Transboundary and Emerging Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Role of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 (BHV-4) in Dairy Cow Reproductive Disorders: Insights From a Multifaceted Study in China","authors":"Lingling Zhu,&nbsp;Xinjun Dai,&nbsp;Yuxin Lai,&nbsp;Zhigang Guo,&nbsp;Yiping Gu,&nbsp;Jianwei Zhang,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang,&nbsp;Guangjun Chang,&nbsp;Huochun Yao,&nbsp;Zihao Pan","doi":"10.1155/tbed/4048149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/4048149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Bovine herpesvirus type-4 (BHV-4) belongs to the gamma-herpesvirus subfamily, and its association with reproductive disorders in dairy cows is controversial. In this study, 386 whole blood and reproductive swab samples from dairy cows across eight provinces in China were collected. BHV-4 antibody levels in the serum were determined via ELISA, while real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) was employed to detect the DNA of BHV-4, BHV-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus type-I (BVDV-1), and bovine viral diarrhea virus type-II (BVDV-2) in the samples. Additionally, the DNA content of BHV-4 in various tissues of cows and stillborn fetuses was assessed via qPCR. Breeding information for the participating cows was gathered through farmer interviews, and correlation analyses were conducted between the detection results and breeding information. The findings revealed a BHV-4 antibody positive rate of 57.8% and a nucleic acid positive rate of 36.3%. Chi-square analysis revealed a correlation between BHV-4 and BHV-1 infections. Among several pathogens associated with reproductive disorders, only BHV-4 was significantly correlated, whereas BHV-1, BVDV-1, and BVDV-2 were not correlated. Furthermore, the study revealed elevated BHV-4 DNA in the reproductive tracts of cows and stillborn fetuses. Histopathological sections revealed mucosal damage in the vaginal and uterine tissues of stillborn fetuses, a phenomenon not previously reported. In summary, our study provides novel insight into the correlation between BHV-4 and reproductive disorders and presents new evidence that supports the vertical transmission of BHV-4.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/4048149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Isolation and Characterization of Bat Jeilongviruses in Japan","authors":"Sho Sata,&nbsp;Isshu Kojima,&nbsp;Mana Esaki,&nbsp;Kimitake Funakoshi,&nbsp;Masahiro Kajihara,&nbsp;Shinji Hirano,&nbsp;Shin Murakami,&nbsp;Kazuo Miyazaki,&nbsp;Makoto Ozawa,&nbsp;Kosuke Okuya","doi":"10.1155/tbed/5530007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5530007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Bats represent natural reservoirs of several paramyxoviruses, raising concerns about the potential for these viruses to cause cross-species infections. In this study, we isolated two jeilongviruses belonging to the family <i>Paramyxoviridae</i> from oral swab samples of the Eastern bent-wing bat (<i>Miniopterus fuliginosus</i>) and Far Eastern myotis bat (<i>Myotis bombinus</i>) in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Notably, this is the first report isolating bat paramyxoviruses in Japan. Genomic analyses revealed a high identity between Kagoshima isolates (PMV/Bat35 and PMV/Bat111) and jeilongvirus B16-40, previously isolated from a Schreiber’s bent-wing bat (<i>Miniopterus schreibersii</i>) in South Korea in 2016. PMV/Bat35 infected and replicated in a range of cell lines derived from different animal species, although the level of syncytium formation varied among cell lines. Animal experiments revealed that Syrian hamsters inoculated intranasally with PMV/Bat35 did not exhibit clinical symptoms or significant weight loss. Nevertheless, viral genes were detected in the lungs and tracheas of Syrian hamsters on 2- and 5-day postinfection (dpi). Importantly, neutralizing antibodies against PMV/Bat35 developed in hamsters on 14 dpi. These results suggest that bat jeilongviruses can cross the species barriers. Our findings highlight the critical importance of ongoing monitoring and characterization of viruses circulating in bat populations to assess the risk of zoonotic outbreaks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/5530007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propidium Monoazide Integrated With qPCR Enables Rapid and Universal Detection of Infectious Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses","authors":"Wenhao Qi,&nbsp;Yuejia Qiu,&nbsp;Dashi Zhao,&nbsp;Ming Qiu,&nbsp;Hong Lin,&nbsp;Meng Cui,&nbsp;Shuai Yang,&nbsp;Wanglong Zheng,&nbsp;Jianzhong Zhu,&nbsp;Nanhua Chen","doi":"10.1155/tbed/6250851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/6250851","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Infectious porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes PRRS, but noninfectious PRRSV cannot. PCR and ELISA are commonly used for PRRSV detection but they cannot discriminate PRRSV infectivity. Virus isolation is a gold standard to determine virus infectivity. However, it is time-consuming. Therefore, we developed a propidium monoazide (PMA) qPCR assay for rapid and universal detection of infectious PRRSV in this study. After comparing the inactivation efficacies of distinct disinfectants, ultraviolet (UV) light, and heat, heat at 72°C for 15 min was determined as an effective strategy for PRRSV inactivation, which was confirmed by virus isolation and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) detection. In addition, PMA pretreatment parameters were optimized, including PMA concentration (5 μM), PMA binding time (25 min), PMA binding temperature (37°C), and photolysis time (25 min). The optimal concentration of primers and probes adapted from our previous study was redetermined. The optimized PMA-qPCR assay exhibited satisfied specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Furthermore, the new PMA-qPCR was applied on the detection of 270 clinical samples (including 57 environmental feces, 177 lungs, 33 lymph nodes [LN], and 3 sera) and compared with previously developed qPCR. Eighty samples were qPCR positive, while only 63 samples were PMA-qPCR positive. No virus could be isolated in the 17 qPCR-positive but PMA-qPCR-negative clinical samples; meanwhile, PRRSV could be isolated in representative PMA-qPCR-positive samples, supporting that only live PRRSV isolates in distinct samples could be detected by this PMA-qPCR assay. In conclusion, this study provides the first PMA-qPCR assay for rapid and universal detection of infectious PRRSV, offering an alternative and effective method for PRRSV diagnosis, prevention, and control.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/6250851","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space–Time Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Mali and Identification of Risk Factors","authors":"Olivier Mahuton Zannou,&nbsp;Ahmadou Nouh Sow,&nbsp;Boundiala Sissoko,&nbsp;Cheick Oumar Fomba,&nbsp;Theodore J. D. Knight-Jones,&nbsp;Michel Dione","doi":"10.1155/tbed/9903861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/9903861","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Livestock farming is an important part of Mali’s economy and a major source of income for the rural population especially women. One of the major constraints to this activity is high burden of animal disease, in particular peste des petits ruminants (PPR), which hinder the productivity of small ruminants and thus reduces the income of livestock farmers. This disease that has an effective vaccine is subjected to a worldwide eradication program. The aim of this study is therefore to develop risk maps and identify the disease’s risk factors to inform national vaccination strategy in Mali. This tool will help decisions-makers rationalize the limited resources available for disease control. A compilation of retrospective cases of PPR from 2011 to 2023 was used to generate risk maps using multivariable regression models and geographically weighted regression. Results show that the southern regions of Mali are more at risk than the northern. PRR cases occur more during rainy and hot dry seasons. Parameters such as railroads length, rainfall, and watering points were identified as risk factors for the spread of the disease. These results point out high priority areas during a risk-based vaccination campaign against PPR in Mali.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/9903861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multihost/Multivector Community Network: Disentangling Sandfly Species and Host Interactions in Avian Habitats","authors":"J. Veiga,&nbsp;F. Collantes,&nbsp;L. M. Hernández-Triana,&nbsp;S. W. J. Prosser,&nbsp;F. Valera","doi":"10.1155/tbed/9259030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/9259030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Ascertaining the feeding behavior of vectors is a key for understanding epidemiology of the infections they transmit. For some host–vector–parasite systems, this information is biased towards human and peridomestic habitats, frequently underestimating the likely role of wildlife. In addition, studies on vector interactions often focus on a one-to-one host–vector relationship, even though it is crucial to analyze how multiple vector species interact with multiple hosts. These biases particularly affect our knowledge of sandflies, the main vector of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. and various phleboviruses, that are rarely explored in non-peridomestic habitats and in the context of multiple interactions with various hosts. To reveal the multihost/multivector network involving phlebotomine sandflies in a semiarid and poorly populated area of Spain, we sampled the sandfly community close to avian nests by means of two trapping methods (Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and sticky traps) during 3 years and identified the blood-meal source of all engorged sandflies. We detected six phlebotomine species with <i>Phlebotomus perniciosus</i>, <i>P. papatasi</i>, and <i>Sergentomyia minuta</i> being the most abundant ones. We identified 13 blood source species, with humans being the most common one, followed by <i>Coracias garrulus</i> (European roller) and <i>Sus scrofa</i> (likely wild boar). Five of the six sandfly species fed largely on wild mammals, although, three also fed on wild birds. <i>Phlebotomus sergenti</i> only fed on birds based on this analysis. <i>Phlebotomus papatasi</i> and <i>P. sergenti</i> were common visitors of bird nests suggesting an endophagic behavior. A network analysis showed a highly-connected and poorly-specialized network wherein sandflies shared most of the blood source and showed an opportunistic feeding behavior with marked anthropophilia. Our results obtained close to avian nests show that sandfly populations are maintained by various wild animals, which will greatly complicate the management and control of the pathogens they transmit to humans and domestic animals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/9259030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogen Coinfections and Coexposures to Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Brucellosis, and Q Fever in Selected Wildlife From Kruger National Park, South Africa, and Etosha National Park, Namibia","authors":"Carlo Andrea Cossu,&nbsp;Sunday Ochonu Ochai,&nbsp;Milana Troskie,&nbsp;Axel Hartmann,&nbsp;Jacques Godfroid,&nbsp;Lin-Mari de Klerk,&nbsp;Wendy Turner,&nbsp;Pauline Kamath,&nbsp;Ockert Louis van Schalkwyk,&nbsp;Rudi Cassini,&nbsp;Raksha Bhoora,&nbsp;Henriette van Heerden","doi":"10.1155/tbed/2417717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/2417717","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Although the rate of emerging infectious diseases that originate in wildlife has been increasing globally in recent decades, there is currently a lack of epidemiological data from wild animals.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methodology:</b> We used serology to determine prior exposure to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), <i>Brucella</i> spp., and <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> and used genetic testing to detect blood-borne parasitic infections in the genera <i>Ehrlichia</i>, <i>Anaplasma</i>, <i>Theileria</i>, and <i>Babesia</i> from wildlife in two national parks, Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, and Etosha National Park (ENP), Namibia. Serum and whole blood samples were obtained from free-roaming plains zebra (<i>Equus quagga</i>), greater kudu (<i>Tragelaphus strepsiceros</i>), impala (<i>Aepyceros melampus</i>), and blue wildebeest (<i>Connochaetes taurinus</i>). Risk factors (host species, sex, and sampling park) for infection with each pathogen were assessed, as well as the prevalence and distribution of co-occurring infections.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> In KNP 13/29 (45%; confidence interval [CI]: 26%–64%) kudus tested positive for FMD, but none of these reacted to SAT serotypes. For brucellosis, seropositive results were obtained for 3/29 (10%; CI: 2%–27%) kudu samples. Antibodies against <i>C. burnetii</i> were detected in 6/29 (21%; CI: 8%–40%) kudus, 14/21 (67%; CI: 43%–85%) impalas, and 18/39 (46%; CI: 30%–63%) zebras. A total of 28/28 kudus tested positive for <i>Theileria</i> spp. (100%; CI: 88%–100%) and 27/28 for <i>Anaplasma/Ehrlichia</i> spp. (96%; CI: 82%–100%), whereas 12/19 impalas (63%) and 2/39 zebra (5%) tested positive for <i>Anaplasma centrale</i>. In ENP, only 1/29 (3%; CI: 0%–18%) wildebeest samples tested positive for FMD. None of the samples tested positive for brucellosis, while <i>C. burnetii</i> antibodies were detected in 26/30 wildebeests (87%; CI: 69%–96%), 16/40 kudus (40%; CI: 25%–57%), and 26/26 plains zebras (100%; CI: 87%–100%). A total of 60% <i>Anaplasma/Ehrlichia</i> spp. and 35% <i>Theileria/Babesia</i> spp. in kudu and 37% wildebeest tested positive to <i>Theileria</i> sp. (sable), 30% to <i>Babesia occultans</i>, and 3%–7% to <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. The seroprevalence of Q fever was significantly higher in ENP, while <i>Brucella</i> spp., <i>Anaplasma</i>, <i>Ehrlichia</i>, <i>Theileria</i>, and <i>Babesia</i> species were significantly higher in KNP. Significant coinfections were also identified.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> This work provided baseline serological and molecular data on 40+ pathogens in four wildlife species from two national parks in southern Africa.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/2417717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Nile Virus Monitoring in Flanders (Belgium) During 2022–2023 Reveals Endemic Usutu Virus Circulation in Birds","authors":"C. Sohier,&nbsp;F. C. Breman,&nbsp;M. Vervaeke,&nbsp;N. De Regge","doi":"10.1155/tbed/4146156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/4146156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The recent emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in some European countries has triggered an increase in animal and human cases across Europe. Wild birds, serving as key reservoirs for WNV and USUV, often act as crucial indicators for the introduction and spread of these viruses. Currently, there is no durable large-scale monitoring for WNV in Belgium, and specific monitoring for USUV is lacking. In Flanders, passive WNV monitoring in birds has been in place for many years, while initial efforts to initiate active monitoring started in 2022. Here, we present the results of a limited study conducted during the vector seasons of 2022 and 2023 in Flemish bird populations to actively and passively monitor the prevalence of WNV and additionally assess the presence of USUV. Several real-time reverse transcription-PCR tests were employed for virus detection, revealing the absence of WNV-RNA during both vector seasons. Conversely, USUV-RNA was identified in 2022 through active surveillance, affecting two (5.5%) out of 36 birds (<i>Corvus corone</i>), and in passive surveillance, impacting eight (72.7%) out of 11 birds (<i>Turdus merula</i> [6] and <i>Rhea pennata</i> [2]). In 2023, active surveillance was more extensive and identified 16 (7.2%) USUV-RNA positive birds (<i>Buteo buteo</i> [1], <i>T. merula</i> [14] and <i>Athene noctua</i> [1]) out of 222 examined birds, while passive surveillance detected two (7.1%) positive birds (<i>T. merula</i> [1], and <i>Larus marinus</i> [1]) out of 28. Viral sequence information was obtained from seven USUV-positive birds using whole genome sequencing or Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis placed all identified strains within the Africa 3 lineage. This restricted WVN monitoring effort in Flanders did not reveal WNV presence, but found indications of an endemic USUV circulation in Belgium. It is crucial to intensify monitoring efforts for WNV in the coming years, considering its endemic status in several European countries and its expanding geographical range in northern Europe.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/4146156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Active Avian Influenza Surveillance in Bangladesh From 2017–2022 Reveals Differential IAV and H5 Infection and Viral Burden Associated With Bird Species, Sex, and Age","authors":"Walter N. Harrington,&nbsp;Jasmine C. M. Turner,&nbsp;Subrata Barman,&nbsp;Mohammed M. Feeroz,&nbsp;Md. Kamrul Hasan,&nbsp;Sharmin Akhtar,&nbsp;Trushar Jeevan,&nbsp;Nabanita Mukherjee,&nbsp;Patrick Seiler,&nbsp;John Franks,&nbsp;David Walker,&nbsp;Pamela McKenzie,&nbsp;Lisa Kercher,&nbsp;Robert G. Webster,&nbsp;Richard J. Webby","doi":"10.1155/tbed/5569836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5569836","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Influenza viruses are a major global health burden with up to 650,000 associated deaths annually. Beyond seasonal illness, influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose a constant pandemic threat due to novel emergent viruses that have evolved the ability to jump from their natural avian hosts to humans. Because of this threat, active surveillance of circulating IAV strains in wild and domestic bird populations is vital to our pandemic preparedness and response strategies. Here, we report on IAV surveillance data collected from 2017 to 2022 from wild and domestic birds in Bangladesh. We note evidence to suggest that male birds show a higher risk of IAV, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) virus, positivity than female birds. The data was stratified to control for selection bias and confounding variables to test the hypothesis that male birds are at a higher risk of IAV positivity relative to female birds. The association of IAV and A(H5) largely held in each stratum, and double stratification suggested that the phenomena was largely specific to ducks. Finally, we show that chickens, male birds, and juvenile birds generally have higher viral loads compared to their counterparts. These observations warrant further validation through active surveillance across various populations. Such efforts could significantly contribute to the enhancement of pandemic prediction and risk assessment models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/5569836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A RFLP 1-4-3 L1C Variant of PRRSV-2 Isolated in Sichuan Province, China: Genetic Characterization and Pathogenicity","authors":"Li-Shuang Deng,&nbsp;Zhi-Jie Jian,&nbsp;Yuan-Meng Wang,&nbsp;Bing-Zhou Huang,&nbsp;Tong Xu,&nbsp;Feng-Qin Li,&nbsp;Si-Yuan Lai,&nbsp;Yan-Ru Ai,&nbsp;Jian-Bo Huang,&nbsp;Zhi-Wen Xu,&nbsp;Ling Zhu","doi":"10.1155/tbed/6817783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/6817783","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), known for causing reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory issues in piglets, poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Since its initial report in 2013, the L1C (lineage 1.8/NADC30-like) PRRSV has drawn significant attention in China due to its high recombination potential and diverse pathogenicity. This study focuses on a naturally occurring recombinant L1C variant, SCABTC-202302, characterized by an restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern of 1-4-3. We investigate the strain’s genetic evolution, recombination, pathogenicity, and immune and antibody responses. Phylogenetic analysis of the ORF5 (open reading frame) gene classified the SCABTC-202302 strain as lineage 8.7, while whole-genome analysis categorized it as L1C. Notably, a discontinuous deletion of 131 amino acids (AAs) was observed in the NSP2 gene, along with specific AA mutations in ORF5. Recombination analysis revealed the NADC30 strain as the primary parent, with contributions from the JXA1 strain in the ORF2-ORF7 region. The strain caused lung and lymph node damage, sustained high-level viremia, and elevated inflammatory factors in infected piglets. Our study provides valuable insights into the genetic characteristics, pathogenicity, and immunological profile of L1C strains, contributing to the development of vaccines and control measures for PRRSV.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/6817783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Wild Ungulates in the Basque Country, Northern Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Aitor Cevidanes,&nbsp;Jesús F. Barandika,&nbsp;Gorka Aduriz,&nbsp;Ana Hurtado,&nbsp;Ana L. García-Pérez,&nbsp;Marta Barral","doi":"10.1155/tbed/8553577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/8553577","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes a serious human tick-borne disease. In animals, CCHFV infections are mainly subclinical. The circulation of the virus has received little attention in areas where the main vector (<i>Hyalomma</i> spp.) is not considered to be present or established (e.g., the Northern Iberian Peninsula). The presence of antibodies against CCHFV was evaluated in sera collected from 1190 wild boars, 36 red deer, and 36 roe deer in the Basque Country (Northern Iberian Peninsula) in 2014–2019. Antibodies were found in the three wild ungulate species with an overall prevalence of 2.5%. The highest seroprevalence was found in red deer (22.2%) and in the southwest province: Araba (8.6%). The presence of antibodies against CCHFV in wild ungulates reported in this study could be due to an underestimated presence of <i>Hyalomma</i> ticks, the sporadic exposure to infected <i>Hyalomma</i> ticks transported by animals (e.g., migratory birds), or the role of other tick species in the virus’s circulation. The detection of exposed animals since 2014 suggests that the circulation of the virus beyond the southwestern regions of the Iberian Peninsula could have been more widespread than previously thought.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/8553577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}