Sumin Jot, Abdullah M. Zyarah, S. Kurinec, K. Ni, F. Zohora, D. Kudithipudi
{"title":"FeFET-Based Neuromorphic Architecture with On-Device Feedback Alignment Training","authors":"Sumin Jot, Abdullah M. Zyarah, S. Kurinec, K. Ni, F. Zohora, D. Kudithipudi","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137035","url":null,"abstract":"With the onset of on-device learning in neuromorphic systems, there are a requisition for compute-lite learning rules and novel emerging devices that address the memory bottleneck. In this research, we propose a neuromorphic architecture with FeFET synapse arrays and study the efficacy of write schemes for feedback alignment backpropagation algorithm. The proposed architecture is benchmarked for two write programming schemes, sawtooth pulse and incremental pulse. The sawtooth write programming scheme is further simplified for resource efficient training, by sharing the pulse generator with local control circuitry across multiple neurons. When the overall architecture is benchmarked for on-device learning, we observed that both writing schemes result in comparable performance, but the sawtooth is more efficient in terms of power consumption and area.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114167482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Singh, Varshita Gupta, Anuj Grover, Kedar Janardhan Dhori
{"title":"Diagnostic Circuit for Latent Fault Detection in SRAM Row Decoder","authors":"S. Singh, Varshita Gupta, Anuj Grover, Kedar Janardhan Dhori","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136968","url":null,"abstract":"Functional safety is crucial in automotive life-critical systems. Early diagnosis of unanticipated faults and failures is necessary to prevent hazardous implications. ISO 26262, Functional Safety-Road Vehicles, is an automotive industry-specific functional safety standard that describes the course for classification, detection and control of potential risks. Electromigration induced open and short defects and Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) are critical failure mechanisms and pose severe reliability concerns as they may escape tests at fabrication and cause failures when the chip eventually wears out. This paper analyzes the independent and combined impact of partial resistive defects and BTI on row decoders at 55nm technology node. The presence of resistive defects causes an additional delay which gets further increased due to aging (BTI). Due to the combined impact of 10 years of aging and a $25mathrm{K}Omega$ resistive defect, the activation delay increases by about 16.15% and the deactivation delay increases by about 22.14%. A novel technology-agnostic diagnostic test circuit and method is proposed to detect small resistive defects as low as $5mathrm{K}Omega$ before they can result in functional failure.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124081931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rethinking FPGA Security in the New Era of Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Xiaolin Xu, Jiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136974","url":null,"abstract":"With various possible attacks against commercial electronic devices reported over the past few decades, the security of hardware devices and systems has become an urgent problem. Accordingly, a large number of solutions and countermeasures have been explored to mitigate these attacks. Artificial intelligence, as one of the fastest-growing research areas, also makes a unique impact on the landscape of vulnerabilities and countermeasures of hardware. As a vital subset of artificial intelligence, machine learning algorithms are found of great use in hardware security from both constructive and destructive perspectives. In this paper, we provide a survey of such double-edged sword impact of machine learning techniques on the security of hardware. In particular, we focus on the discussion of FPGA security. We enumerate both countermeasures and attacks based on pure machine learning algorithms, as well as the integration of machine learning and other methods, such as side-channel analysis. In addition, we also discuss the security concerns of FPGAs when they are used as carriers or accelerators for machine learning algorithms. Specifically, we present the security issues of FPGAs in two different application scenarios: 1) as a standalone computing resource and 2) as a public-leased computing resource shared by multiple users.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125358488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the Twentyfirst International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/isqed48828.2020.9137028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed48828.2020.9137028","url":null,"abstract":"ISQED 2020 is held with technical sponsorship from the IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS), IEEE Reliability Society, and in cooperation with the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CAS) and the ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automation (ACM/sigDA). ISQED 2020 is produced and sponsored by the International Society for Quality Electronic Design (www.isqed.com).","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128484695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Copyright notice]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/isqed48828.2020.9137048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed48828.2020.9137048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limit of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For other copying, reprint or republication permission, write to IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Operations Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134543036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracting Power Signature from Low Dropout Voltage Regulator for IoT Security","authors":"D. Thompson, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9136971","url":null,"abstract":"Power analysis or power fingerprinting has been demonstrated as a potent tool to detect malicious operation or adversary attacks. However, current methods to extract power traces used in power fingerprinting typically require the use of bulky and power hungry bench equipment, which prevents integrating the power analysis method in miniature IoT devices. This work presents a novel method to extract the power signature of IoT devices. The proposed method takes advantage of the digital control signals of digital LDO circuits and generates the power signature with simple circuits. The proposed circuits can be integrated into digital LDO chips and hence is suitable for IoT applications.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115238193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimitrios Garyfallou, Ioannis Tsiokanos, N. Evmorfopoulos, G. Stamoulis, G. Karakonstantis
{"title":"Accurate Estimation of Dynamic Timing Slacks using Event-Driven Simulation","authors":"Dimitrios Garyfallou, Ioannis Tsiokanos, N. Evmorfopoulos, G. Stamoulis, G. Karakonstantis","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137017","url":null,"abstract":"The pessimistic nature of conventional static timing analysis has turned the attention of many studies to the exploitation of the dynamic data-dependent excitation of paths. Such studies may have revealed extensive dynamic timing slacks (DTS), however, they rely on frameworks that inherently make worst-case assumptions and still ignore some data-dependent timing properties. This may cause significant DTS underestimation, leading to unexploited frequency scaling margins and incorrect timing failure estimation. In this paper, we develop a framework based on event-driven timing simulation that identifies the underestimated DTS, and evaluate its gains on various post-place-and-route designs. Experimental results show that our event-driven simulation scheme achieves on average 2.35% and up-to 194.51% DTS improvement over conventional graph-based techniques. When compared to existing frequency scaling schemes, the proposed approach enables us to further increase the clock frequency by up-to 10.42%. We also demonstrate that our approach can reveal that timing failures may be up-to $mathbf{2.94}times$ less than the ones estimated by existing failure estimation techniques, under potential variation-induced delay increase.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123950614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Bit Read and Write Methodologies for Diode-MTJ Crossbar Array","authors":"Mohammad Nasim Imtiaz Khan, Swaroop Ghosh","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137015","url":null,"abstract":"Crossbar arrays using emerging Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies offer high density, fast access speed and low-power. However, the bandwidth of the crossbar is limited to single-bit read/write per access to avoid the selection of undesirable bits. In this work, we propose a technique to perform multi-bit read and write in a diode-MTJ (Magnetic Tunnel Junction) crossbar array. The simulation shows that the biasing voltage of half-selected cells can be adjusted to improve the sense margin during read which in turn, reduces the sneak path through the half-selected cells. Results indicate biasing the half-selected cells by 700mV can enable reading as much as 512bits while sustaining 512×512 crossbar with 2.04 years retention. During write operation, the half-selected cells are biased with a pulse voltage source in addition to V/2 scheme which increases the write latency of these cells and enables writing 2 bits while keeping the half-selected bits undisturbed. The 2bit writing requires pulsing by 50mV to optimize energy.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122521780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Securing Scan Obfuscation Strategies Against ScanSAT Attack","authors":"R. Karmakar, S. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISQED48828.2020.9137003","url":null,"abstract":"Logic encryption is a potential solution to the ever-increasing problem of IP piracy and counterfeiting. However, most of the logic encryption techniques are vulnerable to the powerful SAT attack. One possible way to prevent SAT attack on sequential circuits is to restrict the controllability and observability of the internal states of the flip-flop by obfuscating the scan operation. However, a recent attack called ScanSAT can break these scan obfuscation guided defense mechanisms. In this paper, we propose to integrate a lightweight test authentication mechanism with such baseline SAT preventive strategies, which enables us to withstand the threat of the ScanSAT attack. We have shown the strength of our approach by integrating it with Encrypt Flip-Flop, a recent scan obfuscation guided SAT preventive approach. The proposed approach not only protects the IP of the design but also offers protection against scan-based side channel attacks at a much lower cost compared to the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":225828,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130628516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}