Survey of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Chorioretinal folds: A review and update of new and old etiologies.","authors":"John Yu Cheng, David Hsu, Alessandro Feo, Vicki Liu, Mostafa Mafi, David Sarraf","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chorioretinal or choroidal folds are wrinkles or undulations involving contiguous tissues including the anterior choroid, Bruch membrane, the retinal pigment epithelium, and in some cases the overlying neurosensory retina. These folds consist of alternating light and dark lines that may radiate from the optic disc or can be isolated to the macula or periphery. Chorioretinal folds can be the result of primary or secondary etiologies. Primary chorioretinal folds are due to hyperopia or idiopathic causes. Secondary folds are the result of secondary processes, such as mass compression, traction, or hypotony. Visual and anatomic outcomes and management strategies depend on the etiology of the folds. Multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography , fluorescein angiogram, and B-scan ultrasonography are integral to the diagnosis of chorioretinal folds and determination of the etiology. We summarize the principal mechanisms leading to chorioretinal folds and will review the diverse spectrum of etiologies, new and old. Choroidal folds-related maculopathy will also be described, a sequela of chorioretinal folds that can lead to vision loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular trauma in microgravity: In-flight diagnostics and extraterrestrial strategies for management.","authors":"Alex Suh, Jonathan J Szeto, Joshua Ong, Grayson W Armstrong, C Robert Gibson, Thomas H Mader, William Lipsky, Ethan Waisberg, John Berdahl, David M Hinkle, Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-duration spaceflight missions (including the International Space Station [ISS]) are in one of the most remote and harsh environments humans live and work in. Medical emergencies in space are even more complicated in an already high-risk environment. Despite training, ISS crewmembers face many challenges in diagnosing and managing disease with limited diagnostic capability and equipment on the ISS, restricted medication availability, delayed access to medical professionals; and the latency of space missions. Ocular trauma (e.g., cabin contact with equipment, chemical exposure, and foreign body entry) has been well-documented in previous ISS missions, highlighting the vulnerability of crewmembers' vision. While no serious vision loss has yet occurred, the risk of ocular injuries during future commercial and lunar missions remains significant. We review the utilization of onboard diagnostic tools and potential management modalities with current ISS resources for mitigating long-term effects of ocular trauma in the unique microgravity environment of spaceflight. We aim to assess the overall medical preparedness for future space exploration to ensure the well-being and ocular health of crewmembers during extended missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trabecular meshwork: A pivotal target for evolving glaucoma treatments","authors":"Yue Wan ,&nbsp;Xinzheng Guo ,&nbsp;Ningli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The trabecular meshwork (TM) is a key regulator of intraocular pressure (IOP) through its role in facilitating aqueous humor outflow. Pathological alterations in the TM—such as reduced cellularity, impaired extracellular matrix turnover, and increased biomechanical stiffness—raise outflow resistance, leading to elevated IOP and contributing to glaucoma pathogenesis. We summarize the TM’s anatomical structure, cellular heterogeneity, and biomechanical properties, emphasizing its central role in maintaining IOP homeostasis. It also outlines TM alterations across different glaucoma subtypes and highlights key molecular mechanisms underlying TM dysfunction, including dysregulation of Rho GTPase signaling, nitric oxide (NO) pathways, TGF-β2-induced fibrosis, lipid signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Advancements in TM-targeted therapies include pharmacologic interventions (e.g., Rho kinase inhibitors, NO donors), non-invasive approaches (e.g., laser trabeculoplasty, ultrasound, sonic therapies), and minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries. Emerging gene therapies that target TM outflow pathway show promise for long-lasting IOP control. Additionally, cell-based therapies aiming to restore TM cellularity and function represent a novel regenerative strategy. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in optimizing delivery methods, sustaining therapeutic efficacy, and ensuring safety. We highlight the evolving landscape of TM-targeted interventions and underscore the importance of continued innovation in glaucoma management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 6","pages":"Pages 1043-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related changes in optical coherence tomography glaucoma-related parameters: A systematic review.","authors":"Rodrigo Vilares-Morgado, Kamiel Verbruggen, Ingeborg Stalmans, João Barbosa-Breda","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The specificity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect glaucoma progression can be compromised by the non-adjustment to the healthy aging of OCT glaucoma-related parameters. We summarize the age-related changes of glaucoma-related parameters on OCT in the healthy population. Fifty-one longitudinal studies met our inclusion criteria. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness change was -0.47 ± 0.27 μm/year for Spectralis® OCT, -0.44 ± 0.17 μm/year for Cirrus® OCT and -0.25 ± 0.21 μm/year for Optovue® OCT. Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer change was -0.24 ± 0.08 μm/year on Cirrus® OCT. Ganglion cell complex change was -0.40 ± 0.26 μm/year on Optovue® OCT. Bruch membrane opening-minimum rim width change was -1.61 ± 0.14 μm/year on Spectralis® OCT. Vessel density change was -0.33 ± 0.50 %/year on OCTA, measured with Optovue® OCT. Aging in the healthy population leads to a progressive decrease of glaucoma-related parameters. This needs to be considered when assessing glaucoma patients for possible progression measured through OCT or OCT-angiography.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Iris melanoma: Prognostication for metastasis”[Survey Ophthalmol 68 (2023) 957–963]","authors":"Alexander Melendez-Moreno MD,&nbsp;Yağmur Seda Yeşiltaş MD,&nbsp;NP Jacquelyn Wrenn,&nbsp;Arun D. Singh MD","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":"70 6","pages":"Page 1275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinopathy of prematurity training and education: A systematic review.","authors":"Amy Song, Esther Lee, Susan R Ostmo, Karyn E Jonas, Margaret A Chervinko, Aaron S Coyner, J Peter Campbell, R V Paul Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is limited by a shortage of ophthalmologists who are adequately trained in identifying disease due to limited exposure in ophthalmology residencies and fellowships. We review the current state of ROP education and training and propose strategies to addressing the ROP workforce shortage. Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic review was performed using PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS. Terms that were used in the database searches include telemedicine, tele-education, tele-health, retinopathy of prematurity, artificial intelligence, medical education, training. Advancements in tele-education and artificial intelligence have paved the way for increased accessibility to ROP training, particularly in low- and middle-income countries; however, to ensure that these new modalities are effective in clinical practice and training, ophthalmology residency and fellowship programs must implement relevant education and training into their curricula.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in diagnosing and treating giant cell arteritis: New hope for arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.","authors":"Leon von der Emde, Simon M Petzinna, Martina C Herwig-Carl, Maike S Adamson, Claus-Juergen Bauer, Julia Esser, Alexander Isaak, Katharina Wall, Jan H Terheyden, Frank G Holz, Valentin S Schäfer, Thomas Ach","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease of medium and large sized vessels. It is the most prevalent form of primary vasculitis in the western world. Vascular inflammation in GCA can lead to vascular occlusion. Severe neuro-ophthalmological complications, such as arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (aAION), may present with sudden partial or complete vision loss or diplopia. Visual impairment is often refractory to corticosteroid therapy, underscoring the critical importance of early diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis and initiation of high-dose corticosteroids can lead to contralateral eye involvement and bilateral irreversible vision loss. Recent advances in expedited diagnostics have significantly improved outcomes in GCA patients, particularly by reducing ischemic neuro-ophthalmological events. Thus, a key factor has been the introduction of Fast-Track Clinics (FTCs) that have successfully decreased the incidence of permanent blindness in GCA patients. In these clinics, imaging modalities such as vascular ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) play a critical role in both diagnosis and disease monitoring, enabling timely and accurate intervention. On the therapeutic front, cytokine-specific inhibitors have improved GCA management, enhancing remission rates and reducing glucocorticoid use. Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) inhibitor, has become a cornerstone of GCA treatment; however, since some patients do not respond to IL-6R inhibition, ongoing research is exploring alternative disease-modifying therapies. These new approaches aim to reduce glucocorticoid dependency, mitigate side effects, enhance visual outcomes, and improve patient outcomes, highlighting a shift towards more individualized treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brillouin microscopy for focal biomechanical measurements in normal and keratoconic corneas: A narrative review.","authors":"Bassel Hammoud, Justin S Schumacher, Hongyuan Zhang, Barbara A L Dutra, Bianca N Susanna, Giuliano Scarcelli, J Bradley Randleman","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corneal mechanical weakness is widely recognized as the root cause of keratoconus and a primary driver for undesirable refractive surgery outcomes. Theory, finite element modeling, and initial data predict that focal rather than generalized weakening precipitates corneal mechanical decompensation. Direct, 3-dimensionally (3-D) localized in vivo corneal mechanical measurements thus have the potential to revolutionize keratoconus management and the surgical correction of myopia. Collagen microarchitecture and mechanical profiles in normal and keratoconic corneas have been evaluated ex vivo, but significant gaps remain in our understanding of the earliest subclinical manifestations that can eventually lead to clinical disease. Nonperturbative Brillouin microscopy has emerged as a novel approach for measuring corneal mechanics by analyzing Brillouin light scattering, which encodes the corneal elastic modulus (longitudinal modulus). Early ex vivo works demonstrated the technique's ability to identify depth-dependent (axial) anisotropy in the normal cornea, focal weakening in the keratoconic cornea, and stiffening after corneal cross-linking. Recent advances using motion-tracking Brillouin imaging, which employs optical coherence tomography and eye tracking to facilitate 3-D signal localization, have provided novel insights into keratoconus at the subclinical stage. Locally reduced Brillouin shift values in the anterior cornea have differentiated subclinical keratoconic cornea from normal controls and outperformed current clinical standard morphologic evaluation using Scheimpflug technology. Herein, we highlight the development of Brillouin microscopy for in vivo corneal analysis, current imaging advances and technological limitations, and future directions for in vivo analysis of subclinical keratoconus to advance our understanding of keratoconus diagnosis, disease evolution, and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inherited retinal disease in global Indigenous populations: A scoping review.","authors":"Emma C Tovey Crutchfield, Andrea L Vincent, Mitchell D Anjou, Hugh R Taylor, Shaun Tatipata, Krystal S Tsosie, Livia S Carvalho, Lauren N Ayton, Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate diagnosis is essential for accessing emerging gene-targeted treatments for inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), but many minoritised communities face additional barriers to diagnosis. This scoping review synthesised clinical studies on the prevalence and diagnosis of IRDs among Indigenous Peoples worldwide. Medline, Embase, Global Health, Informit and CINAHL were searched on December 4, 2023. We included articles reporting Indigenous Peoples with IRDs from all global regions published between 1974 and 2023; 73 studies (581 cases) of IRDs in Indigenous Peoples from 24 countries were included, mostly reporting participants indigenous to the Middle East (34 %), Oceania (27 %) and North America (23 %). Studies of specific IRD cases showed geographical or cultural group associations, such as rod-cone dystrophy among the Diné (Navajo Nation) or Bardet-Biedl syndrome in Bedouin populations of the Middle East. With dedicated programs, population-specific IRD gene variants in the Middle Eastern Bedouin populations, New Zealand Māori and other Pacific peoples are the most well-characterised, and this has enabled improved diagnostic approaches. There is limited knowledge of the relative prevalence and support needs for IRDs among most other global Indigenous groups. Engagement, co-designed approaches and collective efforts, including raising awareness, may address challenges limiting equitable access to IRD diagnosis for Indigenous Peoples, facilitating access to emerging treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of neighborhood-level deprivation on glaucoma prevalence and treatment: A review of the literature.","authors":"Joshua Woo, Sakshi Chopra, Keke Liu, Brandi Tuttle, Kelly W Muir","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We summarize the existing literature describing the associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic indices and various glaucoma-related health outcomes. Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and while risk factors have been identified, there remains an incomplete understanding of the relationship between glaucoma and social determinants of health, especially at the neighborhood-level. This is particularly clinically relevant for the treatment of glaucoma due to the importance of early detection, access to specialty care, and long-term medication adherence in slowing disease progression. A review of the literature was completed in MEDLINE (Ovid) and Scopus (Elsevier) from inception to December 4, 2023, of publications describing an association between a neighborhood-level index and a glaucoma-related outcome, yielding 15 studies. A manual networking search was performed on March 1, 2024, and an additional search update was completed on September 19, 2024, resulting in the inclusion of 7 additional studies. After a comprehensive search and full-text review, 22 papers were included in our final analysis. Across all studies encompassing over 60 million total records, the mean patient age was 66.5 years, with 47.4 % being male. The most utilized neighborhood indices were the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), and nearly all studies were based in either the United States or Europe. The majority of studies found an association between socioeconomic deprivation and 1) higher prevalence of glaucoma, 2) greater visual field loss at initial presentation, or 3) reduced access or delays associated with glaucoma treatment. Of these relationships, the strongest evidence was found linking neighborhood-level deprivation to increased glaucoma prevalence. Our review provides useful insight about the role of neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors and glaucoma, particularly by identifying important relationships that may otherwise remain unnoticed with aggregate, country-level data. The disparities involving glaucoma prevalence, presentation and treatment, especially in underresourced communities, indicate a vital need for earlier, more accessible intervention and greater investment into preventive care. Future studies might look to analyze prospectively patient outcomes and isolate the biggest drivers of disparities in health outcomes at the neighborhood-level, with significant clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}