Translational Vision Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Binocular Eye Alignment Monitor (BEAM): Home Monitoring Proof-of-Concept Device to Quantify Binocular Alignment for Intermittent Exotropia.","authors":"Christopher J Morris, Erin Jenewein, Mitchell Scheiman, Tara L Alvarez","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.17","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intermittent exotropia (IXT) control is challenging to assess clinically because of the variability inherent to this condition. The Binocular Eye Alignment Monitor (BEAM) is a proof-of-concept device that extends eye alignment monitoring for use at home. This study seeks to determine whether the BEAM is feasible for continuously monitoring eye position to identify differences between participants with normal binocular vision and those with IXT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An eye tracking system integrated with a custom controller was engineered to measure the magnitude and duration of exodeviation for up to four hours. Twelve participants (six diagnosed with IXT and six with normal binocular vision) completed two separate recordings alongside a clinical sensory motor examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BEAM successfully recorded eye alignment for 90 minutes and demonstrated that IXT participants exhibited significantly greater ocular misalignment than participants with normal binocular vision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The BEAM is feasible for assessing the magnitude and frequency of temporal exodeviation in the IXT population over prolonged periods while watching a movie from a distance of 6 m, with the participant seated.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>At-home monitoring to evaluate ocular exodeviation for intermittent exotropic patients is feasible with the BEAM. The BEAM's measurements have the potential to provide objective diagnostic criteria and baseline and outcome assessments for studying the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in the IXT population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Challenges in Developing Treatments for Inherited Retinal Diseases: Recommendations From the Third Monaciano Symposium.","authors":"Debra A Thompson, K Thiran Jayasundera, Oleg Alekseev, Robin R Ali, Alessia Amato, Vadim Y Arshavsky, Isabelle S Audo, Alberto Auricchio, James W B Bainbridge, Eyal Banin, Cagri G Besirli, David G Birch, Kari E Branham, Artur V Cideciyan, Stephen P Daiger, Jacque L Duncan, Abigail T Fahim, John G Flannery, Roberto Gattegna, John R Heckenlively, Elise Héon, Alessandro Iannaccone, Naheed W Khan, Samer Khateb, Henry J Klassen, Bart P Leroy, Dario Marangoni, Michel Michaelides, David C Musch, Mark E Pennesi, Simon M Petersen-Jones, Eric A Pierce, Rajesh C Rao, José-Alain Sahel, Paul A Sieving, Enrica Strettoi, Cameron R Strong, Thomas J Wubben, Paul Yang, David N Zacks","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.37","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, efforts focused on developing genetic therapies for inherited retinal diseases have advanced steadily to clinical trials and the development of a treatment, fueling optimism for the potential of precision medicines to provide safe and effective therapies for these rare conditions. Although several ongoing programs remain poised for success, numerous challenges have negatively impacted the ability to obtain regulatory approvals. The present position paper briefly summarizes recent advances and challenges in developing therapeutics for inherited retinal diseases, and presents a set of recommendations for moving the field forward. The priorities identified are discussed in terms of progress made and future needs, focusing on areas including patient support, disease mechanisms, outcome measures, and therapy approvals. A key point is the potential value of restructuring collaborative interactions into broadly resourced enterprises that are comprehensive in scope across critical areas of science, business, and medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eyecatcher 3.0 - Validating the Use of \"Smart Glasses\" as a Low-Cost, Portable Method of Assessing Visual Fields.","authors":"Mehal Rathore, Peter F Reddingius, Peter Campbell, David P Crabb, Pete R Jones","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.7","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Glaucoma requires regular visual field (VF) assessments. Eyecatcher 3.0 uses novel \"smart glasses\" hardware to provide a lightweight, low-cost solution, designed for use while unsupervised. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of using Eyecatcher for VF home-monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eyecatcher 3.0 consists of a smartphone, smart glasses, and wireless clicker. Functionally, it attempts to mimic the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA; - same task-instructions, stimuli, and outputs, but smaller field of view and luminance range). Five patients with glaucoma used Eyecatcher to test themselves at home for 3 months (both eyes, monocular, once-per-fortnight). Results from a reduced 24-2 grid were compared to HFA data collected in the clinic, and to normative Eyecatcher data collected from 76 normally sighted young adults. A subset of normally sighted participants (n = 16) also underwent two additional sessions of follow-up testing to assess repeatability. Usability was assessed via questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All Eyecatcher tests were completed successfully (100%). There was reasonable agreement with the HFA in terms of mean deviation (MD; r = 0.85, P < 0.001) and observed pattern of loss. The HFA exhibited somewhat better repeatability than Eyecatcher (MD Coefficient of Repeatability = 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1-4.1 decibels [dB] for HFA, vs. 3.9, 95% CI = 2.8-6.1 dB for Eyecatcher), although this difference was not statistically significant. Average Eyecatcher test duration was 6.5 minutes (both eyes). Patients generally rated the Eyecatcher as easy-to-use, although specific concerns were raised by some individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smart glasses may provide a feasible means of VFs home-monitoring. Eyecatcher yielded similar sensitivity values to the HFA, and most participants found the lightweight smart glasses acceptable to use. Further research is needed to establish diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Validation of a new method of glaucoma home monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12327542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Inflammatory Plasma Proteins in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Xinyi Chen, Alythia Vo, Wendy Yang, Joshua Wu, Daphne Yang, Matthew Huh, Ricardo Lamy, Jeremy D Keenan, Jay M Stewart","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.22","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare inflammatory protein levels in the plasma of men and women with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 74 NPDR patients (38 men, 36 women), 82 diabetic patients without retinopathy, and 20 patients without diabetes. Patients with intravitreal injections in the past four weeks, ocular comorbidities, active infection, or systemic vasculitis were excluded. We performed linear regression with plasma concentration of each protein as dependent variable and sex as predictor, adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, smoking status, hemoglobin A1c, insulin use, and diabetes duration. We plotted the concentration of inflammatory proteins against diabetes duration for men and women separately to assess for differences over time. We conducted similar analyses for the control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma concentrations of nine inflammatory proteins involved in DR progression were higher in NPDR men than in women. For most of these proteins, the plasma concentration was similar between men and women with fewer years of diabetes and exhibited higher levels in NPDR men with longer durations of diabetes. In those with ≥15 years of diabetes, sex differences in these inflammatory proteins were less apparent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified a variety of inflammatory proteins higher in the plasma of male NPDR patients than in female patients. We also found the differences to be more prominent in those who had five to 10 years of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Differences in plasma inflammatory proteins could underlie the clinically observed sex differences in DR, and earlier years of diabetes might be a potential window for closer follow-up and therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Safety Evaluation of Acoustic Radiation Force for Optical Coherence Elastography of the Crystalline Lens.","authors":"Leana Rohman, Juan-Carlos Navia, Christian Zevallos-Delgado, Heather Durkee, Justin Schumacher, Karna Nagalla, Natalie Zaleski, Marco Ruggeri, Manmohan Singh, Salavat R Aglyamov, Jean-Marie Parel, Giuliano Scarcelli, Kirill V Larin, Fabrice Manns","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.8.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the safety of acoustic radiation force (ARF) for in vivo lens biomechanics measurement in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve New Zealand albino white rabbits were exposed to acoustic radiation force at intensities exceeding the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended safety limits by 8 to 14 times. A spherically focused 3.5-MHz ARF transducer created deformations on the lens surface, which was imaged using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system during the ARF application. Intraocular pressure measurements and ocular health assessments using slit-lamp and OCT imaging were conducted pre- and postexposure over 3 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyperemia was observed in two rabbits immediately postexposure but resolved within 24 hours. No substantial changes in intraocular pressure were detected, and both slit-lamp examination and optical coherence tomography imaging showed normal ocular health across all groups after the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ARF is a potentially safe technique for assessing the biomechanical properties of the lens in vivo. No eye damage was observed, even when ARF was applied at intensities well above FDA regulatory limits.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study is an important step toward the translation of the technology for ARF elastography of the crystalline lens, for studies on the mechanism of presbyopia, and to enable the assessment of new presbyopia treatments relying on lens softening.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Region-Specific Transcriptomic Signatures and the Role of Epithelial Cells in Pterygium Inflammation: A Multi-Omics Analysis.","authors":"Chaerim Song, Seokho Myung, Hanseul Cho, Tae Gi Kim, Soohyun Chun, Minju Seo, Hyunmin Yu, Seoyeon Kim, Ye-Ah Kim, Junghyun Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Sungsoo Bae, Yoonsung Lee, Min Seok Kang, Man S Kim","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.13","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to understand the differences in cellular and molecular patterns between the Main and Accessory (Acc) regions of pterygium tissue, with a focus on inflammation and mitochondrial energy metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from six pterygium patients and single-cell RNA-seq data from two pterygium patients. Subsequently, we investigated pathway enrichment, pathway correlation, differential gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and cell-cell communication in pterygium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed distinct expression patterns in the Acc group compared to the Main and control groups. This finding suggested the need to separate the Main and Acc regions within pterygium samples and use single-cell data to understand differences between the Main and control groups that bulk data could not capture. The single-cell data identified a cluster of epithelial cells containing only pterygium samples, which contributed significantly to the ANGPTL, IL1, and KLK signaling networks. Cells involved in inflammatory pathways associated with the integrated stress response and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, both of which exhibited high correlations with energy metabolism-associated pathways, were significantly upregulated. Additionally, expression changes in multiple proinflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-associated genes were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The distinctions between the Main and Acc groups suggest the necessity of distinguishing anatomical regions in future pterygium studies. Additionally, the pivotal role of epithelial cells from the Main group in the inflammation of pterygium indicates a potential clinical approach for managing the disease.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study aims to identify apex-specific biomarkers of pterygium for a more efficient diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoreceptor Layer Thinning as Biomarker for Circulatory Premature Mortality: UK Biobank Cohort Study.","authors":"Mayinuer Yusufu, Mengtian Kang, Alimu Dayimu, Danli Shi, Lisa Zhuoting Zhu, Ruiye Chen, Algis J Vingrys, Xianwen Shang, Mingguang He, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.10","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore associations between optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters and mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from the UK Biobank participants with eligible OCT data. Feature selection was conducted with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Selected parameters were fitted into Cox regression, with the full model adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and genetic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up duration of 10.6 years, 3174 were deceased. After matching the deceased and surviving participants (1:3) by age and gender, 12,696 were included. Ten out of 18 parameters showed significant associations with all-cause mortality. Each standard deviation increase in optic disc diameter parameters (hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 1.042 to 1.052), thinning of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (HR = 0.958, 0.920-0.998), thinning of the photoreceptor layer and its sublayers (HRs = 0.937-0.960) were significant biomarkers of all-cause mortality. Cause-specific analyses by mortality age revealed that thinner photoreceptor layer and sublayers were significantly associated with circulatory premature mortality (HRs = 0.856-0.915).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enlarging disc diameter, thinning of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, and thinning of photoreceptor layers are associated with all-cause mortality, with photoreceptor thinning especially linked to premature circulatory mortality.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>These findings suggest that specific OCT parameters could serve as noninvasive biomarkers for mortality risk assessment, potentially enhancing early identification of individuals at higher risk of premature death, particularly from circulatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12338373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Uric Acid and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Nationally Representative Study in the United States.","authors":"Han Chen, Nuo Xu, Huiying Rao","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.6","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) in the United States population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included data from the 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighted logistic regression models (crude, partially adjusted, and fully adjusted) were used to assess linear associations between SUA levels and iAMD. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis tested nonlinear associations. Subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity further explored potential effect modifiers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3208 participants aged ≥50 years, 420 (11.2%) had iAMD and 766 (22.3%) exhibited hyperuricemia (HUA). Logistic regression models showed no significant associations between SUA levels and the odds of developing iAMD across all three models. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest to the lowest SUA quintile was 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53-1.70, P = 0.84). The trend test indicated no significant increase in the odds of iAMD across quintiles of SUA levels (P for trend = 0.60). Similarly, no significant association was found when SUA values were categorized as HUA or non-HUA (P = 0.66). RCS analysis did not demonstrate a nonlinear relationship between SUA levels and iAMD risk. Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences across age, sex, and race/ethnicity stratifications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated SUA levels were not associated with increased iAMD risk in this large, nationally representative sample.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Our study provides insights into the relationship between SUA levels and iAMD, challenging \"hyperuricemic AMD\" and offering valuable implications for clinical risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12327534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Hypo-Reflective Structural En Face Imaging Improves Polypoidal Lesion Detection on Spectral-Domain OCT Angiography.","authors":"Jianqing Li, Nana Xu, Huixun Jia, Xiaoling Wan, Fenghua Wang, Minwen Zhou, Mengxi Shen, Qiyu Bo, Xiaodong Sun","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.12","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify novel features on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD-OCTA) that improve detection of polypoidal lesions in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 22 eyes from 20 patients with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) confirmed PCV underwent same-day imaging with both SD-OCTA and swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA). Images were independently reviewed, and blinded to ICGA and each other. Morphological features of polypoidal lesions were compared to establish combined diagnostic criteria to improve SD-OCTA detection, including hyper- or hypo-flow signals on angiographic en face images, circular hypo-reflective signals on structural en face images, and corresponding flow signals within retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) on B-scans. Hyporeflective signals on structural en face images were defined as well-circumscribed and low-reflectivity areas. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICGA identified 52 polypoidal lesions. SS-OCTA showed superior detection (98%) compared to SD-OCTA (69%) after manual segmentation correction. Hyporeflective signals on SD-OCTA structural en face images were observed in 73% of lesions, higher than SS-OCTA (52%). Applying combined criteria to SD-OCTA enabled detection of 8 additional lesions, raising the detection rate to 85% and diagnostic accuracy to 95%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This combined approach significantly improves SD-OCTA diagnostic performance and is recommended in clinical practice, especially when standard retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane (BM) segmentations were used.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Identifying hyporeflective signals on structural en face SD-OCTA improves polypoidal lesion detection, enhancing the clinical utility of SD-OCTA in diagnosing PCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12338367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Biomarkers for Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Combining Transcriptomics and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Wei Chen, Zijing Li, Xiaoyan Zhou, Chunli Li, Yuting Lin","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.42","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.8.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Oxidative stress has long been recognized as a significant influence in the pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Therefore there is a need to explore the relationship between oxidative stress-related biomarkers and AMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on Gene Expression Omnibus database-Gene Expression Omnibus Series (GSE)29801 and GSE135092 datasets, three machine learning methods were used to screen biomarkers. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the percentage of immune cells in control and AMD samples. The causal relationship between biomarkers and AMD was explored in a series of Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Ultimately, the expression levels of biomarkers were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in the simulated AMD cell model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DE-OSRGs) were screened. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that DE-OSRGs participated in cellular senescence, cell cycle regulation, and PPAR signaling pathways. Machine learning methods were used to screen for five biomarkers (GFAP, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase [SCD], BCKDHB, GPX8, and MSRB2). The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of five biomarkers were significantly different between the simulated AMD cell model and control groups. Spearman correlation analysis showed that GPX8 had the highest positive correlation with M2 macrophages (correlation coefficient [cor] = 0.36, P < 0.01), and SCD had a strong negative correlation with eosinophils (cor = -0.28, P < 0.05). MR results revealed that BCKDHB played a crucial role as a risk factor for AMD (odds ratio > 1, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study screened the biomarkers related to oxidative stress in AMD, providing a certain theoretical basis for the prevention and clinical diagnosis of AMD.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Identifying biomarkers with diagnostic value for AMD could provide new understanding of its pathogenesis, and open up potential targets for clinical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 8","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}