Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"1,2,4-Triazolium compounds as anti-oomycete leads against Phytophthora capsici.","authors":"Jia Song, Xiao Zhang, Aimin Zhang, Tingting Li, Yonggui Robin Chi","doi":"10.1002/ps.71008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>1,2,4-Triazolium salts are a class of stable heterocyclic salts widely used as in situ carbene precursors in organic synthesis, and they have also been reported to exhibit favorable physicochemical properties and diverse biological activities. This study aims to elucidate the potential of 1,2,4-triazolium salts as antifungal and anti-oomycete agents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a series of 1,2,4-triazolium derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici. Compound 42 displayed the most potent in vitro activity against P. capsici, with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 5.38 μg mL^-1, and demonstrated good protective efficacy in vivo against P. capsici. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that treatment of P. capsici with compound 42 at 50 μg mL^-1 caused pronounced morphological abnormalities in the hyphae, characterized by severe collapse and shrinkage. Molecular docking studies revealed favorable binding interactions between compound 42 and uridine phosphorylase (UPase, PDB ID: 6KD3), providing possible mechanistic insights into its inhibitory activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results establish 1,2,4-triazolium compound 42 as a promising scaffold for the future development of anti-oomycete agents, offering a potential molecular basis for the design of novel crop protectants against P. capsici. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9740-9747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous detection of glyphosate and glufosinate target-site resistance in Eleusine indica via multiplex TaqMan qPCR.","authors":"Yin-Zhi Lv, Xiao-Yan Luo, Xin-Yi Li, Jun-Jie You, Xing-Shan Tian, Chun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous use of glyphosate followed by glufosinate-ammonium has selected for multiple resistance to both herbicides in Eleusine indica worldwide. Managing such resistant weeds requires fast, accurate molecular detection assay. To address this critical need, we developed a robust multiplex TaqMan quantitative (q)PCR assay that simultaneously detects five well-characterized target-site resistance markers in E. indica: EPSPS copy number variation; T102I in EPSPS; P106A and P106S in EPSPS; and S59G in GS1-1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multiplex qPCR assay showed analytical specificity when tested on genomic DNA from nine reference accessions: three susceptible, three glyphosate-resistant (with EPSPS CNV) and three multiple-resistant. Subsequent analysis of 56 field-collected samples demonstrated 98.2% concordance (55 of 56) with Sanger sequencing across all five resistance-associated markers: EPSPS CNV, T102I, P106A, P106S and GS1-1 S59G, confirming the reliability and practical value of the multiplex qPCR assay. Only samples 7-8 showed discordance at EPSPS position 102, where Sanger chromatograms showed overlapping peaks at this position, which is likely to be a result of heterozygous mutation distribution among amplified EPSPS gene copies. This case further underscores the advantages of the multiplex qPCR assay over Sanger sequencing in detection sensitivity and accuracy. Moreover, a strong correlation (R² = 0.8935) in gene copy number estimation between the two methods across all samples further supports the reliability of the qPCR assay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, this study delivers a simple, robust and high-throughput diagnostic tool for the rapid, simultaneous identification of dual herbicide target-site resistance in goosegrass, offering superior sensitivity, quantitative resolution and throughput compared with Sanger sequencing. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9810-9820"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defense of locust eggs against Metarhizium anisopliae invasion.","authors":"Yingying He, Yumiao Zhao, Kangli Hao, Jianzhen Zhang, Min Zhang, Siegfried Roth, Xueyao Zhang, Tingting Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insect egg stages represent an underexploited developmental phase in pest management. Locusta migratoria, a globally significant agricultural pest, lacks comprehensive defense studies during this vulnerable period, as existing strategies predominantly target later life stages. This study focused on locust eggs to assess the resistance of different protective structures to Metarhizium anisopliae infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that M. anisopliae infection significantly reduced immune gene expression in eggs while the fungus proliferated with egg development and ultimately caused egg death. The chorion showed no resistance to fungal invasion at the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) and weak resistance when the fungal concentration was reduced to 0.91 × 10⁷ conidia/mL. Inoculating different parts of locust eggs with M. anisopliae can all lead to the death of locust eggs. Subsequent infection with M. anisopliae after knockdown of LmCHS1, which inhibited serosal cuticle formation, resulted in a significant reduction in egg survival rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that M. anisopliae can invade various parts of locust eggs. While the chorion improves protection against low dose fungal infections, the serosal cuticle has a critical role in resisting the invasion of foreign substances. In addition, our results reveal the immunosuppressive effect of M. anisopliae on locust eggs. These results elucidate previously unrecognized egg defense mechanisms in locusts and reveal potential targets for novel management approaches during early development. Such findings stand to advance sustainable pest management by shifting intervention focus to the egg stage, boosting control efficacy and reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9703-9715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-wide identification of R2R3-MYB protein family and functional analysis of CpMYB44 in Cyclocarya paliurus during Colletotrichum fructicola infection.","authors":"Mao-Jiao Zhang, Xiang-Rong Zheng, Feng-Mao Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.70999","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.70999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wheel wingnut (Cyclocarya paliurus) is a multifunctional specie in China, and anthracnose induced by Colletotrichum fructicola is a disastrous disease that restricts the development of C. paliurus. R2R3-MYB proteins are involved in metabolism, developmental processes and the responses to diverse stresses. However, the functions of R2R3-MYB proteins in C. paliurus, particularly regarding anthracnose resistance remain poorly understood. The study aimed to identify R2R3-MYB family from the resistant cultivar, characterize the expression profiles under infection of C. fructicola and find potential genes for plant resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-five R2R3-MYB genes were identified from transcriptome data of C. paliurus infected by C. fructicola. These genes were categorized into 19 subgroups and a total of 5, 24 and 44 R2R3-MYB genes from C. paliurus shows homology to Zea mays, Nicotiana benthamiana and Juglans regia, respectively. Transient expression in C. paliurus leaves and stable transformation of N. benthamiana further confirmed that CpMYB44 enhances resistance against C. fructicola. Moreover, the expression level of CHI and flavonoid content were elevated in overexpression leaves and transgenic tobacco.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified and characterized R2R3-MYB family genes associated with responses to C. fructicola in the resistant C. paliurus. CpMYB44 shows potential for application in enhancing flavonoid accumulation and improving plant resistance to C. fructicola. These findings provide critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to anthracnose and offer promising targets for resistance breeding. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9628-9641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and pathogenicity of four fungi against egg development in migratory locust, Locusta migratoria.","authors":"Chanyi Cang, Shuang Shan, Liwei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, is one of the most notorious agricultural pests, but current control strategy via biological agents has focused on the nymphal and adult stages, limiting the establishment of a comprehensive management system covering the entire locust development stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we isolated four fungi with distinct culture characteristics from the unhatched locust eggs. Through morphological and molecular biological identification, these fungi were identified as Actinomucor elegans W-1, Mucor circinelloides G-1, Fusarium solani W-1, and Aspergillus fumigatus GG-1. Koch's postulates provided the sufficiency of their infection capacity against locust eggs. Infection assays indicated that all four fungi exhibited high pathogenicity toward early-stage locust eggs, suppressing egg development even at low concentrations (10³ spores mL^-1). M. circinelloides G-1 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect. Moreover, in comparison with the well-established locust biocontrol fungus Metarhizium acridum, these four fungi showed significantly weaker pathogenicity against nymphs, demonstrating egg-stage specificity. Furthermore, the four isolates showed production advantages over M. acridum. A. elegans W-1, and M. circinelloides G-1 exhibited optimal growth at 25 and 30 °C, and A. fumigatus GG-1 demonstrated a broader thermotolerance, high spore production, and good adaptability to different culture media, indicating the potential in industrial production.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The discovery of these four pathogenic fungi suppressing locust egg development provides supplements for life-stage management of locust plagues. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9944-9953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roflamycoin produced by Streptomyces alfalfae is involved in the antagonistic interaction with Fusarium pseudograminearum","authors":"Yingying Chen, Jing Chen, Ruimin Jia, Xiaomin Dong, Shang Cao, Yang Wang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71338","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND <jats:italic>Fusarium pseudograminearum</jats:italic> is a highly destructive fungal pathogen that threatens the production and quality of wheat and barley worldwide. Controlling this toxin‐producing pathogen is a particularly significant challenge. <jats:italic>Streptomyces spp.</jats:italic> produce diverse secondary metabolites with promising potential for plant disease management. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the antifungal activity of roflamycoin, a secondary metabolite produced by <jats:italic>Streptomyces alfalfae</jats:italic> XN‐04, against <jats:italic>F. pseudograminearum.</jats:italic> RESULTS Roflamycoin strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of <jats:italic>F. pseudograminearum</jats:italic> , with an EC <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> value of 2.49 μg/mL. Conidial germination and conidiation were completely inhibited at 1.0 and 2.0 μg/mL, respectively. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed marked morphological and ultrastructural damage to the cell walls and plasma membrane of <jats:italic>F. pseudograminearum</jats:italic> hyphae and conidia. Fluorescence microscopy combined with different dyes showed that roflamycoin induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and altered mitochondrial membrane potential. Additional analysis showed that roflamycoin destroyed the membrane of hyphae, resulting in exosmosis of cell contents and reduced ergosterol content. Plant infection assays further demonstrated that roflamycoin suppressed disease development on wheat coleoptiles, seedlings, and heads. CONCLUSION These findings provide mechanistic insights into the antifungal activity of roflamycoin and support its potential as a lead compound against <jats:italic>F. pseudograminearum</jats:italic> . © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149086191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean induced resistance to Spodoptera eridania herbivory.","authors":"Bruno Henrique Sardinha de Souza, Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior, Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos Santos, Moacir Rossi Forim, Antonio Pizolato Neto, Andreísa Fabri Lima, Michael Joseph Stout","doi":"10.1002/ps.71029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Constitutive resistance is expressed constantly during plant development, whereas induced resistance can be triggered after herbivory. Evaluating induced resistance in soybean varieties and its correlation with expression of defense compounds and plant growth can aid in genotype screening and the use of induced resistance in integrated pest management. This study used two soybean varieties previously selected based on differing constitutive antibiosis-resistance against Spodoptera eridania to test the hypotheses: prior herbivory by S. eridania induces higher resistance to conspecific larvae; resistance induction is associated with increased activities of defense proteins; induced resistance is related to increased flavonoid levels; and induced resistance trades off with plant growth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Effects of variety and injury were significant for leaf area consumed; injury affected larval survival; and variety × injury interacted for larval weight. The resistant variety showed constitutively higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and malondialdehyde levels. Herbivory decreased superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase activities in both varieties and increased Kunitz trypsin inhibitors in the resistant variety. Isoquercitrin and daidzin were exclusive to the resistant and susceptible soybeans, respectively. Herbivory did not change flavonoid concentrations. Plant growth was not affected by herbivory, and susceptible plants grew faster than resistant soybeans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evaluated enzymes and Kunitz trypsin inhibitors play a role in soybean constitutive resistance. Hydrogen peroxide is involved in injury signaling and malondialdehyde correlated with constitutive and induced resistance. Kunitz trypsin inhibitors increased after herbivory only in the resistant variety. Isoquercitrin is involved in constitutive resistance. There was no plant growth trade-off with induced resistance. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9931-9943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging floral resources and natural enemies in organic greenhouse tomatoes to manage the tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta.","authors":"Moazam Hyder, Farman Ullah, Tijjani Mustapha, Inzamam Ul Haq, Abdul Basit, Cai Xiang-Yun, Raul Narciso C Guedes, Kaleem Tariq, Youming Hou","doi":"10.1002/ps.71013","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing demand for sustainable agriculture has reinforced the central role of integrated pest management (IPM) in organic greenhouse production, particularly for high-value crops such as tomatoes, which remain highly susceptible to the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). In this study, we investigated the synergistic contributions of flower strips garden cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus; Asterales: Asteraceae) and big marigold (Tagetes erecta; Asterales: Asteraceae) together with key natural enemies, including the tomato mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae), the common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), toward suppressing T. absoluta under controlled greenhouse conditions. We evaluated the factorial combinations of two flower species (cosmos and marigold), two flower statuses (present or absent), and three natural enemy species (2 × 2 × 3 = 12 treatment combinations). At the start of the experiment, 10 tomato plants per plot were randomly selected and tagged. The same plants were assessed weekly for damage, natural enemy abundance, and fecundity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T. absoluta damage was significantly reduced by use of the flower strips, the garden cosmos being the most effective by 10-15% in reducing the damage due to its extended and more consistent bloom time, which improved natural enemy retention and performance. Damage was higher in all the non-floral controls. The natural enemy population density (per plant) and fecundity also showed significant increases in floral treatments, and cosmos and N. tenuis provided the highest suppression. Parasitism by T. chilonis was also higher in the flowers and positively correlated with the flower intensity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicate that habitat manipulation can be used as a powerful tool to help strengthen biological control in organic greenhouse systems, minimizing the use of chemical inputs. Our results provide actionable knowledge to improve the use of IPM in greenhouse tomato production due to the critical knowledge gaps between functional interactions of floral resources and natural enemies. Future work should include multi-year trials that will help better understand mechanisms and enable more widespread adoption of these practices. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9787-9799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148275316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, characterization and virulence of Beauveria bassiana strain SPT35 against the wood-boring beetle, Aromia bungii.","authors":"Jiaxu Cheng, Aihong Ma, Hongfan Ran, Shuo Feng, Weiping Cao, Jian Song","doi":"10.1002/ps.71007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a major wood-boring pest of rosaceous fruit trees, whose distribution and impact have expanded considerably in recent years. Conventional chemical control methods often cause environmental pollution, harm natural enemies and compromise fruit safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, an entomopathogenic fungal strain was isolated and purified from a mummified larva of A. bungii. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular identification, the fungus was identified as Beauveria bassiana and designated as SPT35. The SPT35 strain showed a daily radial growth rate of 3.95 mm/day on SDAY medium at 30 °C. By the tenth day of cultivation, the sporulation yield per unit area and total sporulation yield reached 5.15 × 10⁸ spores/cm² and 6.31 × 10⁹ spores/Petri dish respectively. The virulence of SPT35 against both larvae and adults of A. bungii increased with conidia suspension concentration. At 1 × 10⁷ spores/mL, the cumulative corrected mortality rates for first- to third-instar larvae after 10 days reached 95.83%, 100% and 95.24%, respectively, with lethal concentration (LC₅₀) values of 7.19 × 10², 1.51 × 10⁴ and 1.35 × 10⁵ spores/mL. For adults, the cumulative corrected mortality exceeded 50% after 8 days across the tested concentrations, with an LC₅₀ ranging from 2.45 × 10⁷ to 3.84 × 10⁷ spores/mL. In field trials, trunk injection treatment with the SPT35 strain at a concentration of 1 × 10⁸ spores/mL achieved a control efficacy of 88.93% after 7 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SPT35 strain can serve as an effective microbial agent for controlling A. bungii and holds potential for development into a biocontrol product for practical application. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9729-9739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field performance of MON 94637 and laboratory evidence supporting a Bt pyramiding strategy against key lepidopteran pests in Brazil.","authors":"Leonardo L Miraldo, Joacir do Nascimento, Thais Lb Dos Santos, Hallison V Vertuan, Luciana V Machado, Augusto C Crivellari, Márcia Oma José, Jessica Fernandez, Erick Mg Cordeiro, Paula M Antunes, Samuel Martinelli, Graham P Head, Katherine Caldwell, Uma Kesanapalli, Ester Buiate, Patrick M Dourado, Ramiro Fl Ovejero, Geraldo U Berger, Renato J Horikoshi","doi":"10.1002/ps.71024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ps.71024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyramided Bt genes in crops have been widely adopted to delay insect resistance evolution worldwide. The genetically modified (GM) soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merril) MON 94637, expressing the Bt proteins Cry1A.2 and Cry1B.2, was designed to improve the level of protection against defoliating caterpillars (Lepidoptera). In this study, we performed laboratory and field studies to assess the efficacy of the Cry1A.2 and Cry1B.2 proteins in MON 94637 expressed together and in a five-Bt protein pyramid in soybean against the main lepidopteran pests attacking this crop.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soybean leaf tissue expressing a combination of Cry1A.2, Cry1B.2 (MON 94637) or, Cry1A.2, Cry1B.2, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2, and Cry1Ac (MON 94637 × MON 87751 × MON 87701 × MON 94313 × MON 89788) caused 100% mortality of neonates of Chrysodeixis includens, Anticarsia gemmatalis, and Spodoptera eridania across a range of plant growth stages. This Bt soybean also showed high efficacy in bioassays against Cry1Ac-resistant colonies of Rachiplusia nu and Crocidosema sp. In field tests, MON 96437 soybean (Cry1A.2 and Cry1B.2) was highly effective against lepidopteran pest species as assessed by reductions in defoliation rate and pest incidence in comparison to non-Bt across several locations in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Leaf bioassays showed that GM soybean expressing Cry1A.2, Cry1B.2, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2, and Cry1Ac will be highly effective against key lepidopteran pests in soybean in Brazil. This is the first pyramid of five-Bt protein biotechnology soybean, representing a unique innovation for tropical agriculture. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":"9899-9907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}