Translational Vision Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Validation of the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey Instrument With Rasch Analysis.","authors":"Debbie Marie Ng, Xiu Wang, Chang Liu, MingYi Yu, Isabelle Xin Yu Lee, Jipson Hon Fai Wong, Regina Kay Ting Wong, Diana Xin Hui Chan, Yu-Chi Liu, Louis Hak Tien Tong","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.20","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS) has been used to quantify chronic ocular pain and quality of life (QOL). We aim to investigate the psychometric properties of individual OPAS items with the Rasch analysis in an Asian population of dry eye disease and neuropathic corneal pain (NCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Question responses were obtained from 196 patients; 138 with dry eye disease (DED) and 58 with NCP, at the Singapore National Eye Centre. Item hierarchy, item fit statistics, item separation, reliability indices, and Yen's Q3 values were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individual dimensions that quantify eye pain levels in the past 24 hours and QOL showed good discriminative ability according to their person separation index values. However, individual dimensions that measured eye pain in the past 2 weeks, non-eye pain, as well as aggravating and associated factors showed suboptimal person separation index values. Significant correlations were found between the individual item pairs of the aggravating factors dimension as well as between some of the items in the QOL and associated factors dimensions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Two dimensions of the OPAS questionnaire were validated with the Rasch analysis. Based on these findings, we shorten the number of questions in some dimensions to improve the performance of the tool in similar Asian populations.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Our study provides insights to improve the existing OPAS for real-world clinical applications and clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11838117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEDTEG (Minimum Entropy Dynamic Test Grids): A Novel Algorithm for Adding New Test Locations to a Perimetric Test Grid.","authors":"Pete R Jones","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a novel algorithm (MEDTEG) for dynamically adding new test locations to a perimetric grid-to provide a more personalized/comprehensive visual field (VF) assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDTEG operates by finding the most informative new test location. First, Voronoi tessellation is used to construct a list of candidate locations (i.e., points that lie in between the current test locations, even when the current grid is sparse or irregular). Next, each candidate's probability mass function is computed using natural neighbor interpolation. Finally, the most informative candidate is determined by computing the expected reduction in entropy (after trial t + 1) and then multiplying this value by the area of its Voronoi cell, to estimate the overall volume of expected information gain. Optional weighting coefficients can be applied to encourage/restrict testing to particular spatial locations (e.g., to avoid the midline, target the macula, or prioritize regions exhibiting structural damage).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a combination of mathematics, graphics, and MATLAB code, we describe the algorithm and simulate possible use cases. These include ways of providing more detailed evaluations of small scotomas (\"enhanced perimetry\"), more efficiently assessing patients with extensive loss (\"personalized perimetry\"), or maximizing VF information in patients with limited attention spans (\"indeterminate duration perimetry\").</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Simulations of perimetric data indicate that MEDTEG provides a logical and flexible way of automatically adding test locations to an existing perimetric test grid, or of constructing entirely novel grids based on a handful of seed locations.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>MEDTEG may facilitate more informative VF assessments or allow testing in challenging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Artificial-Intelligence-Based Jiang Formula for Intraocular Lens Power in Congenital Ectopia Lentis.","authors":"Yan Liu, Xinyue Wang, Linghao Song, Yang Sun, Zexu Chen, Wannan Jia, Xin Shen, Yalei Wang, Xinyao Chen, Qiuyi Huo, Pranav Prakash Edavi, Tianhui Chen, Yongxiang Jiang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.5","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based intraocular lens (IOLs) power calculation formula for improving the accuracy of IOLs power calculations in patients with congenital ectopia lentis (CEL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 651 eyes with CEL that underwent IOLs implantation surgery were included in this study. An AI-based ensemble formula-the Jiang Formula, was developed using a training dataset of 520 eyes and evaluated on a testing dataset of 131 eyes. A five-fold cross-validation and a two-layer ensemble learning model were constructed. The formula was then tested in a test set and compared against five current classic formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included young patients (mean age = 14.38 ± 13.35 years). The Jiang Formula showed the lowest prediction error (PE; = 0.08 ± 1.01 diopters [D]), absolute error (AE; = 0.77 ± 0.65 D), median absolute error (MedAE; = 0.66 D), and root mean square error (RMSE; = 1.02 D) among six formulas (P < 0.001). Moreover, 68.00% of the eyes in the test set had AE within 1.0 D in the Jiang Formula.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI-integrated two-layer ensemble learning model demonstrates promising applications in IOLs power calculations for patients with CEL, not only providing higher predictive accuracy than current classic formulas but also accommodating extreme values and variations in surgical techniques.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The Jiang Formula, an AI-integrated two-layer ensemble learning model, enhances IOLs power calculation accuracy in patients with CEL, ultimately improving surgical outcomes and supporting more effective, personalized treatment in this unique patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RetOCTNet: Deep Learning-Based Segmentation of OCT Images Following Retinal Ganglion Cell Injury.","authors":"Gabriela Sanchez-Rodriguez, Linjiang Lou, Machelle T Pardue, Andrew J Feola","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.4","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We present RetOCTNet, a deep learning tool to segment the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and total retinal thickness automatically from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in rats following retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We created unilateral RGC injury by ocular hypertension (OHT) or optic nerve crush (ONC), and contralateral eyes were not injured. We manually segmented the RNFL and total retina of 3.0-mm radial OCT scans (1000 A-scans per B-scan, 20 frames per B-scan) as ground truth (n = 192 scans). We used these segmentations for training (80%), testing (10%), and validation (10%) to optimize the F1 score. To determine the generalizability of RetOCTNet, we tested it on volumetric scans of a separate cohort at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-ONC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RetOCTNet's segmentations achieved high F1 scores relative to the ground-truth segmentations created by human annotators: 0.88 (RNFL) and 0.98 (retinal thickness) for control eyes, 0.84 and 0.98 for OHT eyes, and 0.78 and 0.96 for ONC eyes, respectively. On volumetric scans 12 weeks post-ONC, RetOCTNet calculated thinning of 29.49% and 10.82% in the RNFL and retina at the optic nerve head (ONH) and thinning of 38.34% and 9.85% in the RNFL and retina superior to the ONH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RetOCTNet can segment the RNFL and total retinal thickness of both radial and volume OCT scans. RetOCTNet can be applied to longitudinally monitor RNFL in rodent models of RGC injury.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This tool automates RNFL and retinal thickness measurement for rat OCT scans following RGC injury, reducing analysis time and increasing the consistency between studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of Circulating Inflammatory Proteins and Iridocyclitis: An Exploratory Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Huan Liu, Fuzhen Li, Feiyan Wang, Ziqing Hu, Liping Du, Jing Wei","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.6","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between genetically determined elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iridocyclitis, including its subtypes: acute and subacute iridocyclitis (ASIR) and chronic iridocyclitis (CIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for inflammatory cytokines (cases, n = 14,824), iridocyclitis (IR; cases, n = 7306 and controls, n = 357,814), and its subtypes (ASIR: cases, n = 6166 and controls, n = 357,814; and CIR: cases, n = 1401 and controls, n = 357,814). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis method. Supplementary analytic methods included MR Egger, Weighted median, Weighted mode, and Simple mode methods. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity were evaluated using the Cochran's Q test, MR Egger intercept test, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier test (MR-PRESSO), Bayesian colocalization analysis, and Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted high levels of eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and Neurotrophin-3 were associated with an increased risk of IR. On the contrary, a high level of interleukin (IL)-2 was associated with a decreased risk of IR. Meanwhile, the IR subgroup analysis demonstrated that high levels of eotaxin and TRAIL were also associated with an increased risk of ASIR. High levels of cystatin D, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), and caspase 8 were associated with an increased risk of CIR. CCL20 and CDCP1 were associated with a decreased risk of CIR. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests demonstrated that our findings were stable and reliable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the occurrence of IR and its subtypes. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of inflammatory cytokines in IR and its subtypes.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The present study highlighted the role of inflammatory cytokines in the development of IR.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Detection of Retinal Detachment Using Deep Learning-Based Segmentation on Ocular Ultrasonography Images.","authors":"Onur Caki, Umit Yasar Guleser, Dilek Ozkan, Mehmet Harmanli, Selahattin Cansiz, Cem Kesim, Rustu Emre Akcan, Ivan Merdzo, Murat Hasanreisoglu, Cigdem Gunduz-Demir","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.26","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to develop an automated pipeline to detect retinal detachment from B-scan ocular ultrasonography (USG) images by using deep learning-based segmentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A computational pipeline consisting of an encoder-decoder segmentation network and a machine learning classifier was developed, trained, and validated using 279 B-scan ocular USG images from 204 patients, including 66 retinal detachment (RD) images, 36 posterior vitreous detachment images, and 177 healthy control images. Performance metrics, including the precision, recall, and F-scores, were calculated for both segmentation and RD detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall pipeline achieved 96.3% F-score for RD detection, outperforming end-to-end deep learning classification models (ResNet-50 and MobileNetV3) with 94.3% and 95.0% F-scores. This improvement was also validated on an independent test set, where the proposed pipeline led to 96.5% F-score, but the classification models yielded only 62.1% and 84.9% F-scores, respectively. Besides, the segmentation model of this pipeline led to high performances across multiple ocular structures, with 84.7%, 78.3%, and 88.2% F-scores for retina/choroid, sclera, and optic nerve sheath segmentation, respectively. The segmentation model outperforms the standard UNet, particularly in challenging RD cases, where it effectively segmented detached retina regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed automated segmentation and classification method improves RD detection in B-scan ocular USG images compared to end-to-end classification models, offering potential clinical benefits in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>We have developed a novel deep/machine learning based pipeline that has the potential to significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and accessibility for ocular USG.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular Oxygen Saturation in Glaucoma Using Retinal Oximetry of Visible Light Optical Coherence Tomography: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Jingyu Wang, Natalie Sadlak, Marissa G Fiorello, Manishi Desai, Ji Yi","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.12","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A cross-sectional pilot study to compare macular oxygen saturation (sO2) and associated clinical measurements between normal and glaucoma subjects and to evaluate whether macular sO2 can be a diagnostic metric for early-stage glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight eyes of 35 subjects from three groups were included: normal subjects (16 eyes, 10 subjects), suspect/pre-perimetric glaucoma (GS/PPG) subjects (17 eyes, 12 subjects), and perimetric glaucoma (PG) subjects (15 eyes, 13 subjects). We performed retinal oximetry of visible light optical coherence tomography (VIS-OCT) in macular vessels, with 512 × 256 sampling points over a 5 × 5 mm2 area. Zeiss Cirrus OCT scans and a 24-2 visual field test (VFT) were conducted. Statistical analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed among the three groups for all VIS-OCT, Zeiss OCT, and VFT variables. As glaucoma severity increased, macular AsO2 (arterial sO2) and A-V sO2 (arteriovenous sO2 difference) decreased, whereas macular VsO2 (venous sO2) increased. Macular AsO2 and A-V sO2 were found to be statistically correlated with ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL) and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer in all eyes, as well as in PG eyes. Within the PG group, a dominant correlation between AsO2 and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer was observed in the more damaged lower hemifield.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glaucoma subjects showed altered macular sO2, indicating reduced oxygen consumption. The sO2 measured by VIS-OCT could be a potential metric for early glaucoma diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study shows macular sO2 measurements via VIS-OCT could bridge advanced imaging technology and clinical glaucoma detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Serum and Aqueous Humor Neurofilament Light Chain as Markers of Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma.","authors":"Jonathan B Lin, Hani El Helwe, Henisk Falah, Bruno L Hammerschlag, Stephanie A Schultz, George Baldwin, Yixi Xue, Ryan A Vasan, Christian Song, Kristine Lo, Austin Meeker, Silas L Wang, Pia Kivisäkk, David Solá-Del Valle, Milica A Margeta","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum and aqueous humor (AH) neurofilament light chain (NfL) and to determine whether serum NfL is elevated in patients undergoing ocular surgery who have glaucoma compared with those who do not.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center, case-control study, we enrolled patients with various types and stages of glaucoma undergoing planned ophthalmic surgery as part of their routine care and compared them with patients without glaucoma undergoing phacoemulsification for age-related cataract. We recruited 110 patients with glaucoma and 113 patients without glaucoma and collected AH and blood from these participants. Levels of AH and serum NfL were quantified using the Single-Molecule Array (Simoa) NF-light assay (Quanterix). Clinical information was obtained by reviewing the medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a model controlling for age and body mass index (BMI), AH NfL was significantly elevated in patients with glaucoma compared with controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, after controlling for age, BMI, and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores, serum NfL was not elevated in patients with glaucoma compared with controls (P = 0.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although our findings validate AH NfL as a marker of glaucomatous neurodegeneration, no such evidence was found for serum NfL.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>NfL levels in AH may be a molecular marker of retinal ganglion cell health in glaucoma; in contrast, serum NfL has limited utility for monitoring glaucomatous neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Blood Flow Speed in Retinal Microaneurysms Secondary to Diabetic Retinopathy Using Variable Interscan Time Analysis OCTA.","authors":"Hiroyuki Takahashi, Yunchan Hwang, Jungeun Won, Muhammad Usman Jamil, Antonio Yaghy, Michelle C Liang, Caroline R Baumal, Andre J Witkin, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Jay S Duker, James G Fujimoto, Nadia K Waheed","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.14.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify the blood flow speed within retinal microaneurysms (MAs) and investigate the relationship between blood flow speed and clinical characteristics in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Variable interscan time analysis (VISTA) quantifies blood flow speed in the vasculature by measuring how fast optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) saturates for different interscan times. Macular OCTA imaging was performed in eyes with DR using a high-speed swept-source OCT prototype instrument operating at a 600-kHz A-scan rate. The presence of MAs was determined using OCT B-scans, and three-dimensional MA masks were generated. VISTA flow speed (VFS) was determined within MAs and the retinal capillary plexus (RCP). Intraluminal reflectivity, axial location within the RCP, and the presence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) around the MAs were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 123 MAs were detected from 24 eyes of 20 patients with DR. Mean VFS was 1.26 ms-1 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.35). MAs with medium and high intraluminal reflectivity had slower VFS than those with low intraluminal reflectivity (P < 0.01) and often had slower VFS than the RCP (P < 0.01). Sixty-six MAs were located near IRF and had slower VFS than the other 57 MAs without surrounding IRF (1.16 ms-1 vs. 1.37 ms-1; P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VISTA OCTA can assess blood flow speed of MAs in relation to other structural features in DR. Decreased blood flow speed in MAs is correlated with the presence of IRF around MAs.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>We offer a new method that quantifies the blood flow speed of MAs to study the development of diabetic macular edema.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Sugar Present in the Culture Medium on the Preservation of Human RPE Cell Suspensions.","authors":"Shohei Kitahata, Hinako Ichikawa, Yuji Tanaka, Shin Tanaka, Tatsuya Inoue, Maiko Maruyama-Inoue, Kazuaki Kadonosono","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.1","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is crucial for photoreceptor function, and its dysfunction is associated with several retinal degenerative diseases. This study examines how different sugars in preservation media affect the viability of RPE cells, highlighting the need for effective storage solutions for cell transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human RPE cells were cultured and suspended in modified media with various sugars. The survival rate was measured for cells cultured under adhesion for 3 weeks and for those stored at 37°C for 24 hours. Metabolism was evaluated using liquid chromatography, whereas the responses to hypoxia were assessed with specific markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fructose-containing media significantly enhanced RPE cell survival, even under hypoxic conditions. In adherent cultures, fructose showed higher survival rates compared to galactose, which had a notably low survival rate. Chromatography results indicated that fructose played a role in non-anaerobic metabolism, helping to explain its effectiveness. In suspension, fructose maintained higher cell viability than glucose and suppressed hypoxia markers, suggesting increased resistance to hypoxic stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights the critical role of sugar composition in preservation media on RPE cell survival, positioning fructose as a potential enhancer. Its antioxidative properties suggest fructose could be effective in suspension preservation. These findings indicate that fructose-containing media are promising for preserving RPE cells and could have broader applications in preserving various cell types and tissues.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The results of this study may allow for longer-term storage of RPE cells, potentially increasing the versatility of cell transplantation therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}