Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on structural modification and action targets of plant‐derived insecticidal active alkaloids","authors":"Hongyu Yu, Tingting Zheng, Hong Li, Jiahui Chen, Heshan Niu, Xuan Tang, Zhaocheng Wang, Xiuyun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70092","url":null,"abstract":"The severe ‘3R’ problems (Residue, Resistance, Resurgence) associated with synthetic insecticides necessitate eco‐friendly alternatives. Plant‐derived alkaloids, offering ecological compatibility, diverse modes‐of‐action and structural versatility, present promising candidates. This review synthesizes recent advances in the structural modification and insecticidal mechanisms of key plant‐derived alkaloids. For neurotoxic alkaloids, we focus on nicotine (nAChRs agonist; modifications such as bridged‐rings, e.g. cycloxaprid, reduce nontarget toxicity), matrine (Glu‐GABA signaling inhibitor; lactam ring and C‐13/14/15 modifications enhance efficacy) and evodiamine (RyRs activator; ring A/B/D/E substitutions, e.g. F, boost activity). Regarding chronic physiological inhibitors, we cover: piperine (trehalase/chitinase inhibitor disrupting molting; binding pocket optimization) and camptothecin (apoptosis inducer via mitochondrial/DNA damage; lactone ring and C‐7/10 modifications enhance cytotoxicity). The review also summarizes quinine modification strategies and sanguinarine's insecticidal mechanism. Rational structural design, guided by target structures (nAChRs, chitinases) and employing tactics such as bridged‐rings, significantly improves potency [high activity: median lethal concentration (LC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub>) &lt; 50 μg mL<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>], selectivity and stability. While acknowledging synergistic effects in crude extracts, the review emphasizes that standardization and practical application require focus on optimized single bioactive constituents. Targeted structural modification is thus crucial for developing potent, selective and stable next‐generation plant‐derived alkaloid insecticides. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of human volatiles produced by skin microbiota on Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwana host preference.","authors":"Tengfei Lu,Yuling Zhang,Dan Gou,Haocong Chen,Xiaohui Hou","doi":"10.1002/ps.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70089","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMidges are widely distributed globally. They can transmit numerous serious diseases when biting hosts. It is crucial for developing more effective midge monitoring and control methods to better understand how host volatiles attract and repel these blood-sucking insects.RESULTSIn this work, volatile substances from human skin were detected by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 25 compounds in relatively high contents were identified from the gauzes adsorbing volatiles of eight volunteers, including ketones, aldehydes, alcohols and acids. Nonanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and decyl aldehyde were all present in the skin volatiles of the volunteers, at relatively stable and high levels. Our results showed that 0.001% geranylacetone exhibited the highest attraction rate for midges, at ≤72.1%, and that 10% 3-methyl-1-butanol has the highest repellent rate towards midges, reaching 70.7% by behavioral experiments. Thirty-five types of bacteria from the skin surface of the volunteers were identified. It was discovered that 3-methyl-1-butanol was mainly produced by Staphylococcus hominis subsp. novobiosepticus (R2A01-07) with a high rate of 81.898%.CONCLUSIONIn summary, volatile substances can attract or repel midges in the appropriate concentration ranges. Differences in human volatile compounds are mainly regulated by the skin microbiota, which indirectly changes the olfactory behavior of midges by regulating human odor. This work is very helpful for understanding the specific mechanisms underlying the host preference of midges. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epoxy tetrahydrophthalimides as potential bioactive agents: synthesis and computational study.","authors":"Kariny Bragato Amorim Torrent,Vitor Cunha Baia,Laisa Samarini Gomes,Eloiza Ribeiro Castro,Vânia Maria Teixeira Carneiro,Elson Santiago Alvarenga","doi":"10.1002/ps.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70111","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDDue to the growing resistance of weeds to known herbicides, the search for new bioactive substances has been increasing in recent years. Imides belong to an important class of chemical compounds known to present various biological activities such as herbicide, fungicide, insecticide, and bactericide. In this study, the synthesis, purification, structural elucidation, and bioassays of four pairs of epoxy tetrahydrophthalimides 15a-18a and 15b-18b were conducted. Additionally in silico studies were performed to identify potential biological targets for the synthesized compounds.RESULTSThe target compounds were prepared using a four-step synthetic route that starts with a microwave-assisted Diels-Alder reaction between maleic anhydride and isoprene. All synthesized compounds had their phytotoxicity evaluated using germination tests in Petri dishes against Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus, Sorghum bicolor and Bidens pilosa. At concentrations of 500 and 300 μm substance 16a presented inhibition of 70% and 66%, respectively, of the aerial parts of sorghum plants, which is higher than that observed for the commercial herbicide S-metolachlor. Molecular docking studies were performed for compounds 15a, 15b, 17a, and 17b, indicating that they form complexes with the mitogen-activated protein kinase 5R92, which shares similar amino acid sequences with those found in plants.CONCLUSIONAll substances caused inhibition or stimulation of seed growth compared to the control. Some substances caused plant growth inhibition superior or equivalent to the commercial herbicide, denoting these imides for the development of new agrochemicals. In silico studies suggest that mitogen-activated protein kinase may be the target of these compounds. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weed biodiversity and herbicide intensity as linked via a decision support system.","authors":"Friederike de Mol,Robert Fritzsche,Bärbel Gerowitt","doi":"10.1002/ps.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70019","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDExtensive herbicide use is one reason for the declining biodiversity of arable weeds. This study aimed to investigate (i) whether herbicide decisions recommended by a decision support system increase the weed species diversity compared to standard recommendations, and (ii) whether high weed species diversity reduces herbicide intensity, which in turn contributes to higher diversity. Data on weeds and herbicide applications in winter wheat fields in north-eastern Germany were collected in 15 field trials over 2 years. Five treatments differed in the way of decision-making for herbicide application, including two treatments according to recommendations of decision support systems.RESULTSAlong the Hill's series biodiversity metrics, the untreated control had the highest species richness (13.5 m-2) per field but showed increasingly stronger dominance structures than the treated plots (equivalent species richness: 1.7-2.0 m-2). The treatment frequency index as a metric for herbicide intensity was significantly lowest in the decision support system with low reliability (1.07). Path models, including weed diversity and density in autumn, weed diversity in summer, and herbicide intensity as a mediating variable showed a significant decreasing effect of Shannon diversity on herbicide intensity in all treatments. Only the decision support systems reacted to low weed densities with a significant reduction of the herbicide intensity.CONCLUSIONHigher weed species diversity contributes to lower herbicide intensity, which is ecologically and economically valuable. Decision support systems for herbicide application should have other target functions than cost reduction for contributing to biodiversity. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning and RNAi-mediated functional characterization of two Monochamus alternatus chitinase genes.","authors":"Siming Fang,Xiaoxiao Chang,Han Chen,Zongren Wu,Juan Shi","doi":"10.1002/ps.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70013","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDInsect chitinases play essential roles in molting and immune defense, however their specific functions in the Japanese pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus), the primary vector of pine wilt disease, remain poorly understood. Existing control strategies are non-eco-friendly and inefficient, indicating the need for sustainable alternatives. This study was designed to at characterize two chitinase genes, (MaCht-3 and MaIDGF-4) and evaluate their roles in M. alternatus development to identify novel RNAi-based control targets.RESULTSMaCht-3 and MaIDGF-4 exhibited peak expression during the late larval (L5) and early pupal stages. RNAi-mediated silencing of MaCht-3 resulted in molting defects (80% deformity at 15 μg dsRNA), developmental delays (25-50% prolongation of the larval-pupal transition), and cuticle wrinkling. Silencing MaIDGF-4 compromised immune function, leading to 33.33% mortality due to infection and structural disruption of the tracheal and abdominal cuticle integrity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed abnormal epidermal thinning in MaCht-3-silenced individuals and thickening in those treated with dsMaIDGF-4.CONCLUSIONMaCht-3 and MaIDGF-4 regulate distinct chitin remodeling pathways essential for M. alternatus development and immunity. RNAi-mediated disruption of these genes presents targeted, environmentally friendly strategy to reduce vector populations and limit pine wilt disease transmission. These findings serve as a reference for the development of molecular pest control approaches by linking gene-specific dysfunction to actionable practical biocontrol solutions, reducing dependence on traditional insecticides. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the herbicidal activity of mesosulfuron-methyl oil dispersion against Aegilops tauschii by decreasing particle size and adding adjuvant polyvinyl alcohol.","authors":"Haiyan Yu,Tao Zhang,Cunyu Wei,Juan Yang,Xinle Ma,Jingchao Chen,Hailan Cui,Feng Liu,Xiangju Li","doi":"10.1002/ps.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70075","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMesosulfuron-methyl (MSM) is currently the only available selective herbicide for controlling Aegilops tauschii in wheat fields. Improving the control performance of MSM against Ae. tauschii is crucial for ensuring wheat yield. Herein, strategies to improve the bioactivity of MSM against Ae. tauschii and the underlying mechanism were investigated.RESULTSThe efficacy of MSM oil dispersion (MSM-OD, GR50 = 21.62 g a.i. ha-1) on Ae. tauschii was higher than emulsion in water (GR50 = 59.96 g a.i. ha-1) and emulsifiable concentrate (GR50 = 77.34 g a.i. ha-1). A greater retention on Ae. tauschii leaves was responsible for the increased MSM-OD bioactivity. As the particle size decreased from 13.58 to 1.20 μm, the herbicidal activity of MSM-OD towards Ae. tauschii increased 3.07-fold, which was attributed to the small particle size-enabled faster plant absorption of MSM. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, 3%) addition in MSM-OD with a small particle size (MSM-OD-S + PVA) increased MSM residue on Ae. tauschii leaves after washing, and thus herbicidal activity. The increased wettability on Ae. tauschii leaves was related to the PVA-induced rainfastness increase of MSM-OD-S. Importantly, MSM-OD-S + PVA at the recommended field rate did not show an adverse effect on wheat growth.CONCLUSIONA suitable formulation, reduced particle size and PVA addition can increase the herbicidal activity of MSM against Ae. tauschii, particularly under rainy conditions. These results can provide guidance for the development and application of other herbicides. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144720314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the diversity of turfgrass‐associated entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria for root‐knot and sting nematode biocontrol","authors":"Jacob Larkin, Rami Kassam, William Crow, Abolfazl Hajihassani","doi":"10.1002/ps.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70077","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDSymbiotic bacteria from the genera <jats:italic>Xenorhabdus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Photorhabdus</jats:italic> associated with <jats:italic>Steinernema</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Heterorhabditis</jats:italic> entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), respectively, show nematicidal properties against plant‐parasitic nematodes. This study investigated the diversity of EPNs in Floridian turfgrass systems and the effect of secondary metabolites of their symbiotic bacteria against grass root‐knot (<jats:italic>Meloidogyne graminis</jats:italic>) and sting (<jats:italic>Belonolaimus longicaudatus</jats:italic>) nematodes, major pests in turfgrass systems.RESULTSSix isolates of <jats:italic>H. indica</jats:italic>, four of <jats:italic>S. glaseri</jats:italic>, and two of <jats:italic>S. diaprepesi</jats:italic> were isolated and identified molecularly from three turfgrass locations. Additionally, their symbiotic bacteria, <jats:italic>X. poinarii</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>X. griffiniae</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>X. doucetiae</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>X. indica, P. akhurstii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. luminescens</jats:italic> were isolated and molecularly identified. Nematicidal efficacy of bacterial secondary metabolites (crude extracts) was tested against <jats:italic>M. graminis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. longicaudatus</jats:italic> nematodes <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Bioassays demonstrated a concentration‐dependent increase in nematode mortality. The isolates <jats:italic>X. poinarii</jats:italic> 733 and <jats:italic>X. griffiniae</jats:italic> 1050 exhibited high mortality against <jats:italic>M. graminis</jats:italic> after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure at 25% concentration (&gt;87%) (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). In addition to these isolates, two others, <jats:italic>P. akhurstii</jats:italic> 846 and <jats:italic>P. luminescens</jats:italic> 1189, exhibited high mortality (44–100%) against <jats:italic>B. longicaudatus</jats:italic> after 72 h at 25%, 50% and 100% concentrations (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).CONCLUSIONThese findings indicate that Florida turfgrass soils harbor a high diversity of EPNs and associated bacteria. Furthermore, our results suggest for the first time that <jats:italic>Xenorhabdus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Photorhabdus</jats:italic>‐derived secondary metabolites offer a promising biocontrol approach for managing <jats:italic>M. graminis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. longicaudatus</jats:italic>. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conspecific egg consumption of Ephestia kuehniella neonates enhanced by Trichogramma evanescens parasitism: provoked cannibalism turns into a predation reversal in the host–parasitoid trophic system","authors":"Adil Tonğa","doi":"10.1002/ps.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70097","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCannibalism directly affects the cannibal species and may indirectly influence its ecological interactions. However, its impact on trophic interactions remains underexplored, especially when cannibals consume parasitized conspecifics, potentially leading to predation reversal.ResultsThis study investigated whether parasitism of host eggs provokes cannibalism that could potentially trigger predation reversal and hinder the outcomes of biological control in an insect–insect model, particularly with a parasitoid as the secondary consumer and a lepidopteran host as the primary consumer. The density‐dependent feeding and orientation preferences of <jats:italic>Ephestia kuehniella</jats:italic> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) neonate larvae on unparasitized and/or <jats:italic>Trichogramma evanescens</jats:italic> (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)‐parasitized conspecific eggs were investigated in no‐choice and two‐choice experiments. The results demonstrated that <jats:italic>E. kuehniella</jats:italic> neonates exhibited a clear feeding and orientation preference toward parasitized conspecific eggs over healthy ones in both no‐choice and two‐choice experiments. The orientation preference was not different only in several cases, whereas the higher consumption of parasitized eggs supported a clear overall preference, indicating a predation reversal in the host–parasitoid trophic level. Neonate feeding on parasitized egg batches significantly reduced the number of emerged parasitoids. Artificially damaged conspecific eggs also were preferred by neonates indicating clear interest in damaged conspecific egg content, whereas the participation of parasitoid relevant cues in perception of parasitized eggs remains yet to be investigated.ConclusionPossible reasons underlying increased consumption of parasitized eggs are discussed. This study highlights that parasitism‐induced conspecific egg consumption, provoking cannibalism, causes a predation reversal in the host–parasitoid relationship which poses a bottleneck in the operation of biological control programs. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of compounds from the egg volatiles of Asia corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, that attract egg parasitoid, Trichogramma ostriniae","authors":"Xiang‐Xin Kong, Yu‐Qin Wang, Wu‐Nan Che, Jin‐Cheng Zhou, Hui Dong","doi":"10.1002/ps.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70103","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe egg parasitoids, <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), is an important biological control agent against the Asia corn borer, <jats:italic>Ostrinia furnacalis</jats:italic>, a destructive maize pest. These short‐lived wasps (adult longevity of several to tens of days) have to locate their host within a limited time by exploiting reliable cues related to their hosts, for example, host egg volatiles. This study identified specific compounds in <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> egg volatiles that attract female <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> and tested the effects of these compounds and synthetic sex pheromones analogue of <jats:italic>O. furnacalis,</jats:italic> (Z)‐12:14AC and (E)‐12:14AC with a ratio of 47:53 (ZE) on parasitism of <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> on <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> eggs in a maize–plant cage.RESULTSThe egg volatiles from <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Helicoverpa armigera</jats:italic> were the most attractive to <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> among the egg volatiles of five host tested species. Among the 13 specific compounds identified in <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> egg volatiles using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> females preferred six compounds (oleic acid, stearic acid, dioctyl phthalate, tetracosane, palmitic acid, and 4‐hydroxyphenylethanol), and were repelled by three (heptadecanoic acid, phenylacetaldehyde, and elaidic acid). <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> females showed a significant preference for ‘OSDTP4’ (a mixture of the six preferred compounds) at 1, 0.1, and 0.01 μg/μL, but not at 10 and 0.001 μg/μL. The females preferred ZE, at 1 and 10 μg/μL, but not at 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 μg/μL. In the cage and field experiments, <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> displayed higher parasitism rate on <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> eggs treated with OSDTP4, ZE, or their mixture than the control. The mixture of OSDTP4 and ZE was more effective in promoting parasitism than either alone.CONCLUSIONThe present results identified six specific compounds from volatiles of <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> eggs attract to <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> females. By enhancing the attraction of <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> to <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> eggs, we can potentially improve capability of parasitoid wasps to find the target pest and increase the efficacy of <jats:italic>Trichogramma ostriniae</jats:italic> against <jats:italic>O. furnacalis</jats:italic> in biological control programs. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus using genome‐specific primers based on loop‐mediated isothermal amplification assay","authors":"Yu Zhou, Ze Xia Zhu, Nicolas Feau, Yue Sun, Xu Liu, Wen Na Gao, Chong Juan You","doi":"10.1002/ps.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.70012","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAsh dieback, caused by <jats:italic>Hymenoscyphus fraxineus</jats:italic> (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz &amp; Hosoya, is a serious fungal disease affecting Common ash (<jats:italic>Fraxinus excelsior</jats:italic>) populations across Europe and posing a global risk to ash trees worldwide. Traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based detection methods often target conserved gene regions, limiting the development of species‐specific probes. However, the increasing availability of whole‐genome sequences for <jats:italic>H. fraxineus</jats:italic> and its close relatives enables the identification of unique genes or genomic regions.RESULTSThis study utilized such genomic data to develop a sensitive, species‐specific loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detecting <jats:italic>H. fraxineus</jats:italic> in <jats:italic>Fraxinus mandshurica</jats:italic> samples. The LAMP assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 2.53 fg/μL and proved effective in early detection of the pathogen.CONCLUSIONAltogether the developed LAMP detection method could be quite useful for further studies on the characteristics of the life cycle and colonization process of <jats:italic>H. fraxineus</jats:italic> in Asian ash host species. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}