Survey of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Placebo or vehicle effects on dry eye signs and symptoms in randomized controlled trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alan Huang, Annie Zhang, Daniel Lee, Gui-Shuang Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent ophthalmic conditions. Placebo or vehicle administration is frequently used in DED trials, yet its effects remain poorly characterized. This study evaluates the presence, magnitude, and factors associated with DED vehicle or placebo effects to inform future trial design.Eligible vehicle- or placebo-controlled dry eye trials were identified using PubMed. Three authors independently extracted trial characteristics and outcome measures, including Schirmer test, tear breakup time (TBUT), conjunctival and corneal staining, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Random-effect models and meta-regression were used to evaluate placebo/vehicle effects and predictors. Forty-nine trials with 3529 participants in placebo/vehicle groups were included. Meta-analyses revealed significant placebo/vehicle effects on DED symptoms measured by OSDI (mean difference: -8.44; 95 % CI: -11.56 to -5.33, p < 0.01) and on signs including TBUT (0.50; 95 % CI: 0.13-0.87, p = 0.01), corneal staining (-0.55; 95 % CI: -0.90 to -0.20, p < 0.01), and conjunctival staining (-0.46; 95 % CI: -0.91 to -0.02, p = 0.04). Meta-regression revealed that a higher percentage of female participants and worse baseline OSDI scores were associated with a greater vehicle or placebo responses for OSDI (p = 0.04 and p = 0.001, respectively). No predictors were found for placebo/vehicle effects on DED signs. Placebo/vehicle effects in DED trials are substantial and should be considered in trial design. Female sex and worse baseline symptoms were associated with larger effects on OSDI. Future studies should explore mechanisms underlying these effects and approaches to mitigate their impact in DED trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controversies and conundrums in pachychoroid spectrum disorders: A structured diagnostic approach.","authors":"Ramesh Venkatesh, Vishma Prabhu, Pratibha Hande, Karishma Tendulkar, Shruthi Vidyasagar, Rupal Kathare, Nikitha Gurram Reddy, Naresh Kumar Yadav, Alisha Sirsikar, Preksha Biradar, Rupak Roy, Chaitra Jayadev, Soema Tehbla, Priyanka Gandhi, Jay Chhablani","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The term pachychoroid, derived from the Greek word pachy meaning \"thick,\" refers to a choroidal phenotype characterized by increased choroidal thickness, dilated outer choroidal vessels (pachyvessels), and attenuation of the overlying Sattler layer and choriocapillaris. Initially recognized in central serous chorioretinopathy, this phenotype is now acknowledged as the underlying pathophysiological basis for a broader spectrum of retinal disorders, including pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, focal choroidal excavation, peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome, pachydrusen and pachychoroid geographic atrophy. Collectively referred to as the pachychoroid disease spectrum, these entities share common features such as structural choroidal remodeling, choroidal vascular hyperpermeability, and outer retinal or retinal pigment epithelial changes. The introduction of enhanced depth imaging and swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, and ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography has significantly expanded the understanding of choroidal anatomy and function, leading to the identification of additional features such as vortex vein abnormalities, intervortex venous anastomoses, and localized choroidal hypoperfusion. These insights have prompted a reevaluation of disease classification. Moreover, pachychoroid-driven neovascularization demonstrates distinct therapeutic behaviour, including variable responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents and potential benefit from photodynamic therapy. We explore current controversies related to the etiopathogenesis, disease classification, and treatment of pachychoroid disorders, emphasize the importance of multimodal imaging in accurate diagnosis, and propose a clinically relevant algorithm to help ophthalmologists identify and manage true pachychoroid spectrum disorders effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography measurements in thyroid eye disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mehrdad Mozafar, Sepehr Fekrazad, Mobina Amanollahi, Reza Samiee, Melika Jameie, Elias Khalili Pour, J Fernando Arevalo","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid eye disease (TED) is defined as a common ocular manifestation of graves' disease, which affects the dynamics of the retinal vessels by various autoimmune and mechanical ways. Herein, we evaluate the retinal microvascular alterations in TED subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). PubMed, Scopus and Web of Sciences were systematically searched for relevant studies assessing OCTA measurements in TED patients and healthy controls. Meta-analysis was conducted on OCTA parameters with at least two studies using the same OCTA device. Fifteen related studies assessed the total of 771 TED eyes (13 studies evaluating inactive TED and 10 with active TED). Patients with active TED exhibited significantly reduced vessel density (VD) in both the superficial and deep capillary plexuses compared to inactive TED and healthy controls, particularly in whole image analyses and parafoveal region. Additionally, the foveal avascular zone was significantly enlarged in active TED relative to inactive TED and HCs. Radial peripapillary capillary VD was reduced in active TED compared to the inactive stage. These highlights the potential of OCTA as a valuable noninvasive tool for TED's diagnosis assistance and disease progression monitoring. Future research should aim to assess retinal VDs in larger and more diverse samples, considering disease activity, to achieve more conclusive results.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Seeing both sides': A systematic review of the Miyake-Apple video system's role in ophthalmology.","authors":"Alexander G Maloof, Shane Zhang, Nicholas V Pavic, Minas T Coroneo","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Miyake-Apple technique for retrolenticular video analysis has proven itself to be a valued tool in research and education for anterior segment surgery, intraocular lens (IOL) design, implantation techniques and evaluating surgical complications. Such a knowledge base could also be incorporated into surgical simulators which are generally more readily available to training ophthalmologists. We identified 139 papers in the initial search. After screening 100 papers, 94 were included in the review. In all 94 studies, the employment of the Miyake-Apple technique for visualization was used for post-mortem eye analysis, yielding information about its role in (1) teaching and training, (2), understanding the effects of IOL implantation, (3), visualizing the impacts of experimental surgical techniques on the eye, and (4), its modern technical advancements to facilitate Miyake-Apple views with lower-resource endoscopic equipment. Our findings support the conclusion that the Miyake-Apple system can play an imperative role in the training and testing of ophthalmic surgeons, devices and surgical techniques. This technology has the potential to aid in the development of newer IOL explantation and replacement techniques as well as IOL fixation techniques. With advancing technology and innovative endoscopic posterior viewing techniques, barriers have lowered for adopting the Miyake-Apple system in ophthalmic surgical training globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo detection of macrophage-like cells at the vitreoretinal interface in retinal diseases using optical coherence tomography angiography.","authors":"Yuchen Qian, Xiren Lin, Yiran Wang, Yumei Mao, Ting Zou, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal diseases represent a group of vision-threatening disorders with a complex pathogenesis that involves interactions among various cellular and molecular factors. Inflammation and immune cells play a pivotal role in the initiation, progression, and repair of retinal diseases. Recently, advancements in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) technology have enabled the in vivo detection of macrophage-like cells (MLCs) at the vitreoretinal interface and allowed for assessment of retinal inflammation, representing a landmark advancement for understanding the pathophysiology of retinal diseases, particularly regarding the role of MLCs. We review the role of MLCs at the vitreoretinal interface and discuss recent advances in OCTA technology for detecting MLCs across various retinal diseases, thus demonstrating new advances in inflammatory biomarkers for retinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicone oil removal-related vision loss.","authors":"Maria Ludovica Ruggeri, Mario R Romano, Tommaso Rossi, Daniela Bacherini, Mariantonia Ferrara, Luca Placentino, Fabrizio Giansanti, Alberto Quarta, Rodolfo Mastropasqua","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silicone oil removal-related vision loss (SORVL) is a sight-threatening condition affecting a small fraction of patients after the removal of silicone oil, possibly underestimated. To date, a few cases have been thoroughly investigated; however, no clear and unique explanation has been found for this phenomenon. Most of the literature has been focusing on SORVL and in situ SORVL, gathering the 2 conditions under the same pathogenic mechanism. In this review, we provide a detailed update on SORVL describing its epidemiology and the reported signs and symptoms. Furthermore, we explore possible underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the development of SORVL giving insights into the pathophysiology of this rare and severe condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144969796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Penetrating keratoplasty versus deep anteriror lamellar keratoplasty for macular corneal dystrophy: A meta-analysis\" [Survey Ophthalomol., vol. 70 (2025) P480-488/ PMID: 39709033].","authors":"Ngoc Van Anh Le, Ngoc Cong Nguyen, Ngamjit Kasetsuwan, Usanee Reinprayoon","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular seeds in retinoblastoma: A review of classification, management, and outcomes.","authors":"Mrittika Sen, Francis L Munier, Santosh G Honavar","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraocular seeds in retinoblastoma are formed from dispersion of the tumor into the adjacent liquid or semiliquid compartments. They are highly resistant to traditional treatment modalities and remain the most important cause of treatment failure. Intraocular seeds can be focal or diffuse in the vitreous, retrohyaloid, subretinal or aqueous compartments. Intravitreal and intracameral chemotherapy with melphalan and/or topotecan have allowed targeted drug delivery in desired concentration to achieve improved outcomes of seed regression and globe salvage. Group E disease, diffuse and recurrent seeds, as well as anterior chamber seeds continue to have suboptimal prognosis. We review the published literature on intraocular seeds, the evolution of their management, and the outcomes and complications of established treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular hole after anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth factor injection: A review.","authors":"Vivian Rajeswaren, Vichar Trivedi, Pradeepa Yoganathan","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections are a crucial treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). However, each injection carries the risk of complications, including macular hole (MH) formation. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases identified studies reporting MH formation after anti-VEGF injections for nvAMD. Demographic characteristics included age, sex and affected eye. The presence of intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid (SRF), pigment epithelial detachment (PED), posterior vitreous detachment, epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), vitreomacular traction (VMT), and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tears was recorded. This review includes 15 articles, encompassing 50 eyes. Median patient age was 76.0 years, and 54% were female. Prior to MH formation, SRF and PED were present in 68% of eyes. VMA or VMT was observed in 36% of eyes and the median number of injections before MH development was 3, with a median time to diagnosis of 60 days. While anti-VEGF is an essential therapy, clinicians must be aware of the risk of MH. Predisposing factors including PEDs, VMT, and significant intra- or subretinal fluid, should be considered. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and explore preventative strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for retinal breaks following surgical induction of posterior vitreous detachment: A scoping review.","authors":"Jai Ethan Paris, Carmelo Zak Macri, Stewart R Lake, Weng Onn Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.survophthal.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical induction of posterior vitreous detachment (IPVD) is a well-known risk factor for retinal breaks (RB) during vitrectomy; however, risk factors for breaks in the subgroup of eyes requiring IPVD are poorly characterised. We summarize and explore existing literature on demographic, clinical, and operative risk factors for RB in eyes that require IPVD. We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar) in August, 2024. We included English-language meta-analyses, randomised control trials, and observational studies or series that reported data addressing risk factors for retinal breaks during surgical IPVD. Case reports, conference abstracts, and pharmacological IPVD were excluded. A total of 10 studies were included, comprising observational studies (n = 4) and case series (n = 6). Risk factors identified in existing literature included age, surgical indication and gauge size. Younger age was associated with higher RB risk during IPVD (OR 0.959, 95 % CI 0.924, 0.996, p = 0.028). Surgical indication findings were conflicting, suggesting either macular hole or epiretinal membrane surgery may increase the rate of RB. Gauge size had no consistent impact on RB rates. Weak evidence exists that 20-G may increase RB rate compared to 23-G (23 G 3.1 % vs 20-G 15.8 %, p = 0.0234). The wide range in IPVD-related RB reflects highly heterogenous study designs, differences in IPVD induction technique, and failure to discriminate between IPVD-related and sclerotomy-related breaks. There remains no large-scale studies or meta-analyses exploring risk factors for RB during IPVD. Younger age is a risk factor for RB in IPVD. The impact of gauge size and surgical indication is conflicting in existing literature, and claims are supported by weak evidence. There is a lack of exploration of risk factors for RB during IPVD in existing literature. Further exploration of patient and operative risk factors is needed and may impact risk counselling and surgical approaches for eyes requiring IPVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22102,"journal":{"name":"Survey of ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}