Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"Cry1 resistance in a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HaCad1 gene knockout strain of the Australian cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera conferta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"Cao Grace Fang, Bill James, Michelle Williams, Andy Bachler, Wee Tek Tay, Tom Walsh, Michael Frese","doi":"10.1002/ps.8500","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.8500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Helicoverpa armigera is a highly polyphagous species that causes huge losses to agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. In the cotton industry, H. armigera, including the Australian subspecies Helicoverpa armigera conferta, is largely managed using genetically modified crops that express insecticidal toxins, such as Cry1Ac. Resistance to Cry1 proteins occurs and, in some cases, is mediated by changes to HaCad1, a gene that encodes the midgut protein cadherin. Around the world, numerous resistance-associated polymorphisms have been identified in the HaCad1 gene of H. armigera, but Cry1Ac resistance is rare in the Australian subspecies. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to disrupt the cadherin gene in H. armigera conferta and characterised the resulting phenotype with bioassays and transcriptomics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the parental strain, the newly generated HaCad1 knockout strain is 44-fold and 16-fold more resistant to Cry1Ac and Cry1A.105, respectively, while wild-type and knockout insects were equally insensitive to Cry1F.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The disruption of the HaCad1 gene causes Cry1Ac resistance in Australian H. armigera conferta. However, Cry1Ac resistance remains rare in Australian field populations suggesting that Australia's approach to pest management in cotton has prevented widespread Cry1Ac resistance. © 2024 CSIRO. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the strategy for insecticidal crystal encapsulation with cell wall in industrial processes.","authors":"Yujia Hou, Xin Zhang, Li Zhou, Yanrong Xu, Yuanhong Zhu, Tinglu Yan, Qi Peng, Huamei Liu, Fuping Song","doi":"10.1002/ps.8537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can produce insecticidal crystal proteins during sporulation, and these are the basis of the most successful microbial insecticides in use today. However, the susceptibility of insecticidal crystal proteins to inactivation by ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight causes damage to the insecticidal crystals and subsequent loss of toxicity. The deletion of the mclX gene, an unknown functional gene, can make the insecticidal crystal proteins become encapsulated by the cell wall which provides some protection against UV radiation. This study evaluates the potential of this innovative strategy during the industrial process of commercial strain KN11.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gene mclX was deleted from a commercial Bt strain KN11 successfully, and the mutant strain was cultured under different conditions, including laboratory and industrial fermentation conditions. The mother cells of the mclX mutant strain remained nonlysed after industrial processes. The deletion of mclX had no adverse effects on the production of Cry1Ac protein and no impact on the insecticidal activity. Most noteworthy, the ΔmclX mutant had improved UV resistance and insecticidal activity compared to the wild-type KN11 strain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding suggests that commercial strains can be genetically modified to encapsulate insecticidal crystal in Bt products using the mclX mutation strategy. This study evaluated the ability of commercial strains lacking the mclX gene to encapsulate crystals giving resistance to UV radiation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incipient resistance of the African maize stemborer, Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Cry2Ab2 maize in South Africa.","authors":"Elrine Strydom, Annemie Erasmus, Stephanus Friis, Jacques Magson, Srinivas Parimi, Samuel Martinelli, Graham P Head, Hannalene du Plessis, Johnnie van den Berg","doi":"10.1002/ps.8529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resistance of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Cry1Ab was documented in 2006, 7 years after the first cultivation of MON 810 in South Africa. This was mitigated by introducing a second-generation Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize (MON 89034), which contains the Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 proteins. The first reports of B. fusca infestations of MON 89034 maize came in the KwaZulu-Natal province (2017-2018 cropping season), followed by reports in the Mpumalanga province (2022-2023 season). Here we report results of artificial diet- and plant-based laboratory assays to assess the susceptibility of B. fusca populations to the Bt proteins in MON 89034.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Larvae were sampled from nine locations which included three where greater than expected injury due to B. fusca had been reported to MON 89034. Larval mortality in assays with diet-incorporated Cry2Ab2 protein was 100% for all except the three problem populations, showing that the Cry2Ab2 protein in MON 89034 is highly efficacious against B. fusca. In contrast, assays with Cry1A.105 did not cause significant mortality in any of the B. fusca populations including larvae from a susceptible reference. Larval survival on leaf tissue of MON 89034 maize after 7 days ranged between 75% and 91% for the three problematic B. fusca populations, compared to 0.4% to 9.6% for the five other populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, MON 89034 is effectively a single-mode-of-action technology against B. fusca and carries an inherent high risk for the evolution of resistance. This study shows that the three B. fusca populations collected from locations with greater than expected damage to MON 89034 have resistance to the Cry2Ab2 protein and therefore to MON 89034 maize. This research emphasizes the importance of resistance monitoring and implementation of effective insect resistance management tactics. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary effector DcE1 suppresses plant defense and facilitates the successful feeding of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri.","authors":"Yinhui Kuang, Chaozhi Shangguan, Chuyang Wang, Liwei Gao, Xiudao Yu","doi":"10.1002/ps.8536","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.8536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Piercing-sucking insects secrete diverse repertoires of effectors into their hosts to weaken host defenses and promote infestation. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the most destructive insect pest in citrus orchards because of its role as a vector for the huanglongbing pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). However, specific effector proteins and their functions in D. citri remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that DcE1, a salivary protein gene from D. citri, is predominantly expressed in the salivary gland tissues and is delivered into host plants during feeding. Transient expression in tobacco leaves revealed that DcE1 was subcellularly localized in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane, where it inhibited BAX- and INF1-induced cell death, suppressed callose deposition, and activated the salicylic acid pathway by upregulating the expression of endo-β-1,3-glucanase NtBGL2 and regulatory protein NtNPR1. Further, DcE1 knockdown by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) injection decreased the survival rates of D. citri and interrupted D. citri phloem-feeding on host plants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that DcE1 is a novel effector that promotes plant susceptibility and enables D. citri feeding. These findings enhance our understanding of D. citri-plant interactions and offer a potential new target gene for the development of citrus protection strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-throughput multilocus-amplicon sequencing panel to monitor insecticide resistance in fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","authors":"Yizhou Chen,&nbsp;Duong T Nguyen,&nbsp;Helen Spafford,&nbsp;Grant A Herron","doi":"10.1002/ps.7883","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fall armyworm (FAW), <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>, is a highly polyphagous crop pest that has spread over the world rapidly and invaded Australia in 2020. Globally, FAW has been reported to be resistant to several insecticides permitted in Australia. Timely resistance diagnosis is critical for integrated pest management-based control of FAW in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a multi-amplicon panel by next-generation sequencing (multiamplicon-seq) to identify known insecticide resistance mutations in Australian FAW with high throughput and low cost. The panel included nine known mutations causing insecticide resistance in FAW and four gene mutations causing insecticide resistance in several insect species, not yet reported in FAW.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sequenced 36 plates (96-well) in one MiSeq flow cell with easy sequencing library preparation. We found that Australian FAW carried a very high proportion of the F290V mutation in the acetylcholinesterase (<i>AChE</i>) gene that causes resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. Furthermore, FAW has a <i>GABA</i>-activated chloride channel mutation, A301Q in the <i>RDL</i> gene.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sequencing-based platform provided evidence of a duplication in the <i>AChE</i> gene. Here several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 476-bp amplicon of the <i>AChE</i> gene demonstrated 100% heterozygosity across samples and some individuals carried two haplotypes with the F290V mutation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Molecular surveillance by multiamplicon-seq will increase capacity for early detection and future resistance monitoring in highly dispersed Australian FAW. It can provide timely resistance information and has the potential to play an important role in the resistance management of FAW. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"1510-1522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89716226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tree height and spraying methods on Diaphorina citri kuwayama endosymbionts in the context of Huanglongbing disease management in citrus orchards","authors":"Mubasher Hussain,&nbsp;Yun Zhong,&nbsp;Tonglai Tao,&nbsp;Baolin Xiu,&nbsp;Fengxian Ye,&nbsp;Jing Gao,&nbsp;Runqian Mao","doi":"10.1002/ps.7880","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7880","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Huanglongbing (HLB) (caused by <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus) is the most damaging disease of citrus around the world. This study investigated the effects of citrus tree height on <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama mortality, endosymbiont responses, and HLB distribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results reveal that the age of citrus trees plays a significant role in psyllid mortality. Interestingly, the cumulative mean mortality (%) of psyllids over the seven-day observation period was higher (31.50±0.03) when four-year-old (501A1, 502A2, 501A3) citrus trees were sprayed with a US-SMART mechanical sprayer. In contrast, the psyllids mortality was 0.09±0.23 for the 13-year-old citrus trees (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) sprayed with a US-SMART mechanical sprayer and 9.10±0.05 for 13-year-old (502A2, 502B2, 502D1) citrus trees sprayed with a fixed US-SMART mechanical sprayer. Our findings also revealed that psyllids from both four- and 13-year-old citrus trees carried <i>Candidatus</i> Carsonella ruddii species and Wolbachia, the primary and secondary endosymbionts, respectively. Surprisingly, infection rates of these endosymbionts remained consistent across different age groups, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, our study highlights the significance of tree height as a proxy for tree age in influencing HLB occurrence. Specifically, four-year-old citrus trees subjected to the US-SMART mechanical sprayer for citrus psyllid control demonstrated effective disease management compared to 13-year-old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus trees sprayed with US-SMART mechanical sprayers. Additionally, the investigation explored the impact of tree height on HLB distribution. In four-year-old trees, no significant correlation between HLB disease and tree height was observed, potentially due to effective spray coverage with US-SMART mechanical sprayer. However, in 13-year-old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus tree sprayed with US-SMART mechanical sprayer, a positive correlation between tree height and HLB disease was evident.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research provides valuable insights into the complex interaction between citrus tree age, psyllid endosymbionts responses, and HLB distribution. These results emphasize effective HLB management strategies, especially in orchards with diverse tree age populations, ultimately contributing to the long-term sustainability of citrus cultivation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"1484-1500"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72207670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropped Flemingia macrophylla successfully traps tea aphid (Toxoptera aurantia) and alters associated networks to enhance tea quality","authors":"Jie Gao,&nbsp;Jianwei Tang,&nbsp;Sen Zhang,&nbsp;Chunyan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.7879","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7879","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The tea aphid, <i>Toxoptera aurantia</i> is a destructive pest causing severe damage to the quality and yield of tea, <i>Camellia sinensis</i>. Relying on chemical insecticides to control this pest causes adverse ecological and economic consequences. Trap plants are an eco-friendly alternative strategy to mitigate pest damage on focal plants by attracting target insects and natural enemies. Yet, the utilization of trap plants in tea plantations remains limited. Besides, the effects of the trap plant on the tea aphid–ant–predator community and tea quality and yield are unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intercropped <i>Flemingia macrophylla</i> successfully trapped tea aphids and enhanced the complexity of aphid–ant–predator networks over three consecutive years compared to monoculture management. Moreover, <i>F. macrophylla</i> significantly increased the abundance of natural predators by 3100% and species richness by 57%. The increasing predators suppressed the aphid population and hampered its spillover to neighbouring tea plants. Consequently, <i>F. macrophylla</i> improved tea quality by an 8% increase in soluble sugar and a 26% reduction in polyphenols to amino acids ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study illustrated that <i>F. macrophylla</i> is a suitable trap crop for tea aphid control in tea plantations. This legume increases species nodes and strengthens multiple connections in aphid-associated communities through its cascade effects, improving tea quality. These findings shed light on the potential application of trap plants in tea plantations as an efficient integrated pest management (IPM) strategy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"1474-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72012792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enantioselective metabolism of fenpropathrin enantiomers by carboxyl/choline esterase 6 in Tetranychus cinnabarinus","authors":"Furong Yang,&nbsp;Lulu Ran,&nbsp;Yuhan He,&nbsp;Zhifeng Xu,&nbsp;Lin He,&nbsp;Ping Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.7882","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7882","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Tetranychus cinnabarinus</i> is a polyphagous pest mite commonly found in agriculture. As an excellent acaricide, fenpropathrin (FEN) is frequently used to control <i>T. cinnabarinus</i> in agriculture. However, commercial FEN is a racemate with two enantiomers, <i>R</i>-FEN and <i>S</i>-FEN. Considering that investigations on the metabolism of FEN by <i>T. cinnabarinus</i> are based on racemate FEN, it is important to investigate the enantioselective metabolism of FEN in <i>T. cinnabarinus</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>S</i>-FEN was more toxic to <i>T. cinnabarinus</i> than <i>R</i>-FEN by more than 68.8-fold. Moreover, the synergist bioassay revealed that carboxylesterase and cytochrome P450 were the primary enzymes engaged in the detoxification of FEN in <i>T. cinnabarinus</i>, with carboxylesterase playing a leading role. Seven genes were substantially different after the induction of <i>S</i>-FEN and <i>R</i>-FEN. <i>TcCCE06</i> was screened and selected as a key gene that related to FEN metabolism in <i>T. cinnabarinus.</i> The metabolic results showed that the recombinant <i>TcCCE06</i> effectively metabolized 32.1% of the <i>R</i>-FEN and 13.8% of the <i>S</i>-FEN within 4 h of incubation. Moreover, <i>R</i>-FEN was demonstrated to have a higher affinity for the <i>TcCCE06</i> protein than <i>S</i>-FEN based on molecular docking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicated that <i>TcCCE06</i> mediates the enantioselective metabolism of FEN in <i>T. cinnabarinus</i>. Our findings will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the differential toxicity of the FEN enantiomers against <i>T. cinnabarinus</i>. Furthermore, they also provide a new perspective for the development of enantiomer-enriched acaricides with higher activity and lower pesticide dosage and pollution risks. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"1501-1509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72207671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging insect viruses and genetic manipulation for sustainable agricultural pest control","authors":"Kai Sun,&nbsp;Kang Fu,&nbsp;Tao Hu,&nbsp;Xuping Shentu,&nbsp;Xiaoping Yu","doi":"10.1002/ps.7878","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7878","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The potential of insect viruses in the biological control of agricultural pests is well-recognized, yet their practical application faces obstacles such as host specificity, variable virulence, and resource scarcity. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have significantly advanced our capabilities in discovering and identifying new insect viruses, thereby enriching the arsenal for pest management. Concurrently, progress in reverse genetics has facilitated the development of versatile viral expression vectors. These vectors have enhanced the specificity and effectiveness of insect viruses in targeting specific pests, offering a more precise approach to pest control. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the methodologies employed in the identification of insect viruses using HTS. Additionally, it explores the domain of genetically modified insect viruses and their associated challenges in pest management. The adoption of these cutting-edge approaches holds great promise for developing environmentally sustainable and effective pest control solutions. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 6","pages":"2515-2527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ps.7878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72207672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effect of region on diversity and composition of weed seedbanks in herbicide-resistant crop systems in the United States","authors":"Zhe Ren,&nbsp;David J. Gibson,&nbsp;Karla L. Gage,&nbsp;Joseph L. Matthews,&nbsp;Micheal D. K. Owen,&nbsp;David L. Jordan,&nbsp;David R. Shaw,&nbsp;Stephen C. Weller,&nbsp;Robert G. Wilson,&nbsp;Bryan G. Young","doi":"10.1002/ps.7875","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.7875","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil seedbanks have been recognized as one of the crucial components of agricultural ecosystems. However, studies on the shift in structure and biodiversity of soil seedbanks in herbicide-resistant crop systems are limited, and a functional trait perspective of the soil seedbank is often overlooked.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 6 years experiment was conducted to investigate the roles of region, crop system, and weed management strategy on species richness, functional trait diversity, and composition of the weed seedbank. Species richness was different across the interaction of region and crop system, while functional trait diversity only showed difference across regions. Species and functional trait compositions were affected by the interaction of region and crop system. Specifically, the compositional difference among crop systems was mainly determined by the significant heterogeneity of group dispersion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growers and practitioners should consider weed functional traits in developing lasting agricultural management strategies. Long-term weed research should draw attention to the impact of transgenic crop systems and specific management tactics on weed dispersal, functional composition, and resistance evolution of weed species in such agroecosystems. © 2023 The Authors. <i>Pest Management Science</i> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"1446-1453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ps.7875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72012791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}