Small最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic Liposome Sensing Platform to Wirelessly Ensure Nucleic Acid Encapsulation via Non-Contact Perception","authors":"Younsu Jung, Jinhwa Park, Seonghun Shin, Sunghee Kim, Bijendra Bishow Maskey, Kiran Shrestha, Jianfu Ding, Thi Thuy Vy Tran, Patrick R. L. Malenfant, Jinkee Lee, Jong-Sun Kang, Gyoujin Cho","doi":"10.1002/smll.202409949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202409949","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for a high-throughput and noncontact monitoring system to guarantee the payload of nucleic acid in liposomes is rapidly increasing for raising efficiency in gene therapeutics. Herein, inspired by electroreceptors of elasmobranch fishes, a dynamic liposome sensing (DLs) platform is developed by implementing the electret layer (CYTOP)-coated single-walled carbon nanotube-based thin film transistor (<i>e</i>SWCNT-TFT) which can monitor differences of the net-charge on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-loaded liposomes. The SWCNT-TFTs are roll-to-roll (R2R) printed on plastic film and then, simply laminated by the droplet microfluidic chip to optimize the aqueous droplet lengths by controlling a ratio of injecting speed between oil to aqueous solution. The buffer solution, DNA-free liposomes, and DNA-loaded liposomes respectively induced different electrostatic potentials on <i>e</i>SWCNT-TFTs without direct contact with the electret layer, thereby shifting the threshold voltage (V_th). The DLs platform's integrated wireless communication module can monitor DNA-loaded liposome droplets with encapsulation efficiency of up to 87.3 ± 3.2% with a sensitivity of 18.61 nA ppm⁻¹ per single droplet at a flow rate of 1 µL min⁻¹. It can be scaled up by adding more microfluidic droplet channels on <i>e</i>SWCNT-TFT arrays, making it especially useful for in-situ checks of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based vaccines just before bottling.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible High Temperature Stable Hydrogel Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Structural Health Monitoring and Deep Learning Augmented Human Motion Classification","authors":"Ritu, Rahul Mitra, Peter C. Sherrell, Shadi Houshyar, Lijing Wang, Manoj Kumar Gupta, Manoj Kumar Patel","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502739","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are an emerging technology that harvests abundant vibrational energy present in ambient environment. TENGs typically rely on polymer contact interfaces, which, while ideal for wearable and flexible applications, limit their applicability in industry settings, where high-temperature plant equipment generates plentiful and wasted vibrational energy. In this study, a biocompatible PDMS-hydrogel nanocomposite TENG is fabricated, containing nanoparticles of ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH). This device demonstrates a maximum power density of 110 µW cm⁻², and nanocomposite-based TENG shows exceptional stability in terms of output voltage up to 200 °C, making it suitable for harvesting waste vibrational energy from high-temperature industrial equipment. The fabricated TENG demonstrates its potential for structural health monitoring by exhibiting distinct energy spectral changes under different wave input excitations (sinusoidal, square, and triangular) at the same frequency, signifying its potential for vibration analysis of industrial machines. With its high-temperature functionality, the device remains applicable for wearable energy harvesting and human motion monitoring, ideal for monitoring in high-temperature environments. Here, this is demonstrated via a deep learning model for classification of human motions using the TENG voltage waveforms. The combination of high-temperature stability and wearable motion monitoring enables future industrial energy harvesting and extreme environment personnel monitoring.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibiting Phase Transitions of Prussian Blue Analogs with High-Entropy Strategy for Ultralong-Life Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes","authors":"Shuhui Liu, Haixia Yu, Yue Zhao, Jiaxiang Sun, Yan He, Dingding Zhu, Zhonghan Song, Shucheng Xu, Rizhen Sun, Yunzhi Yang, Sen Tong, Runyu Zhang, Guihuan Chen, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504893","url":null,"abstract":"Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) have garnered considerable attention due to open 3D framework and high theoretical capacity. However, unfavorable phase transitions and inherent low conductivity lead to severe capacity decay and poor rate performance. Herein, the high-entropy (HE) concept is incorporated into PBAs to improve their electrochemical properties. By introducing four inert elements sharing N coordination site with Fe, the high-entropy Na_x(FeCuNiMgZn)[Fe(CN)₆] (HEPBA) is constructed. The developed high-entropy Prussian blue analog (HEPBA) exhibits high specific capacity with cyclic stability, stable operation 2000 cycles at 1C, and superior rate performance. Experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate that this high-entropy design not only effectively inhibits phase transitions and reinforces structural stability but also activates the redox activity of low-spin-state Fe centers. Simultaneously, it can improve sodium-ion diffusion by optimizing pathways and reducing energy barriers, ultimately enhancing overall performance. This strategy provides an innovative perspective that synergistically optimizes specific capacity, structural stability, and rate performance in PBAs.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary Dual-Ligands Resurfacing CsPbI3 Perovskite Quantum Dots for High-Performance Solar Cells","authors":"Xinyi Mei, Bainian Ren, Junming Qiu, Zhimei Sun, Xiaoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504748","url":null,"abstract":"CsPbI₃ perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) emerge as promising optoelectronic materials for photovoltaics due to their high photoluminescence quantum yields and solution processability. However, the dynamic binding of long-chain ligands on the PQD surface generally induces numerous surface defects, which severely degrade the optoelectronic properties and stability of PQDs, to a large extent limiting the photovoltaic performance and operational stability of PQD solar cells (PQDSCs). Herein, a complementary dual-ligand reconstruction strategy is proposed to resurface the PQDs, in which the trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate and phenylethyl ammonium iodide can form a complementary dual-ligand system on the PQD surface through hydrogen bonds. The results reveal that the complementary dual-ligand system can not only stabilize the surface lattice of PQDs maintaining their good dispersion in the colloidal solution but also largely improve the inter-dot electronic coupling in the PQD solids. As a consequence, the PQDs demonstrate substantially improved optoelectronic properties and environmental stability, as well as a more uniform stacking orientation in the PQD solids, leading to a record high efficiency of up to 17.61% being realized in inorganic PQDSCs. This work provides a new avenue for the surface ligand engineering of PQDs for high-performance optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Imaging of Co-CUK-1 Framework with H2O Guests","authors":"Dong-Hwan Yang, Minjeong Kim, Jinyoung Ko, Gi-Yeop Kim, Hyung Gyu Park, Sarah S. Park, Kyung Ho Cho, Ji Sun Lee, Jong-San Chang, U-Hwang Lee, Ryo Ishikawa, Naoya Shibata, Yousung Jung, Jonghwan Kim, Teruyasu Mizoguchi, Si-Young Choi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411292","url":null,"abstract":"The flexible architectural design of metal clusters and organic ligands attributes Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as one of the most versatile materials. Host-guest interactions contribute to this versatility, highlighting the need for a fundamental understanding of host frame-guest molecule units. Herein, <i>ab-initio</i> calculations elucidate the spatial distribution of H₂O guest molecules (guests) within [101] honeycomb channel of Co-CUK-1, where the H₂O guests are 1D aligned with the highest superposition density. In situ heating Raman spectroscopy demonstrates that H₂O guests within the Co-CUK-1 frame behave like a vapor phase, maintaining phase stability even when heated to 120 °C. Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) enables the identification of both the Co-CUK-1 frame and the H₂O guests in [101] honeycomb channel. Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM) further reveals the intrinsic insulative nature of the Co-CUK-1 frame, along with extrinsic in-gap states caused by H₂O adsorption. By integrating <i>ab-initio</i> calculations, in situ heating Raman spectroscopy, and atomic-scale investigations via STEM and CLEM, this study establishes a comprehensive structural analysis of MOFs—materials that are highly versatile yet extremely sensitive to electron beam exposure.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Solar-Powered Water-Splitting Performance of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂ Composite with Synergistically Interacted Heterointerfaces Under Platinum Cocatalysis.","authors":"Fanfan Gao, Wei Li, Wen Duan, Guocheng Liao, Chuanyi Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202503677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202503677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perovskite-phase Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ (BTO) is recognized as a potential candidate for solar-powered water-splitting due to its special conduction-band and valence-band positions. However, due to its broadband defect and surface chemical inertness, it is difficult to obtain outstanding water-splitting performance under photoirradiation. Herein, a donor-acceptor system with synergistically interacted heterointerface is constructed by growing TiO₂ nanoparticles on BTO microspheres, and an internal high-speed electron transfer channel is established to improve the photoelectric property under the electronic interaction of surface Pt nanocatalyst. Due to the excellent broadband-light harvesting capacity, significantly accelerated photoexciton separation/transfer, and introduction of abundant active sites, it effectively hindered the photoexciton recombination, thereby ≈3093.16 µmol·g^-1·h^-1 of H₂O-to-H₂ rate (pH = 11) and 673.85 µmol·g^-1·h^-1 of H₂O-to-O₂ rate (pH = 4) are achieved under simulated sunlight irradiation, reaching ≈0.1062% of solar-to-exciton utilization efficiency, which obviously outperformed the majority of recently reported photocatalysts. After a process of PVDF-networked membrane, a stable water-splitting activity is maintained during 10 cycles (50 h) due to the reinforced organic-inorganic interface and convenient separation/recovery property. This study proposes a valuable strategy for improving the water-splitting performance of BTO-based photocatalyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":" ","pages":"e2503677"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and Electrical Transport Properties of NASICON type Na3Zr2 − xTixSi2PO12 (x = 0.1–0.4) Solid Electrolyte Materials","authors":"Ramcharan Meena, Rajendra S. Dhaka","doi":"10.1002/smll.202501197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202501197","url":null,"abstract":"The structural, resistivity, impedance, and dielectric studies of isovalent substituted Na&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;Zr&lt;sub&gt;2 − &lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Ti&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Si&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt; = 0.1–0.4) NASICON type solid electrolyte materials is reported. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns shows the monoclinic phase with space group of C 2/c for all the samples. The resistivity analysis shows the Arrhenius-type thermal conduction with an increase in activation energy with doping is explained based on decreased unit cell volume. Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) relaxation and space charge or interfacial polarization models are used to explain the frequency and temperature-dependent variations of electric permittivity. The double relaxation peaks in the dielectric loss data show the two types of relaxation mechanisms of different activation energy. The real (&lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/d24610dc-331d-4c25-88c5-155c8657b1d6/smll202501197-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"2\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/smll202501197-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"greekletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"epsilon prime\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"greekletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mi&gt;&lt;mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.363em;\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"prime\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\" size=\"s\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mo&gt;&lt;/mjx-script&gt;&lt;/mjx-msup&gt;&lt;/mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;/mjx-math&gt;&lt;mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"&gt;&lt;math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:16136810:media:smll202501197:smll202501197-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/smll202501197-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;msup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic-role=\"greekletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"epsilon prime\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"greekletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"prime\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\"&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;$epsilon ^{{prime }}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/mjx-assistive-mml&gt;&lt;/mjx-container&gt;) and imaginary (&lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/3bba692c-f522-4dad-834d-26ad41237059/smll202501197-math-0002.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"3\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/smll202501197-math","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaxial-Nanocables Constructed Flexible Aptasensor for Ultrafast Blood-Drop Detection of Prostate Cancer","authors":"Xueli Yuan, Xinxin Liu, Mengjiao Zhu, Wei Zhang, Tao Liu, Ying Xie, Zhenyu Chu, Wanqin Jin","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504714","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer for male health with ultrahigh recurrence rates to cause high mortality. However, clinical imaging and biopsy techniques suffer the bulky testing equipment and high cost, and blood assay requires blood pretreatment before analysis to significantly restrict home-in self-examination and postoperative follow-up of PCa. Herein, a blood-drop 4-min-test technique is designed to precisely screen PCa by a high-ordered coaxial-nanocables-based aptasensor. The electrospinning potential is employed as the driving force to regulate the distribution of mixed reduced graphene oxide and polyacrylonitrile from disorder to highly order to large-scale weave coaxial nanocables-based films. This architecture has contributed abundant active DNA bonding sites and served as 3D network electron transmission channels to dramatically amplify detection signals with short response time. Moreover, a target-induced chain release strategy is implemented to precisely capture the PCa biomarker. Furthermore, a household PCa analyzer is developed to achieve ultrafast, precise, and nonhospital assays of clinical patients within 4 min which is 30 times faster than the state-of-the-art commercial instruments. This high-performance analyzer has great potential for early screening and prognostic evaluation of PCa to benefit real-time tests for both in-hospital and nonhospital patients.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halide Ion-Modulated Chiral Synergy in Co-Assembled AIEgen-CNC Composites for Circularly Polarized Luminescence","authors":"Juan Shao, Yongxin Chang, Hao Wang, Haijuan Qin, Qiongya Li, Ting Yang, Mingliang Tang, Guoxiong Wang, Shuai Chen, Guangyan Qing","doi":"10.1002/smll.202502383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202502383","url":null,"abstract":"Pursuing innovative modulation strategies and high asymmetry factors (<i>g</i>_lum) remains a cornerstone in developing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. Conventional approaches employ either bottom-up chiral small molecule self-assembly or top-down co-assembly of achiral luminophores with supramolecular chiral templates (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), liquid crystals). These templates act as pre-engineered “molds” to align achiral emitters within chiral matrices. However, co-assembling chiral small molecules with such templates remains underexplored, challenged by complex protocols and limited assembly control, raising fundamental questions about supramolecular chiral interplay. Herein, we elucidate the co-assembly and interplay between chiral aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules (PN-Phe halides) and CNCs. Halide ions (F^–, Cl^–, Br^–, and PF₆^–) profoundly modulate PN-Phe self-assembly, dictating distinct morphologies, packing, chiroptical signals, fluorescent quantum yields (QY), and lifetimes. PN-Phe-Cl^– exhibits the highest <i>g</i>_lum (−4.1 × 10⁻³), versus PN-Phe-Br^– (−2.8 × 10⁻³). Strikingly, co-assembly into CNC-PVA-PN-Phe-X- (CPP-X-) composite films reverse this trend: CPP-Cl^– achieves an exceptional <i>g</i>_lum of −0.43, contrasting sharply with CPP-Cl^– (−3.1 × 10⁻²). The multiple color variations and potential application in anti-counterfeiting demonstrate the advantages of this co-assembly strategy. This work highlights the significant role of assembly patterns in constructing advanced CPL materials, revealing that halide ions could serve as effective modulators for CPL.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Electrolyte Additives for Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries: Functional Mechanisms, Interfacial Engineering, and Dendrite Suppression Strategies","authors":"Xiaonan Zhu, Yi Ding, Xiaolin Wen, Chan Song, Chengang Pei, Guanyao Wang","doi":"10.1002/smll.202504123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202504123","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) represent a transformative advancement in sustainable energy storage, offering inherent safety and scalability. However, Zn metal anodes face critical challenges, including dendrite proliferation and parasitic side reactions driven by aqueous electrolytes. This review comprehensively examines electrolyte additive engineering as a strategic approach to stabilize Zn electrochemistry. By categorizing additives based on their functional mechanisms, their roles in modulating ion transport, interfacial dynamics, and deposition behavior are elucidated. Key strategies include electrostatic shielding to homogenize ion distribution, crystallographic orientation control to inhibit dendrite growth, solvation structure modification to reduce water reactivity, and in situ interface engineering to construct protective layers. Additional approaches address hydrogen evolution and pH instability through electrolyte restructuring and buffering effects. The synergistic interplay of these mechanisms highlights the multifunctional potential of additives in enhancing cycling stability and reversibility. Further, emerging trends such as dynamic self-healing interfaces, multi-additive formulations, and extreme-condition adaptability are critically assessed, underscoring the need for advanced characterization tools to decode complex interfacial processes. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on sustainable additive design, emphasizing application-driven innovations. By bridging fundamental insights with practical scalability, this work aims to accelerate the development of high-performance AZMBs for next-generation energy storage systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}