Efficacy and Safety of Second-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge in Advanced or Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has reshaped the treatment landscape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). But most patients end up with disease progression and/or therapeutic intolerance. The subsequent ICI rechallenge raises some discussions.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of reintroduction of ICI in patients with advanced or metastatic ESCC after first-line ICI failure. Outcomes included median overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety. Subgroup analysis and prognostic analysis were also performed.
Results: A total of 1320 patients were screened and 138 were enrolled: 109 received second-line ICI-based therapies, and 29 received non-ICI therapies. As of data cutoff on November 30, 2024, patients with ICI rechallenge, compared with non-ICI rechallenge, achieved an improved second-line OS (10.4 vs. 5.8 months; HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33-0.84; p = 0.006) and showed a favorable PFS trend (5.0 vs. 3.0 months; HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.48-1.17; p = 0.202). The 6-month PFS rate was 42.9% versus 22.3%, and the 12-month OS rate was 41.5% versus 23.2%, respectively. The ORR was 30.3% versus13.8% and the DCR was 79.8% versus 58.6%, respectively. ICI combined with chemoradiotherapy was the most popular option for subsequent ICI rechallenge, with an OS of 11.2 months. Treatment-related adverse events of grade ≥ 3 occurred in 47 (43.1%) and 11 (37.9%) patients in the two groups.
Conclusion: Second-line ICI rechallenge provided OS benefits in advanced or metastatic ESCC, with manageable safety. Further prospective study is warranted.
期刊介绍：
Thoracic Cancer aims to facilitate international collaboration and exchange of comprehensive and cutting-edge information on basic, translational, and applied clinical research in lung cancer, esophageal cancer, mediastinal cancer, breast cancer and other thoracic malignancies. Prevention, treatment and research relevant to Asia-Pacific is a focus area, but submissions from all regions are welcomed. The editors encourage contributions relevant to prevention, general thoracic surgery, medical oncology, radiology, radiation medicine, pathology, basic cancer research, as well as epidemiological and translational studies in thoracic cancer. Thoracic Cancer is the official publication of the Chinese Society of Lung Cancer, International Chinese Society of Thoracic Surgery and is endorsed by the Korean Association for the Study of Lung Cancer and the Hong Kong Cancer Therapy Society.
The Journal publishes a range of article types including: Editorials, Invited Reviews, Mini Reviews, Original Articles, Clinical Guidelines, Technological Notes, Imaging in thoracic cancer, Meeting Reports, Case Reports, Letters to the Editor, Commentaries, and Brief Reports.
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