Mohamad Issa , Georges Sukkarieh , Mathias Gallardo , Ilias Sarbout , Sophie Bonnin , Ramin Tadayoni , Dan Milea
{"title":"Applications of artificial intelligence to inherited retinal diseases: A systematic review","authors":"Mohamad Issa , Georges Sukkarieh , Mathias Gallardo , Ilias Sarbout , Sophie Bonnin , Ramin Tadayoni , Dan Milea","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence(AI)-based methods have been extensively used for the detection and management of various common retinal conditions, but their targeted development for inherited retinal diseases (IRD) is still nascent. In the context of limited availability of retinal subspecialists, genetic testing and genetic counseling, there is a high need for accurate and accessible diagnostic methods. The currently available AI studies, aiming for detection, classification, and prediction of IRD, remain mainly retrospective and include relatively limited numbers of patients due to their scarcity. We summarize the latest findings and clinical implications of machine-learning algorithms in IRD, highlighting the achievements and challenges of AI to assist ophthalmologists in their clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 255-264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Presumed phototoxicity from macular vital staining with Brilliant Blue G and Trypan Blue: A post-market surveillance study, systematic review, and synthesis of the literature","authors":"James E. Neffendorf , Timothy L. Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vital dyes are used to help visualize the retinal surface during macular surgery; however, they have been associated with phototoxicity. We synthesize and collate post-market surveillance data in two of the most commonly used dyes, Brilliant Blue G and Trypan Blue. We identified 69 cases, 59 of which were from the literature and 10 from manufacturer post-market surveillance. Of 69 vitrectomies, 39 were for macular hole, 24 for epiretinal membrane, 2 for vitreomacular traction, and 4 were not specified. The incidence of dye-mediated phototoxicity is likely rare, but is not possible to quantify, due to potential reporting and publication bias favouring dissemination of unusual safety events, but conversely underreporting is possible. Additionally, phototoxicity was reported prior to the introduction of vital stains, so it can be difficult to establish whether vital staining was contributory. Prolonged surgery and repeat staining were identified as risk factors. Characteristic clinical features were macular pigmentary change with hypo- and hyper-autofluoresence, often sparing the fovea. Final visual acuity tended to be worse than preoperatively, with some cases reduced to counting fingers. A reporting template is provided to encourage complete and standardised toxicity reporting and help build a robust evidence base.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 339-351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiou Lei , Yani Wang , Siao Tang , Jiaqi Yang , Dongwei Lai , Qinghua Qiu
{"title":"The adaptive immune system in the retina of diabetics","authors":"Yiou Lei , Yani Wang , Siao Tang , Jiaqi Yang , Dongwei Lai , Qinghua Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increases each year, its most common microvascular complication, diabetic retinopathy (DR), is also on the rise. DR is now regarded as an inflammatory disease in which innate immunity plays a crucial role, and a large number of innate immune cells with associated cytokines are involved in the pathologic process of DR. The role of adaptive immunity in DR is seldom mentioned, probably due to the general perception of the immune privileged environment of the retina; however, in recent years there has been a gradual increase in research on the role of adaptive immunity in DR, and with the discovery of the retinal lymphatic system, it seems that the role of adaptive immunity can no longer be ignored. Here, we discuss the immunosuppressive environment of the retina, the phenomenon and potential mechanisms of lymphocyte infiltration in DR, and the role of the adaptive immune system in the diabetic retina, which may point the way for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 241-254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Vaheb , Mohammad Yazdan Panah , Vahid Shaygannejad , Aram Zabeti , Omid Mirmosayyeb
{"title":"Uveitis among people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Saeed Vaheb , Mohammad Yazdan Panah , Vahid Shaygannejad , Aram Zabeti , Omid Mirmosayyeb","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) encounter numerous ocular complications, including uveitis. MS-related uveitis is linked to diverse complications, encompassing cataracts, cystoid macular edema, band keratopathy, glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinoschisis, vitreous hemorrhage, and occlusive vasculitis. The relationship between uveitis and MS is firmly established, but various prevalence rates have been reported. Hence, we aimed to determine the overall prevalence of uveitis and its different types among pwMS.</div><div>The systematic search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science to identify studies published between January 1, 1990, and November 11, 2023. The meta-analysis was performed using R software version 4.3.3 with a random-effect model to calculate the pooled prevalence with a 95 % confidence interval (CI) of uveitis among pwMS.</div><div>From a total of 2520 studies reviewed, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 54,402 pwMS. Of whom, 72 % were female, and the mean (standard deviation) age was 43.5 (12.1) years. Meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of uveitis among pwMS was 1.1 % (95 % CI: 0.6–1.7 %, I<sup>2</sup>=95 %, <em>p</em>-heterogeneity<0.01). Moreover, among various uveitis types, intermediate uveitis exhibited the highest prevalence of 0.6 % (95 % CI: 0.2–1.0 %, I<sup>2</sup> = 87 %, <em>p</em>-heterogeneity < 0.01) in pwMS.</div><div>We determined that the prevalence of uveitis among pwMS is 1.1 %. Among different uveitis types, intermediate uveitis stands out as the most prevalent in pwMS. Diagnosing uveitis in pwMS within clinics by specialists is imperative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Si Jin Vanessa Lee , Ying Qi Goh , William Rojas-Carabali , Carlos Cifuentes-González , Carol Y. Cheung , Atul Arora , Alejandra de-la-Torre , Vishali Gupta , Rupesh Agrawal
{"title":"Association between retinal vessels caliber and systemic health: A comprehensive review","authors":"Si Jin Vanessa Lee , Ying Qi Goh , William Rojas-Carabali , Carlos Cifuentes-González , Carol Y. Cheung , Atul Arora , Alejandra de-la-Torre , Vishali Gupta , Rupesh Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The unique nature of the retinal microvasculature that permits non-invasive visualization has garnered interest as a potential method for detecting microvascular alterations indicative of systemic diseases. This concept, supported by advancements in imaging technologies, has been increasingly validated by studies linking retinal microvasculature with systemic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease. Structural changes in the retinal microvasculature are associated with cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic diseases, and are significant predictors of systemic hypertensive damage and mortality. Given that most systemic diseases present life-long burdens and complications if undetected or untreated, the development of diagnostic tools like retinal vascular imaging becomes important for early detection, monitoring of disease progression, and facilitating timely interventions. Technological advancements have enabled objective and accurate quantification of retinal microvascular characteristics. We consolidate current literature on retinal vascular changes across various systemic health conditions, including metabolic diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pregnancy complications, systemic inflammatory conditions, leukemia, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and COVID-19. We also emphasizes the need for dynamic parameters, an understanding of 3-dimensional vascular architecture, and larger-scale longitudinal studies to elucidate the temporal relationship between retinal vascular changes and systemic diseases, helping shape future diagnostic and monitoring approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 184-199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikhwanuliman Putera , Rina La Distia Nora , Arlin Chyntia Dewi , Ditta Shabrina Suhada , Carlos Cifuentes-González , William Rojas-Carabali , Gazal Patnaik , Germán Mejia-Salgado , Ratna Sitompul , Lukman Edwar , Made Susiyanti , Yulia Aziza , Jyotirmay Biswas , Vishali Gupta , Alejandra de-la-Torre , Rupesh Agrawal
{"title":"Antiviral therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ikhwanuliman Putera , Rina La Distia Nora , Arlin Chyntia Dewi , Ditta Shabrina Suhada , Carlos Cifuentes-González , William Rojas-Carabali , Gazal Patnaik , Germán Mejia-Salgado , Ratna Sitompul , Lukman Edwar , Made Susiyanti , Yulia Aziza , Jyotirmay Biswas , Vishali Gupta , Alejandra de-la-Torre , Rupesh Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is a significant cause of blindness in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are no established guidelines for its treatment, resulting in varied antiviral approaches. We pooled data from 59 studies (4501 patients) to evaluate treatment variations and outcomes (CRD42022321088). Overall pooled estimates showed visual acuity improvement at 18 % (95 % CI: 7–41 %), inflammation resolution at 90 % (95 % CI: 81–95 %), retinal detachment at 11 % (95 % CI: 8–14 %), and recurrence at 19 % (95 % CI: 11–31 %). The main antiviral treatment approaches identified were: (1) intravenous antivirals alone in 33 studies, (2) intravitreal antivirals alone in 26 studies, (3) oral antivirals alone in 3 studies, and (4) a combination of systemic (oral or intravenous[IV]) and intravitreal antivirals in 7 studies, with varying schemes and durations. Ganciclovir was the predominant antiviral, with intravenous administration being the most reported (in 23 studies), followed by intravitreal administration (in 20 studies). While visual acuity improvement was comparable, inflammation resolution tended to be higher with intravitreal than with IV antivirals, though not statistically significant (88 %, 95 % CI: 69–96 % vs 75 %, 95 % CI: 35–94 %, p = 0.38). Retinitis progression rate for IV ganciclovir was lower than for those without ganciclovir. Inflammation recurrence was significantly lower in antiretroviral (ART)-treated compared to non-ART-treated HIV/AIDS patients (10 % (95 % CI: 4–20 %) vs 33 % (95 % CI: 19–50 %), p < 0.01). Neutropenia, particularly with ganciclovir, was the most reported adverse effect (up to 50 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 215-231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clara Rizzo, Maria Cristina Savastano, Raphael Kilian, Giorgio Marchini, Stanislao Rizzo
{"title":"Structural en face optical coherence tomography in neovascular and nonneovascularage-related macular degeneration: Use and utility in clinical practice.","authors":"Clara Rizzo, Maria Cristina Savastano, Raphael Kilian, Giorgio Marchini, Stanislao Rizzo","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. Structural en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an innovative imaging technology that has recently attracted interest because of its potential for assessing AMD features. We conducted a comprehensive review of its application in AMD. In neovascular AMD, structural en face OCT can detect exudative activity, monitor the neovascularization area, study the choroid in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, and visualize neovascular membranes in pigment epithelial detachments. Moreover, in nonneovascular AMD, this study provides details on geographic atrophy and drusen, the identification of intraretinal retinal pigment epithelium migration, and the detection of different patterns of outer retinal tubulations. Our study revealed that structural en face OCT can provide relevant information on patients with AMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tariq Bhatti , Darron H. Fors , Irma Muminovic , Shira L. Robbins
{"title":"Heavy duty","authors":"M. Tariq Bhatti , Darron H. Fors , Irma Muminovic , Shira L. Robbins","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 54-year-old woman with myopia, hypothyroidism, and asthma presented with intermittent double vision. Serum was positive for anti-low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (LRP4) antibodies suggesting the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. There was no improvement with pyridostigmine, prednisone, or azathioprine. Over time her double vision became constant, and she was noted to have mild limitation of abduction in both eyes with an esotropia, left hypotropia, and excyclotorsion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed nasal displacement of the superior rectus and inferior rectus muscles, inferior displacement of the lateral rectus muscles and superotemporal globe prolapse consistent with heavy eye syndrome (HES). The differential diagnosis, clinical and radiological manifestations of HES are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 352-355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maram EA Abdalla Elsayed , Beatrice Lander , Sirisha Senthil , Deepak P. Edward , Rizwan Malik
{"title":"The secondary childhood glaucomas","authors":"Maram EA Abdalla Elsayed , Beatrice Lander , Sirisha Senthil , Deepak P. Edward , Rizwan Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The secondary childhood glaucomas are a heterogenous group, often associated with other ocular or systemic abnormalities. These childhood glaucomas are distinct from primary childhood glaucomas, both in terms of their clinical features and their response to conventional treatment. Surgical management can be challenging in children with secondary glaucoma. On average, this group undergo more surgical procedures and revisions than those with primary congenital glaucoma. We provide a synopsis of secondary childhood glaucomas in terms of classification, clinical features, and management strategies, with emphasis on recent developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 3","pages":"Pages 544-562"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elham Sadeghi MD , Nicola Valsecchi MD , Elham Rahmanipour MD , Mahsa Ejlalidiz MD , Nasiq Hasan MD , Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina PhD , Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim PhD , Mohammed Abdul Rasheed , Jiwon Baek , Danilo Iannetta MD , Jay Chhablani MD
{"title":"Choroidal biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Elham Sadeghi MD , Nicola Valsecchi MD , Elham Rahmanipour MD , Mahsa Ejlalidiz MD , Nasiq Hasan MD , Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina PhD , Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim PhD , Mohammed Abdul Rasheed , Jiwon Baek , Danilo Iannetta MD , Jay Chhablani MD","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central visual impairment in the elderly. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms for AMD remain uncertain. Several studies suggest that choroidal abnormalities and alterations are critical in AMD progression. The transition from manual to automated segmentation and binarization techniques has resulted in accurate and precise measurements of different choroidal parameters. These qualitative and quantitative parameters, known as choroidal imaging biomarkers, have advanced from basic vertical subfoveal choroidal thickness to more intricate 3-dimensional choroidal reconstruction methods in the last decade. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of choroidal metrics may investigate valuable insights into AMD, potentially guiding the future development of customized therapeutic strategies and personalized patient care in AMD management. We describe the role of different choroidal biomarkers in evaluating patients with AMD and their contribution to management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 167-183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}