Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Frequency and Prognostic Impact of Local Ablation Therapy for Oligoprogression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Daisuke Morinaga, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Ryohei Kamada, Masahiro Kashima, Kosuke Tsuji, Shotaro Ito, Megumi Furuta, Tetsuaki Shoji, Yuta Takashima, Hidenori Kitai, Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Hiroshi Taguchi, Tatsuya Kato, Yoshiki Shinomiya, Kanako C Hatanaka, Yutaka Hatanaka, Satoshi Konno","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the systemic treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), oligoprogression (OP), a condition in which most lesions remain controlled while a few progress or develop, has recently attracted attention. Traditionally, systemic therapy is continued after disease progression; however, advancements in local ablation therapy (LAT), such as radiotherapy and surgery, have demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with OP. The characteristics of patients who may benefit from LAT or their genetic background remain unclear. This study evaluated the frequency, clinicopathological characteristics, and efficacy of LAT in the treatment of OP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted of 510 patients with NSCLC who experienced disease progression after systemic therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 106/510 (23.6%) patients exhibited OP; among these, six patients who received only the best supportive care after OP were excluded. Systemic therapy alone was administered to 79 patients (79.0%), while 21 (21.0%) received LAT. Median local progression-free survival was numerically longer in the LAT group than in the systemic therapy-only group (8.3 and 6.7 months, respectively; p = 0.38). In addition, overall survival was also numerically longer in the LAT group than in the systemic therapy-only group (78.1 and 55.1 months, respectively; p = 0.57). Ribonucleic acid sequencing revealed an increase in extracellular matrix-related gene expression after OP, providing potential molecular insights.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although this study found no significant prognostic benefit of LAT in patients with OP, future research integrating clinical and molecular data may identify patients most likely to benefit from LAT.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 13","pages":"e70119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight Into the Significance of CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Kazu Shiomi, Masaaki Ichinoe, Ai Ushiwata, Ryo Nagashio, Shoko Hayashi, Dai Sonoda, Yasuto Kondo, Satoru Tamagawa, Shunsuke Mitsuhashi, Yuka Sugiyama, Masahito Naito, Masashi Mikubo, Masayuki Shirasawa, Yoshiro Nakahara, Takashi Sato, Katsuhiko Naoki, Yoshiki Murakumo, Koji Eshima","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70135","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite great expectations regarding the use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in predicting the effects of immunotherapies and prognosis, knowledge about TILs remains inadequate for clinical application. We re-evaluated the clinicopathological significance of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8 + TILs) in lung adenocarcinoma from a novel perspective and through a more objective approach using cell counting software.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among patients with surgical resection of lung adenocarcinoma in 2011-2017, 156 patients with pathological stage IB-III were immunohistochemically studied to evaluate CD8 + TILs in the tumor stroma. The impact of CD8 + TILs on relapse-free survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis showed that patients with large numbers of CD8 + TILs in the stroma are not a homogeneous population and include subpopulations with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, our study showed important findings about the overall inflammatory status in the tumor microenvironment based on the association between the number of CD8 + TILs and the frequency of vascular invasion. Additionally, CD8 + TILs were shown to potentially be more effective than PD-L1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that in lung adenocarcinoma, even among populations with abundant CD8 + TILs in the tumor stroma, there may be a poor prognostic subgroup. Furthermore, we revealed a partial yet important relationship between CD8 + TILs and the tumor microenvironment. A more detailed investigation into the significance of CD8 + TILs may lead to a deeper understanding of the inflammatory status of the tumor microenvironment and ultimately contribute to the identification of appropriate biomarkers for prognostic prediction and assessing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning Target Volume and Nodal Status Predict Clinical Outcomes After Chemoradiation and Durvalumab in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Ori Aslan, Johnathan Arnon, Itamar Averbuch, Daniel Reinhorn, Hovav Nechushtan, Yakir Rottenberg, Philip Blumenfeld","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70130","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unresectable Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a major clinical challenge due to its heterogeneous nature and poor prognosis. Despite aggressive treatment with concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) and the introduction of Durvalumab consolidation therapy, the risk of recurrence remains high, necessitating research into predictors of clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, two-center study, we reviewed cases of 141 patients with Stage III unresectable NSCLC, treated with CRT followed by Durvalumab between 2017 and 2023. We retrieved clinical and treatment characteristics and analyzed associations with clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Utilizing a binary threshold for planning target volume (PTV), patients with PTV ≥ 350 cm³ had significantly worse progression-free survival (PFS) compared to those with PTV < 350 cm³, with a median PFS of 16.2 months compared with 30.9 months, respectively, HR 1.78 (95% CI 1.14-2.68), p = 0.01. Nodal status was also associated with worse PFS, with patients having N3 disease exhibiting a median PFS of 5.1 months compared to 15.2 months for N0-N2 disease, HR 2.09 (95% CI 1.28-3.41), p = 0.003. PTV ≥ 350 cm³ and N3 involvement remained significantly associated with PFS in multivariable analysis. Both variables were associated with early and distant recurrence patterns, and PTV ≥ 350 cm³ was associated with worse survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies PTV ≥ 350 cm³ and nodal involvement as key predictors of worse clinical outcomes in patients with Stage III NSCLC treated with CRT and Durvalumab. The PTV threshold of 350 cm³ provides a practical, clinically applicable tool for risk stratification that could guide intensification of treatment and surveillance to improve outcomes in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12260756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Outcomes of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Combined With Computed Tomography-Guided Microwave Ablation for Lung Cancer Presenting as Multiple Ground-Glass Opacities: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Bin Huang, Chuanfei Zhan, Pengcheng Yu, Yifan Xu, Muhammad Zunair Bhatti, TianMing Chen, WenDa Yin, Zhifei Ma, Chi Su, Zhongqiu Wang, Dongjie Feng, Tian Shen, Xiaokang Shen, Dongqing Lu, Lin Zheng, Shilin Chen","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple ground glass opacities (mGGOs) are frequently observed in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. The most appropriate and effective treatment for these mGGOs remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the usefulness and safety of performing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) combined with computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in patients with synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC) and to demonstrate the long-term surgical outcomes at our institute.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From April 2019 to December 2021, we enrolled 47 patients who underwent VATS combined with CT-guided MWA for mGGOs. Comprehensive data regarding the enrolled subjects, including clinical features, imaging findings, histopathological characteristics, and surgical records, were meticulously extracted from the surgical database and electronic medical records. The outcomes assessed in this study included the feasibility and safety profile of the combined procedure, as well as event-free survival (EFS), local progression-free survival (LPFS), and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 47 patients with sMPLC characterized by mGGOs underwent VATS combined with CT-guided MWA. In this cohort, 173 GGOs were removed, including 69 nodules (39.9%) larger than 8 mm and 104 nodules (60.1%) measuring between 5 and 8 mm. We recorded all 58 types of VATS surgeries performed on 83 nodules. Additionally, 90 secondary nodules were treated with CT-guided MWA during either a single hospitalization or multiple hospitalizations (ranging from 1 to 4). We achieved a 100% technical success rate among the 47 patients. During the follow-up, there was no local tumor progression or recurrence among the 47 patients. Event-free survival was 100% at 3 years and 66.82% at 5 years, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 97.5%, with only one patient dying from an unrelated cause.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VATS combined with CT-guided MWA is a safe and effective method for patients with mGGOs. This combination marks the onset of an era where surgeons can utilize both a needle and a scalpel simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline and changes in inflammatory parameters for patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated with afatinib.","authors":"Zi-Ting Chang, Ping-Chih Hsu, How-Wen Ko, John Wen-Cheng Chang, Chen-Te Wu, Chen-Yang Huang, Ching-Fu Chang, Chih-Hsi Scott Kuo, Cheng-Ta Yang, Chiao-En Wu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15338","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers (lymphocyte ratio [NLR], monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio [MLR], and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR]) and the treatment outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with afatinib.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients with NSCLC treated with afatinib between June 2014 and February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Their inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes (progression-free survival [PFS] and tumor response) were explored using univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 325 patients, those with an NLR >2.18, MLR >0.19, and PLR >177.73 had significantly worse PFS than those with lower values. After adjusting for performance status, stage, and liver metastasis, the PFS was still unfavorable for a baseline NLR >2.18, MLR >0.19, or PLR > 177.73. Among 188 patients with paired inflammatory values, those whose NLR decreased by >29.5%, MLR decreased by >57.9%, and PLR increased by <18.8% had significantly better PFS. After adjusting for performance status, stage, and liver metastasis, the PFS was significantly unfavorable for an NLR decrease of <29.5% and MLR decrease of <57.9%. Among the patients with tumor response, NLR, MLR, and PLR significantly decreased after treatment (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study presented the NLR, MLR, and PLR as prognostic factors for patients with NSCLC treated with afatinib. Further investigation into these markers representing the tumor microenvironment and their association with cancer status is crucial for evaluating prognosis and clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomic Analysis and Liquid Biopsy in Preoperative CT of NSCLC: An Explorative Experience.","authors":"Maria Paola Belfiore, Mario Sansone, Giovanni Ciani, Vittorio Patanè, Carlotta Genco, Roberta Grassi, Giovanni Savarese, Marco Montella, Riccardo Monti, Salvatore Cappabianca, Alfonso Reginelli","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant global health burden, necessitating advancements in diagnostic and prognostic strategies. Liquid biopsy and radiomics offer promising avenues for enhancing preoperative assessment and treatment planning in NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 60 NSCLC patients who underwent both computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy and liquid biopsy. Radiomic features were extracted from CT images, and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was sequenced to identify genetic mutations. Machine learning algorithms were employed to assess the association between radiomic features and gene mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 57 patients with available data, associations between radiomic features and gene pairs mutation obtained from liquid biopsy exhibited moderate accuracy (approximately 0.60), with texture features demonstrating higher importance. However, when predicting the combined mutation status of gene pairs (e.g., EGFR and ROS1), the classification task involved three classes and yielded substantially lower accuracy (approximately 0.30), likely due to class imbalance and increased complexity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate a moderate association between radiomic features and single gene mutations detected through liquid biopsy in NSCLC patients, with classification accuracies reaching approximately 0.60. In contrast, classification performance significantly declined (to ~0.30) when gene mutation pairs were used as targets, likely due to increased complexity and class imbalance. Notably, second-order texture features showed the highest importance in the models. These preliminary results suggest that radiomics may capture aspects of tumor biology reflected in liquid biopsy, warranting further validation in larger, well-balanced cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of liquid biopsy and radiomics holds promise for enhancing preoperative assessment and personalized treatment strategies in NSCLC. Further research on larger cohorts is warranted to validate the findings and translate them into clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>University of Campania Trial Board UC20201112-24997.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 13","pages":"e70115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of immunotherapy remained in patients with recurrent/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after surgery with or without postoperative thoracic radiotherapy: a bi-center retrospective study.","authors":"Yuqi Wu, Renda Li, Fengwei Tan, Jianzhong Cao, Nan Bi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15384","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Since mediastinal lymph node dissection and radiotherapy (RT) have potential unclear impacts on pulmonary lymphatic system, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in recurrent/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who previously received radical surgery with or without thoracic RT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data of patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy (2000.1.1-2021.7.2) and received immunotherapy after progression were retrospectively analyzed. Efficacy was mainly evaluated based on progression-free survival (PFS) from the start of the ICIs. Toxicity was defined as treatment discontinuation due to immune-related adverse effects (irAEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-five patients were enrolled in the final cohort and 30 (31.6%) patients received thoracic RT before ICI treatment. ICIs were administered as a first-line systematic treatment in 52.6% of patients. The median follow-up time was 14.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.3-18.7 months). The median PFS was 12.3 months (95% CI 8.5-36.6 months). Six (6.3%) patients had treatment suspended due to irAEs. Patients who received RT had comparable median PFS with the non-RT group (17.0 months vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.16). Similar toxicity rates were observed. Similar mPFS were reported in the stage III subgroup (RT vs. non-RT, 8.10 vs. 8.45 months, p = 0.86) or the subgroup treated by ICIs as primary systematic therapy (RT vs. non-RT, 13.6 vs. 16.1 months, p = 0.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICIs remained effective in recurrent/metastatic NSCLC patients with radical surgery and RT did not significantly compromise therapeutic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Second-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge in Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Wensi Zhao, Nan Zhao, Dedong Cao","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has reshaped the treatment landscape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). But most patients end up with disease progression and/or therapeutic intolerance. The subsequent ICI rechallenge raises some discussions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of reintroduction of ICI in patients with advanced or metastatic ESCC after first-line ICI failure. Outcomes included median overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety. Subgroup analysis and prognostic analysis were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1320 patients were screened and 138 were enrolled: 109 received second-line ICI-based therapies, and 29 received non-ICI therapies. As of data cutoff on November 30, 2024, patients with ICI rechallenge, compared with non-ICI rechallenge, achieved an improved second-line OS (10.4 vs. 5.8 months; HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33-0.84; p = 0.006) and showed a favorable PFS trend (5.0 vs. 3.0 months; HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.48-1.17; p = 0.202). The 6-month PFS rate was 42.9% versus 22.3%, and the 12-month OS rate was 41.5% versus 23.2%, respectively. The ORR was 30.3% versus13.8% and the DCR was 79.8% versus 58.6%, respectively. ICI combined with chemoradiotherapy was the most popular option for subsequent ICI rechallenge, with an OS of 11.2 months. Treatment-related adverse events of grade ≥ 3 occurred in 47 (43.1%) and 11 (37.9%) patients in the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Second-line ICI rechallenge provided OS benefits in advanced or metastatic ESCC, with manageable safety. Further prospective study is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 13","pages":"e70131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Impact of High-Fat Diet on Malignant Pleural Effusion.","authors":"Qing-Yu Chen, Ming-Ming Shao, Shu-Feng Dong, Huan-Zhong Shi, Feng-Shuang Yi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication in the advanced stage of cancer. High-Fat Diet (HFD)-induced obesity has become a common metabolic background in cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that HFD induces gut dysbiosis, resulting in alterations in metabolites and immune responses. However, its role in MPE remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established an MPE mouse model under both normal chow and HFD conditions. Metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples and untargeted metabolomics of plasma were performed to assess alterations in gut microbiota and systemic metabolites, respectively. Bioinformatic and statistical analyses were conducted to identify significant microbial taxa and metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HFD-fed mice exhibited increased pleural effusion. Metagenome data of the intestinal microbiome and metabolome profiles of plasma metabolites revealed key taxa-Akkermansiaceae, Parabacteroides, and Muribaculaceae-as well as significant metabolic pathways involved in sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that HFD may accelerate the MPE progression through modulation of gut microbiota and plasma metabolites, providing new strategies for prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of the First Subcutaneous ICI, Envafolimab, in the Treatment of Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Real-World Study.","authors":"Zixuan Dou, Li Wang, Meng Rui, Yulong Yang, Yunzhi Zhou, JieLi Zhang, Qiuhong Zhao, Mengzhao Wang, Hanping Wang, Xiaotong Zhang, Xiaoxia Cui, Xiaoyan Si, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Envafolimab is a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) with several advantages due to its subcutaneous administration. Phases I and II randomized controlled trials have demonstrated promising efficacy in treating colorectal and gastric cancer. However, the safety and efficacy of Envafolimab in patients with advanced lung cancer remain to be investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, multicenter, open-label, single-arm cohort study examined real-world medical data from patients treated at four medical centers to assess the safety and efficacy of Envafolimab in treating patients with advanced lung cancer. The primary safety outcome was Envafolimab-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The primary efficacy outcomes included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Then, the relationship between clinical parameters and prognosis was investigated using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Furthermore, the impact of tumor EGFR driver mutation status and PD-L1 expression on prognosis was explicitly explored in patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised 58 patients with a median follow-up time of 8.3 months (from March 1, 2022, to March 7, 2024). Envafolimab-related TEAEs and irAEs were observed in 53.4% and 27.6% of patients, respectively. No specific clinical factors were identified as being associated with irAEs. The median OS was 8.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.2-10.8), and the median PFS was 6.1 months (95% CI 3.8-8.3). For 47 patients with NSCLC, factors including ECOG PS > 2 (HR: 2.91, p = 0.015), Stage IV tumor (HR: 3.43, p = 0.043), and nonfirst-line Envafolimab treatment (HR: 3.27, p = 0.026) were associated with poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Envafolimab demonstrates a tolerable safety profile and favorable efficacy. With its subcutaneous formulation, Envafolimab shows promising potential for treating advanced lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 12","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}