Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the challenges faced by generic version of complex drugs: a scoping review.","authors":"Amatha Sreedevi, Elstin Anbu Raj, D Sreedhar, Virendra S Ligade","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02931-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02931-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complex generics can be defined by their complex active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), formulations, dosage forms, routes of administration, and drug device combinations which significantly pose challenges in scientific advancement and regulatory approvals. The present review aims to investigate, identify, and classify the critical challenges faced by different stakeholders and the strategies adopted to address these challenges across the developmental stage till the post-approval phases of complex generics.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for the Scoping Reviews Extension for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines for the systematic search conducted across various databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science (January 1, 2014, to August 22, 2024). English language articles that addressed various challenges as well as innovative strategic approaches were included in the study. Two authors independently reviewed the retrieved papers to reduce the possibility of bias. The screening was performed based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1718 studies were retrieved from the database searches, from which 24 met the eligibility criteria. The selected articles were from the USA, the European Union, India, Russia, Taiwan, China, and Malaysia. The formulation challenges (17 articles), analytical challenges (19 articles), clinical challenges (18 articles), critical process parameter-related challenges (17 articles), critical quality attribute-related challenges (19 articles), and regulatory challenges (21 articles) were the major challenges of complex generics. The use of advanced sophisticated analytical equipment as well as orthogonal bioanalytical testing, the implementation of a dynamic regulatory cross-checking system, the development and use of machine learning and artificial intelligence tools, and the development of quality-by-design approaches and models have been recognized as the best methods for addressing these challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review addresses critical gap by providing a systematic summary of stakeholder-reported barriers and novel mitigation approaches in the complex generics domain. It highlights the urgent need for harmonized global regulatory guidelines, advance analytical tools, and strategic stakeholder collaboration to hasten the development and availability of high-quality complex generics.</p><p><strong>Scoping review registration: </strong>The review was not registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The HIV care and treatment cascade of adolescents and young adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.","authors":"Patricia Silinda, Alfred Musekiwa, Clarence Yah","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02941-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02941-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS called for the end of the HIV pandemic by 2030 by setting the 95-95-95 HIV cascade targets. This cascade is used to monitor the progress of different populations in different settings. The progress of adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) toward these targets remains unknown. We propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the proportion of AYA retained at each step of the HIV care cascade in SSA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Studies published between 2015 to date that reported on the HIV care cascade among AYA in SSA will be included. The following databases will be searched: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, African Index Medicus (AIM), African Journals Online (AJOL), SABINET African Journals, HINARI (for institutional access to global journals) and University institutional repositories and gray literature sources will be searched. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, assess the full texts for eligibility, and extract data. Disagreements will be resolved by consensus and consultation with a third reviewer. The number and proportion of AYA retained in the HIV care cascade from HIV diagnosis, initiation of ART, and viral suppression will be used for the meta-analysis. Random-effect statistical models will be used to estimate the pooled proportion of AYA retained at each step of the cascade. The results will be graphically represented via forest plots. Variability across studies will be assessed via heterogeneity test statistics (I²).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence and identify gaps in the treatment cascade. The findings of this meta-analysis provide guidance for designing a framework to improve the care and treatment of AYA living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration number CRD42024561024.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation for ulcerative colitis: protocol for an umbrella review of systematic reviews.","authors":"Jinke Huang, Jing Tang, Zezheng Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Fengyun Wang, Xudong Tang, Xia Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02926-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02926-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A growing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) based on randomized clinical trials have been carried out to assess the efficacy of fecal flora transplantation (FMT) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). An overview of SRs/MAs will be conducted with the aim of systematically compiling, evaluating, and synthesizing the evidence regarding FMT for UC. This is a protocol for an overview of SRs/MAs. We will search eight public electronic databases for the studies of FMT on UC. SRs/MAs of clinical trials evaluating the effect of FMT on UC will be included. Two independent authors will screen titles and abstracts retrieved in the literature search and select reviews meeting the eligibility criteria for full-text review. The methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included studies will be assessed, using, respectively, the AMSTAR-2 tool, PRISMA checklists, and GRADE system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From this study, the methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included SRs/MAs will be evaluated. We will also evaluate the efficacy of FMT in patients with UC.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>We will ascertain the efficacy of FMT in UC patients to provide evidence to guide the treatment of UC with FMT in the future.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>As a secondary study based on SRs/MAs, this study does not contain any individual patient information or violate participant rights. It is therefore not necessary to obtain ethics approval. We will report our findings in peer-reviewed journals or disseminate them at relevant conferences.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>Systematic review registration. PROSPERO CRD42023388682.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal intensive care unit discharge education interventions and their effects on maternal sensitivity and neurocognitive development of premature infants: a protocol for a systematic review.","authors":"Laidi Sulemani Msisiri, Nahya Salim Masoud, Golden Mwakibo Masika, Elizabeth Francis Msoka","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02907-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02907-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premature babies often suffer fatal respiratory complications due to physiological brain immaturity and insufficient levels of surfactants in the lungs. To ensure their physiological stability and prevent perinatal death, all premature babies are recommended to receive enhanced life-saving care and monitoring in a neonatal intensive care unit. However, long-term hospital stays in the NICU may result in suboptimal mother-infant bonding, neonatal distress, neurological deficits, and severe psychosocial and behavioral complications. Research suggests that early intervention and comprehensive post-discharge health education can effectively support mothers and thus reduce these poor outcomes. However, there is significant variation in the design of interventions, the key components, the timing, and the measurement of the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review will examine the educational discharge interventions provided to mothers whose babies were born below 37 weeks and admitted to the NICU. The review will include a search of studies in the EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, PubMed, and SCOPUS databases. We will include RCTs and controlled quasi-experimental studies published in English from the database's inception to November 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for quasi-experimental research and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB-1) for RCTs will be used to evaluate the risk of bias. Data extraction will be done by two independent reviewers using Covidence software. Data synthesis will be done using the modified narrative synthesis approach. Quantitative data reported in three or more studies will be pooled for meta-analysis using IBM SPSS version 29. To determine the magnitude of the effect size of the intervention, we will compute odds ratios and weighted mean differences, along with their respective 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This systematic review will examine the impact of health education interventions in neonatal intensive care mothers on maternal bonding and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes. The results will inform the development of the most effective discharge education program, focusing on maternal-infant interaction, maternal sensitivity, and infant neural cognitive development for mothers of preterm infants graduating from the NICU.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024575785.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising general practice support for autistic adults: a realist review protocol.","authors":"Kelly Birtwell, Claire Planner, Tracy Epton, Emma Gowen, Emily Corsellis, Monique Botha, Sophie Longley, Ghafaria Khan, Cathy Stratton, Geoff Wong","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02936-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02936-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental and physical health conditions are more common in autistic than non-autistic people, including anxiety, depression, suicidality, gastrointestinal problems, cancer, epilepsy, and heart disease. General practice is often the first point of contact for patients, yet research has found that autistic people face barriers to healthcare, report lower satisfaction with healthcare, and have more unmet health needs than non-autistic people. This can be due to misunderstandings about the needs of autistic people, different communication styles, the clinic environment, and challenges making and getting to appointments, compounded by slow dissemination of research findings. Our aim is to find out how, why, and to what extent general practice supports autistic adults with and without intellectual disabilities (ID) throughout their lives, in order to suggest improvements to practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We will conduct a realist review which is a theory-driven systematic review. Electronic databases will be searched including MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, Scopus, ASSIA and grey literature sources (e.g. Google Scholar). To be included articles must concern general practice, autistic adults aged 18 and over, contain information relevant to a UK setting, and be written in English. Any study design or article type may be included and articles will be assessed for relevance and rigour. In line with realist synthesis methods we will identify relevant contexts, mechanisms and outcomes and develop a programme theory to explain how, why, and when general practice optimally supports (or not) autistic adults. We will also seek to identify resources that are available for and used by general practice to support autistic adults. We will involve stakeholders in each stage of the review including autistic individuals, family members, and healthcare professionals (including general practice staff). The review will be reported in line with the RAMESES publication standards.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings will inform guidance for i) general practice about potentially helpful adaptations to service, and ii) autistic people to help them gain the support they need. This will help to improve access to and engagement with general practice care, and thus potentially improve the health and wellbeing of autistic individuals.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024545403.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-harm and suicide in prisons in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review of prevalence and risk factors.","authors":"Maha Aon, Marie Brasholt, Joanne Khabsa, Rohan Borschmann","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02880-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02880-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is a leading cause of death in prisons, and documented rates of self-harm (an established risk factor for suicide) are disproportionately higher in prisons than in the general population. However, research to date has focused largely on high-income countries, and as patterns of suicide and self-harm vary across cultures, there is an urgent need for research examining these phenomena in prisons in low- and middle-income countries. This review will synthesize findings from the published literature regarding the prevalence of, and risk factors for, suicide and self-harm among incarcerated persons in prisons in low- and middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We will search six electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS), and Global Index Medicus) for studies published in any language from database inception until 1 March 2024 reporting the prevalence and/or risk factors for self-harm and/or suicide in prisons in low- and middle-income countries (as defined by the World Bank). Grey literature will be identified by searching Google, Proquest, the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), and websites such as CADTH's Grey Matters. We will not restrict eligibility by age, gender, sentence type, or sentence duration. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NoS) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists for prevalence and qualitative studies. Data addressing prevalence and incidence will be synthesized in narrative and graphic format. If sufficient data addressing risk factors for suicide and self-harm are identified, they will be meta-analyzed using the pooled adjusted odds ratio (with 95% confidence intervals). Sensitivity analysis will be conducted as appropriate. Meta-biases such as publication and outcome reporting bias will be assessed. Finally, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) will be used to assess the certainty of evidence collected in this systematic review.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings from this review will contribute to strengthening our understanding of self-harm and suicide in carceral settings in low- and middle-income countries and may be used to inform prevention efforts. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Our systematic review protocol is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42022382012).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting fibroblast activation protein overexpression in the overall survival rate of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Majid Janani, Amirhoushang Poorkhani, Mirmohammadhosseinaali Sharifiandavaei, Zahra Akbari, Khalil Pourkhalili, Saeed Golfiroozi, Taghi Amiriani, Arash Tahmasebifar, Farahnazsadat Ahmadi, Yalda Jorjanisorkhankalateh, Morad Roudbaraki, Vahid Khori, Ali Mohammad Alizadeh","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02929-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02929-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-α) is a vital surface marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and its high expression is associated with distant metastasis. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to predict the role of FAP-α overexpression in the overall survival rate of cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis were first performed on studies published in online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, based on the PRISMA framework. We focused on all cancer patients with reported FAP-α expression levels and survival rate outcomes. Two reviewers independently conducted study selection and data extraction, and discrepancies were resolved through group discussion. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were then calculated by the fixed-effect and random-effects models to determine the association between FAP-α with crude HR (univariable), adjusted HR (multivariable), progression-free survival, and disease-free survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-one studies were included in the systematic review, and 25 were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that high FAP-α expression was associated with the pooled HR for overall survival (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.19-1.85, P < 0.001) and HR of 1.53 in studies that reported the adjusted effect of high FAP-α expression on overall survival (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.03, P = 0.003), and HR of 1.36 for disease-free survival (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.750-2.469, P = 0.31). In addition, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were significant factors and had pooled HRs of 2.053 (95% CI: 1.603-2.630, P < 0.001) and 2.630 (95% CI: 1.902-3.637, P < 0.001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that cancer patients with FAP-α overexpression had a significant association with poor overall survival. Incorporating FAP-α testing into cancer diagnostic protocols can help identify high-risk patients requiring more critical treatment interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of mental health illness in Nigeria: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aminu Kende Abubakar, Mohammed Nakodi Yisa, Sarah Oreoluwa Olukorode, Jolaade Musa, Oluwafemi Temitayo Oyadiran, Temitayo Rebecca Okusanya, Samuel Ogunlade, Moshood Abiodun Kuyebi, Daniel Olofin, Moshood Olanrewaju Omotayo, Ajibola Ibraheem Abioye","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02934-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02934-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health disorders pose a major public health challenge worldwide, with one in eight individuals affected, particularly by anxiety and depression. In Nigeria, mental health issues are similarly prevalent, yet access to mental healthcare remains limited. Recent policy initiatives have increased governmental interest, but mental health research in Nigeria remains limited and fragmented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology to quantify the prevalence of mental health disorders in Nigeria. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and includes cross-sectional studies, surveys, and cohort studies providing prevalence data on mental disorders diagnosed by healthcare professionals or identified via validated screening tools in the country. Data sources include PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and African Journals Online (AJOL), from inception up to April 2024. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be conducted independently by multiple reviewers. A random-effects meta-analysis model will be used to synthesize data, with sensitivity and subgroup analyses to explore heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide an estimate of the prevalence of mental health disorders in Nigeria, informing future public health policy and resource allocation. These findings will contribute significantly to understanding mental health in Nigeria and support the development of effective strategies and policies.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024559090.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review protocol for the application of intersectionality in primary care research.","authors":"Sean Urwin, Harriet Bullen, Saad Abbas, Pulkit Singh, Stephanie Gillibrand, Georgia Chatzi, Philip Britteon","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02922-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02922-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Past attempts to reduce inequalities in primary care have been met with mixed success. For initiatives to reduce inequalities, it is essential that they identify the most vulnerable groups in society to prevent any future exacerbation of inequalities. Intersectionality theory provides a framework to identify these groups via the exploration of how structural forms of social marginalisation interact to generate unique forms of inequalities. Despite this, little is known about the application of intersectionality theory in primary care research. To address this limitation, we propose a scoping review to comprehensively identify applications of intersectionality in the primary care inequalities literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scoping review will be guided by Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology framework. The review will search for studies using data to investigate intersectionalities in primary care context, using: (i) multiple electronic databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, ECONLIT, PsycArticles, Social Policy and Practice, and Scopus); (ii) OpenGrey to search the grey literature; and (iii) a forward and backward citation search. All authors will independently screen studies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The proposed review will be the first to identify studies that have utilised intersectionality theory and methodologies in a primary care context. The findings will inform the design and evaluation of future primary care inequality interventions.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/h9p83/.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nourishing lung health: a meta-analysis and systematic review protocol of nutrition interventions for lung cancer patients.","authors":"Trishnee Bhurosy, Clara Lefevre, Zaymee Syeda","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02840-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02840-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving the nutrition of patients with lung cancer is a major public health concern. Malnutrition and other nutritional issues affect up to 80% of cancer patients with lung cancer and negatively impact their quality of life. Yet, there is no adequate information regarding what types of interventions are most effective for improving nutrition and survivorship outcomes in patients with lung cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis will determine the effectiveness of interventions in improving nutritional status, quality of life, and survival among patients with lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We will search the following databases and websites (from inception untill March 2025): CINAHL, MedlinePlus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. We will search for gray literature on the following websites: the American Lung Association, Lung Cancer Foundation of America, Lung Cancer Research Foundation, American Cancer Society, and the National Cancer Institute. We will include studies that used an experimental or rigorous quasi-experimental design. Two reviewers will independently screen all articles and categorize data using a data abstraction tool. The two reviewers will resolve disagreements through discussion. The risk of bias in included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 2. All statistical analyses will be conducted on STATA.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate both published and unpublished literature to determine the types of nutritional interventions that are associated with improved quality of life and survival among patients with lung cancer. In addition, it will identify strategies that can be incorporated into nutritional care protocols for patients with lung cancer to reduce their risk of malnutrition and treatment effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>The protocol has been registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID: 592,679).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}