IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502892

Yumeng Guo, Jinyang Zhao, Liang Chen, Haisong Zhao, Shengyu Li, Yuchao Liu, Shouke Yan, Zhongjie Ren

{"title":"Constructing Intramolecular Locks in the Backbones of TADF Conjugated Polymers for High-Performance Solution-Processed OLEDs.","authors":"Yumeng Guo, Jinyang Zhao, Liang Chen, Haisong Zhao, Shengyu Li, Yuchao Liu, Shouke Yan, Zhongjie Ren","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502892","url":null,"abstract":"Designing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) conjugated polymers for solution-processed OLEDs that achieve high efficiency with low efficiency roll-off remains a significant challenge. Here, an intramolecular lock is introduced into the polymeric backbones to restrict the rotation of flexible single bonds in the benzophenone acceptor, thereby significantly suppressing non-radiative transitions caused by molecular relaxation. Additionally, pyrimidine is incorporated into the acceptor to introduce steric hindrance, which synergistically increases the dihedral angle between the acceptor and donor, minimizing the energy difference between singlet and triplet states (ΔEST). This acceptor modification also optimizes the excited states, thus enhancing spin-orbit coupling between singlet and triplet states to accelerate the reverse intersystem crossing process. As a result, the polymer (p-2PXZ-XN) synthesized based on this strategy exhibits an elevated photoluminescence quantum yield up to 93 ± 2%. Furthermore, the solution-processed OLED employing p-2PXZ-XN achieves a record maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 25.6% and maintain an EQE of 23.1% at 1000 cd m-2. To our knowledge, both EQEmax and EQE at 1000 cd m-2 of p-2PXZ-XN represent the highest values among the reported conjugated polymers without sensitization.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2502892"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Open Frameworks Materials for Nitrogen Electrofixation to Ammonia, Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. 氮电固合氨的开放框架材料，进展，挑战和未来展望。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202502708

Shihai Cao, Jingyu Lu, Yuntong Sun, Yinghao Li, Zhendong Hao, Jong-Min Lee

{"title":"Open Frameworks Materials for Nitrogen Electrofixation to Ammonia, Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Shihai Cao, Jingyu Lu, Yuntong Sun, Yinghao Li, Zhendong Hao, Jong-Min Lee","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502708","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical nitrogen reduction (eNRR) offers a sustainable and energy-efficient alternative to the conventional Haber-Bosch process for ammonia (NH3) synthesis, operating under mild conditions with reduced environmental impact. Open framework materials (OFMs), encompassing covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have emerged as highly promising candidates due to their modular structures, tunable porosity, and adaptable functionalities. This review summarizes recent advancements in OFMs for eNRR, focusing on strategies for selection and design of active centers, regulation of porous structure, and conductivity enhancement strategy, as well as surface functionalization and interface engineering. Key challenges, including structural instability, low intrinsic conductivity, and the complexity of scalable synthesis, are critically analyzed. Advanced characterization methods, theoretical modeling, and machine learning are proposed as innovative tools to overcome these obstacles. Lastly, the potential for industrial-scale applications of OFMs in sustainable NH3 production is discussed, highlighting their transformative role in eNRR.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2502708"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetic Insights into the Supramolecular Polymerization of Perylenediimide-Appended Dipeptides 过二亚胺附加二肽超分子聚合动力学研究

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504415

Francisco Rey-Tarrío, Carmen Atienza, Luis Sánchez

{"title":"Kinetic Insights into the Supramolecular Polymerization of Perylenediimide-Appended Dipeptides","authors":"Francisco Rey-Tarrío, Carmen Atienza, Luis Sánchez","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504415","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the synthesis of two amphiphilic perylenediimide (PDI)-based systems, each incorporating lateral non-polar side chains and dipeptide units: (L)-Ala-Gly (PDI 1) or Gly-(L)-Ala (PDI 2). These amphiphilic dipeptide-functionalized systems enable the investigation of their self-assembly behavior in both apolar (MCH) and aqueous environments. The incorporation of dipeptides facilitates the formation of metastable monomeric species, M*, which have been examined through experimental and theoretical approaches. Spectroscopic analysis reveals that these monomeric species adopt various configurations stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, forming pseudocycles of varying sizes. DFT calculations suggest that the metastable monomers and their unbonded forms possess similar stabilities, allowing them to coexist in solution. Interestingly, unlike other amino acid-based scaffolds, the presence of these metastable species does not lead to pathway complexity. Instead, a single H-type aggregate species emerges, driven by π-stacking of the PDI cores and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the dipeptide amide groups. Variable-temperature UV–vis studies in apolar MCH show that the supramolecular polymerization of these PDIs proceeds via an isodesmic or weakly cooperative mechanism, resulting in fibrillar supramolecular polymers. Similar results are observed in aqueous media, where the assembly also forms H-type aggregates without evidence of pathway complexity.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA Hanger: Surface‐Minimized Single‐Molecule Immunoassay Platform DNA Hanger：表面最小化单分子免疫分析平台

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202409933

Jincheol Seol, Byungju Kim, Eui‐Sang Yu, Cherlhyun Jeong, Jong‐Bong Lee

{"title":"DNA Hanger: Surface‐Minimized Single‐Molecule Immunoassay Platform","authors":"Jincheol Seol, Byungju Kim, Eui‐Sang Yu, Cherlhyun Jeong, Jong‐Bong Lee","doi":"10.1002/smll.202409933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409933","url":null,"abstract":"A novel single‐molecule immunoassay platform, termed DNA Hanger, is developed to address the limitations of conventional surface‐based assays. By suspending biotinylated λ‐phage DNA across microfabricated quartz barriers, this method enables high‐specificity protein detection with minimal nonspecific binding. DNA Hanger significantly reduces background signals, achieving nonspecific binding rates as low as one protein per 236 µm of DNA. Quantification of mNeonGreen‐tagged human poly(A)‐binding protein C1 (mNG‐PABP) and single‐molecule fluorescence‐linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) of human tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) demonstrates the assay's specificity and sensitivity at the single‐molecule level, with a detection limit of 0.90 pM in buffer, 38‐fold lower than that of conventional FLISA, and 20.6 pM in 70% fetal bovine serum, an 8‐fold improvement. DNA Hanger also enables the detection and quantification of endogenous TNF‐α in human serum, highlighting its clinical potential. The DNA Hanger assay eliminates the need for surface blocking and simplifies workflow, resulting in completing the immunoassay process within 1 hour. DNA Hanger offers broad applicability for biomolecular interaction studies and clinical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Healing, Ga-Sb Alloy Confined Sn Anode for Stable Na-Ion Storage in Glyme Based Electrolytes 自愈，Ga-Sb合金限制锡阳极在Glyme基电解质中稳定的na离子存储

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504185

Dimpal Deori, Madhurja Buragohain, Youhyun Son, Sooraj Kunnikuruvan, Ashok Kumar Nanjundan, Philipp Adelhelm, Thangavelu Palaniselvam

{"title":"Self-Healing, Ga-Sb Alloy Confined Sn Anode for Stable Na-Ion Storage in Glyme Based Electrolytes","authors":"Dimpal Deori, Madhurja Buragohain, Youhyun Son, Sooraj Kunnikuruvan, Ashok Kumar Nanjundan, Philipp Adelhelm, Thangavelu Palaniselvam","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504185","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution, the development of a self-healable GaSb alloy featuring a confined Sn (core-shell) structure is reported for stable Na+ storage in an ether-based electrolyte. The core-shell architecture of GaSb@Sn has been validated through high-angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) paired with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis. The GaSb@Sn support on carbon electrode has delivered specific capacity of 560 mAh gelectrode−1 at 50 mA g−1 with 89% retention capacity after 1200 cycles and specific capacity of 449 mAh gelectrode−1 at 2 Ag−1 with 82% retention capacity after 2000 cycles. The GaSb@Sn/C electrode stores Na+ by forming Na-Sn, Na-Sb-O, and Na-Ga-O intermetallic compounds, as confirmed by operando XRD studies. Operando electrochemical dilatometry studies reveal that the self-healable electrode expands by 33% at the electrode level during Na+ insertion, significantly lower than the theoretically predicted expansion of Sn, which is 420%. DFT calculations show that the adsorption of diglyme on GaSb@Sn (−0.4 eV) is weaker than that on bulk Sn (−5.1 eV). The weaker interaction between diglyme and GaSb@Sn could be responsible for the thinner SEI formation on the edges of GaSb@Sn, thereby resulting in the high initial coulombic efficiency (GaSb@Sn- 81%, Bulk Sn-62%) and stable cycle life.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anion Sublattice Engineering via Fluorine Doping to Enhance δ-Bi2O3 Stability for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells 氟掺杂阴离子亚晶格工程提高低温固体氧化物电化学电池δ-Bi2O3稳定性

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503922

Donghun Lee, Hyunseung Kim, Seung Jin Jeong, Hyeongmin Yu, Incheol Jeong, WooChul Jung, Kang Taek Lee

{"title":"Anion Sublattice Engineering via Fluorine Doping to Enhance δ-Bi2O3 Stability for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells","authors":"Donghun Lee, Hyunseung Kim, Seung Jin Jeong, Hyeongmin Yu, Incheol Jeong, WooChul Jung, Kang Taek Lee","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503922","url":null,"abstract":"Solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs) are promising next-generation, eco-friendly, and efficient energy conversion devices. However, their high operating temperatures hinder commercialization, primarily due to the lack of highly durable and active materials for low-temperature operation. Herein, a highly stable and conductive δ-Bi2O3-based ionic conductor is introduced, in which unoccupied oxygen sites are mediated by F− ions to enhance structural stability and conductivity. The optimized material exhibits an exceptional ionic conductivity of 0.228 S cm−1 at 600 °C, representing a more than 70-fold increase compared to conventional Y-doped zirconia, while maintaining excellent long-term stability. Density functional theory calculations reveal that F− incorporation stabilizes the disordered anion sublattice, reinforcing the cation–anion bonding strength and enhancing the structural symmetry of the δ-cubic fluorite structure. When integrated into a composite oxygen electrode, the developed ionic conductor enables superior electrochemical performances in SOCs, achieving 0.98 W cm−2 in fuel cell mode and 0.63 A cm−2 at 1.3 V in electrolysis mode at 600 °C. These findings provide insights into the rational design of stable and active materials for high-performance SOCs, facilitating efficient operation at reduced temperatures and advancing their practical viability.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144238036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aqueous Eutectic Electrolytes Design for Advanced Rechargeable Zinc-Ion Batteries 先进可充电锌离子电池的水共晶电解质设计

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503105

Guangbin Wang, Guoqiang Wang, Ye Liu, Xiaosu Wang, Guangran Di, Xiaojing Yin, Qianqian Cai, Yueming Li, Xiaojun Lv

{"title":"Aqueous Eutectic Electrolytes Design for Advanced Rechargeable Zinc-Ion Batteries","authors":"Guangbin Wang, Guoqiang Wang, Ye Liu, Xiaosu Wang, Guangran Di, Xiaojing Yin, Qianqian Cai, Yueming Li, Xiaojun Lv","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503105","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (RAZIBs) have emerged as leading candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems, owing to their environmental sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and operational safety. Nevertheless, in conventional aqueous electrolytes (AEs), the rampant dendrite growth, parasitic hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), and progressive cathode dissolution in RAZIBs fundamentally constrain their practical application. Addressing these limitations through electrolyte engineering has thus become a pivotal research frontier for developing practical RAZIBs. In this context, aqueous eutectic electrolytes (AEEs) have garnered significant attention, synergistically integrating the merits of aqueous systems (e.g., high ion-conductivity) with eutectic characteristics (e.g., depressed freezing points). Despite rapid progress in AEE design, a systematic analysis of their multifunctional roles in stabilizing electrodes and enhancing low-temperature performance remains absent. This review comprehensively consolidates recent breakthroughs in AEE development, with emphasis on three synergistic mechanisms: Modulation of Zn2⁺ solvation structures; Construction of robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI); Cryoprotectant-inspired anti-freezing strategies. Furthermore, persistent challenges such as limited voltage stability and interfacial compatibility are critically evaluated, while targeted research directions are proposed, including solvent-ligand coordination tuning and artificial SEI design, and structure-property-performance relationships are reviewed. This work is expected to provide a roadmap for accelerating the deployment of AEE-empowered RAZIBs in grid-scale applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-Temperature Alloying Mechanism in Magic Size Clusters: A Pathway toward Alloy Nanocrystal Synthesis. 神奇尺寸团簇的低温合金化机制：合成合金纳米晶的途径。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503311

Xinke Kong, Lin Ru, Yuelin Yang, Xufeng Chen, Zhixin Wei, Jianrong Zeng, Yuanyuan Wang

{"title":"Low-Temperature Alloying Mechanism in Magic Size Clusters: A Pathway toward Alloy Nanocrystal Synthesis.","authors":"Xinke Kong, Lin Ru, Yuelin Yang, Xufeng Chen, Zhixin Wei, Jianrong Zeng, Yuanyuan Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503311","url":null,"abstract":"The non-classical nucleation process achieves controlled growth of nanomaterials at low temperatures by reducing energy barriers in stages. However, the synthesis of alloys remains challenging due to thermodynamic limitations and the unclear critical steps in the nonclassical nucleation process, often resulting in insufficient reaction driving forces and difficulties in compositional control. In this study, a covalent inorganic complex (CIC)-mediated alloying mechanism is proposed, which enables precise bonding control through ion-exchange reactions in the pre-nucleation stage at room temperature. The process involves the formation of CICs (Step 1), the regulation of alloy CICs (Step 2), and the directional assembly of alloyed CICs (Step 3). Step 2 plays a pivotal role as the composition-determining step, which results in the successful modulation of a series of binary-cation (ZnCdSe), binary-anion (CdSeS), and quaternary (ZnCdSeS) alloy CICs. Step 3 governs the size and morphology of the final alloy materials, facilitating the directed assembly of diverse alloy clusters (MSCs), quantum dots (QDs), and nanoplatelets (NPLs). This work not only advances the understanding of nonclassical nucleation processes but also offers a universal regulation strategy for alloy materials, providing a powerful tool for next-generation semiconductor design.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2503311"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creating Atomic‐Level Alkaline Microenvironment by Constructing Fe–O and Cr–O Ligands on CoO to Enhance Neutral Water Oxidation 在CoO上构建Fe-O和Cr-O配体促进中性水氧化的原子级碱性微环境

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504396

Chao Hong, Junda Lu, Yingmei Bian, Wenjie Huang, Haozhi Wang, Muling Shi, Xuerong Zheng, Yida Deng

{"title":"Creating Atomic‐Level Alkaline Microenvironment by Constructing Fe–O and Cr–O Ligands on CoO to Enhance Neutral Water Oxidation","authors":"Chao Hong, Junda Lu, Yingmei Bian, Wenjie Huang, Haozhi Wang, Muling Shi, Xuerong Zheng, Yida Deng","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504396","url":null,"abstract":"Developing active and stable oxygen evolution reaction(OER) electrocatalysts for water‐splitting hydrogen production under neutral conditions is crucial. Introducing Lewis acid (LA) on catalysts surface can build local alkaline microenvironment to enhance OER, but it may reduce active site exposure. In this work, atomic‐level LA sites (Fe–O and Cr–O ligands) are constructed and decorated CoO (designated as FeCr‐CoO), in which the Cr–O ligands can accelerate the transfer of *OH to OH⁻ and form a local alkaline environment, Fe–O ligands can prevent Cr–O ligands from being oxidized and thus improving the durability of FeCr‐CoO during the OER process. Moreover, the synergistic effect between Fe–O and Cr–O ligands can not only boosts the Lewis acidity, but also effectively promotes the water dissociation process (H2O*→*OH+*H) and ensures the prompt supply of *OH in the elementary reaction from *O to *OOH. Therefore, the FeCr‐CoO achieved a low OER overpotential of 214 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and displayed negligible degradation in 1000 h in neutral electrolyte. Additionally, the overall water‐splitting electrolyzer can reach 10 mA at 1.50 V, and is kept stable for over 500 h with a degradation of only 5.3%. This study provides a new way for designing efficient OER catalysts under neutral conditions by constructing local alkaline microenvironments.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective In Situ Phase Segregation Enabling Efficient and Stable Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell Cathode Performance. 选择性原位相分离实现高效稳定的质子陶瓷燃料电池阴极性能。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411223

Desheng Feng, Vanessa K Peterson, Tianjiu Zhu, Rijia Lin, Anita M D'Angelo, Dominique Appadoo, Xiaohe Tian, Xiaoyang Du, Zhonghua Zhu, Mengran Li

{"title":"Selective In Situ Phase Segregation Enabling Efficient and Stable Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell Cathode Performance.","authors":"Desheng Feng, Vanessa K Peterson, Tianjiu Zhu, Rijia Lin, Anita M D'Angelo, Dominique Appadoo, Xiaohe Tian, Xiaoyang Du, Zhonghua Zhu, Mengran Li","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411223","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient and reliable protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) necessitate the development of active and durable cathode materials to accelerate the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The most promising PCFC cathode candidates are perovskite-type structured oxides with mixed oxygen ion, proton, and hole conductivity. However, mixed conductivity often requires materials with alkaline earth elements and the inclusion of these elements in the cathode structure leads to severe degradation in the presence of even small trace amounts of CO2 in air. Herein, a new approach is presented to address this challenge by inducing selective in situ phase segregation to engineer the cathode surface and bulk separately. This selective phase segregation is achieved via targeted control of the size mismatch of cations in the perovskite-type structure, enhancing charge transfer in the bulk while improving CO2 resistance at the surface. By co-incorporating smaller Li+ and larger K+ into the model BaCo0.4Fe0.4Zr0.1Y0.1O3-δ cathode material, it is shown that Li+ segregates to the surface, protecting it from CO2 poisoning, while K+ remains in the bulk and accelerates proton transport. Consequently, this in situ restructured cathode can boost the PCFC power output by 30% and improve its CO2 tolerance fivefold in the presence of CO2 at 600 °C.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2411223"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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