Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Mapping the evidence on lifestyle diseases: protocol for a systematic scoping review.","authors":"Marcin Golec, Hanna Mycka, Tomasz Wieczorek, Marek Tomaszewski, Julia Suchcicka, Cezary Dmowski, Patryk Banski, Kamil Kogut, Julia Janas, Julia Bogucka, Dominika Dachnij, Amelia Kolomanska, Katarzyna Matczyszyn, Sandra Barteit","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03196-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03196-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lifestyle diseases are commonly described as conditions arising from long-term behavioural patterns, occupational exposures, and broader civilisational and environmental determinants. Although the term is frequently used in public health and clinical literature, its conceptual boundaries remain heterogeneous and inconsistently defined. While extensive research exists on individual non-communicable diseases and lifestyle risk factors, no comprehensive scoping review has systematically mapped how \"lifestyle diseases\" are defined, operationalised, and studied across behavioural, occupational, environmental, and technological domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This protocol outlines a systematic scoping review that aims to map the scientific literature on lifestyle diseases, identify which clinical conditions are labelled as such, examine underlying determinants and contributing factors, describe reported prevention strategies, and identify research gaps in the field. The review will be conducted following the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley, refined by Levac et al., and reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and APA PsycInfo) will be searched for peer-reviewed literature published from 1990 to the date of search execution. Eligibility criteria will be defined using a structured framework and will include studies that explicitly address or conceptualise lifestyle diseases.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings will be synthesised descriptively and presented using thematic categorisation, tabular summaries, and graphical visualisations to map disease categories, determinants, preventive approaches, and geographic distribution. This review will provide a structured overview of how lifestyle diseases are defined and studied in the scientific literature. By clarifying conceptual boundaries and identifying research gaps, the review aims to support interdisciplinary research and inform future public health investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the association between combined oral contraceptive use, selected biomarkers, and depressive episodes among premenopausal women: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Oyesanmi A Fabunmi, Gugulethu P Luthuli, Phiwayinkosi V Dludla, Bongani B Nkambule","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03197-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03197-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are widely used among premenopausal women because of their contraceptive efficacy and favourable safety profile. However, concerns remain regarding their potential association with depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder (MDD), possibly mediated through alterations in neurochemical, inflammatory, and neurotrophic biomarkers. Hence, this study aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on the link between COC and selected biomarkers associated with MDD risk and to assess whether the reported outcome is associated with the generational type of COC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review protocol was prepared following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. An extensive search will be conducted on Embase and MEDLINE through the Ovid and EBSCOhost interface. The Cochrane Library will be searched to augment relevant sources of information. Two reviewers will independently screen for eligible studies using a pre-defined criterion. The risk of bias and quality of included studies will be assessed via Cochrane risk of bias tools. The certainty of evidence will be assessed via Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Assessment (GRADE) tool.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The rate of depression among women of reproductive age remains alarming due to various factors related to childbearing, which may limit their economic contribution and full participation in societal development. As a result, some of these women may opt for the use of available contraceptive choices, such as COC, which are linked to the onset of MDD in high-risk individuals. More so, the change in hormonal milieu influences the secretion and physiologic role of histamine and other neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, among others, thereby contributing to an increased risk of MDD in premenopausal women. Thus, unravelling the role of COC in the secretions of these biomarkers and their contribution to the onset of MDD among premenopausal women is essential in filling the research gap that will provide insight and guidance when making informed decisions about the available contraceptive choices. The uniqueness of our review also extends to the focus on biomarker-based evidence of mood disorder risk in COC users, which may provide mechanistic insight and inform future risk-stratification research to assess the risk of MDD, both in and outside the clinical setting, among high-risk individuals.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42021284745.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of computerised clinical decision support systems: an overview of reviews.","authors":"Anna Katharina Böhm-Hustede, Johanna Sophie Lubasch, Anna Thalea Hoogestraat, Eike Buhr, Antje Wulff","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03200-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03200-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of computerised clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) holds considerable potential in enhancing healthcare delivery by improving patient safety, practitioner performance, and patient outcomes. However, despite the numerous reported advantages of CDSSs, their adoption remains restricted, thereby compromising the full realisation of their potential. To enable a profound evaluation and successful implementation of these systems, it is imperative to identify the reasons for their limited uptake. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of decision support systems across healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews (PRIOR) statement. A systematic search was conducted in the databases PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to 15 October 2024, targeting at review articles of primary studies focusing on the identification and reporting of barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of CDSSs across healthcare settings. The risk of bias of the included reviews was assessed with the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool, and the primary study overlap was calculated using the corrected covered area method. All data on barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of CDSSs were extracted from the included reviews, synthesised through a mapping of identical factors, and ranked according to their frequency of occurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1640 records retrieved through database searches, 30 reviews were included in this overview, which summarised the findings of 721 unique primary studies. A total of 101 distinct factors influencing the implementation and adoption of CDSSs were identified and could be categorised into the overarching categories of human, technology-related, and contextual factors. The following six factors were reported most frequently: usability, usefulness/perceived benefits, organisational readiness, training, trust, and workflow integration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study highlight the diversity of factors that influence a successful implementation of CDSSs and emphasise the need for their comprehensive evaluation that goes beyond the assessment of general performance aspects but takes into account human and contextual factors.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024507614.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the efficacy of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to local anesthesia in dentistry: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Salah Ameen Abdu, Wafa Ali Asaad, Tao Wei, Muaadh Wdaan, Wendong Wan, Yu-Qi Huang, Ning Li","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03202-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03202-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been considered an effective adjunct to dental local anesthetics. Uncertainty about its efficacy and safety in dental use still remains.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study is primarily designed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DEX as an adjunct to local anesthesia in dental procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251035026). Outcomes were onset time, anesthesia duration, postoperative analgesia duration, post operative pain, sedation, and adverse events. Searches covered PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. RevMan 5.1 pooled mean differences and assessed heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were examined in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v3.7. Certainty of evidence was rated with GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This meta-analysis encompassed sixteen controlled clinical trials comprising 658 participants. The addition of DEX decreased onset time by 48.78 s (95% CI: 64.22 to 33.35 s, p < 0.00001). This reduction is unlikely to be clinically significant in routine dental practice. DEX extended anesthesia duration by 31.10 min (95% CI: 13.77 to 48.43 min, p = 0.0004), and prolonged postoperative analgesic duration by 186.19 min (95% CI: 109.09 to 263.29 min, p < 0.00001), although both findings demonstrate substantial uncertainty due to unexplained heterogeneity (I² = 94% and 99%, respectively). Hemodynamic evaluation revealed no clinically significant alterations in heart rate, intraoperative systolic and diastolic pressure, and oxygen saturation (p > 0.05 for all parameters). Minor variations in heart rate and blood pressure did not advance to hypotension or bradycardia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to dental local anesthesia may reduce onset time, extend anesthesia duration, and postoperative analgesia with a favorable hemodynamic safety profile; however, substantial unexplained heterogeneity and modest sample size limit confidence in these estimates. Current evidence does not support routine clinical use; standardized, adequately powered trials are needed before definitive recommendations can be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review protocol on evidence synthesis for health technology decisions in ultra-rare diseases.","authors":"Mariana Andrades Fiorini Monteiro Novo, Julia Simões Correa Galendi, Janaina Cardoso Nunes Marinho, Sarah Nascimento Silva, Jamile Santos Codogno, Julia Beatriz Rosa Gobette, Elaine Hipólito Dos Santos Costa, Vania Dos Santos Nunes-Nogueira","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03198-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03198-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The term ultra-rare diseases was first introduced in 2004 by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence during the evaluation of drugs indicated for conditions with a prevalence of fewer than 1 case per 50,000 people. This review aims to systematically examine the clinical evidence synthesis practices used worldwide to support decision-making on the incorporation of new drugs for treating ultra-rare diseases and to identify the definitions of ultra-rare diseases adopted internationally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review follows the JBI methodology for reviews of textual evidence, including narrative reports, expert opinions, and policy documents. Eligible sources will include texts and studies addressing patients with ultra-rare diseases. The phenomenon of interest is the set of methods and practices used for synthesizing clinical evidence to inform the incorporation of health technologies for ultra-rare genetic diseases. This review focuses on the context of global health technology assessment (HTA) agencies. Searches will be conducted in the PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and Virtual Health Library databases, as well as on the websites of major international HTA agencies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment will be performed independently and in duplicate. Proportional meta-analyses will be conducted to summarize the frequency of study designs, outcomes, and recommendations according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach applied by HTA agencies when assessing drugs for ultra-rare diseases.</p><p><strong>Expected results: </strong>The findings of this review are expected to inform the development of methodological guidelines for evidence synthesis in ultra-rare diseases-from defining ultra-rare conditions to establishing best practices for evidence generation and evaluation. In the long term, the results may guide strategies to address methodological challenges in primary studies on the efficacy and safety of health technologies for ultra-rare diseases, such as strengthening national patient registries and promoting multicenter collaborative research.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD420250652106.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13335178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147875403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for colonisation and infection with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Serge Eyebe, Guy Sadeu Wafeu, Emilia Lyonga Mbamyah, Chritine Danielle Evina, Pierre Ongolo-Zogo, Alain Bertrand Dongmo, Arthur Mbida","doi":"10.1186/s13643-025-02975-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-025-02975-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;There are currently two opposing hypotheses regarding the risk factors for acquisition, colonisation and infection with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Acquisition could be either endogenous or exogenous or both. It is of great interest to estimate pooled prevalence and describe individual and environmental factors associated with the colonisation and infection with MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care units.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The protocol of this review has been registered under CRD42021233832 in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and has been published on Systematic review on November 2022All types of studies carried out in intensive care units (ICUs) were included. MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE (OVID), the Cochrane Library (Wiley), Web of Science, CINAHL (EBSCOHost), LILACS (BIREME), Google Scholar and Open Grey were searched from 1983 to 2023 and the results of electronic searches were uploaded to Rayyan software. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. The I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test was performed to assess the statistical heterogeneity among the included studies. The publication bias was assessed by using the funnel plot and Egger's test. Descriptive analysis and meta-analysis were performed. Fixed effect model were used to calculate the surveyed prevalence and odds ratio (OR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 10,791 articles were identified, of which 13 were retained for descriptive analysis and 8 for meta-analysis. The majority of these 13 studies were conducted in Western countries. Methods were heterogeneous and few studies addressed environmental factors. The pooled prevalence of MDR-PA in the ICU was 4% (95% CI: 0%-11%). Identified risk factors were: length of stay in ICU (&gt; 8 days), mechanical ventilation with OR: 3.19; 95% CI: 2.25-4.53, use of invasive devices with OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.40-3.68 (use of central venous catheter with OR: 3.16 95% CI: 1.87-5.33, the use of urinary catheters with OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 2.05-3.44, the use of parenteral nutrition with OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.15-5.16 and the use of arterial catheters with OR: 7.00; 95% CI: 2.77-17.68) and the use of antibiotics with OR: 3.69; 95% CI: 3.16-4.27 (carbapenem with OR: 4.12; 95% CI: 3.29-5.16, quinolones with OR: 3.31; 95% CI: 2.45-4.47, bectalactam with OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 2.4-5.24, and aminoglycosides with OR: 3.32; 95% CI: 2.33-4.73) and environmental factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;All this suggest that acquisition or infection by MDR-PA in ICU could be due to endogenous and exogenous transmission. Due to the few numbers of studies analy","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13330101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perishable food supply chain management and food access in remote Indigenous communities of high-income countries: a systematic scoping review protocol.","authors":"Behnaz Gharakhani Dehsorkhi, Karima Afif, Maurice Doyon","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03156-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03156-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indigenous populations in high-income countries (HICs) experience disproportionately high rates of food insecurity, particularly in remote regions where high costs, poor quality, and limited variety limit access to perishable foods. Fragile perishable food supply chains (PFSCs) further compound these vulnerabilities. Although existing reviews have examined nutrition policies, socioeconomic interventions, and retail food environments, they have largely overlooked the operational and logistical challenges associated with perishable food supply chain management (PFSCM). Moreover, no review has systematically mapped the reported practices in the literature to address these challenges across interconnected supply chain levels, including procurement, transportation, distribution, and retail. To address these gaps, this systematic scoping literature review (SSLR) will employ a food access framework to synthesize the challenges and practices of PFSCM in remote Indigenous communities across 17 HICs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This SSLR will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Protocols (PRISMA-P). A three-step JBI search strategy will be used to identify relevant published and unpublished evidence, including grey literature. Databases will include IEEE, MEDLINE (Ovid), ABI/Inform Global (ProQuest), CAB Abstracts, and Web of Science (Core Collection). Grey literature will be sourced from the Grey Source Index, Web of Conferences, government publications, OpenDOAR, OpenAIRE, and SSRN. Sources will be included if published in English between 1996 and 2024 and if they address PFSCM (phenomenon), perishable food access (concept), and remote Indigenous communities in HICs (context). Data will be extracted using a structured framework. Descriptive statistics will summarize study characteristics, and thematic analysis will be conducted to identify patterns in PFSCM challenges and reported practices. NVivo will support data management, and results will be reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This review will provide the first systematic scoping synthesis of PFSCM challenges and reported practices in remote Indigenous communities across HICs. By integrating a food access framework with a systems-oriented supply chain perspective, the review will extend prior work that has primarily focused on retail or policy interventions and limited geographic settings. The resulting evidence map and conceptual framework will support future research, policy dialogue, and context-sensitive planning to strengthen perishable food systems and food access in remote Indigenous settings.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>Open science framework registration: https://osf.io/kqpvn.</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13321537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing research on physical, relational and psychosocial care for older people in Germany: protocol for a mapping review guided by the Fundamentals of Care Framework.","authors":"Ozlem Koseoglu Ornek, Franziska Jagoda, Claudia Dinand, Dominique Autschbach, Manuela Malek, Margareta Halek","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03191-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03191-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of older people in Germany has risen steadily in recent decades. One in four people is now aged 65 or over. As people age, their health problems tend to increase, as do their fundamental care needs. Nurses play a key role in addressing these needs through a holistic approach. To fulfil this responsibility effectively, it is necessary to examine existing nursing research on the fundamentals of care for older people and to identify gaps in the current evidence base. Therefore, we plan to conduct a mapping review with the aim of mapping the extent, range and nature of nursing research activities on the fundamentals of care, as defined in the physical, psychosocial and relational components of the Integration of Care dimension of the Fundamentals of Care Framework for older people in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We will search the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, CareLit and GeroLit, the catalogue of the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space and the German National Library for publications on nursing research based on the Integration of Care dimension of the Fundamentals of Care Framework among older people (≥ 65 years). There will be no time limit. We will include studies published in English and German. Initial screening of the first ten per cent of titles and abstracts and other stages will be carried out by two independent researchers. This process will be repeated until full agreement between the researchers. Any discrepancies will be resolved with consultation of a third reviewer. Results will be reported in a narrative synthesis and complemented by tabular and numerical presentations.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this mapping review will be the first to provide an overview of current nursing research on the fundamentals of care for older people in Germany. The inclusion of German-language texts and the absence of time limits in this review are intended to complement previous reviews. The planned mapping review will also identify the evidence gap in research in this area and contribute to the determination of future scientific research in Germany. Consequently, the findings of the mapping review could be of great interest to nurses and other health professionals for evidence-based practice, research and educational programmes. In addition, the data can be used to develop a programme for the provision of age-friendly and caring living conditions for older people in the future.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>The protocol was registered with Open Science Framework (osf.io/9e3uv).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrolides usage as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ramona Nasr, Abir Abdel Rahman, Nisrine ElHadi, Pascale Salameh, Hanine Mansour","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03190-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03190-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) require effective treatment strategies. In addition to their antimicrobial role, macrolides may have a potential anti-inflammatory role in CAP and VAP. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the use of macrolides as anti-inflammatory drugs in CAP and VAP and to assess their impact on mortality and hospital length of stay while adhering to treatment guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted. Inclusion criteria were determined based on the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study Design) framework. The PICOS framework was used to define study eligibility and was not applied as a weighting or scoring system. Only observational studies, non-randomized studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting these criteria were included. A standardized eligibility screening form was employed by three independent reviewers, adhering to the established Cochrane guidelines and utilizing specialized software for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 11,960 identified records, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and underwent qualitative synthesis. Nine studies underwent meta-analysis. Of these, 25% exhibited a low risk of bias, and approximately 50% presented a moderate risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed that macrolide's use was associated with a significant reduction in in-hospital mortality (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.25-0.71) and post-discharge mortality (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.87). A non-significant reduction in length of hospital stay was also observed (MD - 0.68, 95% CI - 1.67 to 0.32). However, the limited number of RCTs reduces the overall quality of the available evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Macrolides demonstrate potential anti-inflammatory benefits in CAP and VAP, leading to improved clinical outcomes. However, further well-designed RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence and confirm these findings.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>This review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018088203).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical exercise therapy for autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a scoping review of systematic reviews.","authors":"Fei Fan, Ji Li, Xuan Zhang, Zilin Chen, Yuchen Hu, Fei Han","doi":"10.1186/s13643-026-03193-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-026-03193-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core symptoms of impaired social communication and restricted repetitive patterns of behavior. Physical exercise therapy (PET), as a non-pharmacological intervention, has seen increasing application and research in the ASD field. Although multiple systematic reviews have examined the efficacy of PET interventions for ASD and associated factors, a scoping review is still needed to systematically analyze existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, thereby identifying current research gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study will be based on the scoping-review methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley in 2005 and the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. The search will cover four databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (Wiley), screening systematic reviews published in English from database inception through December 2025. The study will include systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies (with or without meta-analysis). Two reviewers will independently perform literature screening and data extraction. All eligible articles will be evaluated using the AMSTAR-2 tool. Tabulated data will be summarized through quantitative analysis, with qualitative synthesis conducted using narrative methods.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This scoping review will highlight the evidence needed to guide decision-making for PET interventions in individuals with ASD.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JVM4H ).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13352702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}