Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献

{"title":"Fabrication of FeCoNi alloy film via friction-assisted selective area electrodeposition","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, carbon neutrality target has been receiving a growing attention in academia and industry. In many industry applications, the wear and fatigue damages of bearing components are the frequent failures affecting machine operation. The maintenance and replacement of damaged bearings cause enormous cost in the aspects of consumptions of energy and materials. In this study, a novel technique of friction-assisted electrodeposition (FAED) is firstly demonstrated for surface remanufacturing of worn bearing races. By using the FAED technique, FeCoNi alloys with nanocrystalline were successfully deposited on the selective surface zone. The surface morphology, microstructure feature as well as mechanical properties of the deposited FeCoNi film were quantitatively characterized. The results have indicated that friction load and electrodeposition time have a remarkable effect on the microstructure of the film and its surface finish. The cross-section exhibited a uniform distribution of Fe, Co and Ni. Meanwhile, typical amorphous and polycrystalline features were observed within the deposited film. Additionally, the as-deposited layer shows desired mechanical properties, including hardness, complex modulus and friction coefficient, matching with those of the GCr15 substrate. Scratch test results showed that a good bonding strength between the coating and the bearing steel was achieved. Moreover, the role of friction in the electrodeposition process has been analyzed. This work provides a new route to achieve selective area electrodeposition of alloy films on bearing steel, which can be further developed for metal surface repairing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural and mechanical properties of TiN/CrN and TiSiN/CrN multilayer coatings deposited in an industrial-scale HiPIMS system: Effect of the Si incorporation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface engineering through the deposition of advanced coatings, particularly multilayer coatings has gained significant interest for enhancing the performance of coated parts. The incorporation of Si into TiN coatings has shown promise for improving hardness, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability, while high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) has emerged as a technique to deposit coatings with exceptional properties. However, TiN/CrN and TiSiN/CrN coatings deposited by HiPIMS remain relatively unexplored. In this study, different TiN/CrN and TiSiN/CrN multilayer coatings with different bilayer periods from 5 to 85 nm were deposited using an industrial-scale HiPIMS reactor, and their microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated using advanced characterization techniques. Results revealed successful deposition of smooth and compact coatings with controlled bilayer periods. X-ray diffraction analysis showed separate crystalline phases for coatings with high bilayer periods, while those with smaller bilayer periods exhibited peak-overlapping and superlattice overtones, especially for the TiN/CrN coatings. Epitaxial grain growth was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). HRTEM and electron energy-loss spectroscopy measurements confirmed Si incorporation into the TiN crystal lattice of TiSiN/CrN coatings reducing the crystallinity, especially for coatings with smaller bilayer periods. Nanoindentation tests revealed that coatings with a bilayer period of 15–20 nm displayed the highest hardness values regardless of the composition. The mechanical properties of the TiSiN/CrN coatings showed no improvement over those of the TiN/CrN coatings, attributed to the Si induced amorphization of the Ti(<em>Si</em>)N phase and the absence of SiN_x phase segregation within the TiN nanocrystals in these coatings. These findings provide valuable insights into the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiN/CrN and TiSiN/CrN multilayer coatings deposited by HiPIMS in an industrial scale reactor, paving the way for their application in various industrial sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maintaining solar cell efficiency realized by high-transparency dual-function SiO2 coating with self-cleaning and dust removal","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the issue of dust deposition on photovoltaic (PV) panels is of profound scientific significance and practical value for enhancing PV power generation. Transparent superhydrophobic coating is expected to be applied in the self-cleaning of PV panels. However, developing the transparent superhydrophobic dust removal coatings remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a highly transparent F-SiO₂ coating with dual self-cleaning and dust removal functions, composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and SiO₂. The coating demonstrates a high transmittance of 97 %. After self-cleaning and dust removal tests, conversion efficiency of F-SiO₂ coated PV decreased by only 0.03 % and 0.01 %, respectively, demonstrating excellent self-cleaning and dust removal performance. Additionally, the F-SiO₂ exhibits high stability. Mechanism analysis of dust removal performance reveals that the decreased effective dielectric constant from the porous structure and the reduced actual contact area between the particles and the superhydrophobic surface, thereby effectively reduces the van der Waals force between dust and coating. This work provides a novel strategy to prepare self-cleaning and dust removal coatings on PV cover plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of nitrogen and niobium incorporation in bcc-chromium coatings on microstructure and mechanical properties","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stoichiometric CrN and Cr:N with different nitrogen (N) content are of interest for hard coating applications. In the Cr-N material system, bcc-Cr rich coatings, containing a few percent of diluted N, provide tunability in microstructure and mechanical properties. Additionally, the incorporation of Nb into the CrN_x coatings may further tailor the materials properties. In this work, bcc-CrN_x and CrNbN_x coatings were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering, and their mechanical and microstructural characteristics were investigated as a function of N content. Depending on the N content, the phases observed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) varied from metallic bcc-Cr, mixed bcc-Cr/h-Cr₂N, to h-Cr₂N/CrN. X-ray reflectivity (XRR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements show that a dense and nearly columnar-free bcc-CrN_x coatings was obtained at ~13–25 at.% of N, while CrNbN_x coatings composed of dense, column-free, and featureless microstructure at a N content of ~10–20 at.%. The dense and nearly column-free microstructure composed of dispersion of Cr₂N grains into the bcc-Cr matrix for both CrN_x and CrNbN_x coatings, as shown by high resolution transmission electron microscope analysis (HRTEM). Nanoindentation revealed a hardening of the coatings due to the grain refinement, solid solution strengthening, and variation in phase content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abradable ytterbium disilicate environmental barrier coatings: A story of CMAS and combined CMAS-erosion performance","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abradable environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) can be implemented to realise crucial gains in gas turbine efficiency. The aim of this study was to better understand how abradable coatings perform when exposed to molten calcium magnesium alumino-silicates (CMAS), one of the key challenges facing current EBC design, and how this exposure affects the mechanical properties of the abradable coatings. In this study, three ytterbium disilicate (Yb₂Si₂O₇) abradable EBCs containing 8, 15 and 22 % porosity were deposited using atmospheric plasma spraying. These coatings were then exposed to CMAS at high temperatures for 0.5 h, 4 h and 100 h. The results show that increasing the overall level of porosity had minimal impact on the degree of CMAS infiltration and interaction observed in the coatings during exposure. Reaction with the CMAS occurred by a dissolution-precipitation mechanism, with a reprecipitated ytterbium disilicate phase and Yb-apatite (Ca₂Yb₈(SiO₄)₆O₂) crystals noted as the only reaction products. After 100 h CMAS exposure, the erosion resistance of the coatings was investigated. For all the coatings, ductile failure was the main erosion mechanism. The change in phase composition and microstructure after CMAS exposure led to an increase in erosion resistance for all the coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing performance: Pre-processing heat treatment's influence on fast multiple rotation rolling of friction-surfaced Al-16Si-4Cu alloy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the influence of pre-processing heat treatment on the fast-multiple rotation rolling (FMRR) of Al-16Si-4Cu alloy friction-surfaced onto the AA1050 aluminum substrate. Results showed that applying solid solution treatment before both the friction surfacing and FMRR processes yielded the thinnest coating thickness (1.4 ± 0.2 mm). Moreover, using a solid solution-treated Al-16Si-4Cu alloy rod resulted in the smallest average size of Si particles (4.2 ± 0.1 μm) in the FMRR-treated layer. Additionally, the most uniform distribution and smallest size of Al₂Cu precipitates in the FMRR-treated layer were achieved by subjecting the alloy to solid solution treatment prior to both FMRR and friction surfacing. Notably, solid solution treatment preceding both FMRR and friction surfacing processes produced maximum nano-hardness (10.42 ± 0.54 GPa), shear strength (174.32 ± 9.21 MPa), and elastic modulus (221.03 ± 0.54 GPa) in the clad layer. Furthermore, pre-processing with solid solution heat treatment led to the lowest wear rate of the clad layer, exhibiting a reduction of 74.47 % compared to the AA1050 substrate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact abrasive wear of tungsten carbide reinforced NiBSi coating fabricated by plasma transferred arc welding","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of spherical cast eutectic WC/W₂C (WCSC) reinforced Ni alloy coatings is limited by insufficient understanding of the microstructure evolution and its impact on abrasive wear behavior, which makes it challenging to enhance wear performance through microstructure control. In this study, NiBSi alloy coating reinforced by WCSC particles was prepared using plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) technology. The microstructure of the coating was characterized using XRD, SEM, LCM, and TEM analysis. The results show that a large number of secondary carbides identified as W₂C, M₆C, and M₄C were generated due to the partial dissolution of WCSC in the Ni-based molten pool. Two kinds of eutectics formed in the matrix were determined to be γ-Ni + M₆C and γ-Ni + Ni₃B. The microstructure evolution mechanism was revealed with the aid of EPMA analysis and CALPHAD-type calculations. The microhardness of the matrix was increased by dispersion strengthening and solid solution strengthening. The impact abrasive wear performances were analyzed using the MLD-10 wear tester, and the maximum impact wear mass loss of coating was observed at an impact energy of 3 J. At an impact energy of 1 J, furrow-type wear and fatigue wear are the main wear mechanisms of the coating. WCSC particles can effectively prevent the cutting of the matrix by abrasive particles. With the increase of impact energy to 3 J, the wear mechanism of the coating is mainly dominated by the fatigue wear and spalling pits of the matrix, as well as the fatigue and spalling of the WCSC particles and secondary carbides. At a high impact energy of 5 J, the fragmentation and spalling of the WCSC particles were generated, and massive spalling pits existed in the matrix. It is suggested that the control of the degradation of the WCSC particles should be focused on in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the microstructure and high-temperature wear resistance of TiAl/WC coating modified via scanning electron beam","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, TiAl/WC cladding coatings were modified to improve high-temperature wear resistance by scanning electron beam treatment. Results of the microstructure reveal that the modified coatings are composed of an α₂-Ti₃Al matrix, with a high density of TiC reinforced phase and Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phase. At a scanning speed of 6 mm/s, TiAl/WC coating exhibits superior microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance. After the wear test at 800 °C, the minimum wear volume of modified TiAl/WC coating is 0.084 mm³, which is 4.47 times smaller than that of the TC21 substrate. It is mainly attributed to the dense and uniform distribution of hard TiC with a rigid supporting role and Ti₃AlC₂ MAX phases with a self-lubricating effect. Furthermore, due to the effect of frictional heat, the decomposition of Ti₃AlC₂ promoted the formation of a dense Al₂O₃ protective film. The wear mechanism of modified TiAl/WC coatings exhibits a synergistic occurrence of slight adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and oxidative wear. Scanning electron beam technology shows significant potential for extending the service life of the coatings in high-temperature environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of powders recycling on microstructure evolution and wear mechanism of plasma sprayed Ni625-WC composite coating","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization rate of metal powders during the preparation of plasma-sprayed coatings is typically below 70 %, which has raised significant concerns regarding efficiency. The microstructure evolution and wear mechanism of plasma-sprayed Ni625-WC composite coatings with received powders (C-p₁) and recovered powders (C-p₂) were studied to investigate the feasibility of powder recycling. The results showed that the boundary layer at WC particles in C-p₂ was 2.84 μm thicker than that in C-p₁. Decarburized WC products were dispersed nucleation to form block M₂₃C₆ at the boundary of WC particles and within Inconel 625 matrix in C-p₁. In contrast, the larger contact area of block M₂₃C₆ after initial heating promoted the nucleation and growth of acicular M₂₃C₆ in C-p₂. In addition, the wear rate of C-p₂ is 9.1 % lower than that of C-p₁. Although the higher elastic modulus (<em>E</em>) of C-p₁ caused the Inconel 625 matrix to adhere more strongly to WC particles, resulting in higher degree adhesive wear rather than exfoliations and less adhesion in C-p₂, the presence of harder and more uniformly distributed acicular M₂₃C₆, and higher microhardness (<em>H</em>)/<em>E</em> ratio in C-p₂, improved the wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and experimental study of femtosecond laser ablation mechanisms of NiCoCrAlY coatings","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the adhesion of turbine blade thermal barrier coating systems using the LST method, a thorough understanding of the ablation mechanism of NiCoCrAlY bond coat material by femtosecond laser systems is essential for producing high-quality textured grooves. This study systematically investigates the ablation mechanisms of NiCoCrAlY material, exploring the effects of laser energy density, laser scanning speed, and the number of laser scans on the ablation of NiCoCrAlY. Numerical simulations based on the two-temperature model were conducted, providing a comprehensive analysis of thermal effects, heat accumulation, and material response during the laser ablation process. The experimental results indicate that 1) the ablation phenomenon caused by heat accumulation becomes evident as the laser energy density increases from 1.948 J/cm² to 4.521 J/cm², with the accumulated heat reaching 1525.2 K, leading to distinct melting residues and heat-affected zones on the groove walls. 2) The change in laser scanning speed also affects heat accumulation. Using a laser scanning speed of 800 mm/s results in a high material removal rate, smooth machined walls, and a uniform surface with no significant heat-affected zones. 3) Excessively high numbers of laser scans shift the laser focus to the bottom of the groove. The high concentration of laser energy causes intense localized ablation, forming sharp bases with numerous cracks and melting residues. To achieve efficient and high-quality laser ablation, it is necessary to ensure that the number of scans remains below 40.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}