Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"Decreased DMI sensitivity of Plenodomus biglobosus (phoma of oilseed rape) associated with CYP51 substitution G476S.","authors":"Kevin M King, Liza M González-Rodríguez, Joanna Kaczmarek, Małgorzata Jędryczka, Jonathan S West","doi":"10.1002/ps.8926","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.8926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phoma leaf spot/stem canker is an international oilseed rape (Brassica napus) disease caused by Plenodomus lingam (Pl) and Plenodomus biglobosus (Pb). Phoma management can include fungicide applications, often sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) inhibitors (DMIs). Pl and Pb isolates (collected throughout Poland in 2024) were screened for in vitro sensitivity to the DMI prothioconazole-desthio, and molecular mechanisms associated with altered sensitivity were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pl isolates (2024) were less sensitive (4-fold) than older (before 2002) isolates. All Pl (2024) isolates carried CYP51 promoter inserts, likely a Sahana transposable element (TE) fragment, previously associated with CYP51 overexpression and decreased DMI sensitivity. In addition, Pb isolates with decreased DMI sensitivity were also identified, but without such TE inserts. CYP51 gene sequencing instead revealed substitution G476S that was absent in more-sensitive G476 isolates. G476S homologues have been linked to decreased DMI sensitivity in multiple other fungi. Pb G476S isolates were less sensitive (7.3-fold) than Pb G476, widespread throughout Poland, and comprised 14 of 24 (58%) Pb isolates tested. Although CYP51 promoter inserts were detected in 2 of 24 (8%) Pb isolates, these were promoter sequence duplications (not TEs) and not obviously associated with decreased sensitivity. Pl isolates carrying promoter inserts (predominant in recently tested European populations) were more sensitive (2.6-fold) than Pb G476S, but less sensitive (2.8-fold) than Pb G476.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provide first evidence for a CYP51 substitution associated with decreased DMI sensitivity in Pb. Result implications for phoma management, how DMI usage might influence pathogen population structure, resistance management strategies and future research required are discussed. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"10776-10785"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epidemiology of the blackleg pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans, impacts fungicide resistance management strategies.","authors":"Alec J McCallum, Sean Roberts, Alexander Idnurm, Angela P Van de Wouw","doi":"10.1002/ps.70866","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the continual increase in detection of fungicide resistance in plant pathogens, there is an ever-growing need for management strategies to reduce the chance of resistance evolving in the field, and if it does occur, provide strategies to ensure fungicides can still be used effectively. However, the development of effective management strategies requires a thorough understanding of the epidemiology of the pathogen and how this might impact on selection of fungicide-resistant strains within a population. The blackleg pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans, can infect canola (Brassica napus) throughout the growing season with yield loss associated with crown cankering or infection of the upper stems/branches. The disease cycle consists of infection of the plant early in the growing season, such as at the cotyledon up to the 4- to 6-leaf stage, to induce cankering on cultivars that do not carry effective plant resistance (or R) genes. Infections later in the season lead to infections of the upper stems/branches. Hence, fungicides can be applied up to four times during the season to control disease symptoms. However, it is currently unknown whether fungicide applications late in the growth of the plant will lead to selection of resistance in the population, as the pathogen would require enough time to colonise the plant and undergo sexual reproduction. Here we show that infections as late as the 30% bloom stage do indeed have sufficient time for the pathogen to grow down and colonise the base of the stem which provides the substrate to persist for the following season and undergo sexual reproduction, i.e., the next generation of inoculum. This has implications for fungicide management strategies as it means any fungicide application throughout the growing season can lead to selection of resistance. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"10786-10795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping with legumes can reduce insect pest pressure but does not increase yield in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).","authors":"Chloé Aline Raderschall, Ola Lundin, Iman Raj Chongtham, Ann-Charlotte Wallenhammar, Peter Anderson, Georg Carlsson, Mattias Christoffer Larsson","doi":"10.1002/ps.71020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Winter oilseed rape (WOSR, Brassica napus) is a major food, feed and fuel crop that heavily relies on pesticides and fertilisers to obtain maximum yield. We tested the potential of intercropping WOSR with legumes (frost-sensitive spring faba bean, frost-sensitive berseem clover or winter hardy pea) to reduce the abundance of and damage caused by the WOSR insect pest complex, enhance biocontrol and replace synthetic inputs with ecosystem functions. Each intercrop was tested under varying crop management practices (full or reduced fertilizer and pesticide input, WOSR row spacing and sowing time of legume crop relative to WOSR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WOSR - spring faba bean intercropping reduced the abundance of cabbage stem flea beetle larvae on average from 6.87 to 3.48 per plant compared to WOSR sole cropping, but a 10-day sowing delay of the clover or spring faba bean intercrop increased cabbage stem flea beetle larvae per plant from 3.17 to 5.52 compared to when the crops were sown simultaneously. WOSR - spring faba bean intercropping also reduced pollen beetle bud damage by 34% (95% CI: 16%, 48%) compared to WOSR sole cropping. Parasitism rates of pollen beetle and cabbage seed weevil were not affected by intercropping or crop management. WOSR seed yield (kg ha^-1) was 35% (95% CI: 13%, 51%) lower in WOSR-spring faba bean intercropping compared to WOSR sole cropping, and 38% (95% CI: 26%, 47%) lower in low input compared to high input systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results confirmed that intercropping WOSR with frost-sensitive legumes can reduce insect pest pressure, but also highlighted a trade-off with WOSR yield and the importance of legume sowing time in relation to WOSR. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"10705-10715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four decades of pesticide use in Bhutan: trends in national distribution, potential drivers, and policy implications (1986–2024)","authors":"Yeshey Dema, Ugyen Dorji, Dawa Dem Tamang, Pema Tamang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71425","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Global pesticide consumption has nearly doubled since 1990, yet long‐term trajectories in low‐input agricultural systems remain poorly documented. This study provides the first systematic assessment of Bhutan's pesticide use over four decades (1986–2024), using national pesticide distribution records as a proxy indicator of consumption and examining temporal and spatial patterns in relation to socio‐economic, institutional and phytosanitary changes. RESULTS Breakpoint analysis identified a marked structural shift after 2014–2015, with pesticide distribution intensity rising from 0.021 to 0.307 kg ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> . Herbicides account for &gt;70% of consumption, dominated by butachlor, which accounted for 87% of annual herbicide distribution. Class III products comprised ~76% of distribution, indicating a shift in hazard class composition rather than a reduction in overall reliance on synthetic pesticides. Of the 389.1 metric tonnes with district‐level records from 1998 to 2024, four western valleys accounted for 71%. Herbicides accounted for &gt;70% of total distribution, dominated by a single active ingredient, butachlor, which accounted for 87% of annual herbicide use. Expenditure totalled approximately USD 4.57 million since 2007, with 87% occurring after 2014. The post‐2014 increase coincided with a tenfold increase in monthly outmigration, an 8.3% decline in the working‐age population, and a 13 percentage points decline in agriculture's share of employment. CONCLUSION The post‐2014 increase in pesticide distribution was dominated by herbicides and coincided with substantial changes in agricultural labour conditions. Documented hiring difficulties and labour shortages suggest that labour constraints may have contributed to greater reliance on chemical weed management, although causal attribution remains inferential. The concentration of distribution around butachlor, and limited adoption of non‐chemical alternatives, suggests increasing pesticide dependence and conditions potentially conducive to economic lock‐in. Targeted investment in labour‐saving non‐chemical weed management, integrated pest management, biological alternatives, resistant varieties and predictive surveillance could help prevent further dependence. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cascading bottom‐up effects of invasive alien plants on the parasitoid Aphidius colemani mediated by the aphid host Aphis fabae","authors":"Emma Pluchard, Aude Couty, Arnaud Ameline, Géraldine Doury","doi":"10.1002/ps.71406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71406","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Invasive alien plants (IAP) can threaten biodiversity by disrupting trophic interactions and, consequently, affect agroecosystems by providing alternative resources for phytophagous insects at crop field margins. This may influence pest populations and parasitoid performance through bottom‐up effects. We examined the cascading effects of three IAPs common at agroecosystem interfaces ( <jats:italic>Galinsoga quadriradiata</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Reynoutria japonica</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Senecio inaequidens</jats:italic> ) on a major pest, the black bean aphid ( <jats:italic>Aphis fabae</jats:italic> ), and its parasitoid <jats:italic>Aphidius colemani</jats:italic> , a widely used biological control agent. We assessed key life‐history traits to evaluate both aphid host and parasitoid fitness, choosing <jats:italic>Beta vulgaris</jats:italic> as the control crop‐plant, a cultivated host plant commonly infested by <jats:italic>Aphis fabae</jats:italic> , used here to compare the other effects relative to it. The traits evaluated here were aphid host mass and larviposition rate, parasitism ratio, parasitoid emergence ratio, parasitic success, female ratio, development time, mass, tibia length and egg load. RESULTS We found contrasting suitability among the IAPs as host plants for <jats:italic>Aphis fabae</jats:italic> hosts and their effects on <jats:italic>Aphidius colemani</jats:italic> . On <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> . <jats:italic>japonica</jats:italic> , aphids showed high larviposition rates and developed successfully, reaching the adult stage with optimal mass after 9 days, and this IAP was also associated with the highest parasitoid performance. Conversely, <jats:italic>S</jats:italic> . <jats:italic>inaequidens</jats:italic> negatively impacted larviposition rates and the subsequent development of the offspring (which remained at a nymphal stage after 9 days and were lighter), but resulted in similar parasitoid performance compared to the control crop‐plant, despite reduced aphid host performance. Finally, aphids failed to establish on <jats:italic>G</jats:italic> . <jats:italic>quadriradiata</jats:italic> , and consequently parasitoids did not establish either. CONCLUSION Differences in host plants’ suitability drove variations in both aphid host and parasitoid performance, which could ultimately influence potential top‐down regulations. These results highlight the need to consider the ecological roles of IAPs when assessing their agronomic impact. Although they could act as reservoirs for aphid pests, some IAPs might also benefit pest management by supporting parasitoid populations, and contribute to broader ecosystem functions. © 2026 The Author(s). <jats:italic>Pest Management Science</jats:italic> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glyphosate residues in Chinese tea: a national survey, contamination pathway and risk assessment","authors":"Yunfeng Chai, Chen Wang, Lei Zhu, Hongxia Liu, Danyang Zhang, Meiling Pan, Xuemei Du, Yun Zhang, Hongping Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.71408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71408","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The health risks and the pathways of glyphosate pollution are of great significance for glyphosate risk management in tea. RESULTS A total of 1013 Chinese tea samples were assayed, with 27.4% contaminated by glyphosate and 0.9% exceeding the Chinese maximum residue limit (1.0 mg/kg). Field experiments suggested that spray drift and translocation within the tea plant are the main sources of glyphosate residues in tea. Following soil application, the initial glyphosate residual concentrations in young shoots and mature leaves derived from drift were 1.19 and 41.1 mg/kg, respectively. In young shoots, glyphosate declined rapidly during Day (D)1, but rebounded to a relatively high level by D7. The loss of glyphosate, owing to translocation and/or degradation, proceeded slowly in mature leaves. Upon low‐dose tea foliar application, glyphosate in young shoots and mature leaves had a relatively short residual period with half‐lives of 0.5 and 1.9 days, respectively. Glyphosate residues decreased during both green and black tea processing, and the loss rate was between 36% and 61%. Both the detection rate and measured concentrations of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) were markedly lower than those of glyphosate in commercial and experimental tea samples. The hazard quotient calculated from glyphosate residues in tea was several orders of magnitude below the level of concern. CONCLUSION Detectable glyphosate residues have been found in Chinese tea, whereas estimated consumer exposure remains far below accepted reference values. Nevertheless, careful application and management of glyphosate use in tea plantations is important for controlling its residues. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigenerational sulfoxaflor selection induces tolerance but reduces fitness and predatory performance in the biological control agent Coccinella septempunctata ","authors":"Xiaoqi Wang, Wenjing Zhang, Jie Chen, Guy Smagghe, Da Wang, Qiuju Qin, Yunzhuan He","doi":"10.1002/ps.71396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71396","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Assessing the long‐term compatibility of insecticides with biological control agents is essential for sustainable integrated pest management (IPM). While the acute toxicity of sulfoxaflor to beneficial arthropods has been widely studied, its multigenerational effects on predator fitness and biological control performance remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the consequences of continuous sublethal sulfoxaflor selection on the predatory ladybird <jats:italic>Coccinella septempunctata</jats:italic> over eight successive generations. We combined toxicity bioassays, age‐stage two‐sex life table analyses, functional response assays, detoxification enzyme measurements, and transcriptomic profiling to evaluate adaptive responses and associated ecological costs. RESULTS Continuous selection increased sulfoxaflor tolerance by 8.5‐fold, indicating that <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> can respond to prolonged insecticide pressure. However, this response was accompanied by significant fitness costs, including prolonged pre‐oviposition periods, reduced longevity, shortened oviposition period, lower egg hatchability, and a reduced net reproductive rate. Predatory capacity was also affected, with the selected strain exhibiting longer prey‐handling times and reduced prey consumption at high aphid densities, suggesting a diminished ability to suppress pest outbreaks under favorable prey conditions. Generation‐dependent increased activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glutathione S‐transferases, and carboxylesterases were associated with the selection process. Transcriptomic analyses revealed widespread changes in genes and pathways related to detoxification, metabolism, development, and physiological regulation. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that adaptation to chronic sulfoxaflor exposure in <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> is associated with demographic and ecological trade‐offs. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating multigenerational and sublethal endpoints into pesticide risk assessment and compatibility evaluations within IPM programs. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":" Albifimbria verrucaria DY01 : a tomato‐safe mycoherbicide candidate with broad‐spectrum activity against farmland weeds and invasive Ageratina adenophora ","authors":"Xinlin Wang, Ying Deng, Xinyi He, Huanhuan Shao, Shuyue Yu, Jinya Zhang, Bin Yong, Xiang Tao","doi":"10.1002/ps.71411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71411","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution of herbicide‐resistant weeds has driven urgent demand for eco‐friendly bioherbicides, yet most microbial agents suffer narrow application ranges and unstable field efficacy. In this study, an <jats:italic>Albifimbria verrucaria</jats:italic> strain DY01 was isolated from naturally diseased leaves of <jats:italic>Oplismenus undulatifolius</jats:italic> . At 4 × 10 <jats:sup>7</jats:sup> CFU mL <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> , DY01 spore suspension caused severe chlorosis and seedling mortality across six out of seven tested weeds within 5 days, while only <jats:italic>Cyperus iria</jats:italic> sustained minimal injury. The mortality rates of <jats:italic>Echinochloa crus‐galli</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>Microstegium vimineum</jats:italic> , and the invasive species <jats:italic>Ageratina adenophora</jats:italic> reached 97.84%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Crop safety evaluation further demonstrated unique selectivity: tomato showed no phytotoxic symptoms even at the maximum test concentration, whereas Chinese cabbage suffered near‐complete mortality, wheat displayed high lethal rates, and maize plus broad bean developed extensive necrotic lesions and growth retardation. Comparative bioassays confirmed that the &lt;1000 Da dialyzed fraction exhibited stronger weed‐suppressive effects than crude extract, indicating that active metabolites are small‐molecule‐weight compounds. The genome of DY01 was sequenced, yielding a 44.73 Mb assembly comprising 10 scaffolds with 13 600 predicted genes and 92 biosynthetic regions were identified, including T1PKS, NRPS, and terpene‐precursor clusters, indicating the substantial secondary‐metabolite biosynthetic potential of DY01. This study identified a broad‐spectrum, tomato‐safe <jats:italic>A. verrucaria</jats:italic> isolate with potent phytotoxicity, offering a valuable microbial resource and molecular foundation for developing targeted bioherbicides applied in tomato planting systems. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of salicylic acid methyltransferase ( ZmSAMT ) enhances resistance to Rhopalosiphum padi in maize","authors":"Yingyue Xu, Yan Wang, Mingxuan Sui, Yunpeng Zhao, Shuai Liu, Haibin Yuan","doi":"10.1002/ps.71420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71420","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Aphids are important pests of maize, including Bt‐transgenic maize, and their effective management remains a major challenge. Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), particularly methyl salicylate (MeSA), play a critical role in mediating tritrophic interactions and plant defense in agroecosystems. Exogenous application of synthetic MeSA can be effective against aphids, however, its pronounced volatility and maintenance costs limit large‐scale agricultural applications. RESULTS In this study, we generated <jats:italic>ZmSAMT</jats:italic> ‐overexpressing transgenic maize to enable continuous endogenous MeSA emission, establishing a sustainable strategy for aphid management. <jats:italic>In vitro</jats:italic> enzymatic assays confirmed that ZmSAMT specifically methylated salicylic acid (SA) to form MeSA. Notably, aphid infestation triggered significant upregulation of <jats:italic>ZmSAMT</jats:italic> expression in wild‐type maize. Behavioral assays demonstrated that elevated MeSA emission in transgenic line OE3 significantly repelled <jats:italic>Rhopalosiphum padi</jats:italic> and actively recruited the predator ladybeetle <jats:italic>Harmonia axyridis</jats:italic> . Independent of olfactory‐mediated effects, aphids feeding on OE3 plants exhibited prolonged developmental duration, a shortened reproductive period, and reduced total fecundity. Furthermore, we observed a significant airborne defense effect that wild type maize situated adjacent to the transgenic plants OE3 harbored fewer aphids. CONCLUSION Taken together, our studies indicate that <jats:italic>ZmSAMT</jats:italic> represents a highly valuable genetic resource for breeding aphid‐resistant maize varieties and developing green pest control strategies. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxathiazepane compounds as potential insecticidal agents","authors":"Nataly E. Gruntenko, Kseniya S. Kovaleva, Evgenia K. Karpova, Natalya V. Adonyeva, Sofia N. Sharmankina, Vladislav V. Oreshko, Elena V. Burdina, Maksim A. Deryuzhenko, Anna S. Khotskina, Olga I. Yarovaya","doi":"10.1002/ps.71403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71403","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The spread of insecticide resistance among major agricultural and vector pests necessitates the discovery of compounds with novel modes of action and favorable safety profiles. 1,5,3‐Oxathiazepanes represent a previously unexplored class of heterocycles. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal potential of ten 1,5,3‐oxathiazepane derivatives and assesses their toxicity in mammals and human cells. RESULTS Screening against <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic> adults identified aliphatic‐substituted derivatives (compounds 1 – 6 ) as active, with compounds 1 – 4 causing 100% mortality at 1% within 48 h. Aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents led to a complete loss of activity. Compound 3 (3‐hexyl‐1,5,3‐oxathiazepane) showed concentration‐dependent insecticidal effects, with 24 h median lethal concentration (LC <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> ) of 0.77% (7.7 g L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) via feeding and 24‐h median lethal dose (LD <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> ) of 3.1 μg per fly via topical application. At 3% (30 g L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ), compound 3 killed 100% of <jats:italic>Tenebrio molitor</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Oxyhaloa deusta</jats:italic> within 24 h. Acute oral LD <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> in mice was 1098 mg kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> (hazard category 4). CONCLUSION This is the first report of insecticidal activity in 1,5,3‐oxathiazepanes. Compound 3 exhibits broad‐spectrum activity across multiple insect orders and low mammalian toxicity, combined with a scalable one‐pot synthesis. These findings establish oxathiazepanes as a new chemical scaffold with interesting insecticidal activity and a favorable safety profile against mammals, which warrants further investigation to determine its mode of action and potential for managing resistance. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}