ACS Nano最新文献

{"title":"Manipulating Synergetic Effect of Atomic-Level Chemical and Structural Fluctuations on Magnetism in High-Entropy Oxides","authors":"Ning Guo, Hanbin Gao, Qing-Qiao Fu, Yue Gong, Dongwei Wang, Qiang Zheng","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03674","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy oxides, which incorporate five or more distinct cations into a single crystallographic site, are attracting significant attention, owing to their often unexpected physical and chemical properties. However, understanding and manipulation of local chemical compositions and structures and their dominance on material performance remain a significant challenge. Here, we investigate a prototype antiferromagnetic high-entropy oxide (Mg_0.2Co_0.2Ni_0.2Cu_0.2Zn_0.2)O with rocksalt-type structure, and directly visualize local fluctuating lattice distortions and short-range ordering using advanced scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging. Degrees of chemical homogeneity and lattice distortions can be synergistically manipulated through thermal treatment temperatures, leading to correlative changes in the antiferromagnetic interaction and magnetic properties. We propose that local chemical and structural fluctuations synergistically affect magnetic interactions, with higher-temperature sintering reducing fluctuations and enhancing magnetic coupling. This work provides insights into the tunability of local fluctuating compositions and structures in high-entropy oxides, contributing to the desired functionalities in more high-entropy materials.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germanene-Based Two-Dimensional Magnet with Tunable Properties","authors":"Andrey V. Matetskiy, Alessandro Barla, Paolo Moras, Carlo Carbone, Valeria Milotti, Carlo Alberto Brondin, Zipporah Rini Benher, Mariia Holub, Philippe Ohresser, Edwige Otero, Fadi Choueikani, Igor A. Shvets, Alexey N. Mihalyuk, Sergey V. Eremeev, Polina M. Sheverdyaeva","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03331","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic order engineering in two-dimensional Dirac systems is of great interest for theoretical and technological exploration. Up to now, the experimental advances in this field mostly concerned graphene monolayers. Here, we report a comprehensive study of a monolayer-thick germanene-like sheet in contact with gadolinium atoms. Direct observations supported by first-principles calculations reveal the fingerprints of the Dirac fermions in the electronic structure and noncollinear antiferromagnetism. The hybridization of the germanene layer with Gd atoms leads to a large and tunable gap in the Dirac states that carry a nonzero spin-Berry curvature. We discovered that cesium-induced controlled electron doping can switch the system into a ferromagnetic state and then back to the antiferromagnetism at saturated cesium monolayer limit. We explain these reversible magnetic transitions by the oscillatory behavior of the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction and suggest that this system could find application in magnetoelectronics and spintronics.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress and Challenges of 2D van der Waals Multi-Valued Logic Technology","authors":"Kyu-Hyun Han, Hyun-Yong Yu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c02629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c02629","url":null,"abstract":"Since the inception of the semiconductor industry, binary logic computing systems have been deeply embedded in our community. However, with the advent of the AI era, the information processing speed of Si CMOS-based binary logic systems has reached its limits with the current technology. For overcoming this, multi-valued logic (MVL) has garnered attention as a high-density computing system that can rapidly process large amounts of information due to there being fewer unit devices and it having low power consumption compared to binary logic. Furthermore, as we approach the 1 nm node era by Moore’s Law, 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials are highlighted for their potential to overcome the limitations of Si materials. Therefore, 2D vdW MVL technology represents the next-generation high-density computing system that is essential for device miniaturization. Here, this review introduces the technological advancements of 2D vdW MVL. First, the history of 2D vdW MVL and the various operation principles are explained for implementing MVL technology. Next, various techniques for implementing vdW MVL were categorized, and the development of these techniques was discussed over time. Finally, this review presents the conclusion by examining the current technological status of vdW MVL and its future prospects.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144177234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capillary Force-Driven Capture of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Calcium Phosphate Hollow-Tube Whisker Scaffolds for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head","authors":"Yi Zhou, Cong Feng, Xiaolong Yang, Jiang Yu, Xiangfeng Li, Weili Fu, Xiangdong Zhu, Jian Li, Xingdong Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c02874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c02874","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive glucocorticoid use disrupts osteogenesis and angiogenesis in the femoral head, leading to steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH), which is a significant clinical challenge. This study introduces a magnetically responsive biphasic calcium phosphate (HBCP/Fe₃O₄) scaffold featuring a nanoparticle-embedded hollow-tube whisker structure. The scaffold was fabricated through an <i>in situ</i> growth process to generate hollow-tube whiskers, followed by a capillary trapping technique that allowed the hollow-tube whiskers to capture Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs), achieving uniform and efficient encapsulation. HBCP/Fe₃O₄ exhibited excellent magnetic responsiveness and significant biological effects under static magnetic field (SMF) stimulation. <i>In vitro</i>, HBCP/Fe₃O₄ under SMF promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a glucocorticoid microenvironment, enhanced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and induced M2 polarization of RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells (RAW 264.7). Furthermore, HBCP/Fe₃O₄ under SMF stimulation orchestrated paracrine signaling from endothelial and immune cells, thereby enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Mechanistically, the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was driven by magnetic stimulation-induced Piezo1-mediated Ca²⁺ influx, which activated BMP-2/Smad signaling and upregulated key osteogenic markers. <i>In vivo</i>, the implantation of HBCP/Fe₃O₄ scaffolds under SMF stimulation in a rabbit SONFH model promoted coordinated therapeutic effects, including robust bone regeneration, <i>in situ</i> revascularization, immunomodulation, and preservation of femoral head cartilage. Together, these findings support the clinical relevance of this magnetically responsive scaffold as a multifunctional strategy for delaying structural deterioration and facilitating comprehensive repair in SONFH.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells with Nanocrystalline Silicon Oxide Emitter for Achieving High Fill Factor","authors":"Qi Wang, Cui Yuhan, Fengzhen Liu, Dongsheng Liu, Zongheng Sun, Gangqiang Dong, Junming Huang, Yuqin Zhou, Yurong Zhou","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03395","url":null,"abstract":"Emitter and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films are the critical functional layers of extremely promising silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. Here, p-type nanocrystalline silicon oxide (nc-SiO_<i>x</i>:H(p⁺)) are employed as the emitter, replacing the widely used nanocrystalline silicon. The nc-SiO_<i>x</i>:H shows a mixed-phase structural characteristic of nanocrystalline silicon grains and amorphous silicon oxide, in which the former spans the whole emitter, facilitating the carrier collection. A variety of TCO films, including Ce, Sn, or Hf doped and undoped indium oxides, are optimized for the nc-SiO_<i>x</i>:H(p⁺) emitter. Film quality, work function, and bandgap states of the TCO films affect the contact resistivity of TCO/nc-SiO_<i>x</i>:H(p⁺) and the solar cell performance. Using Ce doped indium oxide (ICO) with high mobility and certain bandgap states as the TCO layers, an efficiency of 26.29% and a high fill factor (FF) of 86.21% are achieved on the champion bifacial SHJ solar cells.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Macrophage-Targeted Atherosclerosis Treatment by miRNA-Delivered, MRI-Visible, and Anti-Inflammatory Nanomedicine","authors":"Xiaodan Li, Yixin Chen, Xin Cao, Wei Feng, Yu Chen, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c16585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c16585","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis, a principal cause of fatal cardiovascular diseases, is fundamentally a chronic inflammatory disease. Addressing this, the combined regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation through synergistic modalities offers an efficient therapeutic avenue. In this work, we rationally designed and engineered a highly efficient functional nanosystem, referred to as polydopamine nanoparticles doped with arginine and gadolinium ions (AGPDAR-146a), for the targeted delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides, specifically microRNA-146a (miR-146a), to inflammatory macrophages within atherosclerotic plaques. AGPDAR-146a nanoparticles effectively load and deliver miR-146a, achieving enhanced accumulation in inflammatory macrophages through the specific interaction between miR-146a and class A scavenger receptors. Functionally, AGPDAR-146a nanoparticles excel in eliminating reactive oxygen species and exert anti-inflammatory effects, principally by modulating the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells pathway and the interferon regulatory factor 5 protein, consequently helping to reduce and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. Additionally, the intrinsic T₁ magnetic resonance imaging capability of AGPDAR-146a nanoparticles enables real-time visualization of the progression of plaque inflammation. Therefore, the engineered nanosystem not only underscores the therapeutic potential of miR-146a in atherosclerosis but also illustrates a versatile microRNA delivery strategy applicable to various diseases characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltage-Driven All-Solid-State Ionic Control on Co/CoO Antiferromagnet/Ferromagnet Exchange Bias","authors":"Gabriel Vinicius de Oliveira Silva, Labanya Ghosh, Rabiul Islam, Clodoaldo Irineu Levartoski de Araujo, Guo-Xing Miao","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03052","url":null,"abstract":"Spintronics traditionally relies on a large electric current to create magnetic fields or spin torques to manipulate magnetic properties, which inevitably leads to undesirable energy dissipation. Alternatively, the voltage control of magnetism (VCM) promises significantly lower energy costs. In the context of VCM, magneto-ionics distinguishes itself by leveraging voltage-driven ion transport as an energy-efficient approach to control magnetic properties, including magnetization, coercive field, and exchange bias (EB). Herein, we demonstrate that the voltage-driven ionic control of CoO antiferromagnetism allows manipulation of the magnetic properties in exchange-coupled ferromagnetic Co. In a “battery-like” device geometry, a 5 nm Co film is precisely oxidized to realize the Co/CoO heterostructure that is interfaced with a solid-state electrolyte and an anode-like Li ion source. The cathode-like CoO layer reversibly converts back and forth between Co and CoO under gate biases, even after 1000 cycles. This subsequently influences magnetic switching in the exchange-coupled Co layer, which is directly revealed by anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) in the Co channel. Our findings demonstrate an efficient method of all-solid-state, voltage-driven, highly reversible ionic control on magnetic channels, offering additional dimensions of control and mass integration capability for spintronic applications.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar Ammonia Synthesis: Near-Complete Conversion of Intermediated Nitrogen Energy Carrier via the N2–NO–NH3 Route","authors":"Jielin Wang, Chunling Zhang, Shiyong Mou, Jieyuan Li, Ruimin Chen, Lei Xiao, Wei Wu, Fan Dong","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c02657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c02657","url":null,"abstract":"N₂ fixation into NH₃ under ambient conditions remains greatly challenging, where a relay scheme by plasma-enabled N₂ oxidation (<i>p</i>N₂OR) and the NO reduction reaction (NORR) can be a practical route. However, the efficient conversion of NO, as the intermediate nitrogen energy carrier, has not been accomplished due to the limited mass transfer of NO in the reaction solution. Here, a tandem <i>p</i>N₂OR and photocatalytic NORR route (N₂–NO–NH₃) is developed to achieve sustainable NH₃ synthesis with near-complete NO conversion. The highly concentrated NO (∼1%), produced via <i>p</i>N₂OR, is introduced to an absorption-photocatalysis scheme, where the efficiencies for synchronous NO dissolution and photoreduction are significantly promoted. This system delivers a near 100% NO conversion ratio and superior NH₃ selectivity (98.33% ± 0.75%) and stability (240 h) in a single-pass continuous flow. This research has successfully developed a highly profitable production route, yielding a substantial profit of $3000 per ton for NH₄COOH as the final product.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outer Membrane Vesicles from Caulobacter crescentus: A Platform for Recombinant Antigen Presentation","authors":"Luis David Ginez, Aurora Osorio, Víctor Correal-Medina, Thelma Arenas, Claudia González-Espinosa, Laura Camarena, Sebastian Poggio","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c17885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c17885","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are an emerging and attractive technology for the generation of vaccines. Their properties as natural adjuvants, size, acellularity, and comparative cost of production favor their use as vaccines. Two major caveats for the use of OMVs as vaccines are their biological safety, since OMVs can induce a severe and even fatal inflammatory response and that they are naturally produced in low amounts. In this study, we show that a strategy to induce the production of OMVs applied to the nonpathogenic bacterium <i>Caulobacter crescentus</i> results in a strain with good OMV yields. In comparison with the OMVs derived from <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12, the OMVs from <i>C. crescentus</i> induce a lower inflammatory response in an <i>in vivo</i> murine model of acute inflammation and in a human cell assay. Also, only minor signs of pain in mice were observed even at high doses. The <i>C. crescentus</i> OMVs can be efficiently loaded with a recombinant protein and induce antibody production against it with an adjuvant effect, indicating that these OMVs are viable vehicles for the presentation of recombinant antigens. These results support the use of the OMVs obtained from <i>C. crescentus</i> as a safe and effective platform for the development of low-cost vaccines.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisite Active Material for High-Performance Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes and Active-Matrix Displays","authors":"Yuan-Hang Wu, Yang Shen, Bing-Feng Wang, Yu-Tong Wang, Shi-Chi Feng, Yi Yu, Yu-Hang Zhang, Zhenhuang Su, Xingyu Gao, Yanqing Li, Jian-Xin Tang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c03916","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to improve the performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have predominantly centered on two key strategies: defect passivation and phase modulation, both of which aim to mitigate nonradiative recombination. While recent advances have explored the synergistic mechanisms in multiadditive systems, the inherent multifunctionality of single-additive systems remains underexplored. Here, we investigate a biopharmaceutical agent, ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB), with multifunctional groups as a multifunctional perovskite crystallization regulator. The presence of abundant electron-rich moieties (e.g., −OH and −NH₂) facilitates efficient passivation of perovskite grain boundaries via multiple coordination bonds (e.g., O:Pb and N:Pb). These functional groups also exhibit a strong propensity to form hydrogen bonds with halogen ions, thereby effectively suppressing the formation of halogen vacancies and inhibiting ion migration. Furthermore, AMB impedes the adsorption of the spacer molecule phenylethylamine (PEA) on the octahedron surface and competes with PEA for coordination sites, thereby promoting the formation of well-aligned layered phases and enhancing exciton transfer efficiency. Consequently, we obtained spectrally stable sky-blue PeLEDs with a high external quantum efficiency of 22.42%. High-quality active-matrix array displays are further demonstrated, achieving precise independent control of each pixel. These displays exhibit superior brightness and color consistency, making them highly promising for advanced optoelectronic applications.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}