Translational Vision Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Circulating Proteins to Plasma Metabolites in the European Population.","authors":"Chengming Chen, Yanyan Lan, Weiming Yan, Xiaohong Zhang, Tian Li, Jing Han","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the causal associations among circulating proteins, plasma metabolites, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and colocalization analysis to discern the causal relationship between proteomes and AMD. This investigation utilized data from protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) studies in deCODE and the UK Biobank. Additionally, plasma metabolite-related genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data and AMD-related GWAS data were incorporated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings confirmed a potential causal relationship between cytoplasmic tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (WARS1) and a higher risk of AMD. The observed causal impact of WARS1 on the two subtypes of AMD (dry and wet) align consistently with the aforementioned outcomes. Three plasma metabolites-N-acetyl-kynurenine, N-acetyltyrosine, and caproate (6:0)-were identified as mediators of the causal effect of WARS1 on AMD, and subgroup analysis revealed that N-acetyltyrosine is a specific negative metabolite associated with WARS1 and dry AMD, whereas X-16580 is a specific positive metabolite linked to WARS1 and wet AMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outcomes of this study suggest a potential causal role of specific circulating proteins in AMD and identified the mediating role of plasma metabolites between WARS1 and AMD by integrating multiple genetic analyses. Nevertheless, further research is essential to validate and strengthen these conclusions.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study establishes the causal role of specific circulating proteins in AMD and identified the mediating role of plasma metabolites between WARS1 and AMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficiency of Fluid Infusion Systems for Pars Plana Vitrectomy.","authors":"Tommaso Rossi, Giorgio Querzoli, Giov Battista Angelini, Veronica Santoro, Camilla Pellizzaro, David H Steel, Mariacristina Parravano, Mario R Romano","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the efficiency of infusion sets including distal tubing, infusion, and trocar cannulas (23G, 25G, 27G) of leading brands (Alcon, Bausch & Lomb, BVI, DORC, Optikon) in minimizing the intraocular pressure drop on aspiration. The study reports the pressure drop along infusion as a function of the flow rate and correlates performance to design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured the pressure drop of the distal silicone tubing, infusion cannula and trocar cannula, connected to a model eye and the corresponding flow rate. The piezometric height of the balanced salt solution (BSS) reservoir open to atmospheric pressure ranged from 10 to 120 cm above outlet. All infusion set components were measured in length and inner lumen diameter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pressure drop as a function of flow rate varied significantly: BVI and DORC proved more efficient at all gauges. Pressure drop at 10 mL/min flowrate varied between 9-16 mm Hg for 23G, 11-25 mm Hg for 25G, and 16-50 mm Hg for 27G. The tubing friction and kinetic energy loss, respectively responsible for the linear and quadratic component of the head-loss to flow rate parabolic function, also differed significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pressure drop secondary to flow rate varied by a factor of two among manufacturers. Excessive pressure drop during aspiration may lead to dangerous hypotony or force the surgeon to set anomalously high pressures at rest to avoid it. The present study gives useful insights to help improve infusion system performance.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>A thorough understanding of head loss mechanisms along infusion sets allows the design of more efficient and safer infusion sets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area Under the Curve Analysis in a Real-World Cohort of Finnish Patients Treated for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Terhi Ollila, Ashwini Joshi, Sangita Kulathinal, Ilkka Immonen","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.23","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the area under the curve (AUC) measures from visual acuity (VA) trajectories in describing outcomes for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AUC analysis on 93 patients with nAMD was performed using VA trajectories up to 12 months for the purpose of illustration. The broken stick model was first used to interpolate VA trajectories at prespecified times from uneven timepoints over the 4 year period. The AUC measures used were: general VA (AUCG; the area above 20 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ETDRS] letters), change from baseline (AUCI), and adjusted AUC (Adj AUC) to adjust the change from baseline with respect to the ceiling (85 letters) and the ground (20 letters). We studied how AUC ranking of outcomes differed from VA change from baseline and how AUC-derived parameters correlated with known prognostic factors, such as baseline VA, and optical coherence tomography findings at baseline and during treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median AUCIs in ascending quartiles of baseline VA were 88, 116, 38, and 10, respectively. The corresponding Adj AUCs were 0.12, 0.28, 0.13 and 0.29 (scale -1 to +1), suggesting a compensation for the ceiling effect. Median AUCIs in patients with baseline intraretinal, intraretinal + subretinal, or subretinal fluid were 40, 50, or 59, respectively. The corresponding Adj AUCIs were 0.14, 0.19, and 0.23, both showing the expected response to baseline fluid status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using the measures described here, modifiers of VA change and different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment protocols can be compared from only one to three of the AUC values even in materials with uneven evaluation points.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>AUC-based analysis provides new tools to evaluate the effectiveness of nAMD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between the Gut Microbiota and Its Related Metabolic Pathways and Uveitis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Maomei Luo, Zhen Xing, Yanhao Gou, Xianlin Yang, Xinran Zhang, Wei Yu, Hongbin Lv","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Some experimental reports have proposed an interaction between gut microbiota (GM) and uveitis. However, the exact association between GM and its metabolic pathways and uveitis remains unknown. This study was conducted to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between GM and its metabolic pathways and uveitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary data of the GM and its metabolic pathways and uveitis were leveraged from the Dutch Microbiome Project and the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) Catalog, respectively. We then conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore whether the GM and its metabolic pathways have a corresponding causal relationship with uveitis. To confirm the credibility of the findings, we utilized MR Egger, the MR-PRESSO global test, and the Cochran Q test to detect pleiotropy and heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the inverse variance weighting method, the species Bacteroides faecis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.598, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.390–0.919, P = 0.019) and the superpathway of sulfate assimilation and cysteine biosynthesis (OR = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.038–0.843, P = 0.029) had beneficial effects on uveitis. In contrast, the genus Sutterellaceae (OR = 3.493, 95% CI = 1.121–10.879, P = 0.030); the species Parabacteroides distasonis (OR = 5.932, 95% CI = 1.321–26.635, P = 0.020), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (OR = 4.838, 95% CI = 1.067–21.936, P = 0.040), and Bacteroides caccae (OR = 3.818, 95% CI = 1.010–14.437, P = 0.048); and the L1,2–propanediol degradation (OR = 2.084, 95% CI = 1.098–3.954, P = 0.024), galactose degradation I (Leloir pathway; OR = 3.815, 95% CI = 1.108–13.135, P = 0.033), TCA cycle VI (obligate autotrophs; OR = 2.955, 95% CI = 1.015–8.606, P = 0.046) and UMP biosynthesis (OR = 4.979, 95% CI = 1.000–24.782, P = 0.049) pathways had adverse effects on uveitis. No pleiotropy or heterogeneity was found. Leave-one-out analysis showed the reliability of the above findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis revealed a causality between certain GM species and metabolic pathways and uveitis via genetic prediction, which may provide new perspectives into the etiology and therapies of uveitis.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study provides evidence that modulating the intestinal flora and its metabolic pathways is effective in treating uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grading of Foveal Hypoplasia Using Deep Learning on Retinal Fundus Images.","authors":"Tsung-Ying Tsai, Ying-Feng Chang, Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang, Kuan-Jen Chen, Nan-Kai Wang, Laura Liu, Yih-Shiou Hwang, Chi-Chun Lai, Sin-You Chen, Jenhui Chen, Chao-Sung Lai, Wei-Chi Wu","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.18","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning model for grading foveal hypoplasia using retinal fundus images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with foveal developmental disorders, using color fundus images and optical coherence tomography scans taken between January 1, 2001, and August 31, 2021. In total, 605 retinal fundus images were obtained from 303 patients (male, 55.1%; female, 44.9%). After augmentation, the training, validation, and testing data sets comprised 1229, 527, and 179 images, respectively. A deep learning model was developed for binary classification (normal vs. abnormal foveal development) and six-grade classification of foveal hypoplasia. The outcome was compared with those by senior and junior clinicians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher grade of foveal hypoplasia showed worse visual outcomes (P < 0.001). The binary classification achieved a best testing accuracy of 84.36% using the EfficientNet_b1 model, with 84.51% sensitivity and 84.26% specificity. The six-grade classification achieved a best testing accuracy of 78.21% with the model. The model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.9441 and an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.9654 (both P < 0.0001) in the validation set and an AUROC of 0.8777 and an AUPRC of 0.8327 (both P < 0.0001) in the testing set. Compared to junior and senior clinicians, the EfficientNet_b1 model exhibited a superior performance in both binary and six-grade classification (both P < 0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The deep learning model in this study proved more efficient and accurate than assessments by junior and senior clinicians for identifying foveal developmental diseases in retinal fundus images. With the aid of the model, we were able to accurately assess patients with foveal developmental disorders.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study strengthened the importance for a pediatric deep learning system to support clinical evaluation, particularly in cases reliant on retinal fundus images.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Natural History of Treatment-Naïve Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Daniel R Muth, Laurence Quérat, Abinaya P Venkataraman, Alberto Dominguez-Vicent, Goran Petrovski, Pete A Williams, Filippo Locri, Sandrine A Zweifel, Anders Kvanta","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the long-term fundus autofluorescence-based growth rate (GR) of treatment-naïve patients with geographic atrophy (GA) in age-related macular degeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, single-center, observational study between February 2013 and September 2024 at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm/Solna, Sweden. Clinical examination and fundus autofluorescence were performed in patients with GA owing to dry age-related macular degeneration. The area and the absolute and square root transformed GR were analyzed every 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examined 432 eyes and enrolled 204 eyes (111patients). The median follow-up was 21 months (minimum-maximum, 5-123). Of 73 fovea-sparing, 22 eyes converted to foveal-involving over a median of 24 months. The mean growth for the total cohort was 1.597 mm2/y and 0.264 mm/y after square root transformation. Bilateral (1.621 mm2/y; 0.267 mm/y), multifocal (1.961 mm2/y; 0.322 mm/y), and fovea-sparing (1.987 mm2/y; 0.234 mm/y) lesions showed significantly faster growth when analyzed in isolation. In a mixed statistical model that controlled for bilaterality, only fovea status remained a significant influencer on the square root transformed GR (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this long-term GA cohort, an influence of lesion characteristics on GRs can be observed. Fovea sparing, multifocality, and bilaterality showed faster growth, depending on the statistical model. Patients presenting with one or more of these lesion characteristics hold a high potential for benefit of future treatments because a growth slow down may be more likely to be achieved. In fovea-sparing cases, functional preservation may be possible.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>By analyzing the data of one of the most extensive geographic atrophy patient cohorts in the Nordics, this study establishes a dataset on the long-term treatment-naïve growth dynamics. It provides a reference for upcoming preclinical treatment developments and clinical trial end points.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous Humor Antioxidants in Glaucoma: Correlations With Subtypes, Intraocular Pressure, and Medication Use-A Prospective Study.","authors":"Yu-Ting Tsao, Hung-Chi Chen, Yi-Jen Hsueh, Yu-Chun Cheng, Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang, Chu-Yen Huang, Yung-Sung Lee","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the correlations between aqueous humor total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glaucoma subtypes, intraocular pressure (IOP), and glaucoma medications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective case-control study that included 303 patients who underwent cataract surgery between April 2019 and September 2024. The participants were categorized into primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), neovascular glaucoma (NVG), uveitic glaucoma (UG), and control groups. Aqueous humor samples were collected at the onset of surgery, and TAC and ascorbic acid (AA) levels were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in TAC levels were observed among glaucoma subtypes, with UG showing the highest levels, followed by POAG, PACG, and NVG (P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression further revealed that TAC levels were significantly associated with maximal IOP history (β = -0.013; 95% confidence intervals [CI], -0.023 to -0.002; P = 0.017) and IOP fluctuations (β = -0.016; 95% CI, -0.027 to -0.004; P = 0.007). However, no correlation was found between TAC levels and glaucoma medications; therefore, TAC may play a role in glaucoma pathophysiology and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glaucoma subtype and IOP dynamics significantly influenced the TAC levels of aqueous humor. Future research could target antioxidant therapies for patients with low TAC, particularly those with PACG, NVG, or a history of elevated or fluctuating IOP.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study highlights the significant variation in TAC among glaucoma subtypes and its association with fluctuating IOP and thus contributes to a deeper understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis and provides information for future therapeutic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple and Rapid Method for Simultaneous Isolation of Mouse Retina and RPE Wholemounts.","authors":"Jialiang Yang, Haiping Wu, Qi Li, Jiaxin Guo, Jialin Yao, Shengliu Pan, Xiawei Wu, Haotian Huang, Runfang Chen, Junnian Chen, Yubin Wang, Yue Peng, Fuhua Wu, Jing Hu","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.14","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) wholemounts are important models for studying the pathophysiology of retinal-related ophthalmic diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Currently, there is no method available for simultaneously obtaining retina and RPE wholemounts. The aim of this study is to develop a simple, rapid, and effective technique for the simultaneous isolation of mouse retina and RPE wholemounts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a novel, streamlined procedure for the efficient isolation of intact retina and RPE wholemounts from mouse eyes. The method involves minimal dissection and uses basic laboratory equipment, allowing the entire process to be completed in approximately 2 to 5 minutes per sample. The study also explores the impact of different fixation times on the structural integrity and quality of both retina and RPE wholemounts (3 hours in 4% paraformaldehyde [PFA], 30 minutes < 1 × phosphate-buffered saline [PBS] < 3 hours).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The new method consistently yields high-quality, intact retina and RPE wholemounts, with excellent structural integrity suitable for downstream imaging and molecular analyses. The technique significantly reduces preparation time. Optimal fixation conditions were identified, with 3 hours of fixation in 4% PFA and PBS incubation times between 30 minutes and 3 hours yielding the best results. The approach showed higher tissue integrity (80% vs. 45%) and improved staining quality of photoreceptor and ganglion cells. Additionally, the method is highly reproducible and effective for wholemount preparations from both young and older mice (6 and 12 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents a significant advancement in the preparation of retina and RPE wholemounts. The simplicity, speed, and preservation of tissue integrity of the new method make it a valuable tool for ophthalmic disease research. Its potential applications include drug screening, gene therapy, and disease modeling, offering significant advantages in time efficiency, reproducibility, and the quality of morphological analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Artificial Intelligence for an Efficient Prediction of Outcomes of Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) in Advanced Keratoconus.","authors":"Gairik Kundu, Sharon D'Souza, Durgalaxmi Modak, Srihari Balaraj, Rohit Shetty, Rudy M M A Nuijts, Raghav Narasimhan, Abhijit Sinha Roy","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify and analyze clinical risk factors and imaging parameters influencing the outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for advanced keratoconus (KC) using an artificial intelligence (AI) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 250 DALK eyes with a 5-year follow-up for advanced KC. The DALK eyes were classified as having \"favorable\" or \"unfavorable\" outcomes based on graft clarity, scarring at the graft-host interface involving the visual axis which was not pre-existing, early suture loosening less than 3 months after the surgery, corneal vascularization reaching up to or into the graft-host junction at any follow up period, persistent corneal edema greater than 3 months after surgery, and change in visual acuity. Clinical risk factors were determined through a detailed clinical evaluation and questionnaire assessment and included the presence of systemic allergy, ocular allergy, or eye rubbing. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and vitamin D and B12 levels were obtained from blood investigations. A total of 37 tomographic parameters were exported from an OCULUS Pentacam HR. An AI model was then built to assess these risk factors and imaging parameters. The area under the curve (AUC) and other metrics were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AI model classified 92.2% and 89.4% cases as favorable or unfavorable, respectively, based on clinical risk factors and imaging parameters. Systemic allergy, IgE, eye rubbing, and vitamin D had the highest information gains followed by posterior corneal data from the Pentacam HR. The AI model achieved an AUC of 0.957 with sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 85.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate the importance of preoperative risk stratification, which can affect surgical outcomes of DALK using AI.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Better identification and control of these factors would enable better management and outcomes of DALK for advanced KC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polydioxanone Membrane for Guided Conjunctival Tissue Reconstruction: An Experimental Model in Rabbits.","authors":"Daniel Diniz da Gama, Gabriela Martines, Moacyr Rigueiro, Matheus Cruz, Paulo Schor","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.5.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.5.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the clinical and histopathological performance of polydioxanone (PDO) membranes in conjunctival reconstruction compared with amniotic membrane (AM), assessing epithelialization, inflammation, and tissue integration in a rabbit model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits underwent conjunctival resection, with each eye receiving either a PDO or AM graft. Animals were euthanized at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Clinical and histopathological evaluation included epithelialization, inflammation, fibrosis, granulation tissue, and graft retention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both membranes supported conjunctival healing, with no statistically significant differences in epithelialization, inflammation, fibrosis, presence of granulation tissue, or graft remnants. PDO provided structured handling, whereas AM was more delicate but surgically challenging. Histopathology revealed similar inflammatory and regenerative responses, confirming PDO biocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PDO membrane is a viable synthetic alternative to AM for conjunctival reconstruction. Despite minor differences in handling and degradation, PDO exhibited comparable efficacy. Further human studies are needed to validate its application.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>These findings support the potential use of PDO membranes in ocular surface reconstruction, particularly in settings where AM availability is limited. The use of PDO could expand treatment options for conjunctival defects and enhance surgical outcomes in ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 5","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}