Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating predatory arthropods for the biological control of the invasive Thrips parvispinus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in greenhouse sweet pepper.","authors":"Estefanía Rodríguez, Mario Porcel, Antonio Robledo, Lidia Lara, María Del Mar Téllez, María Del Mar Montoro, Clemente Martínez, Apostolos Pekas","doi":"10.1002/ps.70903","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thrips parvispinus is an invasive pest of increasing concern in European greenhouse crops, especially sweet pepper. Its recent spread in southeastern Spain has disrupted integrated pest management protocols relying on inoculative releases of Orius laevigatus and Amblyseius swirskii. Although these predators effectively control Frankliniella occidentalis, their effectiveness against T. parvispinus is unclear. We evaluated the efficacy of O. laevigatus, A. swirskii, and the thrips-specific Franklinothrips vespiformis, alone and combined, against T. parvispinus under semi-field greenhouse conditions, also assessing predator compatibility, pest and predator distribution, and crop productivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>O. laevigatus, alone or in the three species combination, provided the most effective pest suppression. F. vespiformis was compatible with O. laevigatus, although A. swirskii abundance declined in the combined treatment, suggesting intraguild interactions between predators. T. parvispinus was primarily a leaf-dwelling thrips, with only 5.5% of individuals found in flowers. However, this proportion varied depending on predator presence, suggesting predator-induced movement. Notably, pest abundance in flowers was higher in the A. swirskii treatment compared with the other predators and the control, suggesting predator-induced behavioral avoidance. Fruit productivity mirrored overall pest suppression, with significantly higher yields observed in the O. laevigatus and combined treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings refine our understanding of predator interactions and support the inclusion of compatible thrips-specific predators as promising components of biological control strategies for T. parvispinus in sweet pepper crops. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8448-8458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147947379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and synthesis of oxathiapiprolin derivatives containing acetal fragments as potent fungicide candidates.","authors":"Hong-Hao Li, Jin-Peng Yang, Chuan-Xiang Cheng, Lan Zhang, Chao Gong, Ying Ye, Xi-Li Liu, Wm Wishwajith W Kandegama, Xiao-Lei Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ps.70886","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBPs) serve as critical regulators throughout the oomycete life cycle. Oxathiapiprolin (OXA), a potent OSBP-targeting fungicide, represents the first commercially developed piperidine-thiazole-isooxazoline (PTI) product. Despite extensive structural modification focused on OXA, very few analogs with improved fungicidal activity have been identified to date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a series of OXA derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing a flexible acetal fragment into OXA. The compounds B3 and B5 respectively exhibited excellent 77.78% and 94.44% control efficiency against cucumber downy mildew (CDM) at 0.02 mg/L concentration. The field trials showed that compounds B3 and B5 took on higher control efficiency than OXA at the same concentration. The result of environmental toxicological risk assessment indicated that compounds B3 and B5 have lower toxicity to aquatic lives than OXA. Computational chemistry indicated that the binding mode of compound B3 with Phytophthora capsici OSBP (PcOSBP) is similar to that of OXA, and kept the main binding interaction with OSBPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that a strategy focused on increasing molecular flexibility could be advantageous for optimizing OSBP inhibitors. The chemical structure of compound B3 may serve as a promising new starting point for the development of further OSBP inhibitors. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8327-8337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating habitat suitability, socioeconomics, and infrastructure to assess global biological invasion risk under climate change: A case study of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis.","authors":"Jinsol Hong, Minyoung Lee, Yongeun Kim, Yun-Sik Lee, June Wee, Jaejun Song, Taewoo Kim, Jung-Joon Park, Florian Kraxner, Woo-Kyun Lee, Youngil Song, Kijong Cho","doi":"10.1002/ps.70952","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological invasion risk is a multifaceted concept that, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), results from the likelihood of entry, establishment, and dispersal, along with the potential impact magnitude. Based on this definition, we developed a national-scale risk index using normalization and entropy-based objective weights. The striped rice stem borer (RSB, Chilo suppressalis) was used as a case study to demonstrate global invasion risk under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios. Our framework integrated key data, including trade volume, transportation networks, cropland cover, irrigation, the Ecoclimate Index (EI) from the CLIMEX model, and rice harvest area to construct likelihood, and magnitude criteria. The final risk index (Risk) was calculated by multiplying likelihood and magnitude.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Substantial inhabitable areas (EI > 0) exist in Africa (60.7% of land area), North America (36.1%), and South America (85.6%). Risk was highest in South America (0.21), followed by Africa (0.18), North America (0.17), and Europe (0.08). Under SSPs, climate and land cover changes are projected to intensify regional differences in invasion risk. Risk is expected to increase in South America under all SSPs and in Europe under SSP585. In contrast, Risk is projected to decline in North America under all SSPs, while in Africa it shows a slight increase around the 2050s before decreasing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RSB has sufficient potential to threaten global food security. Given the varied regional patterns of risk components, proactive, region-specific biosecurity measures are essential for high-risk hotspots. The proposed framework provides a valuable tool for pest risk assessment. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9068-9086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of a new fluopyram-loaded nanocomposite with eco-environmental safety and its control effect on root-knot nematode disease.","authors":"Xiang Xiao, Qiang Jian, Xiyuan Mo, Zhongshao Deng, Jing Wang, Xueping Duan, Xijiao Liu, Hongmei Zhao, Junju Xu","doi":"10.1002/ps.70972","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) loaded with pesticides have unique porous structure and excellent functional properties, which can solve lower utilization rate and pesticide residues of chemical pesticides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZnMOF@SiO₂ loaded with Fluopyram (Flu) was prepared for the first time. The nanocomposite ZnMOF@SiO₂@Flu was observed to be spherical under SEM, with a loading rate of (28.38 ± 0.77) %, and a zeta potential of -37.35 mV, and the thermal stability was 61.47% higher than that of Flu. It had pH-responsive release function with a best release rate of 75.54% at pH 6.5 within 96 h, and the release model conformed to Ritger-Peppas equation. The LC₅₀ value of ZnMOF@SiO₂@Flu treatment (72 h) against Meloidogyne incognita was 8.384 μg/mL, which was about 1.7 times that of Flu treatment. Importantly, the control effect of it against root-knot nematode in a pot experiment reached up to 94.85% at a concentration of 200 μg/mL, which was significantly stronger than that of Flu, due to an excellent pH response release function of ZnMOF@SiO₂@Flu. Therefore, the amount of Flu applied was significantly reduced by using this controlled release system. Moreover, this nanocomposite promoted seed germination and plant growth, exhibited excellent biocompatibility with non-target soil invertebrate (Eisenia fetida), and positively reshaped the rhizosphere microbial community structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the highly eco-friendly ZnMOF@SiO₂@Flu nanocomposite has great potential in the prevention and control of M. incognita. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9309-9321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of novel piperidine-containing pyrazoleamide derivatives.","authors":"Wei Sun, Anjing Liao, Ya Wang, Xinyi Zhang, Han Yan, Fangxing Wang, Shengxin Guo, Jian Wu","doi":"10.1002/ps.70921","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plant viruses such as tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) pose a serious threat to global crop production, making the development of highly effective antiviral agents an urgent task in agricultural plant protection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three series of pyrazoleamide-piperidine derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their antiviral activities against TMV were evaluated. Compounds H9 and X18 exhibited protective half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 69.52 mg L^-1 and 82.27 mg L^-1, respectively, while the EC₅₀ for commercial antiviral agent ningnanmycin is 81.73 mg L^-1. TMV-GFP imaging revealed that compound H9 pretreatment more effectively delayed systemic TMV infection. The mechanism of action study indicated that compounds H9 and X18 enhanced the activity of defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). Additionally, they mitigated chlorophyll degradation and promoted chlorophyll production. Treatment with compound H9 up-regulated genes such as PR1, activating systemic acquired resistance in plants and enhancing TMV resistance. Concurrently, treatment with compound X18 up-regulated genes including CYP73A, CYP98A, and PAL, activating the phenylpropanoid pathway to promote lignin synthesis and enhance the cell barrier, thereby inhibiting TMV infection. These reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results were consistent with transcriptomic data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compounds H9 and X18 enhanced TMV resistance through distinct mechanisms, informing the development of novel green antiviral agents. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8712-8724"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"17-epi-Melianodiol, a new protolimonoid from Melia azedarach fruits, exhibits larvicidal activity and is associated with oxidative imbalance and midgut epithelial damage in Aedes aegypti larvae.","authors":"Kethleen Duarte Crespo Soares, Thalya Soares Ribeiro Nogueira, Maria Aparecida Aride Bertonceli, Renata Rodrigues da Silva Robaina, Leticia Oliveira da Rocha, Francisco José Alves Lemos, Kátia Valevski Sales Fernandes, Raimundo Braz-Filho, Ivo José Curcino Vieira","doi":"10.1002/ps.70968","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Brazil, Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika virus, posing a major public health concern, particularly in underdeveloped regions where insecticide resistance and the circulation of highly virulent strains are increasing. In search of alternative and sustainable control strategies, this study evaluated the biolarvicidal potential of compounds from the fruits of Melia azedarach against third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae, focusing on larvicidal efficacy and associated physiological alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the crude methanolic extract caused 100% larval mortality at 100 ppm. After liquid-liquid partitioning, the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest larvicidal activity (86.0% mortality). Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of the new compound 17-epi-melianodiol (1), a protolimonoid, which showed relevant larvicidal activity (LC₅₀ = 41.5 ppm; LC₉₀ = 64.7 ppm). Larvae exposed to 1 displayed pronounced morphological alterations, including cuticular damage and extensive vacuolization, as revealed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, 1 significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the larval midgut, indicating the occurrence of oxidative imbalance associated with tissue damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, these combined results suggest that 17-epi-melianodiol is a novel plant-derived larvicide with promising potential, contributing to our understanding of its physiological effects on Ae. aegypti larvae. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9240-9248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148040299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-enhanced multi-target RNAi in Myzus persicae: Molecular mechanisms, cross-kingdom sRNA transfer, and efficacy for sustainable pest management.","authors":"Rusul A Alghadab, Leonardo Velasco","doi":"10.1002/ps.70888","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is a major agricultural pest with documented resistance to multiple insecticide classes. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a sustainable alternative, but inefficient double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) uptake limits field application. This study evaluated carbon dots (CDs) and chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (ChNPs) as delivery vehicles for multi-target dsRNA against five essential aphid genes: acetylcholinesterase-like (AChE), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), carboxylesterase (CarE), cytochrome P450 (CYP6CY3), and Ya1 lncRNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nanoparticle complexation enhanced dsRNA delivery onto pepper leaves 3.7-14.0-fold compared to naked dsRNA (P < 0.001). Coated dsRNAs reduced target transcript levels by 82-99%, achieving 93.5% aphid mortality (CD:dsRNA) within 6 days, comparable to spirotetramat (91.0%). In greenhouse trials, ChNP:dsRNA-treated plants exhibited 38% greater aerial biomass than untreated controls (P < 0.001). High-throughput sequencing revealed efficient dsRNA processing in pepper and siRNA profiles in feeding aphids consistent with cross-kingdom transfer, with 24-nt siRNAs characteristic of plant DCL3 processing detected in aphids. Differential expression analysis identified significantly altered aphid miRNAs enriched for cell adhesion, transcriptional regulation, and G protein-coupled receptor signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nanocarrier-mediated multi-target RNAi achieved aphid mortality comparable to a commercial insecticide while maintaining superior plant health. The detection of plant-characteristic siRNAs in feeding aphids suggests cross-kingdom sRNA transfer that may enhance RNAi efficacy. These findings support nanoparticle-dsRNA formulations as effective components of integrated pest management. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8338-8357"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichoderma koningiopsis-assembled synthetic PGPR community manage Fusarium damping-off and promote growth of Pinus massoniana seedlings.","authors":"Zhibing Rui, Xuewen Wang, Cun Yu","doi":"10.1002/ps.70924","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fusarium oxysporum causes damping-off disease in Pinus massoniana seedlings. While Trichoderma koningiopsis can enhance seedling resistance by regulating rhizosphere plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), the specific bacterial compositions and their role in disease resistance remained undefined. To elucidate this mechanism, we used amplicon and metagenomic sequencing to identify T. koningiopsis-assembled PGPR. Synthetic PGPR communities were constructed from isolated strains to validate their effects on disease suppression and growth promotion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial community analysis indicated that T. koningiopsis reshaped the bacterial community: Actinospica, Dyella, and Streptomyces decreased in presence, and Bacillus and Arthrobacter increased. A total of 153 PGPR strains were isolated from the T. koningiopsis-inoculated treatment. Of these, eight strains demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against F. oxysporum, ranging from 33.81% to 59.52%. Four synthetic communities (SynComs) (C1, C2, HT, and 2K) were further constructed, exhibiting superior inhibitory effects against F. oxysporum compared to individual strains. Compared to the control, the C2 and HT SynComs increased seedling height by 10.18% and 9.44%, and reduced disease incidence by 50% and 36.67%, respectively. These treatments also enhanced protective enzyme activity and alleviated membrane damage. At the molecular level, the C2 and HT SynComs boost plant resistance by modulating the plant hormone and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, thereby activating the expression of crucial resistance genes such as PR1, FLS2, and CAT1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trichoderma koningiopsis alters the composition of rhizosphere PGPR community. The synthetic PGPR community assembled under the influence of T. koningiopsis effectively enhances damping-off resistance and promotes the growth of Masson pine seedlings. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8758-8772"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147961735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational polymorph design to enhance isoxaflutole herbicidal performance and enable dosage reduction.","authors":"Wenchao Yang, Rui Yang, Wenjing Mo, Yifei Zhang, Qiang Bian, Liyin Shi, Xiaofang Niu, Jinyang Li, Jingxiang Yang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70927","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving herbicidal efficiency while avoiding excessive application remains a long-standing challenge for reducing the environmental footprint of modern agrochemicals. Isoxaflutole (IFT), a highly effective herbicide increasingly used with IFT-tolerant crops, has raised concerns because both IFT and its primary metabolite diketonitrile (DKN) have been detected in surface waters approaching regulatory thresholds. Here, we report a crystal chemistry strategy that intrinsically improves IFT performance without incorporating additional chemical components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel polymorph, designated as Form II, was developed through rational crystal-structure design guided by systematic analysis of the physicochemical and solid-state factors governing IFT behavior. Accessed via a solvent-free melt crystallization process, Form II exhibits greater chemical stability, aqueous solubility, and lipophilicity than the commercial Form I, collectively contributing to reduced environmental losses and enhanced plant uptake. Structural analysis reveals that the absence of intermolecular C-H···N contacts and lower lattice energy in Form II underpin its superior chemical stability and solubility. Bioassays against Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. demonstrate that Form II achieves two-fold higher efficacy in soil application (median effective dose (ED₅₀): 3.00 versus 5.88 g AI ha^-1) and six-fold higher efficacy in foliar application (ED₅₀: 0.17 versus 1.11 g AI ha^-1) relative to Form I.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight rational polymorph design as an effective, preventive, and atom-economic strategy to enhance herbicide efficiency, thereby reducing IFT usage and minimizing environmental impact. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8782-8794"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147979661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bitter receptor links chemical detection to adaptive foraging avoidance in fire ants.","authors":"Huamei Wen, Yanbin Li, Biao Liu, Chuyao Li, Ziyi Gao, Jianghua Sun, Dingze Mang","doi":"10.1002/ps.70938","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bitter taste perception is critical for insect foraging decisions, yet the molecular basis of bitter-mediated deterrence remains poorly understood in invasive ants such as Solenopsis invicta. Elucidation of gustatory receptor mechanisms may facilitate the development of behaviorally informed strategies to modulate fire ant foraging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gustatory receptor SinvGr145 was broadly expressed in forager tissues and enriched in the antennae. Heterologous expression in HEK293T cells showed that the bitter compounds umbelliferone and L-canavanine selectively and dose-dependently activated SinvGr145, with EC₅₀ values of 2.98 and 5.356 mM, respectively. Antennal single sensillum recordings revealed strong, concentration-dependent neuronal responses to both compounds, which were significantly attenuated following RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SinvGr145. Consistently, in situ hybridization localized SinvGr145-expressing neurons to the antennae, and silencing SinvGr145 reduced behavioral avoidance of bitter-laced food sources. Furthermore, the incorporation of bitter compounds into bait substrates decreased forager recruitment and consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies SinvGr145 as a molecular link between bitter chemical cues and deterrent foraging behavior in S. invicta. Targeting gustatory receptor-mediated bitter perception may provide a foundation for developing receptor-based strategies to regulate fire ant foraging in pest management programs. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"8908-8920"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148025476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}