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A 4D-STEM Tomographic Framework Assisted by Object Tracking for Nanoparticle Structure Determination. 基于目标跟踪的4D-STEM层析框架用于纳米颗粒结构测定。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71095
Saleh Gholam, Arno Annys, Irina Skvortsova, Erica Cordero Oyonarte, Amirhossein Hajizadeh, Philippe Boullay, Johan Hofkens, Johan Verbeeck, Joke Hadermann
{"title":"A 4D-STEM Tomographic Framework Assisted by Object Tracking for Nanoparticle Structure Determination.","authors":"Saleh Gholam, Arno Annys, Irina Skvortsova, Erica Cordero Oyonarte, Amirhossein Hajizadeh, Philippe Boullay, Johan Hofkens, Johan Verbeeck, Joke Hadermann","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has emerged as a powerful method for solving the structure of sub-micron-sized particles down to nanoparticles. However, it faces technical challenges when applied to beam-sensitive samples or agglomerated nanoparticles. This study presents a novel approach that combines 4D-STEM tomography with object tracking and segmentation algorithms to overcome these limitations, and achieve single-crystalline 3D ED datasets from nanopowder samples. The method and data quality are assessed on brookite TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorods and beam-sensitive CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. To finely sample the reciprocal space, the data acquisition was automated to acquire hundreds of 4D-STEM scans at fine tilt steps using a slightly convergent beam (0.6 to 1 mrad). Compared to conventional 3D ED methodologies, the proposed method provides enhanced signal-to-noise ratio, low illumination time for reducing beam damage, and the ability to analyze multiple particles from a single tomographic dataset. The procedure is optimized to be feasible using commercially available desktops and detectors. This extends the method applicability to systems and samples that were very challenging for conventional 3D ED methods, by eliminating several technical challenges for the data acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71095"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards High-Throughput Testing of Bipolar Plate Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers: Correlative Contact Resistance and Stability Analysis 质子交换膜水电解槽双极板材料的高通量测试:相关接触电阻和稳定性分析。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 Epub Date: 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71010
Lena Fiedler, Andreas Körner, George Pätzold, Elaheh Akbarnejad, Alan Savan, Simon Thiele, Dominik Dworschak, Alfred Ludwig, Karl J. J. Mayrhofer, Andreas Hutzler
{"title":"Towards High-Throughput Testing of Bipolar Plate Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers: Correlative Contact Resistance and Stability Analysis","authors":"Lena Fiedler,&nbsp;Andreas Körner,&nbsp;George Pätzold,&nbsp;Elaheh Akbarnejad,&nbsp;Alan Savan,&nbsp;Simon Thiele,&nbsp;Dominik Dworschak,&nbsp;Alfred Ludwig,&nbsp;Karl J. J. Mayrhofer,&nbsp;Andreas Hutzler","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bipolar plates (BPP) are a major cost driver in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers for green hydrogen production that require replacement with more cost-effective materials. However, novel materials must combine high corrosion resistance and low dissolution rates with low interfacial contact resistance (ICR). Herein, we introduce a correlative workflow for determining electrochemical dissolution using a scanning flow cell coupled on-line to an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and ICR, utilizing a novel miniaturized ICR setup with a sample diameter of 2 mm. The applicability of the setup is demonstrated using titanium (Ti), for which the ICR is found to increase depending on the applied oxidation potential. Furthermore, automated ICR mapping across pristine Ti sheets with a platinum (Pt) coating featuring a thickness gradient reveals a pronounced ICR decrease when the Pt layer exceeds ∼3.8 ± 1.4 nm<sub>Pt</sub>, while thicker Pt coatings (up to ∼80 nm<sub>Pt</sub>) do not provide further improvement. These results demonstrate that ultrathin Pt coatings can already substantially reduce the ICR of titanium-based BPP materials. Our setup enables high-throughput screening of material libraries and provides a powerful tool for developing optimized PEMWE components with low ICR and high electrochemical stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.71010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Profiling Multiplexed Protein-Specific Sialylation in Cancer Drug Resistance Using Proximity Ligation Sequencing 利用接近连接测序分析多重蛋白特异性唾液化在癌症耐药中的作用。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 Epub Date: 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.70912
Ning Zhang, Gaoyu Song, Zhiyuan Peng, Kangjia Du, Cong Cai, Shuo Miao, Yiyuan Tang, Ya Wang, Juan Li
{"title":"Profiling Multiplexed Protein-Specific Sialylation in Cancer Drug Resistance Using Proximity Ligation Sequencing","authors":"Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Gaoyu Song,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Peng,&nbsp;Kangjia Du,&nbsp;Cong Cai,&nbsp;Shuo Miao,&nbsp;Yiyuan Tang,&nbsp;Ya Wang,&nbsp;Juan Li","doi":"10.1002/smtd.70912","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.70912","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aberrant glycosylation, particularly enhanced sialylation of membrane proteins, acts as a critical regulator of receptor signaling, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance in cancer. However, systematic and multiplexed interrogation of protein-specific sialylation in living cells remains technically challenging. Here, we report SATP-seq, a next-generation sequencing-based strategy that integrates a sialic acid-reactive probe (SA) with a targeted protein probe (TP) to enable ensemble profiling of protein-specific sialylation. By combining metabolic glycan labeling with nanobody- or aptamer-mediated protein recognition, SATP-seq achieves dual recognition of sialic acids and protein epitopes through DNA-programmed proximity ligation. The resulting ligation products encode sialylation states into unique DNA barcodes, converting glycosylation information into sequencable signals for multiplexed and quantitative analysis within a single sequencing run. Application of SATP-seq to gefitinib-sensitive PC9 and gefitinib-resistant PC9GR cells enables parallel profiling of seven membrane glycoproteins and reveals resistance-associated remodeling of protein-specific sialylation. Notably, differential sialylation of EGFR and CD47 emerges between sensitive and resistant cells, suggesting coordinated reprogramming of proliferative and immune-regulatory pathways. Enzymatic desialylation, EGFR knockdown, and proteomic validation collectively confirm the specificity and biological relevance of these alterations. Together, these findings establish multiplexed protein-specific sialylation profiling as a scalable approach for dissecting glycosylation-driven mechanisms of cancer drug resistance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uniform and Dense Electrodeposited Magnesium Foil Induced by Cationic Surfactant Additive as an Ultra-Thin and High-Utilization Negative Electrode for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries. 阳离子表面活性剂添加剂诱导均匀致密电沉积镁箔作为可充电镁电池超薄高利用率负极。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71104
Can Liu, Shutong Zhang, Peiyuan Jiao, Yang Song, Fangyu Xiong, Jili Yue, Tiantian Wen, Guangsheng Huang, Fusheng Pan
{"title":"Uniform and Dense Electrodeposited Magnesium Foil Induced by Cationic Surfactant Additive as an Ultra-Thin and High-Utilization Negative Electrode for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries.","authors":"Can Liu, Shutong Zhang, Peiyuan Jiao, Yang Song, Fangyu Xiong, Jili Yue, Tiantian Wen, Guangsheng Huang, Fusheng Pan","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) have garnered significant attention due to the high theoretical capacity (3833 mAh cm<sup>-3</sup>) and abundant resources of magnesium negative electrode. The preparation of high-performance ultrathin magnesium foil negative electrode is crucial for achieving high-energy-density magnesium batteries. Electrodeposition has proven to be an effective method for producing ultrathin magnesium foil, but the uniformity and density of electrodeposited magnesium foil still need to be further optimized. This study systematically screens long-chain quaternary ammonium salt as electrodeposition additives and discovers that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) effectively induces the formation of magnesium deposits with lower surface roughness and higher structural density. Combining density functional theory calculations and systematic experimental characterizations, the mechanism of CTAB additive is demonstrated as that CTA<sup>+</sup> ions adsorb at the electrode interface to regulate the magnesium nucleation-growth process, thereby achieving more uniform deposition morphology. The optimized magnesium negative electrode delivers a cycle life of 500 h at 5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and 5 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> (83.3% utilization rate) with an overpotential of only 0.18 V, and the Mg||Mo<sub>6</sub>S<sub>8</sub> full cell maintains a capacity of 79.1 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> after 500 cycles. This study provides a pathway for designing and fabricating high-utilization, long-cycle-life magnesium metal negative electrode.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71104"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proximity Proteomics Maps Candidate Cellular Uptake Pathways for Cell-Derived Nanovesicles 接近蛋白质组学绘制细胞衍生纳米囊泡的候选细胞摄取途径。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71014
Eisuke Kanao, Ryosuke Mizuta, Saki Tarao, Yukika Hara, Yuka Li, Kazunari Akiyoshi, Yasushi Ishihama, Koshi Imami, Yoshihiro Sasaki
{"title":"Proximity Proteomics Maps Candidate Cellular Uptake Pathways for Cell-Derived Nanovesicles","authors":"Eisuke Kanao,&nbsp;Ryosuke Mizuta,&nbsp;Saki Tarao,&nbsp;Yukika Hara,&nbsp;Yuka Li,&nbsp;Kazunari Akiyoshi,&nbsp;Yasushi Ishihama,&nbsp;Koshi Imami,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Sasaki","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) facilitate selective molecular exchange between cells, their low yields and inherent heterogeneity limit translational applications. Cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), produced by mechanical extrusion of donor cells, offer a scalable alternative while retaining key membrane features of EVs. Yet how fabrication reshapes vesicle–cell communication remains poorly understood. Here, vesicle-side proteomics is integrated with TurboID proximity labeling of recipient-cell proteins to construct quantitative, dual-sided maps of CDN and small extracellular vesicle (sEV) interactions. Despite similar size and surface charge, CDNs displayed a substantially more diverse proteome and a broader repertoire of predicted uptake-associated signatures. Recipient-cell proximity proteomics further resolved distinct molecular cohorts. The CDN-associated cohort contained recipient-derived CALR and NCL, which are literature-linked to LRP1/CD91-associated efferocytic recognition and NCL-associated macropinocytic processes, respectively, whereas the sEV-associated cohort contained signatures consistent with HSPG-assisted docking and clathrin-mediated or CLIC/GEEC-related uptake. Together, these complementary datasets reveal molecular interfaces for extrusion-generated CDNs that are distinct from those of naturally secreted sEVs. Receptor dependence and the contributions of surface association and internalization require direct testing; however, the identified associations define specific mechanistic targets for further investigation. This dual-sided proteomic strategy establishes a quantitative framework for dissecting vesicle–cell communication and engineering membrane-based nanocarriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.71014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reversible Fluorescent Detection of Redox Dynamics in Living Systems 生物系统氧化还原动力学的可逆荧光检测。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 Epub Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71009
Feilong Diwu, Junhe Ma, Tianpei He, Quan Yuan, Na Chen
{"title":"Reversible Fluorescent Detection of Redox Dynamics in Living Systems","authors":"Feilong Diwu,&nbsp;Junhe Ma,&nbsp;Tianpei He,&nbsp;Quan Yuan,&nbsp;Na Chen","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.71009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Redox homeostasis is essential for cellular function and organismal health, and its dysregulation is linked to inflammation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Precise, dynamic monitoring is critical yet challenging due to the reversible and fluctuating nature of redox processes. Fluorescent probes offer a promising solution through non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, and reversible responsiveness. This Perspective systematically reviews recent advances in reversible fluorescent probes for tracking redox homeostasis, focusing on four major sensing mechanisms: FRET, ICT, PET, and ESPT. For each, we evaluate applicability, reversibility, response kinetics, and signal stability across diverse redox contexts. We further highlight that integrating reversible probes with high-throughput or multiplexed imaging platforms will be essential to advance redox monitoring from static snapshots to dynamic network-level analysis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fractionation-Free Protein Corona Quantification Through Synchrotron-Based Small-Angle X-ray Scattering 基于同步加速器的小角度x射线散射的免分选蛋白质电晕定量。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 Epub Date: 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.70786
Juliana T. T. Carvalho, Caroline E. P. Silva, Lindomar J. C. Albuquerque, Antônio A. Malfatti-Gasperini, Liming Wang, Nathan P. Cowieson, Mateus B. Cardoso
{"title":"Fractionation-Free Protein Corona Quantification Through Synchrotron-Based Small-Angle X-ray Scattering","authors":"Juliana T. T. Carvalho,&nbsp;Caroline E. P. Silva,&nbsp;Lindomar J. C. Albuquerque,&nbsp;Antônio A. Malfatti-Gasperini,&nbsp;Liming Wang,&nbsp;Nathan P. Cowieson,&nbsp;Mateus B. Cardoso","doi":"10.1002/smtd.70786","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.70786","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When nanoparticles (NPs) enter biological environments, they are rapidly coated by biomolecules, forming the protein corona (PC) that defines their biological identity and dictates how NPs are recognized, distributed, and processed by living systems. Capturing the authentic features of the PC demands experimental conditions that preserve its native state, which are difficult to achieve once NPs are removed from their biological milieu. Despite significant progress, current PC quantification methods still rely on separating the NP-PC complex from its native environment, thereby compromising the corona's integrity and preventing accurate evaluation of its physicochemical properties. Here, we introduce a fractionation-free approach based on synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to quantitatively determine the amount of protein adsorbed onto silica NPs under native conditions. By modeling the scattering contribution of free versus bound proteins, we directly extracted the adsorbed mass in both single-protein (serum albumin) and complex proteomic (human serum) systems. The resulting adsorption isotherms enabled the determination of thermodynamic parameters, distinguishing between simple monolayer-like and more complex adsorption regimes. Together, these findings establish SAXS as a non-invasive and quantitative technique for probing the PC in situ without perturbing equilibrium, advancing SAXS toward quantitative PC characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.70786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fractionation-Free Protein Corona Quantification Through Synchrotron-Based Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (Small Methods 19/2026) 基于同步加速器的小角度x射线散射无分选蛋白电晕定量(Small Methods 19/2026)
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71001
Juliana T. T. Carvalho, Caroline E. P. Silva, Lindomar J. C. Albuquerque, Antônio A. Malfatti-Gasperini, Liming Wang, Nathan P. Cowieson, Mateus B. Cardoso
{"title":"Fractionation-Free Protein Corona Quantification Through Synchrotron-Based Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (Small Methods 19/2026)","authors":"Juliana T. T. Carvalho,&nbsp;Caroline E. P. Silva,&nbsp;Lindomar J. C. Albuquerque,&nbsp;Antônio A. Malfatti-Gasperini,&nbsp;Liming Wang,&nbsp;Nathan P. Cowieson,&nbsp;Mateus B. Cardoso","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Back Cover</b></p><p>Fractionation-free synchrotron SAXS is introduced to quantify protein corona formation under native, unperturbed conditions. Applied to silica nanoparticles incubated with bovine serum albumin and human serum, the approach resolves free and bound protein contributions directly from scattering data, yielding adsorption isotherms that distinguish a monolayer-like regime for BSA from a heterogeneous, cooperative regime for human serum. More in article number e70786, Mateus B. Cardoso and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"10 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.71001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MOF-Superstructure-Derived 2D Fe2O3/Fe-N-C Nanosheets as Catalysts for Zn-Air Batteries: Synergistically Enhanced Mass Transport and Electrocatalytic Activity. mof上层结构衍生的二维Fe2O3/Fe-N-C纳米片作为锌空气电池的催化剂:协同增强的质量传递和电催化活性。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71105
Zihan Wang, Xuan Yang, Jing Ren, Tianjing Shi, Chengrui Yang, Junjie Guo, Yongkang Lv, Rui-Peng Ren
{"title":"MOF-Superstructure-Derived 2D Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Fe-N-C Nanosheets as Catalysts for Zn-Air Batteries: Synergistically Enhanced Mass Transport and Electrocatalytic Activity.","authors":"Zihan Wang, Xuan Yang, Jing Ren, Tianjing Shi, Chengrui Yang, Junjie Guo, Yongkang Lv, Rui-Peng Ren","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived single-atom Fe-N-C catalysts exhibit promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. However, their practical performance in zinc-air batteries (ZABs) is hindered by low active site utilization efficiency and excessively strong adsorption of ORR intermediates. Herein, we fabricate a catalyst featuring atomically dispersed Fe and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles anchored on large-scale two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanosheets via pyrolysis of MOF superstructure precursors. A dual Fe-source strategy enhances Fe/N contents while creating abundant Fe-N<sub>x</sub> and N-doped carbon active sites. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the 2D nanosheet architecture provides high O<sub>2</sub> storage capacity and rapid mass transfer channels, significantly improving Fe-N<sub>x</sub> site utilization. Meanwhile, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> modulates Fe's d-p orbital hybridization and enhances outermost electron delocalization, weakening excessive binding of ORR intermediates. Consequently, the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Fe-N-C nanosheet catalyst demonstrates superior ORR performance and enhanced ZABs performance compared to conventional Fe-N-C nanoparticle catalysts. This study offers new insights into developing high-performance ORR catalysts through synergistic optimization of single-atom active site electronic structures and support architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71105"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iridium-Based Nanomaterials: Precise Fabrication, Structural and Electronic Modulation, and Biomedical Applications. 铱基纳米材料:精密制造,结构和电子调制,以及生物医学应用。
IF 8.7 2区 材料科学
Small Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.71098
Ruidong Yin, Songjing Zhong, Zhuo Wang, Yuxuan Zhang, Lefu Mei, Linlin Li
{"title":"Iridium-Based Nanomaterials: Precise Fabrication, Structural and Electronic Modulation, and Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Ruidong Yin, Songjing Zhong, Zhuo Wang, Yuxuan Zhang, Lefu Mei, Linlin Li","doi":"10.1002/smtd.71098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.71098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iridium (Ir), a representative platinum-group metal, possesses unique 5d electronic structure, multiple accessible oxidation states, exceptional chemical stability, and highly tunable coordination chemistry, making it an attractive platform for biomedical nanotechnology. Recent advances in nanomaterial synthesis and interfacial engineering have enabled the development of diverse Ir-based nanomaterials, including coordination complexes, nanoparticles, single-atom nanocatalysts, and metal-organic frameworks, with precisely engineered electronic structures and catalytic properties. Through the rational regulation of valence states, crystal phases, defect structures, and metal-support interfacial interactions, these nanomaterials exhibit remarkable redox activity, enzyme-like catalysis, and responsiveness to external-field stimuli. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in the design, fabrication, structural and electronic engineering, physicochemical properties, and biological applications of Ir-based nanomaterials. Particular attention is given to their enzyme-mimetic activities, catalytic mechanisms, and unique bidirectional oxidative-antioxidative regulatory capabilities, as well as their cellular interactions and toxicological characteristics. We further summarize their emerging biomedical applications in biosensing, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial treatment, where catalytic regulation, tissue microenvironment modulation, and external-field-enhanced strategies collectively enable improved therapeutic performance. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed, including structure-activity relationship elucidation, intelligent stimulus-responsive therapeutic platforms, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted materials discovery, long-term safety evaluation, and potential clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e71098"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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