StructurePub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.018
Yueyue Shen, Zheng Jiang, Rong Liu
{"title":"Dynamic integration of feature- and template-based methods improves the prediction of conformational B cell epitopes","authors":"Yueyue Shen, Zheng Jiang, Rong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate prediction of conformational epitopes promotes our understanding of antigen-antibody interactions. All existing algorithms depend on a feature-based strategy, which limits their performance. A template-based strategy can provide complementary information, and the interplay between these two strategies could improve the prediction of epitopes. Here, we present DynaBCE, a dynamic ensemble algorithm to effectively identify conformational B cell epitopes (BCEs). Using novel handcrafted structural descriptors and embeddings from protein language models, we developed machine learning and deep learning modules based on boosting algorithms and geometric graph neural networks, respectively. Furthermore, we built a template module by leveraging known structural template information and transformer-based algorithms to capture binding signatures. Finally, we integrated the three modules using a dynamic weighting approach to maximize the strength of each module for different samples. DynaBCE achieved promising results for both native and predicted structures and outperformed previous methods as demonstrated in various evaluation scenarios.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.017
Aldrex Munsayac, Wellington C. Leite, Jesse B. Hopkins, Ian Hall, Hugh M. O’Neill, Sarah C. Keane
{"title":"Selective deuteration of an RNA:RNA complex for structural analysis using small-angle scattering","authors":"Aldrex Munsayac, Wellington C. Leite, Jesse B. Hopkins, Ian Hall, Hugh M. O’Neill, Sarah C. Keane","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"The structures of RNA:RNA complexes regulate many biological processes. Despite their importance, protein-free RNA:RNA complexes represent a tiny fraction of experimentally determined structures. Here, we describe a joint small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS/SANS) approach to structurally interrogate conformational changes in a model RNA:RNA complex. Using SAXS, we measured the solution structures of the individual RNAs and of the overall RNA:RNA complex. With SANS, we demonstrate, as a proof of principle, that isotope labeling and contrast matching (CM) can be combined to probe the bound state structure of an RNA within a selectively deuterated RNA:RNA complex. Furthermore, we show that experimental scattering data can validate and improve predicted AlphaFold 3 RNA:RNA complex structures to reflect its solution structure. Our work demonstrates that <em>in silico</em> modeling, SAXS, and CM-SANS can be used in concert to directly analyze conformational changes within RNAs when in complex, enhancing our understanding of RNA structure in functional assemblies.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.016
Kristine Bourke Arnvig, Finn Werner
{"title":"Transcription termination—Some like it hot","authors":"Kristine Bourke Arnvig, Finn Werner","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"In this issue of <em>Structure</em>, Dikunova et al.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> report the structure of the trimeric torpedo complex, the key factor responsible for transcription termination by RNA polymerase II R(NAPII) at the end of protein-encoding genes. The comparison between meso- and thermophilic torpedoes provides intriguing insights into thermal adaptions and mechanisms of termination.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.009
Hijai R. Shin, Roberto Zoncu
{"title":"Illuminating cholesterol-mTORC1 signaling: LYCHOS in focus","authors":"Hijai R. Shin, Roberto Zoncu","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent issue of <em>Nature</em>, Bayly-Jones et al.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> report the first cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the lysosomal transmembrane protein LYCHOS, which mediates cholesterol sensing by mTORC1. LYCHOS forms a homodimer, with cholesterol engagement at the transporter-GPCR domain interface, coupled to auxin binding at the transporter-like domain, suggesting multi-domain coordination as critical for cholesterol sensing.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.013
Philipp Schönnenbeck, Benedikt Junglas, Carsten Sachse
{"title":"CryoVIA: An image analysis toolkit for the quantification of membrane structures from cryo-EM micrographs","authors":"Philipp Schönnenbeck, Benedikt Junglas, Carsten Sachse","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"Imaging of lipid structures and associated protein complexes using cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a common visualization and structure determination technique. The quantitative analysis of the membrane structures, however, is not routine and time consuming in particular when large amounts of data are involved. Here, we introduce the automated image-processing software <em>cryo-vesicle image analyzer</em> (CryoVIA) that parametrizes lipid structures of large datasets from cryo-EM images. This toolkit combines segmentation, structure identification with methods to automatically perform a large-scale data analysis of local and global membrane properties such as bilayer thickness, size, and curvature including membrane shape classifications. We included analyses of exemplary datasets of different lipid compositions and protein-induced lipid changes through an endosomal sorting complexes required for transport III (ESCRT-III) membrane remodeling protein. The toolkit opens new possibilities to systematically study structural properties of membrane structures and their modifications from cryo-EM images.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.006
Haitao Yang, Lu Zhang, Quan Wang, Jun Li, Xiuna Yang, Yan Gao, Bing Zhang
{"title":"The Anti-TB Structural Center at ShanghaiTech University","authors":"Haitao Yang, Lu Zhang, Quan Wang, Jun Li, Xiuna Yang, Yan Gao, Bing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"In this Voices article, we introduce seven group leaders from the Anti-TB Structure Center (ATSC) in Shanghai, which was opened in 2020. The scientists at ATSC closely collaborate with the goal of identifying new drug targets and developing novel therapeutics against tuberculosis, COVID-19, and other infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.015
Sarah Pellizzari, Erhu Cao
{"title":"Epithelial sodium channels assemble in an orderly manner: Biology does not play dice","authors":"Sarah Pellizzari, Erhu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"In this issue of <em>Structure</em>, Houser et al.<span><span><sup>1</sup></span></span> report cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of two atypical forms of the heterotrimeric epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in which either a δ or a β subunit assembles with one β and one γ subunit. These structures shed light on the molecular principles that govern the assembly of distinct ENaC trimers.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
StructurePub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2025.01.014
Benjamin J. Lane, Mariangela Dionysopoulou, Nana Yan, Jonathan D. Lippiat, Stephen P. Muench, Christos Pliotas
{"title":"The mechanosensitive channel YbiO has a conductance equivalent to the largest gated-pore","authors":"Benjamin J. Lane, Mariangela Dionysopoulou, Nana Yan, Jonathan D. Lippiat, Stephen P. Muench, Christos Pliotas","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial mechanosensitive channels are divided into large (MscL) and small (MscS-like) conductance families. The function of MscS and MscL is to protect cells against osmotic shock by acting as pressure safety valves. Within the MscS-like family, <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> encodes much larger channels, such as YbiO, MscK, and MscM, but their physiological role remains unclear. Compared to MscL their conductances are reported as 3–10 times lower. We show that YbiO can achieve a conductance of ∼3 nS, and an equivalent pore opening of > 25 Å in diameter, equaling the known largest gated pore, MscL. We determine a cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of YbiO in a sub-open conformation, demonstrating the existence of multiple substates. One substate is consistent with the pore opening extent of our structure and the other matches states previously thought to resemble full openings. Our findings demonstrate surprising capabilities, hinting at new physiological roles for YbiO and potentially other MscS-like channels.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structures of a T1-like siphophage reveal capsid stabilization mechanisms and high structural similarities with a myophage","authors":"Can Cai, Yueting Wang, Yunshu Liu, Qianqian Shao, Aohan Wang, Lin Li, Yaqi Zheng, Tianyi Zhang, Ziwen Luo, Chongguang Yang, Qianglin Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriophage T1, a member of Siphoviruses, infects <em>Escherichia coli</em> with high efficiency, making it a promising candidate for phage therapy. Here, we report the near-atomic structures of FCWL1, a T1-like phage that belongs to the T1 phage family. We focus on the head, the head-to-tail interface, and its surrounding components. The hexameric capsomer displays unique gaps between neighboring A domains of the major capsid proteins. These gaps are partially filled by the N-loop of the decoration protein, which adopts a unique conformation. These structural features suggest that the phage might employ a novel strategy for stabilizing its head. Furthermore, despite being a siphophage, the head and head-to-tail connector of the phage show high structural similarity to those of a myophage. These findings enhance our understanding of the structure, capsid stabilization mechanism, and evolution of phages in the T1 family.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct effect of membrane environment on the activation of mGluR2 revealed by single-molecule FRET","authors":"Chiranjib Banerjee, Brandon Wey-Hung Liauw, Reza Vafabakhsh","doi":"10.1016/j.str.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"The microenvironment of membrane receptors controls their mobility, structure, interactions, and dynamics, but a systematic understanding of how it modulates receptor function is often lacking. Using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET), we characterized how detergents and cholesterol modulate the conformational dynamics of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2), a class C G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). We found that, within the resolution of our measurements, all tested detergents stabilize the same overall active and inactive structure of different domains of mGluR2. However, the degree of stabilization and the equilibrium between active and inactive conformations depended on the detergent. Detergents with a single hydrophobic tail increased the active state occupancy compared to those with long, branched tails. Adding cholesterol to micelles with branched hydrophobic tails shifted the equilibrium toward the inactive state. Mutagenesis identified residues potentially involved in cholesterol interaction with mGluR2. Targeting the cholesterol-binding site with synthetic molecules could be a viable therapeutic approach.","PeriodicalId":22168,"journal":{"name":"Structure","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}