Transboundary and Emerging Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Genomic Differences Between Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Reassortants Isolated From Wild and Farmed Fish: Implications for Viral Fitness, Temperature Adaptation and Virulence","authors":"Lucía Vázquez-Salgado,&nbsp;José G. Olveira,&nbsp;María Jurado-Rodeyro,&nbsp;Carlos P. Dopazo,&nbsp;Isabel Bandín","doi":"10.1155/tbed/8896753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/8896753","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), one of the most widespread fish pathogens, is classified into four genotypes: Barfin flounder-, Redspotted grouper-, Striped Jack- and Tiger puffer NNV (BFNNV, RGNNV, SJNNV and TPNNV, respectively), which show different thermotolerance and geographical distribution. Reassortant RGNNV/SJNNV strains are detected in Southern Europe, associated to disease outbreaks in Senegalese sole and gilthead seabream larvae or early juveniles, with water temperatures around 22–23°C. These strains contain amino acid changes in the capsid and polymerase protein when compared with the reference strains of each genotype. We have assessed the effect of temperature on the replicative fitness of four reassortants obtained from wild pilchard and mackerel and their pathogenic potential against sole and turbot. In vitro replication assays showed an improved replication of the mackerel isolate at 15°C while it was delayed at 20 and 25°C. Substitutions in the viral polymerase, particularly Arg237, and differences in the non-coding regions (NCR) might account for this adaptation to replicate at a suboptimal temperature for reassortants. In addition, in the in vivo assays at different temperatures, the mackerel isolate caused the lowest mortality and showed limited replication in sole brain tissue. However, in the experimental infection in turbot at 15°C, it displayed an exponential replication, although it did not cause mortality. The analysis of the capsid protein (Cp) of this isolate points to position 237 as a putative host specificity determinant that might favour the interaction with turbot cell receptors. In conclusion, substitutions observed in the mackerel strain suggest an adaptation to replicate at low temperature, which would enable it to spread to the cold waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. In addition, it also highlights the potential risks associated with the introduction of NNV strains from the wild into fish farms or new areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/8896753","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complexity of Diarrhea-Associated Viruses in Stunted Pigs Identified by Viral Metagenomics","authors":"Qingxian Li,&nbsp;Jianfeng Jiang,&nbsp;Junhui Li,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Yingxue Xin,&nbsp;Biao He,&nbsp;Sun He,&nbsp;Changchun Tu,&nbsp;Yidi Guo,&nbsp;Wenjie Gong","doi":"10.1155/tbed/1974716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/1974716","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Viral diarrhea poses a severe threat to the health and growth of piglets, especially when caused by co-infection with multiple diarrhea-associated viruses. In this study anal swabs were collected from pigs older than 3 months from a farm in Gansu province, China, and subjected to viral metagenomic analysis. They had been suffering from diarrhea and their growth was significantly retarded. A total of 18 viruses were identified by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in pooled samples from 22 stunted pigs and (separately) three healthy pigs. They included 15 diarrhea-associated RNA viruses with five porcine rotaviruses (PoRVs), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a torovirus, and a sapelovirus present only in the stunted pigs. Among the identified PoRVs, PoRVBs showed a much greater genetic diversity than other PoRVs with multiple variant gene sequences identified in segments VP1 (2), VP2 (3), VP3 (4), VP4 (5), VP7 (5), NSP1 (2), NSP3 (3), NSP4 (2), and NSP5 (4), with 1–3 new genotypes being defined within each segment except NSP5. Unexpectedly, PoRVF was identified for the first time in pigs, with all gene segments exhibiting low nucleotide (56.5%−79.4%) and amino acid sequence identities (46.2%−92.0%) with previously identified avian RVF reference strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that multiple variant strains of PAstV2 (6) and PAstV4 (13) were found in stunted pigs, and other enteric viruses were highly homologous with reference strains. Overall, the findings indicate that the stunted pigs may serve as a hotbed for the propagation of diarrhea-associated viruses and that they should be isolated and treated as early as possible.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/1974716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Seneca Valley Virus From Pig Transboundary Spread to the Mink Infection","authors":"Ziliang Qin,&nbsp;Xinmiao He,&nbsp;Chao Chen,&nbsp;Shaojun Chen,&nbsp;Zida Nai,&nbsp;Yao Wang,&nbsp;Wentao Wang,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Fang Wang,&nbsp;Ming Tian,&nbsp;Haijuan He,&nbsp;Heshu Chen,&nbsp;Di Liu,&nbsp;Xinpeng Jiang","doi":"10.1155/tbed/4428550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/4428550","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Seneca Valley virus (SVV) infection has recently disseminated across pig farms in Canada, America, and China. The SVV has been identified in humans, rodents, and houseflies. Although cross-species transmission events may lead to limited subsequent transmission, sustained outbreaks have been observed in new mammalian hosts. Thus, in our study, we utilized molecular characteristics, pathological examination, and the immune response to ascertain whether mink could serve as a novel mammalian host for SVV. Here, our study utilized a porcine strain of SVV to infect minks orally, resulting in pathological changes in the intestines. In addition, SVV could stimulate a specific neutralizing antibody response. The neutralizing antibody against SVV has also been found in mink through an epidemiological investigation in Heilongjiang Province. This study highlights the role of SVV infection in minks as an impetus for viral evolution, which poses potential threats to livestock, public health, and economic prosperity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/4428550","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Risk Assessment Framework to Estimate Potential for Spillback at Human–Wildlife Interfaces","authors":"Travis McDevitt-Galles,&nbsp;Tricia L. Fry,&nbsp;Katherine L. D. Richgels,&nbsp;Daniel A. Grear","doi":"10.1155/tbed/4334954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/4334954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>More than 60% of emerging infectious diseases of humans have a wildlife origin, and when these diseases spread through human populations to new geographical areas, there is a considerable risk of spillback from humans to wildlife species. Spillback events can have severe consequences for wildlife populations, where the disease may cause morbidity and mortality, and human populations, where the establishment in wildlife may lead to prolonged transmission or new exposures in humans. Mitigating these consequences requires identifying the key risk factors that lead to human–wildlife transmission events and implementing risk-reducing actions, a challenge given that cross-species transmission events are rare and often data deficient. To identify potential species and locations that are most likely to lead to these rare events, we developed a spatially explicit, rapid risk assessment framework that incorporates three components of the spillback process: wildlife susceptibility, wildlife exposure, and pathogen introduction pressure. To demonstrate the broad applicability of our framework, we conducted a rapid risk assessment on two recent emerging zoonotic pathogens in humans, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and mpox, to determine the relative spillback risk to wild mammalian species in the continental United States. The rapid risk assessment identified both species and locations with higher than expected spillback risk, providing managers and researchers with valuable information to prioritize surveillance and risk-mitigation actions. Our framework represents a rapid and flexible approach to assess the risks of spillback to wildlife populations during rapidly evolving zoonotic disease outbreaks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/4334954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Preparedness for Japanese Encephalitis Virus Through Alignment of Animal Health Laboratory Diagnosis","authors":"Karen L. Mansfield,&nbsp;Insiyah Parekh,&nbsp;Thomas Bruun Rasmussen,&nbsp;Louise Lohse,&nbsp;Ann Sofie Olesen,&nbsp;Nolwenn M. Dheilly,&nbsp;Gaëlle Gonzalez,&nbsp;Camille Victoire Migné,&nbsp;Mathilde Gondard,&nbsp;Teheipuaura Helle,&nbsp;Tobias Lilja,&nbsp;Johanna F. Lindahl,&nbsp;Wim H. M. van der Poel,&nbsp;Frank Harders,&nbsp;Gebbiena M. Bron,&nbsp;Melle Holwerda","doi":"10.1155/tbed/5516160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5516160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis (JE) can have severe health and economic impacts in both humans and susceptible animal species and are estimated to cause ~68,000 human disease cases in Asia annually. The disease is caused by infection with the mosquito-borne JE virus (JEV), which continues to expand its geographical range from its endemic region in Asia. Since appropriate vertebrate host and mosquito vector species are present in Europe and average European summer temperatures continue to increase, JEV introduction could lead to the establishment of the pathogen in native mosquito species and wild birds and disease outbreaks among humans, pigs, and horses. Incursions could occur through movements of infected pigs and mosquitoes but also via migratory birds that act as reservoirs. Introduction and establishment of JEV in these populations may not be apparent at first, providing time for virus spread before spillover to the human population. Further complicating serological detection of JEV is the extensive cross-reactivity with other orthoflaviviruses circulating in Europe (i.e., tick-borne encephalitis virus [TBEV], West Nile virus [WNV], and Usutu virus [USUV]). In addition, viremia in clinical cases may be short, hindering virus detection. To facilitate European preparedness for detection, surveillance, and monitoring of JEV introduction and spread, five veterinary national reference laboratories in Europe collaborated with the aim to align JEV diagnostic pipelines to prepare for future emergence of JEV in Europe. All institutes assessed established and newly developed serological and molecular assays to build capability with sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for JEV detection. Additionally, methods for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were established and compared. In summary, this project provides a framework for communication and international collaboration between arboviral researchers at national veterinary institutes. The sharing of knowledge and expertise, and alignment of diagnostic techniques, has facilitated improvement of diagnostic pipelines for JEV detection and contributed to preparedness for JEV introduction into Europe.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/5516160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Brucella Infection in Small Ruminants in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Gobena Ameni,&nbsp;Aboma Zewude,&nbsp;Berecha Bayissa,&nbsp;Ibrahim Abdalla Alfaki,&nbsp;Abdallah A. Albizreh,&nbsp;Naeema Alhosani,&nbsp;Meera Saeed Alkalbani,&nbsp;Mohamed Moustafa Abdelhalim,&nbsp;Assem Sobhi Abdelazim,&nbsp;Rafeek Aroul Koliyan,&nbsp;Kaltham Kayaf,&nbsp;Mervat Mari Al Nuaimat,&nbsp;Robert Barigye,&nbsp;Markos Tibbo,&nbsp;Yassir Mohammed Eltahir","doi":"10.1155/tbed/6666896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/6666896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Small ruminants are important livestock species, which function as a major source of protein, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), although infections such as <i>Brucella</i> infection can hamper their productivity. However, there is currently a paucity of epidemiological data on <i>Brucella</i> infections in small ruminants in the UAE. This study therefore aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of <i>Brucella</i> infection and evaluate the associated risk factors in 272 flocks encompassing 2730 small ruminants in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. In addition, DNA of the <i>Brucella</i> was tested in seropositive small ruminant. Multispecies competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and multispecies indirect ELISA (iELISA) were used to detect <i>Brucella</i> antibodies, while real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the DNA of genus Brucella and its major species (<i>Brucella</i> (<i>B</i>.) <i>abortus</i>, <i>B. melitensis</i>, and <i>B. ovis</i>). Flock seroprevalences of <i>Brucella</i> infection were 13.6% (95% CI: 9.8%–18.3%) and 25.5% (95% CI: 20.3%–31.0%) based on iELISA and cELISA, respectively. While animal seroprevalences were 2.31% (95% CI: 1.8–2.9) and 4.84% (95% CI: 4.1–5.7) on the basis of iELISA and cELISA, respectively. Flock seroprevalence was associated with flock size, whereas animal seroprevalence was associated with region, holding type, species, and age. The genus <i>Brucella</i> DNA was detected in the sera of 28.21% (11/39) of seropositive small ruminants. The 11 <i>Brucella</i> genus positive sera were further identified into three <i>B. ovis</i>, three mixed infections of <i>B. melitensis</i> with either <i>B. abortus</i> or <i>B. ovis</i>, two <i>B. melitensis</i>, and one <i>B. abortus</i>. While the remaining two were not positive for any of the three species. In conclusion, although animal seroprevalences were low by both ELISA tests, flock seroprevalences were relatively high. Besides, <i>B. melitensis</i> was the dominant species that was detected in the sera small ruminants posing zoonotic threat to the public. Therefore, the results of this study warrant for re-enforcement of the control and preventive measures of <i>Brucella</i> infections in small ruminants.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/6666896","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of Ferret and Cat to Porcine Deltacoronavirus: Evidence of Infection in Ferrets But Not Cats","authors":"Shuhuai Meng,&nbsp;Renqiang Liu,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Guangli Hu,&nbsp;Lei Shuai,&nbsp;Huijuan Guo,&nbsp;Yijing Dang,&nbsp;Yongchang Cao,&nbsp;Zhigao Bu,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Wen","doi":"10.1155/tbed/9997711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/9997711","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders and have a wide host range. Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteropathogenic CoV and a member of the <i>Deltacoronavirus</i> (δ-CoV) genus and was discovered in 2012. With a high fatality rate, PDCoV is primarily responsible for severe diarrhea in pigs, especially in newborn piglets, and has been reported worldwide since the first outbreak in 2014. PDCoV is confirmed as a zoonotic virus, and one of the few CoVs currently known to infect both birds and mammals, including humans. Infection studies have demonstrated the susceptibility of mice and calves to PDCoV, but little is known about its transmission in other mammals. Before it was reported in pigs, deltacoronavruses had been reported in ferret badgers and Asian leopard cats in China in 2007. This implies the possibility that wild mustelids and feline species contribute to the virus’s spread. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of ferrets and domestic cats to PDCoV. The results revealed that ferrets can be infected with PDCoV, while cats cannot. In ferrets, viral RNA was detected in the intestines, parenchymal organs, and feces. Histopathological analysis showed no visible lesions in the intestine of infected ferret and cat. Neither infected ferrets nor cats exhibited any clinical signs of diarrhea, but seroconversion occurred in ferrets 14 days post-inoculation (dpi). In brief, ferrets may play a significant role in the interspecies transmission of PDCoV. Our study expands the known host range of PDCoV and provides valuable insights into the interspecies transmission of the virus.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/9997711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Functional DPP4 Receptor Is an Indispensable Factor Mediating the Immune Performance of Mucosal Vaccines for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome","authors":"Zhenshan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaojun Hu,&nbsp;Shen Wang,&nbsp;Hongyu Sun,&nbsp;Yongkun Zhao,&nbsp;Na Feng,&nbsp;Tiecheng Wang,&nbsp;Guixue Hu,&nbsp;Jianzhong Wang,&nbsp;Xianzhu Xia,&nbsp;Feihu Yan","doi":"10.1155/tbed/2303502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/2303502","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Mucosal vaccines are powerful tools for combatting emerging infectious diseases, particularly mucosal-associated pathogens. However, one of the main bottlenecks in developing mucosal vaccines is the lack of accurate animal models. In this study, a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-vectored Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) mucosal vaccine was designed for investigations. Compared with the VSV backbone, rVSVΔG-MERS-S exhibited altered cellular tropism, as determined by MERS-S. In wild-type (WT) C57BL-6J mice and hamsters, the nasal spray of rVSVΔG-MERS-S was poorly immunogenic. In contrast, rVSVΔG-MERS-S was highly immunogenic in transgenic mice (hDPP4 mice) and hDPP4-transduced hamsters harboring the functional MERS-CoV receptor. Compared with those of WT C57BL-6J mice, the nasal spray of rVSVΔG-MERS-S resulted in effective antigen-presenting cell (APC) priming, Tfh-GcB-plasma cell (pC) proliferation, and robust humoral and cellular responses, together with the activation of antiviral signaling pathways in hDPP4 mice. Similarly, rVSVΔG-MERS-S was highly immunogenic in alpacas and rhesus monkeys, which are naturally susceptible to MERS-CoV and harbor the effective DPP4 receptor. The alignment of hDPP4 receptors in these animals revealed that L294, I295, and R336 in DPP4 are key residues contributing to differences in sensitivity across species. Consistently, a high binding affinity was observed between human, alpacas, and rhesus monkey DPP4 receptors and MERS-CoV receptor binding domains (RBDs) compared with that of mice and hamster. Overall, this proof-of-concept study not only guides the selection of appropriate animal models for the evaluation of mucosal vaccines of MERS but also provides evidence that functional receptors DPP4 in animal models are prerequisites for the immune performance of the MERS mucosal vaccine.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/2303502","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Genotype II in West Africa (2020) and Its Co-Circulation With Endemic Genotype I: Implications for Pig Production","authors":"Irene Kasindi Meki,&nbsp;Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji,&nbsp;Lalidia Bruno Ouoba,&nbsp;Yao Mathurin Koffi,&nbsp;Adama Diakité,&nbsp;Tirumala B. K. Settypalli,&nbsp;Lamouni Habibata-Zerbo,&nbsp;Kouamé Valère Kouakou,&nbsp;Mohamed Adama Diakité,&nbsp;Charles Masembe,&nbsp;Moctar Sidi,&nbsp;Thierry Ouattara Douyeri,&nbsp;Fatoumata Dembelé,&nbsp;Helen E. Luka,&nbsp;Sandaogo Hamidou-Ouandaogo,&nbsp;Christiane Dembelé,&nbsp;Rebecca Weka,&nbsp;Gregorie Bazimo,&nbsp;Martin Dakouo,&nbsp;Toyin A. Olubade,&nbsp;Mariétou Guitti-Kindo,&nbsp;Chaka Traoré,&nbsp;Olushola Gamra,&nbsp;Dominique Guigma,&nbsp;Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé,&nbsp;Dupe A. Hambolu,&nbsp;Drabo Dji-tombo Adama,&nbsp;Boubacar Madio dit Aladiogo Maïga,&nbsp;Mary A. Ogunleye,&nbsp;Ayokanmi Toluhi,&nbsp;Nanven Maurice,&nbsp;Emmanuel Couacy-Hymann,&nbsp;Pam D. Luka,&nbsp;Giovanni Cattoli,&nbsp;Charles E. Lamien","doi":"10.1155/tbed/5396227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5396227","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>African swine fever (ASF) is a highly devastating disease of domestic pigs caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). Historically, only ASFV Genotype I was known to circulate in West Africa. However, Genotype II has recently emerged in Nigeria, Ghana, and Benin for the first time. Between 2017 and 2023, suspected ASF outbreaks were reported in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria, and Mali. The source, extent, and spread of these ASF outbreaks remain unknown. Samples collected from 2017 to 2023 were analyzed using real-time qPCR and characterized using five ASFV gene segments: partial gene of the B464L (p72), full length E183L (p54), central variable region (CVR) within B602L, EP402R (CD2v), and intergenic region (IGR) between I73R and I329L genes. ASF was confirmed in 12 Nigerian states and in seven, eight, and two provinces of Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, and Mali, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of B646L (p72), E183 (p54), and CD2v genes of ASFV revealed that Genotype I, Serogroup 4, caused the initial outbreaks in these countries, followed by Genotype II, Serogroup 8. CVR profile analysis showed ASFV Genotype I with different variants, while Genotype II presented only one CVR variant. This is the first report of ASFV Genotype II in Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, and Mali. The introduction of ASFV Genotype II and its co-circulation with Genotype I in pig populations in these West African countries threatens food security and complicates control measures. Therefore, increased surveillance at international ports of entry, restrictions on live pig movements within the countries, and improved farm-level biosecurity measures are needed to control the further spread of the disease.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/5396227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic European Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus: A Super-Highway for the Spread of Emergent Viral Diseases to Other Lagomorphs?","authors":"Elena Angulo,&nbsp;Juan Bárcena,&nbsp;Brian Cooke,&nbsp;Ramón C. Soriguer","doi":"10.1155/tbed/1129135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/1129135","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>We propose that the worldwide spread of several viral diseases in European rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) is facilitated by domestic rabbit meat production and associated international trade. This view is based on published records of the transfer of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viruses (RHDV/RHDV2) between countries and supported by data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) correlating the amount of rabbit meat produced and the number of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) outbreaks reported. Although RHDV was mainly confined to European rabbits, outbreak reporting rose after RDHV2 emerged and spread into many other lagomorph species. More than 80 species of native lagomorphs are now at risk from the disease in countries reporting RHD outbreaks. Our findings have implications for the maintenance of both industrial-scale cuniculture and village-scale production to combat poverty, for the future use of viruses for the biological control of pest rabbits and the conservation of native lagomorphs. Greater awareness of the risks of virus transfer in both directions between domestic rabbits and wild lagomorphs is important for future management of domestic rabbits and the conservation of native lagomorphs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/1129135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}