IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73657

Minji Jung, Hyunlim Kim, Michael Hirscher, Hyunchul Oh

{"title":"Cryogenic TDS Platform for Quantitative Hydrogen Isotope (H2/D2/HD) Separation via Quantum Sieving in Porous Materials.","authors":"Minji Jung, Hyunlim Kim, Michael Hirscher, Hyunchul Oh","doi":"10.1002/smll.73657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73657","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate evaluation of hydrogen isotope separation performance is critical for the development of advanced porous materials for energy, semiconductor, and nuclear applications. Herein, we report the development of an advanced cryogenic thermal desorption spectroscopy (AC-TDS) platform capable of quantitatively analyzing hydrogen isotopes (H2, D2, and even HD) over a wide temperature range (15 - 900 K). The system incorporates calibration standards such as TiH2 and Pd95Ce5 alloy, enabling reliable quantification of desorbed gases. By varying the gas exposure temperature, time, and pressure, we can elucidate the microscopic nature of adsorption processes associated with structural flexibility, pore accessibility, or strong adsorption sites. With binary (H2/D2) and ternary (H2/HD/D2) isotope gas mixtures, AC-TDS directly determines isotope-dependent uptakes and selectivities using small quantities of samples and extracts desorption energetics via multi-rate analysis. Using specific gas exposure conditions, the TDS technique offers a powerful diagnostic tool for understanding adsorption energetics, framework dynamics, and isotope selectivity, and allows a rapid characterization of porous materials for hydrogen isotope separation applications based on selective adsorption.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73657"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface-Selective Charge Transport Enables Self-Powered Vertical WSe₂/Perovskite Photodetector Arrays. 界面选择性电荷传输实现自供电垂直WSe2/钙钛矿光电探测器阵列。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73680

Jiaqi Tang, Yang Yu, Xiaojun Pan, Yepei Mo, Huichen Xu, Jia Long, Kaiyu Hu, Yu Zhang, Yipeng Cui, Jiarun Ding, Teng Gao, Zhifang Liu, Wenchao Gao, Wenqiang Wu, Muhong Wu, Caofeng Pan

{"title":"Interface-Selective Charge Transport Enables Self-Powered Vertical WSe2/Perovskite Photodetector Arrays.","authors":"Jiaqi Tang, Yang Yu, Xiaojun Pan, Yepei Mo, Huichen Xu, Jia Long, Kaiyu Hu, Yu Zhang, Yipeng Cui, Jiarun Ding, Teng Gao, Zhifang Liu, Wenchao Gao, Wenqiang Wu, Muhong Wu, Caofeng Pan","doi":"10.1002/smll.73680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73680","url":null,"abstract":"Self-powered photodetectors operating at zero bias are highly attractive for low-power integrated optoelectronic systems, yet their performance is often limited by inefficient carrier extraction and severe interfacial recombination in 2D/3D heterostructures. Here, we report a vertical Au/WSe2/MAPbBrI2/ZnO/ITO photodetector array enabled by interface-selective charge transport engineering. By integrating p-type WSe2 with a strongly absorbing mixed-halide perovskite and introducing ZnO as an electron transport layer, a favorable energy cascade is formed, which is consistent with selective carrier separation under zero bias. Comparative studies reveal that the ZnO interlayer significantly suppresses dark current, enhances rectification behavior, and improves zero-bias photocurrent by facilitating selective electron extraction and suppressing interfacial recombination. The optimized device exhibits stable switching characteristics and uniform pixel-to-pixel response, enabling reliable self-powered imaging. This work clarifies the critical role of transport-layer-assisted interface modulation in vertical 2D/3D heterojunctions and provides a scalable strategy for constructing high-performance, energy-efficient photodetector arrays.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73680"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Photolithography of Perovskite Nanocrystals: In Situ Silica Encapsulation for Stable Micro-LED Displays. 钙钛矿纳米晶体的绿色光刻技术：用于稳定微型led显示屏的原位二氧化硅封装。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73661

Yue Lin, Yifei Liu, Xuemin Kong, Jiayuan Li, Yu Chen, Siting Cai, Yuchen Zhou, Tianqi Zhang, Ningjun Zhou, Wenan Guo, Zhenning Sun, Guolong Chen, Tingzhu Wu, Zhong Chen, Shuli Wang

{"title":"Green Photolithography of Perovskite Nanocrystals: In Situ Silica Encapsulation for Stable Micro-LED Displays.","authors":"Yue Lin, Yifei Liu, Xuemin Kong, Jiayuan Li, Yu Chen, Siting Cai, Yuchen Zhou, Tianqi Zhang, Ningjun Zhou, Wenan Guo, Zhenning Sun, Guolong Chen, Tingzhu Wu, Zhong Chen, Shuli Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.73661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73661","url":null,"abstract":"Photolithographic patterning of perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) is pivotal for realizing color-conversion schemes in full-color Micro-LED displays; however, this process is currently hindered by severe material degradation and a pervasive reliance on toxic organic solvents. Herein, we propose a robust PeNC photoresist strategy designed for compatibility with eco-friendly green solvents, specifically enabling the use of benign ethanol as a developer for high-resolution patterning. By synthesizing PeNCs directly within isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) monomers and engineering an in situ SiO2 encapsulation layer via hydrolysis, we achieve superior material stability. Remarkably, the resulting PeNC@SiO2/IBOA composites retain bright fluorescence after 3480 h of ethanol immersion, whereas uncoated controls quench completely within 96 h. Leveraging this stability, we successfully patterned color conversion pixels with dimensions of 20 µm × 10 µm via photolithography with green solvent ethanol as the developer, which retain 80.3% of their initial photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) post-lithography. The successful fabrication of highly uniform red, green, and blue (RGB) pixel arrays demonstrates the significant potential of this green, high-performance lithography strategy of PeNCs for next-generation Micro-LED displays.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73661"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rational Rigid-Core Design Realizes Efficient and Color-Pure Sky-Blue MR-TADF Emission in Boron-Nitrogen Functionalized Dibenzo-Xanthene. 合理的刚性核设计实现了硼氮功能化二苯并杂蒽高效、纯色的天蓝色MR-TADF发射。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73625

Thamodharan Viswanathan, Sabyasachi Maity, Upasana Deori, Nikhitha R, Nandish Sh, Sandhayarani Pal, Nisha Yadav, Anirban Mondal, Pachaiyappan Rajamalli

引用次数: 0

Emerging Strategies for Spent Li-Ion Battery Recycling: Progress and Perspectives of Redox-Mediated Methods. 废旧锂离子电池回收的新策略：氧化还原介导方法的进展与展望

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73635

Keyu Zheng, Jiashu Yuan, Ziyu Chen, Shuangshuang Wang, Meng Yao, Jie Gao, Yonggao Xia

{"title":"Emerging Strategies for Spent Li-Ion Battery Recycling: Progress and Perspectives of Redox-Mediated Methods.","authors":"Keyu Zheng, Jiashu Yuan, Ziyu Chen, Shuangshuang Wang, Meng Yao, Jie Gao, Yonggao Xia","doi":"10.1002/smll.73635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73635","url":null,"abstract":"The exponential growth of the electric vehicle (EV) market has triggered a massive accumulation of spent lithium-ion batteries (sLIBs), which urgently requires sustainable recycling strategies to reduce environmental risks and ensure the availability of key mineral resources. While traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes are established for large-scale operations, they are limited by high energy consumption, high reagent consumption, and hazardous secondary emissions. This review systematically evaluates current recycling methods, ranging from traditional smelting and acid-leaching to emerging electrochemical paradigms. A primary focus is placed on the redox-mediated method, a transformative electrochemical strategy designed to overcome the high energy consumption of traditional strategies and the inherent kinetic limitations in direct electrochemical extraction. This method introduces a redox mediator that decouples the electrochemical reaction into the mediator regeneration reaction at the electrode interface and the delithiation reaction at the solid-liquid interface, thereby enabling efficient and targeted energy-supplying recycling. Furthermore, the redox mediator recovery method can be ingeniously combined with value-added processes such as hydrogen production and zinc deposition, significantly reducing energy consumption and carbon footprint compared to traditional methods. This article shows the value of the redox mediator method, which combines waste treatment and resource regeneration.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73635"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorinated Amphiphilic Dendrimer to Improve PET Imaging of Cancer. 氟化两亲性树状大分子改善肿瘤PET成像。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202511972

Béatrice Louis, Tom Roussel, Twiany Cruz-Dubois, Ling Ding, Zhenbin Lyu, Erik Laurini, Jessica Ou, Laure Balasse, Adrien Chabert, Vincent Nail, Ahlem Bouhlel, Françoise Dignat-George, Florence Gattacceca, Sabrina Pricl, Benjamin Guillet, Ling Peng, Philippe Garrigue

{"title":"Fluorinated Amphiphilic Dendrimer to Improve PET Imaging of Cancer.","authors":"Béatrice Louis, Tom Roussel, Twiany Cruz-Dubois, Ling Ding, Zhenbin Lyu, Erik Laurini, Jessica Ou, Laure Balasse, Adrien Chabert, Vincent Nail, Ahlem Bouhlel, Françoise Dignat-George, Florence Gattacceca, Sabrina Pricl, Benjamin Guillet, Ling Peng, Philippe Garrigue","doi":"10.1002/smll.202511972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202511972","url":null,"abstract":"Early and accurate tumor detection is key to successful cancer management. Nanotechnology-based biomedical imaging offers strong potential to enhance tumor detection through improved sensitivity and specificity, particularly via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. However, suboptimal biodistribution of imaging agents is often associated with a pronounced liver retention. Fluorinated compounds, though rare in nature, provide unique physicochemical properties thanks to the high electronegativity of fluorine, its strong inductive effect, and the low polarizability of the C-F bond, conferring exceptional chemical stability and biological inertness. Here, we report a fluorinated supramolecular dendrimer nanosystem for tumor imaging using positron emission tomography (PET). This system was constructed via the self-assembly of an amphiphilic fluorinated dendrimer radiolabeled with gallium-68, a positron-emitting radionuclide commonly used for PET. This fluorinated radiotracer exhibited a nanoscale size and had high radiochemical purity and stability. Compared to its non-fluorinated analogue, the fluorinated system showed reduced liver accumulation, improved pharmacokinetics, and significantly enhanced tumor uptake in orthotopic and ectopic mouse xenograft models of glioblastoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These results demonstrate that fluorination is a powerful strategy to optimize pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of imaging agents, enabling more accurate and effective tumor detection.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e11972"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programmable Electronic Communication in Covalent Organic Frameworks Enabled by Multicomponent Assembly for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Performance and Uranium Detection. 多组分组装实现共价有机框架中的可编程电子通信，以增强电化学发光性能和铀检测。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73650

Yi-Di Xun-Jia, Qiao-Qiao Jiang, Cheng-Rong Zhang, Zhi-Yong Chen, Xun Wang, Ru-Ping Liang, Shao-Gang Liu, Jian-Ding Qiu

{"title":"Programmable Electronic Communication in Covalent Organic Frameworks Enabled by Multicomponent Assembly for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Performance and Uranium Detection.","authors":"Yi-Di Xun-Jia, Qiao-Qiao Jiang, Cheng-Rong Zhang, Zhi-Yong Chen, Xun Wang, Ru-Ping Liang, Shao-Gang Liu, Jian-Ding Qiu","doi":"10.1002/smll.73650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73650","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient donor-acceptor (D-A) electronic coupling is critical for optimizing charge transport in covalent organic frameworks (COFs). However, linkage-induced spatial segregation in conventional binary COFs disrupts carrier continuity, thereby severely limiting electrochemiluminescence (ECL), a process that demands rapid, synchronized, and directional charge dynamics. To overcome this constraint, we develop a rationally designed multicomponent assembly strategy based on orthogonal Betti and Scholl reactions, enabling stepwise enhancement of through-bond electronic connectivity. Specifically, the strategic incorporation of a phenolic third component bridges spatially isolated donor and acceptor units, establishing uninterrupted intramolecular charge-transport pathways and yielding a 24.4-fold increase in ECL intensity relative to the binary analogue. Furthermore, the synergistic action of Betti and Scholl reactions drives in situ cyclization to form rigid, planar tetrahydroquinoline linkages, thereby improving backbone coplanarity, extending π-conjugation across the D-A interface, and amplifying ECL emission by 3.7-fold compared with the ternary precursor. Crucially, selective disruption of these extended π-pathways via coordination with UO2 2+ ions induces quantifiable, dose-dependent ECL quenching, providing direct experimental evidence of a structure-function relationship between multicomponent-engineered electronic connectivity and signal transduction. This work establishes a mechanism for how multicomponent assembly controls topological electronic connectivity in COFs, providing a general design principle to tailor charge transport in functional materials.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73650"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Assembled Conjugated Hollow Fibers for Spongy Monoliths Toward Solar-Driven Desalination and Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generation. 用于海绵体的自组装共轭中空纤维用于太阳能驱动的海水淡化和水力发电。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202514586

Songah Jeong, Jinhyeok Kang, Youngwoo Kwak, Sumin Kang, Changwoo Nam, Hyungwoo Kim

{"title":"Self-Assembled Conjugated Hollow Fibers for Spongy Monoliths Toward Solar-Driven Desalination and Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generation.","authors":"Songah Jeong, Jinhyeok Kang, Youngwoo Kwak, Sumin Kang, Changwoo Nam, Hyungwoo Kim","doi":"10.1002/smll.202514586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202514586","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a molecular design strategy for a self-assembled conjugated hollow-fiber monolith that enables simultaneous solar-driven desalination and hydrovoltaic electricity generation. In this bottom-up approach, aromatic monomers undergo metal-free condensation to form cross-linked hollow fibers that spontaneously entangle into a spongy monolith in a single step without templates. A gradient coating of polypyrrole subsequently yields a hierarchical aerogel that facilitates efficient light absorption, directional water transport, and interfacial solar evaporation through outer channels while suppressing bulk infiltration through a hydrophobic inner core. The developed system exhibits a high evaporation rate with strong salt resistance. The desalinated seawater produced under outdoor conditions meets World Health Organization drinking-water standards and supports rice seed germination under natural sunlight, confirming its potential for potable water production and agricultural irrigation. Solar-induced ion migration within the hollow channels generates hydrovoltaic outputs tunable by electrolyte salinity and device configuration, thereby enabling concurrent freshwater production and energy harvesting. Overall, the proposed system constitutes an integrated single-material platform that addresses the global water-energy nexus through sustainable, low-cost solar purification and electricity generation.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e14586"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructural Engineering via Fe Deficiency in Fe(Se, Te) Superconductors: A Pathway to Enhanced Vortex Pinning. 利用Fe（Se, Te）超导体中缺铁的微结构工程：增强涡旋钉钉的途径。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73643

Qiao Sun, Chiheng Dong, Zhongtang Xu, Yue Gong, Cong Liu, Minghui Tang, Chao Yao, Dongliang Wang, Xianping Zhang, Yanwei Ma

{"title":"Microstructural Engineering via Fe Deficiency in Fe(Se, Te) Superconductors: A Pathway to Enhanced Vortex Pinning.","authors":"Qiao Sun, Chiheng Dong, Zhongtang Xu, Yue Gong, Cong Liu, Minghui Tang, Chao Yao, Dongliang Wang, Xianping Zhang, Yanwei Ma","doi":"10.1002/smll.73643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73643","url":null,"abstract":"Defect engineering embodies a paradigm shift in materials science, repurposing structural imperfections into precise tools for property optimization. This approach is critically exemplified in type-II superconductors, where the deliberate introduction of defects, particularly those with dimensions comparable to the superconducting coherence length, creates effective flux-pinning centers and immobilizes magnetic flux vortices, directly enhancing the critical current density of superconductors. In this study, the microstructure of polycrystalline Fe(Se, Te) is engineered by employing a strategic Fe deficiency. The results exhibit that Fe deficiency facilitates the formation of nanoscale monoclinic Fe7(Se, Te)8 defects within the tetragonal superconducting matrix, substantially strengthening point pinning. Besides, the intrinsic Δκ pinning, driven by microscopic Se/Te compositional fluctuations, is restored by reducing interstitial Fe in Fe-deficient Fe(Se, Te). Benefiting from the coordination of the two mechanisms, Fe-deficient Fe(Se, Te) exhibits enhanced high-field flux pinning, marked by distinct second magnetization peaks, along with higher high-field Jc and flux pinning forces at elevated temperatures. Our work demonstrates a pathway for enhancing high-field flux pinning in polycrystalline Fe(Se, Te). It also reveals the feasibility of utilizing typically detrimental secondary phases to engineer beneficial pinning centers and provides critical guidance for enhancing the flux pinning capacity of type-II superconductors in high-field applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73643"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Layered NbOCl₂ as a Nonlinear Platform for Ultrafast and Excitable Fiber Lasers. 层状NbOCl2作为超快可激发光纤激光器的非线性平台。

IF 12.1 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1002/smll.73592

Mengke Su, Haoran Mu, Yun Li, Jiangbin Li, Hao Zhang, Yanqiu Xue, Zice Zhao, Lianbi Li, Shenghuang Lin

{"title":"Layered NbOCl2 as a Nonlinear Platform for Ultrafast and Excitable Fiber Lasers.","authors":"Mengke Su, Haoran Mu, Yun Li, Jiangbin Li, Hao Zhang, Yanqiu Xue, Zice Zhao, Lianbi Li, Shenghuang Lin","doi":"10.1002/smll.73592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73592","url":null,"abstract":"Layered van der Waals materials have attracted increasing interest as a nonlinear optical component for advanced laser systems. Here, we demonstrate layered NbOCl2 as a nonlinear platform enabling ultrafast and excitable fiber laser operation in the telecommunication band. High-quality NbOCl2 crystals synthesized by chemical vapor transport can be exfoliated into few-layer flakes exhibiting saturable absorption with low saturation intensity. By incorporating NbOCl2 into an erbium-doped fiber laser, stable self-starting mode-locked operation is achieved at a threshold pump power of 77 mW. The laser generates pulses with pulses centered at 1593 nm, with a 3 dB bandwidth of 2.5 nm, a repetition rate of 4.5 MHz, a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 60 dB, and maintains stable operation over 24 h. Beyond mode-locked and Q-switched regimes, the same laser system can be operated in an excitable regime, where isolated optical spikes are generated in response to external perturbations, exhibiting threshold-like and all-or-none spiking behavior. These results highlight the versatility of NbOCl2 as a nonlinear optical platform for ultrafast and excitable fiber lasers and indicate its potential relevance for spike-based photonic neuromorphic systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e73592"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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