Translational Vision Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Detecting and Quantifying Glaucomatous Visual Function Loss With Continuous Visual Stimulus Tracking: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Anne C L Vrijling, Minke J de Boer, Remco J Renken, Jan-Bernard C Marsman, Joost Heutink, Frans W Cornelissen, Nomdo M Jansonius","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.3","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Continuous visual stimulus tracking could be used as an easy alternative to standard automated perimetry (SAP) for visual function screening. With continuous visual stimulus tracking, we simplified the perimetric task to following a moving dot on a screen with the eyes. Here, we determined whether tracking performance (the agreement between gaze and stimulus position) enables the detection and quantification of glaucomatous visual function loss (in terms of SAP), and whether it shows a learning effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the tracking performance of 36 cases with early, moderate, or severe glaucoma (median with interquartile range [IQR] age = 70 [67-74] years) and 36 controls (median = 70, IQR = 67-72 years). All participants monocularly tracked a moving stimulus (Goldmann size III) at 3 Weber contrast levels: 40, 160, and 640%, while their eye movements were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glaucoma decreased the tracking performance, with the most severe reduction in the severe glaucoma cases. A distinction between groups was possible, but depended on the contrast level: tracking performance of early glaucoma cases was significantly different from controls only at 40% contrast. Within the cases, glaucomatous visual function loss (SAP Mean Sensitivity [MS]) was best correlated with tracking performance when using 160% contrast. There was no significant learning effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the data indicate that it is possible to detect and quantify glaucomatous visual function loss with continuous visual stimulus tracking.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Continuous visual stimulus tracking is an easy, fast, and intuitive technique that has the potential for diagnostic applications in detection of new glaucoma cases and monitoring of previously diagnosed cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-Function Relationships in Geographic Atrophy Based on Mesopic Microperimetry, Fundus Autofluorescence, and Optical Coherence Tomography.","authors":"Souvick Mukherjee, Thilaka Arunachalam, Cameron Duic, Maria Abraham, Christine Orndahl, Supriya Menezes, Elvira Agrón, Maximilian Pfau, Tharindu de Silva, Clare Bailey, Alisa T Thavikulwat, Sunil Bellur, SriniVas R Sadda, Emily Y Chew, Brett G Jeffrey, Wai T Wong, Tiarnan D L Keenan","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.7","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine relationships between retinal structure and visual function in geographic atrophy (GA) by analyzing spatial agreement between absolute scotomas and macular structure, focusing on (1) choroidal hypertransmission, a key feature of complete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA), and (2) fundus autofluorescence (FAF)-defined GA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mesopic microperimetry (using a novel T-shaped pattern) and multimodal imaging were recorded longitudinally in a phase II GA trial. Horizontal and vertical optical coherence tomography (OCT) line scans (corresponding to the T axes) were graded for choroidal hypertransmission; FAF images were graded for GA. Spatial concordance between zones of absolute scotoma and atrophy was quantified by the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis population comprised 24 participants (mean follow-up 26.8 months). For concordance between absolute scotoma and choroidal hypertransmission, estimated mean DSC was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-0.77). This was significantly higher than for FAF-defined GA (0.67; 95% CI, 0.61-0.74; estimated mean difference = 0.03, 95% CI, 0.02-0.05, P < 0.001). Mean OCT choroidal reflectivity was strongly associated with likelihood and severity of scotoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spatial concordance between absolute scotomas and GA structural features is moderately high and slightly higher for choroidal hypertransmission than FAF-defined GA. This supports choroidal hypertransmission, a key cRORA feature, as an outcome measure in interventional trials. OCT provides more information to explain visual function than FAF alone. However, given some discordance for both structural features, performing microperimetry alongside imaging remains important.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>These findings provide insights into the complex relationship between retinal structure and visual function and contribute to a nuanced understanding of outcome measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Combination Use of Aqueous Humor Secretion Inhibitor Eye Drops on Aflibercept Level: A Preliminary Analysis.","authors":"Satoru Inoda, Hidenori Takahashi, Ryota Takahashi, Yuto Hashimoto, Hana Yoshida, Hironori Takahashi, Yujiro Fujino, Kenichi Aizawa, Hidetoshi Kawashima, Yasuo Yanagi","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.21","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the association between aqueous humor (AH) suppressant eye drops and the concentration of aflibercept at 1 month after intravitreal injection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 17 eyes of 17 patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who used eye drops for their glaucoma and received their first intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) at two centers between July 2013 and November 2020. As controls, we enrolled 40 age-, sex-, and axial length-matched eyes of 40 patients with nAMD who were not using any medication that would affect AH circulation. AH was collected 1 month after the first IVA. Aflibercept levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were compared between controls and cases using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test. The drugs were categorized into two groups based on their mechanism of action on the AH: outflow drugs (e.g., prostaglandin analog) and inflow drugs (e.g., carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, beta-blockers, and alpha-2 agonists).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (interquartile range) aflibercept levels in the AH in controls and in cases who used outflow and inflow drugs were 6.83 µg/mL (1.94-10.34), 9.93 µg/mL (2.58-17.44), and 15.95 µg/mL (7.20-22.57), respectively. A Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference among the control, inflow, and outflow drugs (P = 0.0075). Dunn's test showed that aflibercept levels in the aqueous humor were significantly higher in cases using inflow drugs compared to both controls and cases using outflow drugs (P = 0.0085 and P = 0.044, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aflibercept levels in the AH 1 month after the first IVA were higher in cases using eye drops that reduce AH secretion than in controls.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Our results, together with previous studies in animals, suggest that combined use of these eye drops might extend the half-life of intravitreally injected drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Approaches to Predict Geographic Atrophy Progression Using Three-Dimensional OCT Imaging.","authors":"Kenta Yoshida, Neha Anegondi, Adam Pely, Miao Zhang, Frederic Debraine, Karthik Ramesh, Verena Steffen, Simon S Gao, Catherine Cukras, Christina Rabe, Daniela Ferrara, Richard F Spaide, SriniVas R Sadda, Frank G Holz, Qi Yang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.11","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the performance of various approaches of processing three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for deep learning models in predicting area and future growth rate of geographic atrophy (GA) lesions caused by age-related macular degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used OCT volumes of GA patients/eyes from the lampalizumab clinical trials (NCT02247479, NCT02247531, NCT02479386); 1219 and 442 study eyes for model development and holdout performance evaluation, respectively. Four approaches were evaluated: (1) en-face intensity maps; (2) SLIVER-net; (3) a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN); and (4) en-face layer thickness and between-layer intensity maps from a segmentation model. The processed OCT images and maps served as input for CNN models to predict baseline GA lesion area size and annualized growth rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the holdout dataset, the Pearson correlation coefficient squared (r2) in the GA growth rate prediction was comparable for all the evaluated approaches (0.33∼0.35). In baseline lesion size prediction, prediction performance was comparable (0.9∼0.91) except for the SLIVER-net (0.83). Prediction performance with only the thickness map of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer individually was inferior to using both. Addition of other layer thickness or intensity maps did not improve the prediction performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All explored approaches had comparable performance, which might have reached a plateau to predict GA growth rate. EZ and RPE layers appear to contain the majority of information related to the prediction.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Our study provides important insights on the utility of 3D OCT images for GA disease progression predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Single-Center Sham and Active-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial of the Magnetic Levator Prosthesis for Severe Blepharoptosis.","authors":"Kevin E Houston, Shrinivas Pundlik, Prerana Shivshanker, Alex R Bowers, Sarah LaRosa, Mara Robinson, James Chodosh, Lynn Brandes, Patrick Lee, Eleftherios I Paschalis","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the magnetic levator prosthesis (MLP) relative to active control with KT Tape, an elastic therapeutic tape used clinically to mechanically open the lids, and to a sham MLP worn in-office only.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a double-masked, randomized crossover single-center trial of patients with severe unilateral or bilateral paralytic blepharoptosis defined as occlusion of the visual axis without frontalis recruitment. Patients were allocated to MLP or tape first and then crossed over after 2 weeks of use and a 2-week washout. Primary outcome was maximum eyelid closure on spontaneous blink measured in video frames with ImageJ. Primary patient-reported outcome was the Glasgow Benefit Inventory and, secondarily, comparison of the amount of eye opening and proportions of complete volitional blinks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 16 patients randomized, 15 completed the crossover. MLP and tape equally improved eye opening over sham (MLP, 6.8 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.2-8.4]; tape, 7.0 mm [5.4-8.6]; sham, 3.9 mm [2.3-5.5], all P < 0.001). Spontaneous blinks were significantly better with MLP (2.4 mm [95% CI, 1.5-3.7] compared to tape, 4.1 mm [2.6-6.5], P < 0.001). Incomplete volitional blinks were much more common when wearing tape compared to when wearing the MLP (P < 0.001), which was not different from sham. There was a significant perceived benefit of both MLP and tape (P < 0.001). There were three related nonserious adverse events over 3539 hours of tape use and two related nonserious adverse events over 4632 hours of MLP use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MLP was superior to KT tape and sham for the treatment of severe blepharoptosis.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>First randomized controlled clinical trial of the MLP. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04678115?cond=Blepharoptosis&term=kinesiotape&rank=1, NCT04678115).</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Human Corneal Mechanical Wave Dispersion for In Vivo Optical Coherence Elastography.","authors":"Chaitanya Duvvuri, Manmohan Singh, Gongpu Lan, Salavat R Aglyamov, Kirill V Larin, Michael D Twa","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.26","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize frequency-dependent wave speed dispersion in the human cornea using microliter air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE), and to evaluate the applicability of Lamb wave theory for determining corneal elastic modulus using high-frequency symmetric (S0) and anti-symmetric (A0) guided waves in cornea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wave speed dispersion analysis for transient (0.5 ms) microliter air-pulse stimulation was performed in four rabbit eyes ex vivo and compared to air-coupled ultrasound excitation. The effects of stimulation angle and sample geometry on the dispersion were evaluated in corneal phantoms. Corneal wave speed dispersion was measured in 36 healthy human eyes in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Air-pulse-induced dispersion was comparable to ultrasound-induced dispersion between 0.7 and 5 kHz (mean-difference ± 1.96 × SD: 0.006 ± 0.5 m/s) in ex vivo rabbit corneas. Stimulation 0° relative to the surface normal generated A0 Lamb waves in corneal tissue phantoms, while oblique stimulation (35° and 65°) generated S0 waves. Stimulating normal to the human corneal apex in vivo (0°) induced A0 waves, plateauing at 10.87 to 13.63 m/s at 4 kHz, and when obliquely stimulated at the periphery (65°), produced S0 waves, plateauing at 13.10 to 15.98 m/s at 4 kHz.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Air-pulse OCE can be used to measure human corneal Lamb wave dispersion of A0 and S0 propagation modes in vivo. These modes are selectively excited by changing the stimulation angle. Accounting for wave speed dispersion enables reliable estimation of corneal elastic modulus in vivo.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This work demonstrates the feasibility of air-pulse stimulation for robust OCE measurements of corneal stiffness in vivo for disease detection and therapy evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of an Ex Vivo Human Corneal Endothelium Wound Model.","authors":"Meng-Chen Tsai, Alvena Kureshi, Julie T Daniels","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.24","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A human model able to simulate the manifestation of corneal endothelium decompensation could be advantageous for wound healing and future cell therapy assessment. The study aimed to establish an ex vivo human cornea endothelium wound model where endothelium function can be evaluated by measuring corneal thickness changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The human cornea was maintained in an artificial anterior chamber, with a continuous culture medium infusion system designed to sustain corneal endothelium and epithelium simultaneously. The corneal thickness was used to assess corneal endothelial cell function. Immunostaining was used to evaluate cell viability and endothelial cell marker expression, ZO-1 and Na/K ATPase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Human corneas with intact corneal endothelium were maintained in the ex vivo model for 28 days, showing normal corneal thickness with a clear and transparent appearance. Corneal endothelial cells were alive and expressed ZO-1 and Na/K ATPase at the end of the organ culture. The endothelium wounded corneas showed persistent corneal edema with an increase in corneal thickness at 654.6 ± 31.7 µm. Staining results showed that no cells migrated to cover the wound and no expression of ZO-1 and Na/K ATPase on the posterior surface of the cornea was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provided a novel method to establish an ex vivo human cornea organ culture model, where corneal endothelium function can be evaluated by accessing the corneal thickness.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The ex vivo model established in this study can provide an alternative to the animal model in studying corneal endothelium decompensation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Axial Length and Retinal Oxygen Dynamics in Adults With Myopia.","authors":"Guocheng Xiao, Mei Ge, Guoqing Qiao, Shuyu Liu, Na Li, Feng Liu, Yanye Lu, Qiushi Ren, Liqiang Wang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.18","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between axial length (AL) and retinal oxygen dynamic parameters in adult patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational cross-sectional study with 79 Chinese adults with myopia aged 18 to 37 years. All participants underwent AL measurements, cycloplegic refraction, and other ophthalmic examinations. Additionally, the retinal oxygen kinetics imaging and analysis (ROKIA) system was utilized to obtain the retinal oxygen dynamic parameters of all patients. Simple and multiple linear regression tests were used to assess the correlation between various oxygen dynamic parameters and AL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age, AL, and spherical equivalent (SE) of subjects were 26.32 ± 5.4 years, 25.78 ± 1.06 mm, and -5.13 ± 2.1 diopters (D), respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients among AL and retinal oxygen delivery (DO2) and retinal oxygen metabolism (MO2) were -0.44 (95% confidence interval = -0.24 to -0.60, P < 0.001), -0.26 (95% confidence interval = -0.04 to -0.46, P = 0.02), respectively. The group with high myopia exhibited lower DO2 and higher oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) compared with the group with moderate myopia, and no significant difference was observed in MO2 between the two groups. In multivariate analyses adjusting for age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP), and anterior chamber depth (ACD), a longer AL was significantly associated with decreased DO2 (standardized regression coefficient B = -0.47, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Retinal oxygen dynamic parameters, including DO2 and MO2, were decreased with longer AL in myopic eyes. Patients with high myopia demonstrated an elevated OEF than those with moderate myopia.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study demonstrated that the retinal oxygen metabolism changes in myopia, as confirmed using a novel device that quantifies retinal oxygen dynamic parameters and provides a new monitoring approach for other hypoxic retinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11753475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How People With Vision Impairment Use Their Gaze to Hit a Ball.","authors":"Ward Nieboer, Carin M Svensen, Kjell van Paridon, Debbie Van Biesen, David L Mann","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Understanding the impact of vision impairment on dynamic tasks requiring visual processing is crucial for developing effective adaptive strategies that support individuals with vision impairment in optimizing their performance in natural tasks. This study aimed to establish the gaze patterns used by individuals with vision impairment when hitting a moving target.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen tennis players with vision impairment were recruited and their eye and head movements were tracked while they returned tennis serves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants used a variety of different strategies to track the ball visually, dictated largely by the nature of their impairment rather than its severity. Cluster analysis showed distinct strategies based on the type of vision impairment: those with peripheral vision loss foveated the ball closely and avoided predictive eye movements; those with poor oculomotor control initially tracked the ball but lagged as it approached; and those with central vision loss used a variety of strategies that did not align with the use of a single preferred retinal locus: some tracked the ball using a single preferred location in their peripheral vision, some switched the area of retina used to track the ball, and another did not move their gaze at all.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tennis players with vision impairment adopt a variety of impairment-specific adaptations to their gaze-tracking strategies, enabling them to successfully hit an approaching tennis ball despite severe vision impairments.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study provides insight into the impairment-specific gaze strategies that well-adapted individuals with vision impairment adopt when hitting a moving target.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Directions for Ophthalmic OCT - Handhelds, Surgery, and Robotics.","authors":"Julia Foust, Morgan McCloud, Amit Narawane, Robert M Trout, Xi Chen, Al-Hafeez Dhalla, Jianwei D Li, Christian Viehland, Mark Draelos, Lejla Vajzovic, Ryan P McNabb, Anthony N Kuo, Cynthia A Toth","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.14","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the 1990s revolutionized diagnostic ophthalmic imaging. Initially, OCT's role was primarily in the adult ambulatory ophthalmic clinics. Subsequent advances in handheld form factors, integration into surgical microscopes, and robotic assistance have expanded OCT's utility and impact outside of its initial environment in the adult outpatient ophthalmic clinic. In this review, we cover the use of OCT in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment with a handheld OCT, recent developments in intraoperative OCT for data visualization and measurements, and recent work and demonstration of robotically aligned OCT systems outside of eye clinics. Of note, advances in these areas are a legacy of our colleague, the late Joseph Izatt. OCT has been an important innovation for ocular diagnostics, and these advances have helped it continue to extend in new directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}