{"title":"Trace Metal Impurities Induce Differences in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.","authors":"Mengyao Li, Junwei Han, Qiuchen Song, Huan Li, Linkai Peng, Yufei Zhao, Yun Cao, Wei Lv","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c14181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c14181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with exceptional conductivity have been widely adopted in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. While trace metal impurities in CNTs have demonstrated electrocatalytic activity in various catalytic processes, their influence on sulfur electrocatalysis in Li-S batteries has been largely overlooked. Herein, we reveal that the trace metal impurities content in CNTs significantly improves the specific capacity and cycling performance of Li-S batteries by analyzing both our own results and previous literature with CNTs as the sulfur hosts. Even under lean electrolyte conditions (E/S ratio of 5 μL mg<sub>s</sub><sup>-1</sup>), we demonstrate that a small content of metal impurities in CNTs (∼2 wt %) could account for a 14.3% increase in specific capacity and a 14.1% increase in capacity retention under a high sulfur loading of 3.5 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>. The electron transfer from confined metal catalysts within CNTs leads to electron accumulation at the carbon interface, facilitating electron donation to adsorbed sulfur species and lowering the energy barrier for Li<sub>2</sub>S formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11647
Guanhua Xu, Ao Chen, Feng Feng, Yuqing Wu, Xiuyu Wang
{"title":"Multiscale Mass Transport Across Membranes: From Molecular Scale to Nanoscale to Micron Scale","authors":"Guanhua Xu, Ao Chen, Feng Feng, Yuqing Wu, Xiuyu Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11647","url":null,"abstract":"Multiscale mass transport across membranes occurs ubiquitously in biological systems but is difficult to achieve and long-sought-after in abiotic systems. The multiscale transmembrane transport in abiotic systems requires the integration of multiscale transport channels and energy ergodicity, making multiscale mass transport a significant challenge. Herein, emulsion droplets with cell-like confinement are used as the experimental model, and multiscale mass transport is achieved from molecular scale to nanoscale to micron scale, reproducing rudimentary forms of cell-like transport behaviors. By adjustment of the magnetic dipole interactions between adjacent superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), the assembled structure at the interface of emulsion droplets is successfully modified, which constructs transport channels of various scales at the interface. Simultaneously, the assembly process of MNPs induces self-emulsification, which increases entropy and further reduces Gibbs free energy, ultimately realizing multiscale mass transport that evolves in time visiting all possible microscopic states (energy ergodicity). This work represents the comprehensive identification and realization of a multiscale transmembrane transport in abiotic droplet systems, which offers opportunities for the development of high-order cell-like characteristics in emulsion droplet-based communities, synthetic cells, microrobots, and drug carriers.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Orientation-Related Giant Photothermoelectric Energy Conversion in Quasi-One-Dimensional van der Waals TaSe3 Crystals","authors":"Bingxuan Zhu, Jun-Jie Wu, Dong Li, Chengyi Zhu, Pei-Yu Huang, Lin-Qing Yue, Ruo-Yao Sun, Sheng Qiang, Liang Zhen, Jing-Kai Qin, Cheng-Yan Xu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c15136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c15136","url":null,"abstract":"Featuring the capabilities of self-power, low dark current, and broadband response, photothermoelectric (PTE) detection demonstrates great potential for application in the military and civilian fields. The development of materials with an intrinsically high efficiency for PTE energy conversion and the in-depth study of its thermoelectric properties on the device performance are of great significance. Here, we reported a quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) van der Waals (vdW) TaSe<sub>3</sub> crystal as a promising material candidate for PTE detection. Benefiting from the 1D confined effect for photon and electron transport, the TaSe<sub>3</sub> nanoribbon crystallized along the atomic chain direction demonstrates a size-dependent thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. With the nanoribbon width downscaled from 5.7 μm to 200 nm, the resulting PTE detector reveals a pronouncedly enhanced photoresponsivity by more than 1 order of magnitude, demonstrating an extremely high value of 33 V/W among the best state-of-the-art PTE devices. More importantly, the anisotropic electrical, thermal, and thermoelectric properties in the TaSe<sub>3</sub> crystal contribute to the orientation-related PTE energy conversion, yielding an anisotropic ratio of photoresponsivity as large as 2.5 under 532 nm light illumination. Our study provides experimental evidence of orientation-related giant PTE photodetection in the quasi-1D vdW TaSe<sub>3</sub> crystal, which provides possibilities for the development of future optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ytterbium Doping-Retooled Prussian Blue for Tumor Metabolism Interference Therapy","authors":"Junlie Yao, Jie Xing, Yuxin Yao, Xiaoxia Wu, Yue Qiu, Zihou Li, Shiyi Xiong, Hao Peng, Fang Yang, Aiguo Wu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c16547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c16547","url":null,"abstract":"Drug repurposing refers to excavating clinically approved drugs for new clinical indications, effectively shortening the cost and time of clinical evaluation due to the established molecular structure, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. In this sense, clinically approved Prussian blue (PB) has received considerable attention, by virtue of its unique optical, magnetic, and enzymatic performance. Nevertheless, the clinical transformation of PB-based nanodrugs remains restricted owing to their complex synthetic formulation and constrained therapeutic performance. Herein, inspired by diagnostic and therapeutic superiorities of lanthanide ions, a series of ytterbium (Yb)-containing PB nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized in one step through interstitial Yb-doping, which aims to improve the anticancer efficacy of PB and expand the biological application orientation of Yb ions. Through a systematic comparative analysis, involving microscopic morphology, size distribution, elemental composition, raw material utilization rate, and crystal structure, Yb-enriched PB NPs with better-balanced indexes are identified as an antineoplastic drug candidate. In parallel, their anticancer mechanisms are associated with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways, thus disturbing anabolism, catabolism, and homeostasis. Therefore, this study attempts to implement the concept of drug repurposing and lays the foundation for next-generation theranostic nanodrugs.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c12130
Shaochao Sun, Sanwei Hao, Yongquan Liu, Shaofei Sun, Ying Xu, Ming Jiang, Changyou Shao, Jialong Wen, Runcang Sun
{"title":"Mechanically Resilient, Self-Healing, and Environmentally Adaptable Eutectogel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for All-Weather Energy Harvesting and Human–Machine Interaction","authors":"Shaochao Sun, Sanwei Hao, Yongquan Liu, Shaofei Sun, Ying Xu, Ming Jiang, Changyou Shao, Jialong Wen, Runcang Sun","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c12130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c12130","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant attention for mechanical energy harvesting, self-powered sensing, and human–machine interaction. However, their performance is often constrained by materials that lack sufficient mechanical robustness, self-healing capability, and adaptability to environmental extremes. Eutectogels, with their inherent ionic conductivity, thermal stability, and sustainability, offer an appealing alternative as flexible TENG electrodes, yet they typically suffer from weak damage endurance and insufficient self-healing capability. To overcome these challenges, here, we introduce an internal-external dual reinforcement strategy (IEDRS) that enhances internal bonding dynamics within the eutectogel matrix, composed of glycidyl methacrylate and deep eutectic solvent, and integrates plant-derived lignin as an external reinforcer. Notably, the resultant eutectogel, named GLCL, exhibits appealing collection merits including superior mechanical robustness (1.53 MPa tensile stress and 1.85 MJ/m<sup>3</sup> toughness), ultrastrong adhesion (4.76 MPa), high self-healing efficiency (84.7%), and significant environmental adaptability (−40 to 100 °C). These improvements ensure that the assembled triboelectric nanogenerator (GLCL-TENG) produces stable and robust electrical outputs, maintained even under dynamic and postdamage conditions. Additionally, the GLCL-TENG exhibits significant extreme environmental tolerance and durability, maintaining high and consistent electrical outputs over a wide temperature range (−40 to 100 °C) and throughout 10,000 cycles of repeated contact-separation. Leveraging these robust performances, the GLCL-TENG excels in all-weather biomechanical energy harvesting and accurate individual motion detection and functions as a self-powered interface for wireless vehicular control. This work presents a viable material design strategy for developing tough and self-healing eutectogel electrodes, emphasizing the potential application of TENGs in all-weather smart vehicles.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c13388
Wenxi Li, Hao Tian, Ziliang Yan, Xinying Yu, Bei Li, Yunlu Dai
{"title":"Magnesium–Phenolic Nanoeditor Refining Gliomatous T Cells for Metalloimmunotherapy","authors":"Wenxi Li, Hao Tian, Ziliang Yan, Xinying Yu, Bei Li, Yunlu Dai","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c13388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c13388","url":null,"abstract":"More than the sparse infiltration in glioblastoma, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) also function inefficiently and overexpress the inhibitory markers, especially the identified NK cell receptor (NK1.1). However, most studies solely focus on how to augment tumor-infiltrating CTLs and overlook their killing maintenance. Metalloimmunotherapy has been proven to improve the functionalities of CTLs, but it has barely adapted to glioblastoma due to the severe limitations of safe delivery and the brain’s physiological properties. Herein, we synthesized an amphipathic polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer (designated as MPP) modified with the choline analogue 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and polyphenol moieties to customize a nanoeditor (Mg<sup>2+</sup>@MK-8931@MPP) by coordinating Mg<sup>2+</sup> and entrapping the hydrophobic BACE1 inhibitor MK-8931, then precisely redressing the gliomatous CTL sparsity and cytotoxic dysfunction. Upon MPC-assisted local accumulation in glioblastoma, Mg<sup>2+</sup>@MK-8931@MPP nanoeditors release MK-8931 to repolarize M2-like macrophages, facilitating CTL infiltration quantitatively. The cenogenetic immune adjuvant Mg<sup>2+</sup> ulteriorly fortifies the T-cell receptor downstream signals to enhance the functionality of the ingoing CTLs in quality, leading to the secretion of high-level antitumor cytokines and cytotoxic proteins. Further blocking the inhibitory NK1.1 on CTLs by anti-NK1.1 antibodies can extend their cytolytic endgame. Studies on T-cell-deficient and wild-type mouse models support the immunomodulating feasibility of Mg<sup>2+</sup>@MK-8931@MPP. This gliomatous CTL-tailored strategy concurrently broadens metalloimmunotherapy to glioblastoma treatment and highlights the necessity of enforcing gliomatous CTLs’ functionality.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c14284
Xiang Ding, Xiaofen Yang, Jie Li, Yibing Yang, Liangwei Liu, Yi Xiao, Lili Han
{"title":"High-Entropy and Na-Rich-Designed High-Energy-Density Na3V2(PO4)3/C Cathode","authors":"Xiang Ding, Xiaofen Yang, Jie Li, Yibing Yang, Liangwei Liu, Yi Xiao, Lili Han","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c14284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c14284","url":null,"abstract":"The Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (NVP) cathode holds the merit of a stable 3D NASICON structure for ultrafast Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion, yet it is still confronted with poor electronic conductivity (10<sup>–9</sup> S cm<sup>–1</sup>) and insufficient energy density (∼370 W h kg<sup>–1</sup>). Herein, a series of high-entropy-doped Na<sub>3+<i>x</i></sub>V<sub>1.76–x</sub>Zn<sub><i>x</i></sub>(GaCrAlIn)<sub>0.06</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.2, 0.35, and 0.5) cathodes are systematically prepared with an activated V<sup>5+</sup>⇌V<sup>4+</sup> high-voltage plateau (4.0 V) and elevated discharge capacity, which is derived from the charge compensation of divalent Zn substituting for trivalent V accompanied by extra Na<sup>+</sup> input to create an Na-rich phase. A range of in situ/ex situ characterization studies and DFT calculations radically verify the charge conservation mechanism, enhanced bulk conductivity, and robust structural stability. Accordingly, in half-cells, the optimized cathode (<i>x</i> = 0.35) is capable of giving a much-improved discharge capacity (126.8 mA h g<sup>–1</sup>), reliable cycling stability (97.4%@5000 cycles@40 C), and a competitive energy density (426.1 W h kg<sup>–1</sup>) at 2.0–4.3 V. Upon reducing the discharge cutoff voltage to 1.4 V, the three-electron reaction (V<sup>5+</sup>⇌V<sup>2+</sup>) is entirely activated with superior stability, delivering an unparalleled capacity of 193.4 mA h g<sup>–1</sup> with higher energy density (544.3 W h kg<sup>–1</sup>). Besides, it displays high capacity (126.1 mA h g<sup>–1</sup>) and energy density (417.2 W h kg<sup>–1</sup>) in NVPZGCAI-35//hard carbon full-cells at 1.6–4.1 V. Hence, this pioneering high-entropy and Na-rich strategy is above rubies for developing high-energy-density and high-stability sodium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c16117
Yunha Jung, Jonathan E. Mueller, Settasit Chaikasetsin, Gwon Deok Han, Simin Nie, Hyun Soo Han, Turgut M. Gür, Fritz B. Prinz
{"title":"Mixed Conducting Oxide Coating for Lithium Batteries","authors":"Yunha Jung, Jonathan E. Mueller, Settasit Chaikasetsin, Gwon Deok Han, Simin Nie, Hyun Soo Han, Turgut M. Gür, Fritz B. Prinz","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c16117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c16117","url":null,"abstract":"Thin, uniform, and conformal coatings on the active electrode materials are gaining more importance to mitigate degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries. To avoid polarization of the electrode, mixed conductors are of crucial importance. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is employed in this work to provide superior uniformity, conformality, and the ability to precisely control the stoichiometry and thickness of the desired coating materials. We provide experimental and computational guidelines for the need of mixed electronic and ionic conducting coating materials, especially in the case where highly uniform and conformal coatings are achieved. We report promising results for ALD-deposited protective films achieved by doping fluorine (F) into a lithium vanadate coating. The F-doped lithium vanadate coating at the optimal doping level exhibits an electrical conductivity of 1.2 × 10<sup>–5</sup> S·cm<sup>–1</sup>. Density functional theory calculations corroborate enhanced mixed electronic and ionic conduction in F-doped lithium vanadate through band structure analysis and climbing-image nudge elastic band (CI-NEB) calculations. It has been demonstrated that the experimentally determined optimal doping concentration aligns well with that predicted by density functional theory calculations. CI-NEB calculations have shown that the activation energy for lithium-ion transport was the lowest for optimally doped lithium vanadate.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c12832
Chen Liao, Zhizhong He, Feng Wang, Ya Liu, Liejin Guo
{"title":"Anti-Site Defect-Induced Cascaded Sub-Band Transition in CuInS2 Enables Infrared Light-Driven CO2 Reduction","authors":"Chen Liao, Zhizhong He, Feng Wang, Ya Liu, Liejin Guo","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c12832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c12832","url":null,"abstract":"Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> conversion is a promising approach to simultaneously mitigate climate change and alleviate the energy crisis. However, infrared light, which constitutes nearly half of the solar energy, has not been effectively utilized yet. In this work, we discover a photogenerated charge transition mechanism in CuInS<sub>2</sub> with intrinsic In<sub>Cu</sub> antisite defects for synergistic utilization of full-spectrum photons. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and DFT calculation unveil an intermediate band induced by the intrinsic antisite defects, where cascaded sub-band transition could be realized by high-energy photons (UV–vis) and low-energy (IR), thus improving the absorption range of infrared light as well as the utilization efficiency of photogenerated carriers. <i>In situ</i> Kelvin probe force microscopy demonstrates that the generation of photoexcited electrons could be greatly enhanced through this synergistic utilization of full spectrum light. Moreover, <i>in situ</i> X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and <i>in situ</i> diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy reveal that infrared photons could also enhance the adsorption and activation of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O on the catalyst surface. As a result, the CO production rate under full spectrum light reaches 19.9 μmol g<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>, which is more than a 7-fold increase over that under UV–vis irradiation.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11117
Bharat Khurana, Allison C. Kaczmarek, Chung-Tao Chou, Tingyu Su, Katharina Lasinger, Tomas Grossmark, David C. Bono, Luqiao Liu, Caroline A. Ross
{"title":"Rare-Earth Iron Garnet Superlattices with Sub-unit Cell Composition Modulation","authors":"Bharat Khurana, Allison C. Kaczmarek, Chung-Tao Chou, Tingyu Su, Katharina Lasinger, Tomas Grossmark, David C. Bono, Luqiao Liu, Caroline A. Ross","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11117","url":null,"abstract":"Oxide superlattices reveal a rich array of emergent properties derived from the composition modulation and the resulting lattice distortion, charge transfer, and symmetry reduction that occur at the interfaces between the layers. The great majority of studies have focused on perovskite oxide superlattices, revealing, for example, the appearance of an interfacial 2D electron gas, magnetic moment, or improper ferroelectric polarization that is not present in the parent phases. Garnets possess greater structural complexity than perovskites: the cubic garnet unit cell contains 160 atoms with the cations distributed between three different coordination sites, and garnets exhibit a wide range of useful properties, including ferrimagnetism and ion transport. However, there have been few reports of the synthesis or properties of garnet superlattices, with layer thicknesses approaching the unit cell dimension of 1.2 nm. Here, we describe superlattices made from Bi and rare earth (RE = Tm, Tb, Eu, Lu) iron garnets (IGs) grown by pulsed laser deposition. Atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy reveal the composition modulation without dislocations and layer thicknesses as low as 0.45 nm, less than half a unit cell. TmIG/TbIG superlattices exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy that is qualitatively different from the in-plane anisotropy of the solid solution, and BiIG/LuIG superlattices exhibit ferromagnetic resonance linewidth characteristics of the end-members rather than the solid solution. Garnet superlattices provide a playground for exploring interface physics within the vast parameter space of cation coordination and substitution.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}