Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献

{"title":"Tribological behavior and wear mechanism of TiO2/MoS2 nanocomposite coatings fabricated on TC6 alloys by micro-arc oxidation and duplex surface technologies","authors":"Siyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Haixia Jiang ,&nbsp;Liman Chen ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Hu ,&nbsp;Longshi Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The TC6 alloy is featured with its lightweight nature, excellent corrosion resistance, and chemical stability, making it an ideal material for aerospace landing gear and transmission system. However, its low hardness and poor wear resistance significantly limit its reliability and service life. To address these limitations, wear-resistant and friction-reducing coatings were fabricated using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and duplex technologies, such as MAO plus magnetron sputtering (MS), MAO plus cold spraying (CS) and single-step MAO with MoS₂ additive. The results show that the composite coatings with MoS₂ introduced via MS and CS exhibited enhanced lubrication properties, reducing COF to 0.245 and 0.099, respectively, while achieving wear rate reductions between 75.94 % and 92.51 %. Notably, the TiO₂/MoS₂ composite coating prepared via single-step MAO process achieved the highest hardness (684.65 HV) and the lowest COF (0.079), along with a 92.18 % reduction in wear rate. The synergistic effect of hard TiO₂ and MoS₂ enhances lubrication and wear resistance, providing a promising approach for improving the tribological performance of titanium alloys. These findings confirm that one-step composite MAO coatings effectively improve the tribological properties of TC6 alloy, making them promising alternatives for wear-resistant aerospace components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impurity sources and incorporation pathways during sputter deposition of Mg and Al thin films","authors":"Shamsa Aliramaji ,&nbsp;Philipp Keuter ,&nbsp;Stanislav Mráz ,&nbsp;Deborah Neuß ,&nbsp;Marcus Hans ,&nbsp;Daniel Primetzhofer ,&nbsp;Diederik Depla ,&nbsp;Jochen M. Schneider","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Minimizing the impurity concentration in magnetron sputter deposited thin films is desired for the exploration of composition – structure – property relations. Thus, the integral impurity incorporation during growth into Mg and Al sputter deposited thin films is studied by systematic variations of the base pressure, the deposition rate, and the working gas purity. The deposition rate and the base pressure, which was measured before each deposition, were varied simultaneously, resulting in a variation of the impurity-to-metal flux ratios of factor &gt; 40. During growth, Ar gas purities of 99.999 and 99.9999 % were employed. Surprisingly, these systematic growth condition variations did not significantly alter the impurity concentration incorporated into Mg and Al thin films. While the modified parameters clearly are relevant for impurity incorporation, there appears to be at least one additional mechanism affecting the impurity incorporation during thin film growth operational. Mass spectrometry data revealed that residual gases desorb from surfaces within the vacuum chamber as soon as they are heated. Based on the measured thin film composition data, it is inferred that the magnitude of thermally desorbed residual gas appears to affect the impurity concentration to a larger extent than the systematic deposition parameter variations studied here. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the here investigated impurity incorporation is governed by the incorporation of thermally desorbed residual gases during thin film growth. Future impurity incorporation studies should, in addition to the base pressure before deposition, also quantify the residual gas partial pressures present during deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of fiber direction on the tribological behavior of carbon reinforced PEEK for application in gas turbine engines","authors":"Marie-Laurence Cliche ,&nbsp;Robert Mone ,&nbsp;Andre C. Liberati ,&nbsp;Pantcho Stoyanov","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conditions under which materials are expected to perform in the next generation of gas turbine engines are becoming increasingly challenging. Consequently, proper material selection is essential for extending the service life of engine components. Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) offer an alternative to traditional metals and alloys due to their high strength-to-weight ratios; however, their use in harsh environments is still limited. Previous studies have extensively characterized carbon-reinforced polymer composites, highlighting the effects of parallel and anti-parallel fiber orientations on their mechanical properties and tribological behavior. However, recent advancements in PMC manufacturing have enabled the production of carbon-reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with fibers oriented normal to the surface. While this innovative technology shows promise with respect to mechanical properties, the tribological behavior of PMCs featuring normal fiber orientation has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to enhance the understanding of how fiber orientation influences the tribological performance of carbon-reinforced polymers. Friction and wear tests were conducted on CF-PEEK films with fibers aligned in the normal direction, and the results were compared to those of standard modulus carbon fiber/PEEK unidirectional tape (UD) and unreinforced, pure PEEK films under various contact conditions. Worn surface characterization was performed through ex situ analysis, utilizing techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to reveal interfacial phenomena. A correlation between fiber orientation and wear and friction performance was established based on the different experimental parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 132212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable nanocrystalline high-entropy alloy coatings deposited by cold-spraying: Indentation deformation behavior evaluated by nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy","authors":"Kasimuthumaniyan Subramanian ,&nbsp;Moses A. Adaan-Nyiak ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aatif Qazi ,&nbsp;Maria Ophelia Jarligo ,&nbsp;Andre McDonald ,&nbsp;Philip Egberts ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Tiamiyu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The leading edges of structural components such as compressors and turbine blades operating in extreme environments undergo extensive erosive and abrasive wear from impinging solid erodents like abrasive sand particles. Although traditional coatings are extensively applied on the surfaces of such components for protection and to mitigate degradation, these coatings may not always withstand the impact of solid erodents. Here, newly developed lightweight, stable nanocrystalline high-entropy alloy (NC-HEA) coatings were deposited onto an A36 steel substrate using a cold-spray additive manufacturing method, while nanoindentation technique coupled with atomic force microscopy was used to assess their nanomechanical response. Despite being 25 % lighter, NC-HEA coatings exhibit nearly four times the hardness of the steel substrate. Furthermore, the deposited HEA coatings subjected to heat treatment show notable hardness and elastic moduli enhancement. This demonstrates the simultaneous stability of the NC-HEAs against grain growth even while hardness increases. Altogether, we investigate the stability of the NC-HEA coatings and elucidate the operational strengthening mechanisms that contribute to the increased hardness values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132221"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 to Ti–6Al–4V feedstock improves powder oxidation resistance and tensile strength in additively manufactured parts","authors":"Nicholas Derimow ,&nbsp;Joseph Gauspohl ,&nbsp;Alec I. Saville ,&nbsp;Jake T. Benzing ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Mansfield ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Gump ,&nbsp;Anthony Manerbino ,&nbsp;Jeremy Iten ,&nbsp;Nik Hrabe","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the ever-increasing interest into additive manufacturing (AM) via laser powder bed fusion (PBF-L) of Ti–6Al–4V , there have been numerous efforts to introduce different coatings onto the metal powder feedstock in order to achieve benefits in the PBF-L process. Whether for the purpose of dispersion strengthening, enhanced flowability, or grain refinement, there are several dry coating techniques that can be used to introduce a coating onto the metal powder. In the present investigation, we leverage atomic layer deposition (ALD), a thin-film coating technique, to uniformly coat a continuous layer of Al<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> onto a batch of Grade 23 Ti–6Al–4V powder. This ALD-coated feedstock was then used in PBF-L to build specimens for analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties in the as-built and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treated state. The ALD-coated feedstock displayed greater Hall flowability and oxidation resistance when measured via thermogravimetric analysis in air, with no significant changes to microstructure or bulk morphological features. The microstructure of the as-built and HIPed material stemming from the ALD-coated powder batch was indistinguishable from the material made from virgin powder feedstock, indicating that the ALD Al<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> layer dissolved into the melt pool and went into solution. The ALD condition had an approximate 80 MPa increase in tensile strength in the as-built condition, and an approximate 70 MPa increase in strength in the HIPed condition due to solid solution strengthening from the increased oxygen content of the ALD coating. The ALD HIPed condition, while somewhat lower in elongation and reduction of area relative to the virgin material after HIP, remained within common material specification requirements for PBF Ti–6Al–4V . While there was an increase in measured oxygen content after the ALD process, this work serves as a proof-of-concept for pre-treating Ti–6Al–4V feedstocks with ALD methodology to achieve benefits in flowability, oxidation resistance, and solid solution strengthening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132179"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ XRD investigations during nitriding of duplex steel 318LN","authors":"D. Manova ,&nbsp;J. Bauer ,&nbsp;A. Dalke ,&nbsp;S. Mändl","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitriding of duplex stainless steel 318LN was investigated using in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) to obtain details on the temporal evolution of the diffusion and the phase formation in the temperature range of 350–500 °C. Additionally, complementary results from ex-situ investigations are used obtain a comprehensive picture. In-situ XRD data show a fast nitrogen diffusion where the reflections of the underlying substrate are replaced by an expanded austenite phase. The diffusivities derived from in-situ XRD and Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) are nearly identical, yet the phase resolved data yield a slightly faster diffusion for ferrite than for the austenite matrix. Only for the highest temperature of 485 °C, a decay into CrN and a Fe<img>Ni phase is observed rather early, starting within 25 min. For 450 °C, no such decay has been observed.</div><div>Furthermore, in-situ XRD results obtained during etching after nitriding at 450 °C again are consistent with a single expanded austenite phase on top of the duplex steel substrate. However, complementary scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) investigations point towards a mixture of expanded austenite and an X-ray amorphous, highly disordered ferritic structure as the nitrogen containing phase with this second phase being completely invisible in XRD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"509 ","pages":"Article 132222"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophobic surfaces by duplex treatments of titanium combining nanosecond laser processing and chemical functionalization","authors":"Nataliya Zaitseva ,&nbsp;Iryna Tomashchuk ,&nbsp;Anna Krystianiak ,&nbsp;María del Carmen Marco de Lucas ,&nbsp;Virgil Optasanu ,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Jouvard ,&nbsp;Luc Lavisse","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Duplex treatment of titanium surfaces that consists in a nanosecond laser functionalization on air producing a rough oxide film and its subsequent chemical modification was investigated with the goal of obtaining highly hydrophobic surfaces suitable for self-cleaning and microfluidics applications. A pulsed nanosecond Nd:YAG laser with λ = 532 nm was used for the creation of anatase-rich sawtooth patterned substrates with a maximum roughness of 45 μm. The chemical modification of laser-treated surfaces with octylphosphonic acid (OPA) in the form of tetrahydrofuran (THF) or boiling water solutions was performed. The effect of modifier concentrations ranging from 10⁻² to 100 mM on the resulting organic load, layer structure and contact angles was investigated. The duplex-treated surfaces were characterized by SEM-EDS/WDS, XPS, XRD and Raman spectroscopy.</div><div>It was found that OPA solutions in THF resulted exclusively in the formation of monolayers (∼13 Å), with the completion of surface coverage at around 4.8 at.% P load according to XPS. Concentrated aqueous solutions of OPA produced an additional titanium (IV) octylphosphonate overlayer which brought the total thickness of organic layer to 25–29 Å at a maximum P amount approaching 8 at.%. Despite the different nature of the organic layers, all surfaces bearing at least 2.2 at. % P showed similar static contact angle of about 155°. Based on dynamic contact angle measurements, superhydrophobic behavior was confirmed both for the surfaces bearing complete OPA monolayers and titanium (IV) octylphosphonate overlayers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132223"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Pt/Ru ratios on the oxidation mechanism of MCrAlYTa coatings modified with PtRu overlays","authors":"Majid Hosseinzadeh,&nbsp;Erfan Salahinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of varying Pt/Ru ratios on the oxidation mechanism of NiCoCrAlYTa coatings with electrodeposited, vacuum-annealed Pt<img>Ru overlays. Weight change measurements, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for high-temperature oxidation analyses, showing superior resistance with higher Pt contents. This was attributed to the creation of a denser, thinner, and more homogeneous layer of alumina (α-Al₂O₃) in the thermally-grown oxide (TGO) layer. On the contrary, an increase in Ru contents led to the development of other oxides and microcracks along with alumina in the TGO layer, undermining oxidation protection. The accommodation of Ti and Ta, in the minimally-deteriorative form of carbide, along with Y into the TGO layer with increasing Pt contents further enhanced oxidation resistance. In addition to the explored significant impact of the Pt/Ru ratio on oxide scale characteristics and oxidation resistance, the lower cost of Ru compared to Pt suggests the potential for designing cost-effective systems through optimized Pt/Ru ratios and microstructural engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132224"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly quaternary ammonium modified PDMS coatings with integrated anti-bacterial, anti-algae, and marine anti-fouling properties","authors":"Zhuorui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Hao ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Huang ,&nbsp;Jiada Cui ,&nbsp;Hongyu Yang ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Selim ,&nbsp;Jian Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the ecological risks associated with the use of copper and booster biocides in anti-fouling coatings become increasingly apparent, the design and development of environmentally friendly marine anti-fouling coatings present novel challenges. In this study, we developed a polyurethane (PU) modified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) copolymer (PDMS-PU) and then quaternized the copolymer using four brominated alkanes with varying carbon chain lengths. The soft segment PDMS, hard segments <em>N</em>-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and strong cross-linked hydrogen bonds ensure the PDMS-PU polymer coatings with enhanced mechanical properties, good durability and static anti-algae properties. The quaternization of the coating resulted in a significant enhancement in its anti-bacterial and anti-algae performance. The modified coatings exhibited 99.1 % anti-bacterial inhibition against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and achieved 88.9 % and 80.2 % anti-algae inhibition rate for <em>Chlorella</em> and <em>P. tricornutum</em>, respectively. The anti-algae mechanism involves an increase in membrane potential followed by rupture, resulting in cellular damage and DNA leakage. In addition, the PDMS-PU-X coatings (where X = 4, 8, 12, 16, representing the number of carbon atoms in the bromoalkanes used for quaternization) demonstrated excellent anti-fouling performance against marine microorganisms, liquid pollutants, and pseudo-barnacle adhesion. The laboratory zebrafish toxicity tests further confirmed the coatings' non-toxicity toward non-target organisms. This study provides a novel strategy for developing environmentally friendly marine anti-fouling coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"509 ","pages":"Article 132211"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the relationship between particle melting degree and phase transformation of alumina and alumina-based solid solution powders during atmospheric plasma spraying","authors":"Maximilian Grimm ,&nbsp;Susan Conze ,&nbsp;Lutz-Michael Berger ,&nbsp;Thomas Lampke","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The polymorphism and the thermo-physical properties of alumina create significant challenges for deposition of thermally sprayed coatings. For a better understanding of the associated phenomena, in this study two feedstock powders (one commercial plain alumina powder and one experimental solid solution powder (initial composition 83.0 mol% Al₂O₃, 8.5 mol% Cr₂O₃ and 8.5 mol% TiO₂) both consisting mainly of the corundum phase were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) using three different spray parameter sets. For each parameter set, the plasma jet area was studied as well as the fluctuation using a high-speed camera. Particle temperature and velocity were measured using a particle diagnostic tool. In addition, powders were collected in flight to study the melting state of the particles to improve the understanding of the phase transformation. The results show that the particle melting state is closely related to the particle temperature and is significantly influenced by the electrical power and the particle velocity. The experimental Al₂O₃-based solid solution powder shows significantly improved melting behavior. Controlling the melting state of the particles in order to achieve a high amount of α-phase is more difficult for the plain Al₂O₃ powder than for the alumina-based solid solution powder. Under the conditions studied, for plain Al₂O₃, a deterioration of the particle melting state leads to a reduction in deposition efficiency without effect on the phase composition in the coating, while for the alumina-based solid solution, the phase composition can be influenced in favor of a higher α-phase content without affecting the deposition efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"510 ","pages":"Article 132220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}