Characteristics of neutrophil chemotaxis in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110883

Soichiro Ishisaka, Yuichi Yokotani, Takao Segawa, Takuya Itou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cetaceans have adapted to aquatic life by evolving various anatomic and physiologic traits, but biological defense mechanisms specific to aquatic mammals that protect against pathogenic microorganisms in the aquatic environment have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bottlenose dolphins in response to various chemotactic factors and compared the migration response with that of terrestrial animals such as cows and humans to characterize biological defense mechanisms unique to cetaceans. Bottlenose dolphin neutrophils showed strong chemotactic activity toward zymosan-activated serum and recombinant human interleukin-8 but no chemotaxis toward N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or leukotriene B₄ at any concentration examined. Bovine and human neutrophils showed the strongest chemotactic activity at 37°C, whereas chemotactic activity declined significantly at 15°C and 4°C. By contrast, bottlenose dolphin neutrophils exhibited relatively strong chemotactic activity even at 15°C. These results suggest that the mechanism by which bottlenose dolphin neutrophils detect chemoattractants differs from that of terrestrial mammals and that the immune system of cetaceans may be cold-adaptive, allowing the animals to exert robust host defense responses in aquatic habitats, which tend to be colder than the terrestrial environment.

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宽吻海豚中性粒细胞趋化特性。

鲸目动物通过进化出各种解剖和生理特征来适应水生生活，但水生哺乳动物特有的保护水生环境中病原微生物的生物防御机制尚未阐明。在本研究中，我们研究了宽吻海豚对各种趋化因子的多形核白细胞迁移，并将其与陆地动物（如奶牛和人类）的迁移反应进行了比较，以表征鲸目动物特有的生物防御机制。宽吻海豚中性粒细胞对酶活性血清和重组人白细胞介素-8具有较强的趋化活性，但对n-甲氧基-亮基-苯丙氨酸和白三烯B4在任何浓度下均无趋化活性。牛和人中性粒细胞在37°C时表现出最强的趋化活性，而在15°C和4°C时趋化活性显著下降。相比之下，宽吻海豚中性粒细胞即使在15°C下也表现出相对较强的趋化活性。这些结果表明，宽吻海豚中性粒细胞检测化学引诱剂的机制与陆地哺乳动物不同，鲸目动物的免疫系统可能是冷适应的，允许动物在水生栖息地发挥强大的宿主防御反应，这些栖息地往往比陆地环境更冷。

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来源期刊

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 农林科学-免疫学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

70 days

期刊介绍： The journal reports basic, comparative and clinical immunology as they pertain to the animal species designated here: livestock, poultry, and fish species that are major food animals and companion animals such as cats, dogs, horses and camels, and wildlife species that act as reservoirs for food, companion or human infectious diseases, or as models for human disease. Rodent models of infectious diseases that are of importance in the animal species indicated above,when the disease requires a level of containment that is not readily available for larger animal experimentation (ABSL3), will be considered. Papers on rabbits, lizards, guinea pigs, badgers, armadillos, elephants, antelope, and buffalo will be reviewed if the research advances our fundamental understanding of immunology, or if they act as a reservoir of infectious disease for the primary animal species designated above, or for humans. Manuscripts employing other species will be reviewed if justified as fitting into the categories above. The following topics are appropriate: biology of cells and mechanisms of the immune system, immunochemistry, immunodeficiencies, immunodiagnosis, immunogenetics, immunopathology, immunology of infectious disease and tumors, immunoprophylaxis including vaccine development and delivery, immunological aspects of pregnancy including passive immunity, autoimmuity, neuroimmunology, and transplanatation immunology. Manuscripts that describe new genes and development of tools such as monoclonal antibodies are also of interest when part of a larger biological study. Studies employing extracts or constituents (plant extracts, feed additives or microbiome) must be sufficiently defined to be reproduced in other laboratories and also provide evidence for possible mechanisms and not simply show an effect on the immune system.