ACS Nano最新文献

{"title":"A Bispecific Nanobridge Derived from Immunogenic Tumor Membranes Restores Dendritic Cell–T Cell Crosstalk for Enhanced Solid Tumor Immunotherapy","authors":"Xueqian Li,&nbsp;Lei Qiao,&nbsp;Wanrong Wang,&nbsp;Yan Xiong,&nbsp;Le Zhang,&nbsp;Guisong Shan,&nbsp;Qiuting Sun,&nbsp;Tao Ding,&nbsp;Xiaoyan He","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c11994","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c11994","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In solid tumors, communication between dendritic cells(DCs) andT cells is impaired by poor immune infiltration and lack of physicalcontact, limiting current immunotherapies. Here, we develop a bispecificimmune-bridging platform (NVMB) to address these limitations. NVMBconsists of tumor cell membrane-derived nanovesicles enriched withdamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate DCs andsupport T-cell responses. The vesicle surface is further functionalizedwith two aptamers targeting DCs and CD8⁺ T cells, respectively,thereby enhancing their spatial proximity and facilitating functionalDC–T cell interactions. This biomimetic design combines colloidalstability with programmable surface functionalization. Mechanistically,NVMB promotes DC–T interactions and enhances activation-associatedphenotypes in both cell populations. In multiple immunocompetent mousetumor models, NVMB suppresses tumor growth, increases intratumoralaccumulation of mature DCs and activated CD8⁺ T cells,and reshapes the tumor microenvironment transcriptome toward enhancedantitumor immune responses. Moreover, combination with immune checkpointblockade (ICB) further improves antitumor efficacy compared with eithermonotherapy, supporting the potential of NVMB as a complementary strategyfor enhancing ICB responses. In patient-derived cocultures of circulatingtumor cells (CTCs) and autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs), NVMB enhances T-cell-mediated clearance of CTCs. These findingssupport NVMB as a stable and modular nanoplatform that integratesimmunogenic signaling with immune-cell spatial coordination, providinga promising strategy for strengthening antitumor immunity and improvingthe efficacy of existing immunotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27890–27907"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Biexciton Generation under Energy-Time Entangled Quantum Light in Quantum Dots","authors":"Kaiyue Peng,&nbsp;Chieh Tsao,&nbsp;Hendrik Utzat,&nbsp;Eran Rabani","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c10075","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c10075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantumlight provides opportunities for controllingmultiphotonabsorption beyond the classical limits. Here, we investigate biexcitongeneration in nanocrystal quantum dots driven by energy-time-entangledphoton pairs generated via spontaneous parametric downconversion.We show that frequency–time correlations between pairs of photonsincrease the population of biexcitons over excitons, thereby lendingspecificity to the excitation of many-body states. By employing athree-level model, we demonstrate that biexciton generation dependsnontrivially on the photon entanglement time and pump bandwidth. Wefind that maximizing efficiency requires an optimally shaped entangledphoton field rather than simply scaling parameters for a monotonicimprovement. Extending to a realistic CdSe/CdS core–shell quantumdot containing many excitonic states coupled to the quantum field,we demonstrate that increasing the biphoton arrival-time entanglement(closer arrival time) enhances constructive pathway interference andexpands accessible excitation channels while preserving better energy-conservationin excitation than classical light when generating biexcitons. Furthermore,tuning the time-correlation properties enables selective excitationof closely spaced biexciton states. These results establish entangledphotons as tools for selective excitation and control of higher-orderexcited states in quantum-confined systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27807–27817"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Energy Excitations in a [4]Triangulene Honeycomb Antiferromagnet","authors":"Aidan Delgado,Carolin Dusold,James Wu,Jingwei Jiang,Christina M. Dadich,Adam Cronin,Steven G. Louie,Felix R. Fischer","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c11666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c11666","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon-based synthetic lattices offer a versatile platform for the realization and control of correlated quantum effects at the nanoscale. Advances in on-surface synthesis have enabled the fabrication of increasingly complex molecular frameworks, providing opportunities for the exploration and engineering of custom tailored electronic and magnetic phases. Here, we report the design, on-surface synthesis, and characterization of a two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic framework (COF) assembled from D3h symmetric S = 3/2 [4]triangulene building blocks arranged in a honeycomb structure. Combined scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy, corroborated by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and GW calculations, establish an antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating ground state. Low energy spectroscopy resolves spin excitations in both one-dimensional (1D) chains and extended 2D networks, providing direct insight into the emergent spin dynamics and establishing a modular platform to explore quantum magnetism in a π-conjugated organic system.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomesh Bioelectronics Inspired by Basement Membrane for In Situ Monitoring of Oxidative Stress at the Alveolar-Capillary Barrier","authors":"Yi Zhao,Wen-Ting Fan,Meng-Yuan Sun,Yu-Jun Zhang,Rong-Rong Xiao,Wei-Hua Huang,Yan-Ling Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c14428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c14428","url":null,"abstract":"Inhalable pollutants can cross the alveolar-capillary barrier into the bloodstream, and pollutant-elicited oxidative stress at this barrier is a well-recognized pathogenic driver of systemic diseases. However, direct quantification of oxidative stress at the dynamic alveolar-capillary barrier has remained unattainable due to the lack of sensing tools, substantially limiting our understanding of pollutant toxicology and associated pathogenesis. Herein, we develop nanomesh bioelectronics that simultaneously function as a basement membrane analogue and an electrochemical sensor. The bioelectronic interface recapitulates the native basement membrane’s nanofibrous architecture, ultrathin geometry, high permeability, and mechanical properties, while exhibiting stable electrochemical responses to H2O2 under cyclic stretching. When incorporated into lung-on-a-chip, the bioelectronics enable simultaneous reconstruction of the alveolar-capillary barrier and in situ quantification of oxidative stress during respiratory stretching. Using benzo[a]pyrene as a model carcinogenic pollutant, we uncover a biphasic regulatory role of vascular endothelium: an intact endothelium reinforces epithelial resistance to pollutant stimuli, whereas endothelial dysfunction converts protective crosstalk into pathological oxidative amplification. Rat models further confirm that systemic vascular health shapes pulmonary responses to environmental insults. The proposed bioelectronics provide a versatile tool for engineering biological barriers and dissecting intercompartmental crosstalk.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Engineering of Human CD9 for Extracellular Vesicle Surface Display of Nanobodies Using Single-Vesicle Imaging","authors":"Arek V. Melkonian,&nbsp;Chungmin Han,&nbsp;David R. Walt","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c12478","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c12478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging nanoscale platformsfortargeted drug delivery, yet rational design of their surface compositionis limited by a lack of systematic, high-throughput approaches foridentifying productive protein-display constructs. Here, we engineerthe human tetraspanin CD9 as a modular scaffold for displaying nanobodies(VHHs) on recombinant EV surfaces, using a high-throughput single-EVimaging platform to screen candidate constructs at the individualvesicle level. Guided by conservation analysis and structural prediction,we mapped seven insertion sites across CD9’s extracellularloops and termini and identified positions that support functionaltransgene display. Nonconserved regions within the short extracellularloop (SEL) yielded the highest counts of functional recombinant EVs– an empirical result that runs counter to the <em>a priori</em> expectation that the larger long extracellular loop (LEL) wouldbe more permissive. We demonstrate the platform’s modularityby interchangeably incorporating fluorescent proteins and VHHs againstGFP, HER2, EGFR, and PD-L1 at optimized SEL positions, where the displayedVHHs bound their cognate antigens with high specificity (∼70–90%co-localization and minimal off-target binding). Co-transfection ofhost cells with dual constructs yielded EVs co-displaying two independentfunctional moieties on ∼80% of vesicles. This work establishessingle-EV imaging as a fast and quantitative screening tool for identifyingproductive surface-display constructs and provides a generalizableworkflow for producing multifunctional, transgene-displaying EVs withpotential downstream bioanalytical, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27920–27930"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149088341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioorthogonal Assembly of Cell-Nanoparticle Hybrids Enables Synergistic Cancer Therapy","authors":"Yuteng Chu,&nbsp;Yuan Chen,&nbsp;Xiuzhi Xie,&nbsp;Ruibing Yu,&nbsp;Meilin Qiao,&nbsp;Dechun Yang,&nbsp;Yi Hua,&nbsp;Yue Cai,&nbsp;Hong Wang,&nbsp;Xiaobao Bi,&nbsp;Xuanrong Sun","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c12455","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c12455","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrating nanoparticles (NPs) with living cells intoa unifiedtherapeutic system remains a major methodological challenge. Here,we describe a robust and modular bioorthogonal strategy for constructingcell-nanoparticle hybrids (CNHs) via sequential thiazolidine formationand SpyCatcher/SpyTag ligation. This two-step chemical assembly enableshighly specific and covalent conjugation of structurally diverse NPpayloads─including ferritin nanocages, lipid micelles, andamphiphilic polymers─onto aldehyde-presenting cell surfaceswithout genetic modification, ensuring broad applicability while preservingcellular functionality. The resulting CNHs exhibit enhanced nanoparticleretention and tumor penetration both <em>in vitro and in vivo</em>. In a colorectal cancer xenograft model, CNHs demonstrate superiorantitumor efficacy compared with free drugs, unconjugated NPs, orunmodified macrophages. Mechanistic studies indicate that the enhancedtumor inhibition arises from the combined effects of chemotherapeuticdrug-loaded NPs and the intrinsic properties of macrophages. Collectively,these results demonstrate a versatile chemical framework for bioorthogonalcell-nanoparticle assembly and the rational design of functional livinghybrid systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27931–27948"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sliding Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions with Ultrahigh Tunneling Electroresistance","authors":"Haolin You,Chen Shao,Saagar Kolachina,Adrian Jonathan Lim,Robert Boyd,Chengdong Wang,Fan Fei,Carter Fox,Sina Najmaei,Jun Xiao,Daniel A. Rhodes,Xiaofeng Qian,Ying Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c11972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c11972","url":null,"abstract":"Sliding ferroelectricity in van der Waals materials offers an appealing route to compact, nonvolatile, atomically thin ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) with low switching energy, but achieving a large resistance contrast in such devices remains challenging because the weak out-of-plane polarization provides limited electrostatic modulation of the tunneling barrier. Here, using bilayer rhombohedral MoS2 as a sliding ferroelectric barrier, we demonstrate room-temperature sliding FTJs with tunneling electroresistance (TER) values exceeding 3.2 × 105. We show that this giant contrast arises from a height–width hybrid tunneling mechanism, in which polarization reversal simultaneously modulates the tunnel barrier height and switches a nanoscale interfacial depletion width, yielding exponential amplification of the tunneling contrast. Spatially resolved tunneling, piezoresponse, and Raman measurements reveal that local strain, rather than ferroelectric domain walls, dominates spatial variations in the TER by modulating the sliding ferroelectric dipole strength, the OFF-state depletion width, and the resulting TER amplification. Finally, planar 3R-MoS2 FTJs further validate this mechanism by exhibiting a TER above 105, a switching energy density of several fJ μm–2, and projected endurance beyond 106. These results provide fundamental insight into the nanoscale electrostatics in sliding ferroelectric-based tunnel junctions while pointing toward low-energy, high-contrast nonvolatile memory applications.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable Independently Tunable MoS2 Memtransistor via Contact-Engineering for Cardiac Signal Processing","authors":"Durgadevi Elamaran,&nbsp;Masahiro Sakai,&nbsp;Liu Huiqin,&nbsp;Ryoichiro Naoi,&nbsp;Takashi Kobayashi,&nbsp;Kai Qi,&nbsp;Vincent Tung,&nbsp;Soma Sakota,&nbsp;Takeshi Yoshimura,&nbsp;Norifumi Fujimura,&nbsp;Bang Lu,&nbsp;Rafika Amalia Annur,&nbsp;Satoru Takakusagi,&nbsp;Daisuke Kiriya","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c10356","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c10356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reliable and scalable neuromorphiccomputing demandsmemristivedevices with deterministic analog tunability. While vertical structuresenable high integration density, planar architectures are essentialfor complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible memtransistorplatforms governed by lateral charge transport. However, resistiveswitching in widely reported memristive devices is dominated by nucleationor filament-driven conduction between electrodes, constraining analogtunability, reproducibility, and scalability. Here, we demonstratecharge-transfer based contact engineering strategy that enables device-level,independently tunable deterministic resistive switching through controlledinterfacial charge trapping/detrapping. Dynamic modulation of themetal-semiconductor Schottky barrier by interfacial trap states enablesdevice-independent, nucleation-free, and gate-free resistive switchingwith a ∼10² ratio. Temperature-dependent transportexhibits linear Arrhenius behavior of ln (<em>I</em>_D/<em>T</em>^3/2) vs. 1/<em>T</em> withbias dependent slopes, confirming thermally activated, interface-limitedconduction. Under gate-free operation, continuous drain current modulationsupports reliable synaptic functions, including long-term potentiation/depressionand spike-time-dependent-plasticity. Cardiac signal processing isfurther validated through ECG arrhythmia classification using theMIT–BIH database.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27818–27828"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149088343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected 4 × 4 Charge Density Wave in 1H-NbTe2 Monolayer","authors":"Noor ul Ain,&nbsp;Alireza Amiri,&nbsp;Fabian Calleja,&nbsp;Beatriz Muñiz Cano,&nbsp;Archit Dhingra,&nbsp;Riccardo Rurali,&nbsp;Amadeo L. Vázquez de Parga,&nbsp;Rodolfo Miranda,&nbsp;Miguel A. Valbuena,&nbsp;Enric Canadell,&nbsp;Jose Angel Silva-Guillén,&nbsp;Manuela Garnica","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c07014","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c07014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transition metalditellurides exhibit structural and electronicproperties distinct from their selenide and sulfide counterparts,including the stabilization of multiple charge density wave (CDW)phases. Within the niobium compound family, notable differences instructure are also observed: bulk NbTe₂ crystallizes inthe 1<em>T</em> phase, distinguishing it from NbSe₂ and NbS₂, which typically adopt both the 2<em>H</em> and 1<em>T</em> structures. However, in this work, we reportthe unexpectedly successful synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) islandsof the metastable 1<em>H</em>-NbTe₂ phase via molecularbeam epitaxy on epitaxial graphene supported on Ir(111). The phaseis identified by its characteristic hexagonal lattice in combinationwith distinct spectroscopic features and the presence of mirror twinboundaries. A comprehensive analysis combining scanning tunnelingspectroscopy (STS), angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES),and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirms the metalliccharacter and structural stability of the 1<em>H</em>-NbTe₂ phase. Furthermore, low-temperature STS measurements revealthe formation of a 4 × 4 CDW modulation, which is explained basedon a phonon instability. These findings motivate the exploration ofthe complex phase behavior and electronic properties of NbTe₂ in the 2D limit.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27706–27715"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149088346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Scalar Objectives: Expert-Feedback-Driven Autonomous Experimentation for Scientific Discovery at the Nanoscale","authors":"Ralph Bulanadi,&nbsp;Jefferey Baxter,&nbsp;Arpan Biswas,&nbsp;Hiroshi Funakubo,&nbsp;Valanoor Nagarajan,&nbsp;Daniel Sando,&nbsp;Dennis Meier,&nbsp;Jan Schultheiß,&nbsp;Rama Vasudevan,&nbsp;Yongtao Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.6c09449","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnano.6c09449","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Self-driving laboratories or autonomous experimentationare emergingas transformative platforms for accelerating scientific discovery.Bayesian optimization (BO) is among the most widely used machine learningframeworks in self-driving laboratories, but these BO-based frameworksrely on predefined scalar descriptors to guide experimentation. Thislimits their ability to handle complex phenomena that are difficultto formalize as scalar descriptors. In many situations, the determinationof an appropriate scalar descriptor can be challenging, and may failto capture subtle yet scientifically important phenomena apparentto experts with interdisciplinary insight. This problem is particularlypronounced in nanoscale imaging experiments, where strong local heterogeneity,multidimensional observations, and emergent physical behaviors oftencannot be effectively represented using scalar metrics. To overcomethis limitation, here we develop deep-kernel pairwise learning (DKPL),an approach for autonomous microscopy experiments which incorporateshuman expertise and interdisciplinary scientific knowledge into anactive learning loop. Instead of relying on explicit scalar objectives,DKPL enables experts to directly evaluate which experimental outputis more promising using interdisciplinary knowledge. DKPL then learnsa latent utility function from these expert judgments to guide subsequentautonomous microscopy experiments. We demonstrate DKPL’s performancein learning physically meaningful nanoscale structures in lead titanatethin films while effectively prioritizing high-information measurementregions using an experimental model dataset with known ground truth.We further apply DKPL to analyze the character of ferroelectric domainwalls, where we find DKPL capable of distinguishing between high andlow characteristic domain-wall angles in lead zirconium titanate,and able to discover both head-to-head and tail-to-tail domain-wallcharacter in erbium manganite. Autonomous experiments in mixed-phasebismuth ferrite also demonstrate DKPL’s ability to link materialstructure with their properties in on-the-fly measurements. This developmentdemonstrates an approach to integrate expert knowledge into autonomousmicroscopy experiments across a variety of material systems, and demonstratesa pathway toward expert-guided self-driving laboratories capable ofaddressing scientific problems beyond the limits of scalar-metrics-drivenlearning.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"20 41","pages":"27774–27783"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149088679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}