that both CB₁ and CB₂ are expressed in canine immune cells. Together these data show that canine immune cells are sensitive to suppression by cannabinoids, but more detailed studies are needed to further understand the mechanisms and broad effects of these compounds in the dog.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 110667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92027374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and susceptibility of unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle to paratuberculosis","authors":"Anabel A. Garcia ,&nbsp;Karren M. Plain ,&nbsp;Peter C. Thomson ,&nbsp;Aaron J. Thomas ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Davies ,&nbsp;Jenny-Ann L.M.L. Toribio ,&nbsp;Richard J. Whittington","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine Johne’s disease (BJD) or paratuberculosis is caused by <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> spp. <em>paratuberculosis</em> (MAP) and is a worldwide problem among domestic and wild ruminants. While vaccines are available, natural differences in background immunity between breeds within species and between individuals within herds suggest that genetic differences may be able to be exploited in marker-assisted selection as an aid to disease control. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is an important component in immune recognition with considerable genetic variability. In this study, associations between the MHC and resistance to BJD were explored in dairy cattle across two herds in which some of the cattle had been vaccinated with Silirum® (n = 540 cows). A BJD susceptible animal was exposed to MAP and became infected, while a resistant animal was exposed but did not become infected. There are different ways to define both exposure and infection, with different levels of stringency, therefore many classifications of the same set of animals are possible and were included in the analysis. The polymorphic regions of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and class II (MHC II) genes were amplified from the genomic DNA by PCR and sequenced, targeting exons 2 and 3 of the classical and non-classical MHC I genes and exon 2 from the DRB3, DQA1, DQA2 + 3 and DQB MHC II genes. The frequencies of MHC I and MHC II haplotypes and alleles were determined in susceptible and resistant populations. In unvaccinated animals, seven MHC I haplotypes and seven MHC II haplotypes were associated with susceptibility while two MHC I and six MHC II haplotypes were associated with resistance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In vaccinated animals, two MHC I and three MHC II haplotypes were associated with susceptibility, while one MHC I and two MHC II haplotypes were associated with resistance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The alleles in significant haplotypes were also identified. Case definitions with higher stringency resulted in fewer animals being included in the analyses, but the power to detect an association was not reduced and there was an increase in strength and consistency of associations. Consistent use of stringent case definitions is likely to improve agreement in future association studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 110677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242723001319/pdfft?md5=be49f6a7519d9d1821e60a9e25e90186&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242723001319-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89719669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Cherry Valley duck IRF1 mediated signal pathway in host anti-duck Tembusu virus","authors":"Xingdong Song ,&nbsp;Tingting Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Xing ,&nbsp;Jinchao Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhai ,&nbsp;Xiuyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Runchun Miao ,&nbsp;Tianxu Li ,&nbsp;Liangmeng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China is the country with the largest amount of duck<span> breeding as well as duck meat and egg production. In recent years, the emergence and spread of duck Tembusu virus<span><span><span><span><span> (DTMUV) has become one of the important factors in reducing the amount of duck slaughter, which seriously endangers the duck breeding industry in our country. In-depth research on the mechanism of duck innate immunity facilitates the exploration of new models for the treatment of DTMUV infection. </span>IRF1<span> can induce the expression of many antiviral immune factors in the animal organism and play an important role in the innate immune response. In this study, we used interfering RNA to knock down the IRF1 gene in DEF cells and then the cells were infected with DTMUV. We found that knockdown of IRF1 promoted DTMUV replication at an early stage and caused downregulation of the expression of several major pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), </span></span>interleukins (IL), </span>interferons (IFN), </span>antiviral proteins<span><span>, and MHC molecules by assay, showing that the duIRF1-mediated signaling pathway plays an extremely important role in DTMUV-induced host innate immunity. In addition, we constructed the recombinant expression plasmid pET32a(+)-duIRF1-His, and finally prepared the </span>polyclonal antibody of duIRF1 with good specificity, hoping to provide a detection means for research on the mechanism of IRF1 in innate immunity in our laboratory and in this field.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 110666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134657497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}