Veterinary immunology and immunopathology最新文献

Efficacy of the H7N9 vaccine as a candidate for the Korean avian influenza antigen bank 作为韩国禽流感抗原库候选疫苗的 H7N9 疫苗的功效

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110851

{"title":"Efficacy of the H7N9 vaccine as a candidate for the Korean avian influenza antigen bank","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The avian influenza A virus (H7N9), first detected in China in 2013, is a zoonotic virus that remains persistent in bird populations despite a decline in human cases owing to control measures. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a vaccine as one preventive strategy in anticipation of the potential entry of H7N9 into Korea. Using the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase consensus sequences of H7N9 from 2018–2019, a recombinant H7N9 vaccine, rgAPQAH7N9, was developed, and its protective efficacy in specific pathogen-free chickens was evaluated. The rgAPQAH7N9 vaccine exhibited proliferation in eggs and demonstrated high immunogenicity, with a hemagglutination inhibition titer of 9.3 log<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, the vaccine provided complete protection, as vaccinated chickens did not exhibit clinical signs or viral shedding. Moreover, when the rgAPQAH7N9 vaccine was boosted, the resulting immunity was long-lasting, with hemagglutination inhibition titers > 7 log2 persisting after 6 months. Therefore, the rgAPQAH7N9 vaccine virus may be considered a potential candidate for inclusion in the avian influenza antigen bank to ensure preparedness for emergency vaccination in poultry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of bovine IgG3-specific assays using a novel recombinant single-domain binding reagent 利用新型重组单域结合试剂开发牛 IgG3 特异性检测方法

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110852

{"title":"Development of bovine IgG3-specific assays using a novel recombinant single-domain binding reagent","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cattle express three subclasses of IgG antibody - IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3. Unlike IgG1 and IgG2, IgG3 was described relatively recently and the role of this subclass in immunity is unknown. Using recombinant bovine IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), we demonstrated that only one of the commercially available anti-bovine IgG mAbs tested was able to recognize IgG3, and no mAb exclusively bound IgG3. Here, we evaluated a small ankyrin repeat protein, called Ankyron™ AZS40101, that was generated to bind to bovine IgG3. Ankyron™ AZS40101 bound specifically to IgG3 with minimal reactivity to IgG1 and IgG2. Ankyron™ AZS40101 was shown to be useful in ELISA assays as either a capture or detection reagent. Utilisation of Ankyron™ AZS40101 alongside IgG1 and IgG2 specific mAbs to detect antigen-specific IgG subclasses in the serum of cattle sequentially vaccinated with heterologous foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid antigens revealed a low-level antigen-specific IgG3 response, in addition to IgG1 and IgG2 responses. Assessment of the total IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 levels in healthy cattle plasma samples showed that IgG3 was measurable at a mean concentration of 0.19 mg/mL, although this was significantly lower than those of IgG1 (mean 3.28 mg/mL) and IgG2 (mean 3.41 mg/mL). Thus, Ankyron™ AZS40101 is a new reagent that provides utility for measurement of bovine IgG3 responses to infection and vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solving technical issues in flow cytometry to characterize porcine CD8α/β expressing lymphocytes 解决流式细胞仪表征猪 CD8α/β 表达淋巴细胞的技术问题

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110853

{"title":"Solving technical issues in flow cytometry to characterize porcine CD8α/β expressing lymphocytes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CD8 molecule is a cell surface receptor and well described as co-receptor on T cells, binding directly to the major histocompatibility complex class I on antigen presenting cells. CD8 antigens are comprised of two distinct polypeptide chains, the α and the β chain. In the pig, the CD8 receptor is expressed by several lymphocyte subsets, including Natural Killer cells, γδ T cells and antigen experienced CD4<sup>+</sup> αβ T cells. On these cell populations CD8 is expressed as αα homodimers. Porcine cytolytic T cells on the other hand exclusively express CD8 αβ heterodimers. Several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for either of the two chains are available and are frequently used in flow cytometry. We observed that distinct combinations of mAb clones for CD8α and CD8β chains can cause troubles in multi-color staining panels. Therefore, we aimed for an in-depth study of the usage of different CD8-specific mAb clones and optimizing co-staining strategies for flow cytometry. We tested mAb clones 11/295/33 and 76–2–11 for the detection of CD8α and mAb clones PPT23 and PG164A for the detection of CD8β. The results indicate that the CD8α clone 11/295/33 should not be used together with either of the two CD8β clones in the same incubation step, as co-staining led to a highly reduced ability of CD8β mAb binding and loss in signal in flow cytometry. This can lead to potential false results in detecting CD8αβ cytolytic T cells. In case of the CD8α mAb clone 76–2–11, no inhibition in binding of either CD8β mAb clones was observed, making it the preferred choice in multi-color staining panels. The obtained data will help in future panel designs for flow cytometry in the pig and therefore improving studies of porcine immune cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of key immune genes in polarized porcine monocyte-derived macrophage subsets 极化猪单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞亚群中关键免疫基因的表达。

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110841

{"title":"Expression of key immune genes in polarized porcine monocyte-derived macrophage subsets","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Swine are considered one of the most relevant large animal biomedical models since they share many immunological similarities with humans. Despite that, macrophage polarization has not comprehensively investigated in pigs. In this study, porcine monocyte-derived macrophages (moMΦ) were untreated or stimulated with IFN-γ + LPS (classical activation), or by different M2 polarizing stimuli: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, or dexamethasone. Expression of key cytokine genes (<em>IL1B2, IL33, IL19, IL22, IL26, CCL17, CCL24, IFNA, IFNB)</em> in macrophage subsets were investigated over time<em>.</em> Expression of the genes encoding the two main enzymes of the arginine pathway (<em>ARG1</em>, <em>NOS2</em>), and molecules related to alternative macrophage polarization in human and mice (<em>MMP9, MRC1, FIZZ1, VEGFA)</em> were also assessed<em>.</em> Stimulation with IFN-γ + LPS triggered up-regulation of <em>IL1B2, IFNB, NOS2,</em> whereas IL-4 triggered upregulation of <em>CCL17, CCL24, CXCR2,</em> and <em>ARG1</em> expression. <em>IL19</em> and <em>IL22</em> expression was enhanced by stimulation with IFN-γ + LPS or TGF-β, but not IL-4, IL-10, or dexamethasone. Our data highlighted some peculiarities in swine, such as induced expression of <em>IL33</em> after stimulation with IFN-γ + LPS, and no up-regulation of <em>FIZZ1, VEGFA</em> or <em>MMP9</em> after exposure to any of the M2 polarizing stimuli. A better understanding of porcine macrophage polarization could benefit translational studies using this large animal model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D3 mediates autophagy to alleviate inflammatory responses in bovine endometrial epithelial cells and organoids via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway 维生素 D3 通过 PI3K/AKT/mTOR 通路介导自噬，减轻牛子宫内膜上皮细胞和器官组织的炎症反应

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110839

{"title":"Vitamin D3 mediates autophagy to alleviate inflammatory responses in bovine endometrial epithelial cells and organoids via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a natural anti-inflammatory agent, it remains unclear whether the anti-inflammatory effects of VD3 (1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3) are related to autophagy. This study investigates the impact of VD3 on inflammatory injury, autophagy, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) and bovine endometrial organoids (BEOs). BEECs and BEOs were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 24 hours, followed by treatment with LPS+VD3 (50 ng/ml) for 6 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK8 assay. The expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TLR4, NF-κB), autophagy markers (Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG7, p62), and components of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (PI3K, AKT, and mTOR) were quantified using qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. LC3B expression was detected by immunofluorescence, and the apoptosis rate was assessed using Annexin V. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TLR4, and NF-κB, along with a notable increase in the activity of <em>CAT</em> and <em>SOD2</em> in the LPS+VD3 group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The expression of autophagy-related factors was significantly increased, whereas the expression of signaling pathway factors was decreased in the LPS+VD3 group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Additionally, apoptosis was significantly alleviated in the LPS+VD3 group (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Collectively, these findings indicate that VD3 modulates autophagy, attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in BEECs and BEOs, and inhibits LPS-induced apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the phase-specific antibody response in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) after two doses of an inactivated phase I Coxiella burnetii vaccine 评估水牛接种两剂 I 型烧伤柯西氏菌灭活疫苗后的阶段性特异性抗体反应

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110840

{"title":"Evaluation of the phase-specific antibody response in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) after two doses of an inactivated phase I Coxiella burnetii vaccine","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The control and management of Q fever outbreaks in ruminants are currently based on vaccination. Although buffalo (<em>Bubalus bubalis</em>) are intensively farmed in several countries and represent a reservoir for Coxiellosis, no evidence has been described regarding the efficacy of vaccination in this species. This work aimed to evaluate the humoral response, using appropriate phase-specific ELISAs, and the effects on abortion rate in buffalo by a field study. A total of 15 seropositive and 20 seronegative animals were vaccinated twice, three weeks apart, with a commercial phase I vaccine, and phase-specific antibodies were determined in the course of vaccination. Although anti-phase II antibody reactivity predominated after vaccination compared to phase I, both anti-phase I- and -phase II-antibody-reactivity significantly increased after the first (p = 0.001) and again after the second vaccination (p = 0.05). Seroconversion did not significantly depend on age or natural infection status. Once the vaccination cycle was completed, the herd study observed a reduced rate of abortion and placenta retention. Our data demonstrated that the vaccine principally induced a similar antibody response as in goats and sheep. These preliminary data appeared to support vaccination in buffalo, even in seropositive animals, although further studies are needed to better define the dynamics concerning seroconversion in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bovine papillomavirus gene expression and inflammatory pathway activation vary between equine sarcoid tumour subtypes 牛乳头瘤病毒基因表达和炎症通路激活在马肉瘤亚型之间存在差异。

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110838

{"title":"Bovine papillomavirus gene expression and inflammatory pathway activation vary between equine sarcoid tumour subtypes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equine sarcoids are common non-metastasising skin tumours in horses, associated with bovine papillomavirus (BPV) infection. Six subtypes are recognised (occult, verrucose, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed and malevolent lesions), with variable clinical behaviour. The pathophysiology underlying varying tumour phenotype is poorly understood, and previous data on associations with viral load have been conflicting. To better understand this clinical variation, we investigated associations between tumour subtype and viral load, viral early protein gene expression, and expression of 10 host genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 27 sarcoids and 5 normal skin samples. Viral DNA copy number did not differ between subtypes but was significantly higher in animals with fewer tumours. Expression of BPV E2 and E6 was higher in occult lesions compared to fibroblastic or nodular lesions, while E5 expression was higher in previously-treated lesions. Of the host genes, only <em>IL6</em> and <em>IL1B</em> differed between subtypes, with higher expression in fibroblastic lesions, while <em>IL10</em> and <em>CCL5</em> were elevated compared to skin in all lesion types, and elevations in <em>TNF</em> and <em>TGFB1</em> were significant for occult lesions only. Expression of <em>TLR9</em>, <em>ATR</em> <!-->, <em>VEGFA</em> and <em>PTGS2</em> in sarcoids was not significantly different from normal skin, suggesting differences between BPV and human papillomavirus tumorigenesis. Results for BPV viral load and gene expression differed from previous reports and are insufficient to explain the spectrum of tumour phenotypes. Activation of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune pathways in sarcoids could influence tumour growth and effective immune responses, and the contribution of specific infiltrating immune cells requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the diagnostic and prognostic importance of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alfa (TNF-α), Procalcitonin (PCT), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Haptoglobin (HP) in calves with neonatal diarrhea 肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、降钙素原 (PCT)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6) 和aptoglobin (HP) 对新生儿腹泻犊牛诊断和预后重要性的研究。

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110837

{"title":"Investigation of the diagnostic and prognostic importance of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alfa (TNF-α), Procalcitonin (PCT), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Haptoglobin (HP) in calves with neonatal diarrhea","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of Procalcitonin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, and Haptoglobin levels on the prognosis of calves classified according to the severity of diarrhea. The animal material comprised 48 diarrheic calves of different breeds and sexes, aged 1‐30 days, and 16 healthy calves aged 1–30 days. The 48 diarrheic calves used were divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 16 calves. Group 1 was designed as Viral (Rota + Corona n = 16), Group 2 as Bacterial (E. coli n = 16), and Group 3 as Parasitic (Cryptosporidiosis n = 16). Each of these groups was further divided into 2 subgroups (moderate and severe subgroups). Blood samples were taken from the diarrheic calves before treatment (0 h) and at 24 and 72 h after treatment. Complete blood count, biochemical, blood gas analyses, and ELISA tests were performed.</div><div>It was determined that 18.75 % (9/48) of the 48 diarrheic calves included in the study died, while 81.25 % (39/48) survived. The highest mortality rate among the patient groups was observed in the severe rota + corona group (37.5 %).</div><div>The average PCT concentration in the diarrheic calves in the Rota-corona and E. coli groups at 0 and 24 hours was found to be higher than both the healthy calves and the diarrheic calves in the Cryptosporidium spp. group (P<0.001). This increase was also observed in the Cryptosporidium spp. group at 72 h (P<0.001). A positive and moderate correlation was observed between Procalcitonin and TNF-α (r = 0.603, P<0.001). As a result, it was concluded that the Procalcitonin value, along with other tests, could be used as a biomarker to determine the prognosis of the disease in diarrheic calves, regardless of the etiological agent. This study was evaluated as an original study in which cytokines and acute phase proteins were investigated before and after treatment, with diarrhea divided into subgroups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotype of bovine mononuclear phagocytes– An update 牛单核吞噬细胞的表型--最新进展。

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110836

引用次数: 0

Ruminant livestock TR V(D)J genes and CDR3 repertoire 反刍家畜 TR V(D)J 基因和 CDR3 基因库

IF 1.4 3区农林科学

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110829

引用次数: 0