Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"Roles of spoVF operon subunits A and B (dipicolinic acid synthase) in regulating cell morphology and biofilm formation in the biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis.","authors":"Yang Yang, Yu-Xin Zhou, Le-Yao Jia, Xin-Yang Song, Ya-Jie Lai, Si-Yuan Liu, Su-Yan Wang, Pedro Laborda, Xin-Chi Shi","doi":"10.1002/ps.70634","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The spoVF operon, encoding the dipicolinic acid (DPA) synthase, is critical for sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. A recent study suggested that spoVF expression in vegetative cells promotes biofilm formation, yet the detailed regulatory pathways and the underlying metabolic connections remain to be fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, deletion of spoVF subunits spoVFA and spoVFB severely reduced DPA synthesis, downregulated mreB gene expression, and impaired biofilm formation, with mutant ΔA showing stronger effects than mutant ΔB. Although wild type B. subtilis 168 cells exhibited rod shape, double mutant ΔAΔB cells were spherical. In the MT strain, engineered for enhanced spoVF expression during vegetative growth, the upregulation of key TCA cycle genes (e.g., citC) and glutamate synthesis genes (e.g., gltA) was observed. This metabolic reprogramming was accompanied by the promotion of Spo0A phosphorylation. The activated Spo0A~P then inhibited the SinR and AbrB repressors, which led to the activation of the eps and tasA biofilm operons. The MT strain showed superior stress tolerance to high temperature (42 °C), salt, acidic and alkaline pH, and UV-A and UV-B radiation. Additionally, the MT strain exhibited higher nutrient competition ability, and in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) storage root pathogen Ceratocystis fimbriata compared to mutant ΔA, ΔB, and ΔAΔB strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study elucidates how the spoVF operon links the central metabolic pathways with B. subtilis cell morphology and biofilm formation, offering a novel target for engineering advanced Bacillus-based biocontrol agents. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"5073-5086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring spray droplet size under unmanned aerial spraying system (UASS) downwash airflow using an image-processing-based liquid immersion method.","authors":"Yangfan Li, Zhichong Wang, Peng Qi, Xiaofu Feng, Mengran Yang, Zhaoyan Zhu, Liyang Su, Xiongkui He, Changling Wang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70602","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate characterization of spray droplet size distribution is critical for optimizing pesticide application from unmanned aerial spraying systems (UASSs), as it governs deposition efficiency and off-target drift. However, conventional methods like water-sensitive paper (WSP) are prone to inaccuracies from droplet spread and coalescence, while in-flight laser diffraction is impractical for field-wide measurements under turbulent downwash conditions. This study developed and validated an image-processing-based liquid immersion method using silicone oil as the collection medium. A custom test apparatus was used to collect droplets from a UASS, and high-resolution images were analyzed to determine droplet size distributions. The method's performance was compared against WSP and photographic paper (PP) and validated against a laboratory-standard laser diffraction instrument.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across five nominal droplet-size settings, SO-based Dv50 estimates showed a clear empirical association with laser diffraction and exhibited lower variability than WSP and PP. Droplet-size uniformity across the spray-width transect was higher for SO (CV 10-12%) than for WSP (16-22%) and PP (22-32%). In high-deposition regions where paper-based collectors tended to show inflated droplet sizes due to overlap/oversaturation, the SO method provided more consistent estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed SO liquid-immersion workflow offers a practical, cost-effective, and field-deployable option for characterizing UASS spray quality under realistic downwash airflow. This capability can support evidence-based optimization of nozzle settings and flight parameters to improve targeting performance while mitigating off-target drift. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4875-4890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis and insecticidal activity evaluation of novel oxime ether sulfonamide derivatives containing cyclopropane fragments against Plutella xylostella.","authors":"Yongmin Xu, Hongzhao Zhang, Mengqiang Yue, Yanhong Ni, Weiqian Yue, Ruihan Xie, Wei Liu, Xinghai Li","doi":"10.1002/ps.70578","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plutella xylostella poses a severe threat to cruciferous crops globally and has evolved resistance to a broad spectrum of insecticides. This escalating resistance underscores an urgent need to develop novel insecticides with unique structures and distinct modes-of-action.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a series of oxime ether sulfonamide derivatives containing cyclopropane fragments were designed and synthesized using the alkyl oxime ether ethanesulfonamide compound ZY-9 as the lead compound. Indoor insecticidal bioassay showed that compound 3a-28 displays the greatest insecticidal activity against P. xylostella with a median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) value of 13.30 mg L^-1, which was comparable to those of the commercial insecticides diflubenzuron (13.90 mg L^-1) and diafenthiuron (14.74 mg L^-1). Synergism studies indicated that compound 3a-28 presents a synergistic effect in combination with diafenthiuron, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr and abamectin. Field trials demonstrated that compound 3a-28 achieved 62.58% control efficacy, which was comparable to that of diafenthiuron. Morphological observation of the larvae revealed severe damage to the body surface, particularly to the setal sockets and epidermal collapse. Biochemical analysis results showed that compound 3a-28 could increase the chitin content and inhibit the chitinase activity [Median inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) = 14.10 mg L^-1]. Molecular docking confirmed that compound 3a-28 stably binds to the active pocket of chitinase (OfChtI). Additionally, preliminary toxicity evaluation results demonstrated that compound 3a-28 exhibits excellent biosafety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel cyclopropane-containing oxime ether sulfonamide derivative 3a-28 is a highly promising insecticide candidate against P. xylostella, featuring a unique chitinase-inhibiting mechanism. The findings of this study lay a solid foundation for the future development of insecticides. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4618-4631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological responses and field attractants of Hoplia spectabilis Medvedev (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) adults to host plant volatiles.","authors":"Guang-Yu Wang, Ya-Ya Li, Mengmeng Zhang, Jiao Liu, Feng Wang, Li Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.70570","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Hoplia spectabilis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is a major pest threatening local shrubs in the plateau ecosystems of western China. However, little information is available on its chemical ecology. In this study, we aimed to identify host-plant volatiles used for host location by Hoplia spectabilis adults that are specialized to feed upon host plant foliage, and to further develop effective attractants for pest management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Field observations revealed that the beetles exhibited a strong feeding preference for Hippophae neurocarpa over Potentilla fruticosa and Myricaria germanica. Electroantennography (EAG) assays confirmed that both female and male beetles responded strongly to hexane extracts of host plant foliage. By using gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) followed by GC-mass spectrometry, we identified 22 electrophysiologically active compounds, with (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol and nonanal dominating the volatile profile of Hippophae neurocarpa (52.4%). A binary blend B of (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol and nonanal was the most effective attractant, outperforming multi-component blend M consisting of the 11 EAD-active components shared by the three host plants. Volatilization kinetics demonstrated significantly higher release rates of (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol and nonanal from blend B than from blend M, interpreting higher captures of beetles by blend B.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings revealed that a binary blend of (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol and nonanal is a highly effective attractant for Hoplia spectabilis with promising applications in monitoring, mass trapping and integrated pest management programmes. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4527-4535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An aphid-resistant wheat variety reduces the transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) by Rhopalosiphum padi (L.).","authors":"Ilma A Qonaah, Amma L Simon, Duncan Warner, Toby J A Bruce, Rumiana V Ray","doi":"10.1002/ps.70599","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) is a major vector of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), one of the most economically damaging viral diseases of cereals, including wheat. Although host resistance to BYDV or to aphids individually has been exploited, less is known about how aphid resistance performs against viruliferous vectors. We recently identified a winter genotype (G1) exhibiting strong aphid resistance through antixenosis and antibiosis. Here, we test whether this resistance remains effective against BYDV-vectoring aphids and how it compares with BYDV resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated G1 alongside four wheat cultivars with contrasting aphid and BYDV resistance traits, including the BYDV-resistant cultivar RGT Wolverine and the fully susceptible RGT Illustrious. Seedling settlement assays showed that antixenosis in G1 remained effective against R. padi carrying BYDV-PAV. Electrical penetration graph recordings revealed restricted phloem access and reduced salivation of viruliferous aphids on G1, consistent with lower virus transmission efficiency. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed a threefold reduction in BYDV gene expression in inoculated leaves of G1 compared with RGT Wolverine and RGT Illustrious. By contrast, RGT Wolverine exhibited high initial transmission but reduced systemic infection, consistent with resistance acting on suppression of viral replication and/or movement. Aphid rearing host genotype altered subsequent aphid host-selection behaviour, indicating vector conditioning with consequences for virus spread.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aphid resistance in G1 significantly reduced BYDV transmission, whereas Bdv2-mediated resistance in RGT Wolverine limited systemic infection. These complementary resistance mechanisms highlight the value of combining aphid- and virus-targeted traits to improve durable BYDV management in wheat. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4849-4859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy evaluation of pneumatic solid set canopy delivery system to control powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) in Washington vineyards.","authors":"Dattatray G Bhalekar, Eric Mozzanini, Ramesh K Sahni, Michelle M Moyer, Lav R Khot","doi":"10.1002/ps.70596","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, a previously optimized pneumatic spray delivery (PSD)-based solid set canopy delivery system (SSCDS) was compared with an airblast sprayer (grower control [GC]) for the delivery of fungicides in the management of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) in vineyards. For 2023 and 2024 growing seasons, spray coverage was quantified for each application date and treatment. Visual disease severity on clusters and leaves was assessed five times per season. The accumulated area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC) was developed from these ratings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over two seasons, spray coverage for PSD-SSCDS treatment ranged from 16.7% to 32.7%, whereas GC achieved coverage between 39.9% and 62.9%. The average difference in maximum cluster and foliar disease severity between GC and PSD-SSCDS was 5.5% and 14.2%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite lower spray coverage in PSD-SSCDS, the accumulated AUDPC for cluster disease severity was similar to GC treatments in both growing seasons. However, foliar disease severity differed significantly, with GC showing less disease than PSD-SSCDS. These study findings indicate that optimal emitter selection is crucial for achieving enhanced spray performance and effective disease control using the PSD-SSCDS technology in vineyards. Both fungicide spray treatments effectively protected clusters from powdery mildew, indicating PSD-SSCDS as an emergent alternative spray technology. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4815-4828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and application of KASP assays to differentiate between Sorghum bicolor, halepense, and their hybrids.","authors":"Connor Purvis, Eric L Patterson, Erin E Burns","doi":"10.1002/ps.70618","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sorghum bicolor and Sorghum halepense can readily hybridize, creating difficulty in identification. No genetic tools exist to accurately distinguish S. bicolor, S. halepense, and their hybrids. Detecting hybridization is essential to monitor crop-to-weed introgression. This study utilizes a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the internal transcribed spacer region between S. bicolor and S. halepense. This SNP was utilized in Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assay to identify S. bicolor, S. halepense, and their hybrids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>KASP assays were successful in accurately differentiating between S. bicolor, S. halepense, and their hybrids. The KASP assay performed as well as Oxford Nanopore sequencing for measuring SNP frequency and thus is a perfect proxy for genotyping. Greenhouse crosses confirmed crop-to-weed introgression, with S. halepense being more receptive to interspecific pollen. Known and unknown samples assayed displayed misidentification in germplasm lines and significant hybrid frequency in naturally occurring biotypes. Synteny analyses revealed duplications of the ITS region in S. halepense.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed a novel KASP assay targeting a conserved SNP that accurately distinguishes between S. bicolor, S. halepense, and their hybrids. This assay was validated through Oxford Nanopore sequencing, greenhouse crosses, and diverse germplasm and natural collections. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"5063-5072"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13071191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146130612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the gut microbiota on insect reproduction: mechanisms and biotechnological prospects.","authors":"Dilawar Abbas, Kamran Haider, Muhammad Adeel Ghafar, Farman Ullah, Muhammad Yasir Ali, Khalid Ali Khan, Jose Galian, Maolin Hou","doi":"10.1002/ps.70601","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The insect gut microbiota functions as a multifunctional symbiotic system that plays a central role in host reproduction. Through the production of bioactive metabolites, gut microbes interact with host hormonal pathways, immune signaling, and molecular regulatory networks, thereby shaping reproductive physiology and fitness. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding how gut microbiota regulate insect reproduction. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that microbial metabolites contribute to nutrient metabolism and the provision of essential cofactors, modulate hormone signaling pathways involved in reproductive development, and participate in pheromone biosynthesis that affects mating behavior. These processes impact both female and male reproductive functions through coordinated interactions among metabolism, endocrine regulation, and chemical communication. In females, microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and vitamins regulate insulin/TOR and juvenile hormone signaling, promoting ovarian development, vitellogenin synthesis, and oviposition. In males, gut bacteria influence spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and pheromone production, which are critical for mating success and fertility. Overall, these findings provide a mechanistic foundation for applied strategies, including Wolbachia-based population suppression, probiotic supplementation to enhance sterile insect technique (SIT) performance, and microbial manipulation of pheromone production for pest control. In addition, dietary conditions and environmental stressors can reshape gut microbial composition and metabolic activity, leading to changes in reproductive outcomes. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the complex interactions between insect gut microbiota and reproductive physiology. Key insights include: (i) the role of microbial metabolites in regulating mating behavior, oviposition, and offspring development; (ii) the potential of microbiota-based strategies for pest control, such as Wolbachia-mediated population suppression and probiotic enhancement of SIT; and (iii) the impact of external factors, including diet and environmental conditions, on reproduction through microbiota-mediated pathways. These findings deepen our understanding of insect-microbe symbiosis and its implications for evolutionary biology and sustainable pest management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4078-4088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of methyl salicylate and spontaneous field margin vegetation on plant-arthropod interactions to enhance biological control.","authors":"Nicolas Kuzmanich, Maria Rosa Rossetti, Hernán Mario Beccacece, Jimena Maria Herrera, Jimena Aylen Dornauf, Martin Videla","doi":"10.1002/ps.70609","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play multiple roles in mediating plant-arthropod species interactions. Methyl salicylate (MeSA) is a well-known HIPV given its effectiveness in attracting parasitoids and predators and its use in biological control strategies. In addition, non-crop vegetation of field margins are important habitats that harbor natural enemies but may fail to increase biological control. Volatiles like MeSA could synergistically interact with field margin vegetation and increase biological control within crops. The present study examines through a field experiment the effects of MeSA (MeSA-exposed versus control plants) and in-field location (near vegetation margins versus field center) on plant-arthropod interactions to enhance biological control of Brassicaceae pests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MeSA-exposed cabbage plants tended to have different volatile compositions than control plants, showing a slight proportional increase in 3-pentanol and the absence of hexenal in MeSA-exposed samples. Herbivore abundance was slightly lower in MeSA-exposed compared to control plants, while in-field location did not influence the second trophic level. Natural enemy abundance and parasitism rates were significantly higher in the field margins than in the center, but the opposite pattern was registered for predation. No MeSA effects were detected on third trophic level species.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MeSA altered plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and had a slight effect on herbivores, while natural enemies responded solely to field-margin vegetation. Our study highlights the importance of conserving spontaneous vegetation to support parasitoids and underscore the need to study several functional groups and trophic levels for improving biological control. The use of VOCs, integrated with habitat management strategies, represents a complementary approach to enhance pest control. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"4967-4974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146130418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The native rice leaf folder can enhance rice resistance against the invasive fall armyworm by inducing the jasmonate-mediated tryptophan metabolism pathway.","authors":"Shengliang Xu, Lijing Sun, Lingen Du, Xiaojing Zhang, Mengmeng Zhang, Ted C J Turlings, Xiaoyun Hu, Yunhe Li","doi":"10.1002/ps.70615","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fall armyworm (FAW), as a destructive invasive pest, poses a serious threat not only to maize production, but also to rice yield in Asia. Understanding plant-mediated impacts of native insects on invasive counterparts is important to assess the consequences of biological invasions. Yet it remains unclear whether infestation by native pests such as the rice leaf folder (RLF) can enhance rice resistance, thereby limiting the FAW's capacity to invade paddies and preventing it from becoming a serious rice pest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we found that pre-infestation by either the native RLF or FAW itself induces defenses and significantly reduces the performance of subsequently feeding FAW larvae. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that both herbivores activate the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. Consistently, exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application enhanced rice resistance to FAW, whereas inhibition of JA biosynthesis attenuated RLF-induced resistance. Metabolomic profiling showed that herbivory induced the tryptophan metabolic pathway, leading to the accumulation of defensive tryptophan-derived metabolites. Feeding assays confirmed that these metabolites, particularly tryptamine and 5-methoxyindoleacetate, significantly suppressed FAW larval growth in a concentration-dependent manner. The key role of JA-tryptophan defense was further validated by exogenous application of MeJA, which upregulated the tryptophan pathway and increased defense metabolite accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal a potential mechanism whereby native herbivore attack induces the jasmonate and tryptophan metabolic pathways, thereby enhancing rice resistance to the invasive FAW. This provides mechanistic evidence for plant-mediated biotic resistance and identifies the JA pathway and tryptophan-derived metabolites as targets for sustainable pest management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"5026-5039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}