IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503456

Hanqi Zhang, Yisha Wang, Liu Yang, Tianxiang Yang, Mingtong Zhang, Jixin Zhu

{"title":"Phosphorylated Chitosan/Polyacrylic Acid Cross-Linked Binder Enabling Silicon Anodes with High Electrochemical Stability and Intrinsic Thermal Safety","authors":"Hanqi Zhang, Yisha Wang, Liu Yang, Tianxiang Yang, Mingtong Zhang, Jixin Zhu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503456","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon (Si) anodes show broad application prospects given the current high demand for high-energy-density batteries. However, its application is restricted by volume expansion during cycling. Meanwhile, higher energy density also brings greater risks. To tackle these issues, the water-soluble flame retardant additive phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) was introduced into the commonly used polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder system, resulting in the design of a cross-linked binder system with both thermal safety and electrochemical stability. PCS and PAA cross-link through hydrogen bonds, which restricts the expansion of nano silicon to a certain extent. The battery using it as a binder still has a reversible capacity of 1148.3 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. In addition, PCS also inhibits the pyrolysis of PAA, increases the temperature at which the binder decomposes to produce combustible gases, and reduces the number of combustible gases generated, thereby enhancing the fire safety of the binder. Moreover, its water solubility also reduces the use of organic solvents, making it more environmentally friendly. This research work introduces a novel method for realizing a binder with electrochemical cycling stability and high thermal safety, addressing the key challenges in the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of a Stable Radical Cation of Bis-Tert-Butyl Ethylenedioxythiophene and its Application as a Dopant in Organic Semiconductors 双叔丁基乙二氧噻吩稳定自由基阳离子的合成及其在有机半导体掺杂中的应用

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503035

Yeasin Khan, Jae Hyun Lee, Jin Hee Lee, Nathan Plassais, Faiza Shoukat, Jung Hwa Seo, Bright Walker

{"title":"Synthesis of a Stable Radical Cation of Bis-Tert-Butyl Ethylenedioxythiophene and its Application as a Dopant in Organic Semiconductors","authors":"Yeasin Khan, Jae Hyun Lee, Jin Hee Lee, Nathan Plassais, Faiza Shoukat, Jung Hwa Seo, Bright Walker","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503035","url":null,"abstract":"A highly stable molecular radical cation (RC) derived from ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT) is effectively utilized for the p-doping of poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), an organic semiconductor. The success of this process is due to efficient electron transfer from the highest occupied molecular orbital band of P3HT to the singly unoccupied molecular orbital of the radical cation species. Confirmation of the doping is experimentally confirmed through UV–vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The ability to dope the conjugated polymers PBTTT and PTB7 is also spectroscopically confirmed. An increase in work-function of P3HT upon doping is observed due to electron transfer from P3HT to the radical cation with a concomitant decrease in the Fermi energy of P3HT. Impedance and four point probe analysis showed that the doped polymer films exhibited a significant decrease in resistance compared to the pristine films. This work presents the first use of a stable, easily synthesized EDOT-based radical cation as a molecular p-dopant for conjugated polymers, offering a novel and broadly applicable alternative to traditional dopants such as F4TCNQ.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Highly Tough and Strain-Sensitive MXene Hydrogel Sensor Enabling Integrated Wearable Electronics with Body Conformability and Real-Time Visualization 一种高度坚韧和应变敏感的MXene水凝胶传感器，使集成可穿戴电子设备具有身体顺应性和实时可视化

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504643

Qingsong Ji, Yuxi Li, Zihao Wang, Xushen Tan, Lu Sun, Shuang Li, Chuchu Wang, Riqing Chen, Fuxiang Chu, Jingya Nan, Chunpeng Wang

{"title":"A Highly Tough and Strain-Sensitive MXene Hydrogel Sensor Enabling Integrated Wearable Electronics with Body Conformability and Real-Time Visualization","authors":"Qingsong Ji, Yuxi Li, Zihao Wang, Xushen Tan, Lu Sun, Shuang Li, Chuchu Wang, Riqing Chen, Fuxiang Chu, Jingya Nan, Chunpeng Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504643","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel sensors are emerging as one promising device for wearable electronics by virtue of intrinsic flexibility and stimuli sensitivity. In particular, MXene hydrogel sensors possess superior properties of high sensitivity and wide strain sensing range, because MXene nanosheets have unique flake structure and metal-like electronic conductivity. However, the existing defects of aggregation and oxidation in MXene nanosheets would easily weaken the toughness and conductivity of hydrogel matrices, thus compromising the mechanical flexibility and strain sensitivity of hydrogel sensors. Here a class of MXene hydrogel sensors is proposed by in situ polymerization and non-covalent interactions. These hydrogel sensors exhibit high stretchability and high toughness simultaneously, reaching stretchability of 1100% and fracture energy of 5374 J m−2. Meanwhile, the introduced catechol groups of dopamine-grafted carboxymethyl cellulose sodium （DA@CMC） endow the hydrogel sensor with excellent anti-oxidation, adhesion, and long-term conductivity, enabling this sensor to show desirable strain sensitivity with a fast response time of 102 ms and a wide sensing scope of 0–800% strain. Moreover, the integration of a strain-sensitive hydrogel sensor with a multicolor display demonstrates system-level applications for real-time visual motion monitoring. This work paves the way for the development of body-conformable monitoring devices, holding great potential in wearable electronics that require visual functionalities.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"249 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interface Engineering and Band Alignment Studies of Cu Doped NiO as a Hole Transport Layer for Triple Cationic Perovskite Solar Cells. Cu掺杂NiO作为三阳离子钙钛矿太阳能电池空穴传输层的界面工程与能带对准研究。

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504237

Puja, Arpit Verma, Pramod Yadav, Kanwar Singh Nalwa, Mukesh Kumar

{"title":"Interface Engineering and Band Alignment Studies of Cu Doped NiO as a Hole Transport Layer for Triple Cationic Perovskite Solar Cells.","authors":"Puja, Arpit Verma, Pramod Yadav, Kanwar Singh Nalwa, Mukesh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504237","url":null,"abstract":"Hole selective inorganic transport layer plays an important role for higher stability of p-i-n perovskite solar cell. Here, this study investigates optimized Cu doping in NiO hole transport layer (HTL) and studied its interface with triple cation perovskite (Cs0.05(FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3) absorbing layer. The optimized Cu doped NiO shows optical band gap of 3.17 eV with high electrical mobility and moderate carrier concentration of 43.2 cm2/V-s and 1.51 × 1018 cm-3, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis (XPS) shows modified Ni3+/Ni2+ ratio with Cu doping in NiO, which enhances hole mobility and conductivity of HTL. The band alignment, recombination losses, and charge transport in several devices (FTO/Cu:NiO/Cs0.05(FA0.83MA0.17)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3/Au) are also investigated using capacitance- voltage (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Optimized HTL showed a lower trap density (5.20 × 1020 cm- 2 eV-¹), which resulted in a decrease of recombination losses and an increase in charge transport. The drift-diffusion model based simulation results also reveals the impact of interface defect density on power conversion efficiency (PCE). Final solar cell is fabricated on optimum Cu doped NiO HTL layers which showed an efficiency of 16.61% with enhanced fill factor (FF) of 77%. This study provides a detailed analysis of Cu doped NiO and their band alignment for a potential hole transport material in triple cation perovskite solar cells.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2504237"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the Charge Storage Mechanism of High-Performance LiV₃O₈ Cathode for Mn2+/H+ Hybrid Batteries Mn2+/H+混合电池高性能LiV₃O₈阴极的电荷存储机理

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504200

Jangwook Pyun, Hyungjin Lee, Hyeonjun Lee, Hyeju Kwon, Hyeongseok Lee, Seung-Tae Hong, Woo-Jae Lee, Munseok S. Chae

{"title":"Unveiling the Charge Storage Mechanism of High-Performance LiV₃O₈ Cathode for Mn2+/H+ Hybrid Batteries","authors":"Jangwook Pyun, Hyungjin Lee, Hyeonjun Lee, Hyeju Kwon, Hyeongseok Lee, Seung-Tae Hong, Woo-Jae Lee, Munseok S. Chae","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504200","url":null,"abstract":"Mn-based energy storage systems are gaining attention as promising candidates for next-generation aqueous batteries, owing to their higher theoretical energy density and capacity compared to conventional Zn-based systems. This advantage is primarily attributed to the lower standard redox potential of the Mn anode (−1.19 V vs SHE) relative to that of Zn (−0.76 V vs SHE). In this study, an Mn2⁺/H⁺ hybrid aqueous battery system utilizing LiV₃O₈ is presented as the cathode material, which delivers a high specific capacity of 204.58 mAh g−1 and excellent capacity retention of 76.2% after 7,000 cycles. The charge storage mechanism of LiV₃O₈ is thoroughly investigated through structural characterization, as well as diffusion pathway and energy barrier analyses. Proton insertion is identified as the dominant charge carrier and is found to induce the formation of Mn(OH)₂ on the electrode surface, as confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. Notably, the Mn//LiV₃O₈ cell achieved an operating voltage of 1.1–0.2 V higher than that of the conventional Zn//LiV₃O₈ cell. This study underscores the potential of Mn2⁺/H⁺ hybrid systems as next-generation aqueous batteries and offers a comprehensive understanding of the associated reaction mechanisms, providing valuable guidance for the future design of Mn-based aqueous energy storage technologies.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailoring Pt-Ni/Fe Coordination in Single-Atom Pt/NiFe LDH With Facile Synthesis for Efficient and Long-Term Alkaline Water Electrolysis 快速合成单原子Pt/NiFe LDH中Pt- ni /Fe配位的高效和长期碱性电解

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504076

Zi-Ye Liu, Jiu-Jiu Ge, Lei Yu, Sian-Hong Ong, Lian-Jian Zhang, Ji-Ming Hu

{"title":"Tailoring Pt-Ni/Fe Coordination in Single-Atom Pt/NiFe LDH With Facile Synthesis for Efficient and Long-Term Alkaline Water Electrolysis","authors":"Zi-Ye Liu, Jiu-Jiu Ge, Lei Yu, Sian-Hong Ong, Lian-Jian Zhang, Ji-Ming Hu","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504076","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient and durable alkaline water electrolysis at industrial current densities remains a key challenge due to sluggish oxygen evolution kinetics and poor stability of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts in alkaline media. Herein, a unique Pt–Ni/Fe coordinated single-atom Pt catalyst anchored on nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (ePt/NiFe LDH), is reported synthesized via a facile electrodeposition process within 30 min. Unlike the conventional Pt-O-M (metal) coordination, the newly discovered Pt–Ni/Fe bonding structure significantly modulates the electronic structure of the NiFe active sites, thereby synergistically enhancing both HER and OER activities. Benefiting from this optimized coordination environment and the nanoflower architecture, the ePt/NiFe LDH@e-nf electrode delivers outstanding overall water splitting performance, achieving a low cell voltage of 1.42 V at 10 mA cm−2 and 1.54 V at 100 mA cm−2 without iR compensation. More importantly, it maintains ultrastable operation over 1440 h at an industrial-level current density of 500 mA cm−2, outperforming commercial Pt/C–RuO₂ benchmarks. This work demonstrates a promising strategy for designing high-performance and durable single-atom catalysts for practical alkaline water electrolysis applications.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Coverage Ce(OH)₃-Decorated NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide for Durable Seawater Oxidation at Ampere-Scale Current Densities 高覆盖Ce（OH）₃-装饰NiFe层状双氢氧化物在安培级电流密度下持久的海水氧化

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505219

Xiang Fang, Chun Ye, Weihua Zhuang, Yufan Yang, Shaohuan Hong, Shengjun Sun, Xun He, Fatma A. Ibrahim, Mohamed S. Hamdy, Feng Gong, Yongchao Yao, Xuping Sun, Wenchuang (Walter) Hu

引用次数: 0

Trace Sulfonic Acid Additives Modulate Zn2+ Transport Through SEI and Desolvation for Highly Reversible Zinc Anodes. 微量磺酸添加剂对高可逆锌阳极中Zn2+ SEI输运和脱溶的调节。

IF 13.3 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202503002

Minghai Li, Shuang Han, Qiyu Fan, Xuewen Ming, Wanan Cai, Haijun Niu, Wen Wang

引用次数: 0

Bilateral Synergistic Effects of Phototherapy-Based NIR-II Absorption Photosensitizer for Allergic Rhinitis (Small 22/2025) 基于光疗的NIR-II吸收光敏剂治疗变应性鼻炎的双侧协同作用（小22/2025）

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202570173

Tao Shao, Lu Han, Yang Xie, Zhenxiong Shi, Qilong Yang, Aojie Liu, Yi Liu, Langlang Chen, Jingman Huang, Bo Peng, Hua Bai, Hongli Chen, Lin Li, Ka Bian

引用次数: 0

Charge Capacitive Signatures at the Interface of E. coli/MOF Biohybrids to Create a Live Cell Biocapacitor (Small 22/2025) 大肠杆菌/MOF生物杂交体界面的电荷电容特征，以创建活细胞生物电容器（Small 22/2025）

IF 13 2区材料科学

Small Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202570168

Ndepana Andrew, Anthony Trofe, Eric Laws, Gayani Pathiraja, Swapna Kalkar, Tetyana Ignatova, Hemali Rathnayake

引用次数: 0

Small最新文献