Pest Management Science最新文献

{"title":"An ovary-enriched lipase gene, LOC118266188, is required for embryonic development and female fertility in Spodoptera frugiperda.","authors":"Yalan Cheng, Siyu Tian, Yanghui Cao, Xien Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.71379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The regulatory functions of ovary-enriched genes in female reproduction are well characterized in model insects, but remain largely unexplored in agricultural pests such as the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. This study aimed to identify ovary-enriched genes in FAW and characterize their roles in female reproduction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transcriptomic analysis identified more than 3000 genes upregulated in adult ovaries. Among these, a lipase-encoding gene, LOC118266188, exhibited the highest ovarian expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that LOC118266188 transcript levels surged before eclosion and remained elevated in adults. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a homozygous LOC118266188 knockout line. Mutant females produced normal egg numbers with no obvious ovarian defects, but the egg hatching rate (32.70%) was dramatically reduced compared with wild-type (87.05%). Time-course observation revealed that mutant embryos were arrested between 24 and 36 h post-oviposition. Transcriptomic analysis showed that downregulated genes in mutant ovaries were enriched in lipid metabolism pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that LOC118266188 is essential for female fertility in FAW, likely through its association with lipid metabolism. This study provides new molecular insights into insect reproduction and identifies LOC118266188 as a potential target for genetic pest control. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance monitoring, sublethal and transgenerational effects of different acaricides on the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch).","authors":"Deng Pan, Yixuan Li, Guorui Yuan, Jinjun Wang, Haiqiang Li, Wei Dou","doi":"10.1002/ps.71382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Panonychus ulmi (Koch) is an important phytophagous mite pest in apple orchards, and acaricide resistance increasingly compromises its control. Sublethal acaricide exposure may further affect reproduction and population dynamics. This study surveyed resistance to six acaricides in 15 field populations from Xinjiang, China, during 2024-2025 and assessed the LC₂₀-induced sublethal and transgenerational effects of pyridaben, bifenazate and bifenthrin in susceptible and resistant populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resistance monitoring showed clear regional differences in susceptibility to the six acaricides. The WS_TF population showed high resistance to bifenthrin (47.19-fold), while AKS_YGQ_YK and WS_TF exhibited low-to-moderate resistance to bifenazate (35.98- and 23.19-fold), pyridaben (28.01- and 3.33-fold) and cyflumetofen (13.29- and 26.25-fold), respectively. Most populations remained susceptible to abamectin and cyetpyrafen. Exposure to LC₂₀ of pyridaben, bifenazate and bifenthrin reduced fecundity in parental generation of the susceptible population (Lab_SS), whereas only pyridaben reduced fecundity in WS_TF. Life-table analysis revealed resistance-dependent transgenerational responses. In Lab_SS, LC₂₀ exposure generally suppressed reproduction and population growth in the F1 and F2 generations, whereas hormesis occurred in WS_TF, particularly following bifenthrin exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resistance monitoring showed clear regional variation in acaricide susceptibility among P. ulmi populations. Sublethal and transgenerational effects depended on both acaricide and resistance background. Integrating resistance status with these population-level effects may improve acaricide selection and rotation and reduce the risk of pest resurgence. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrrolidinium ionic liquid and Polysorbate 20 based nanoemulsions of lambda‐cyhalothrin: formulation, physicochemical characterization and enhanced surface wettability","authors":"Aashima Anand, Juhi Saraswat, Aheli Bhattacharya, Amit Kumar, Rajan Patel","doi":"10.1002/ps.71238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71238","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Hydrophobic pesticides often exhibit poor aqueous dispersibility and limited wettability, which can adversely affect their application efficiency. To address these limitations, ionic liquid (IL)‐based nanoemulsions (NEs) incorporating the hydrophobic insecticide lambda‐cyhalothrin (LCT) were developed using Polysorbate 20 and two pyrrolidinium ILs, 1‐octyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bromide () and 1‐dodecyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bromide (), in an aqueous medium. RESULTS Stable LCT‐loaded NEs with nanosized droplets were successfully prepared via ultrasonication. The concentration for the ILs required for the NE formation was found to be 2.39 m <jats:sc>m</jats:sc> for and 0.70 m <jats:sc>m</jats:sc> for . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging confirmed the formation of the NEs, revealing uniformly dispersed, nanosized droplets without noticeable coalescence following pesticide loading. The alkyl chain length of the IL strongly influenced the physicochemical properties of the formulations, with the based NE showing greater LCT incorporation than the system. Spectroscopic analysis further supported the interaction between the IL, LCT, and the surfactant within the NE matrix. Contact angle measurements on chili and lemon leaves showed markedly lower values for LCT‐loaded NEs compared to LCT alone, indicating improved surface wetting. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations corroborated these findings, predicting stronger intermolecular interactions and greater stability for the –LCT system. CONCLUSION The developed pyrrolidinium IL‐based NEs provide a stable and effective formulation for incorporating LCT while improving its wetting behavior. The experimental findings, supported by theoretical calculations, demonstrate that IL alkyl chain length plays a key role in governing NE stability and pesticide incorporation, highlighting the potential of these systems as carriers for hydrophobic pesticides. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChCcp1 and ChCyc1 function as a coordinated redox couple to regulate asexual sporulation, pathogenicity, and oxidative/osmotic stress adaptation in Cochliobolus heterostrophus ","authors":"Wanze Li, Qinyu Huang, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1002/ps.71327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71327","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Cytochrome c peroxidase (Ccp) is a critical enzymatic component in the fungal oxidative stress response and cellular redox homeostasis. However, the biological roles and regulatory mechanism of Ccp in <jats:italic>Cochliobolus heterostrophus</jats:italic> —a major necrotrophic pathogen responsible for Southern corn leaf blight—remain poorly characterized. RESULTS In this study, we identified and functionally characterized <jats:italic>ChCCP1</jats:italic> , the gene encoding Ccp in <jats:italic>C. heterostrophus</jats:italic> . Targeted gene deletion revealed that Δ <jats:italic>Chccp1</jats:italic> mutant exhibited significantly reduced conidiation and attenuated virulence on maize leaves, alongside heightened sensitivity to both oxidative and osmotic stress. Protein–protein interaction analyses—including yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) assay and GST pull‐down assays—demonstrated a direct physical interaction between ChCcp1 and ChCyc1, a thioredoxin‐like protein harboring a conserved peroxiredoxin domain. Subsequent phenotypic and molecular characterization of ΔChcyc1 mutants confirmed that <jats:italic>ChCYC1</jats:italic> is similarly essential for conidiation, full virulence, and stress tolerance. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that deletion of either <jats:italic>ChCCP1</jats:italic> or <jats:italic>ChCYC1</jats:italic> lead to significant downregulation of multiple oxidative stress‐responsive genes. Notably, both mutant strains displayed enhanced susceptibility to multiple classes of commercial fungicides. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings establish a functional ChCcp1‐ChCyc1 protein complex that coordinately regulates developmental processes (conidiation), pathogenicity, abiotic stress adaption, and fungicide resistance in <jats:italic>C. heterostrophus</jats:italic> . This work advances our mechanism understanding of fungal pathogenesis and identifies a promising dual‐target module for developing novel disease management strategies. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic suppression and oxidative responses of Tribolium beetles to cold‐plasma and microwave treatment in wheat flour: efficacy‐quality trade‐offs","authors":"Mouna Ghorbel, Wael Elmenofy, Mohamed Mohamed El‐Mogy, Sherif M. El‐Ganainy, Amged El‐Harairy, Ahmed S Hashem","doi":"10.1002/ps.71373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71373","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Non‐chemical physical treatments may complement stored‐product pest management, but acute mortality alone may underestimate their value when surviving adults reproduce poorly and post‐treatment population recovery is suppressed. This study compared atmospheric cold‐plasma (CP; 10–20 kV) and microwave (MW; 300–900 W) exposure against sex‐balanced adult cohorts of <jats:italic>Tribolium castaneum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Tribolium confusum</jats:italic> in wheat flour. RESULTS Mortality increased with intensity and exposure duration. At 20 min, Abbott‐corrected mortality reached 59.07% and 53.65% under CP‐20 kV and 59.59% and 59.38% under MW‐900 W in <jats:italic>T. castaneum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. confusum</jats:italic> , respectively. Despite incomplete acute mortality, F <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> emergence declined from 199.4 and 163.8 adults in untreated controls to 15.0 and 20.4 after CP and to 5.0 and 1.4 after MW. Both technologies delayed adult pre‐oviposition, shortened oviposition and longevity, reduced flour loss, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione <jats:italic>S</jats:italic> ‐transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in survivors. In independent flour‐only assays at 20 min, MW‐900 W caused the largest quality changes, increasing peroxide value and free fatty acids while reducing extractable oil and gelatinization enthalpy. Species‐specific exploratory principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) of control and 20‐min profiles identified dominant treatment gradients. Principal component one (PC1) explained 90.55% and 89.84% of variance, and mean repeated five‐fold cross‐validation accuracy was 85.5% and 85.9%. CONCLUSION CP and MW substantially suppressed post‐treatment population recovery beyond 24‐h mortality. MW gave stronger combined suppression but larger flour‐quality changes, whereas CP caused smaller measured quality shifts under the tested laboratory conditions. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":" SfHsp20.2 is required for male fertility by controlling eupyrene sperm bundle morphogenesis and sperm migration in the fall armyworm","authors":"Pei Wang, Yuanyuan Chen, Yuxuan Bai, Yanghui Cao, Xien Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.71393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71393","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND The fall armyworm, <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda</jats:italic> , is a destructive pest threatening global food security. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a promising eco‐friendly control strategy, which relies on exploring genes regulating male fertility. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) act as molecular chaperones and participate in insect reproduction, yet their roles in lepidopteran dimorphic spermatogenesis remain poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we functionally characterized a testis‐enriched sHSP gene, <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2</jats:italic> , in <jats:italic>S. frugiperda</jats:italic> . Using CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knockout, we found that loss of <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2</jats:italic> caused severe morphological defects in eupyrene sperm bundles and reduced the abundance of apyrene sperm bundles. Mutant sperm could be transferred normally to the female bursa copulatrix but failed to migrate to the spermatheca, eventually leading to male‐specific near‐sterility. Transcriptome analysis revealed that <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2</jats:italic> mutation disturbed energy metabolism and stress response pathways in testes. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2</jats:italic> is essential for dimorphic sperm development and sperm migration. This gene represents a potential candidate target for SIT‐based management of <jats:italic>S. frugiperda</jats:italic> . © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the facilitation effects of putrescine in mediating the multi‐pathway metabolism of bentazone to mitigate environmental risks to rice production","authors":"Zhi Zhong Zhou, Li Qing Zeng, Ying Yu Zeng, Xiao Lu Wang, Kaikai Mao, Nian Hua Teng, Yan Hui Cao, Xiao Liang Liu, Xuesheng Li, Zhao Jie Chen","doi":"10.1002/ps.71385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71385","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Putrescine (PUT), the original by‐product of polyamine biosynthesis, plays multiple roles in plant growth and defense against osmotic and environmental stresses. It may also aid in decreasing herbicide phytotoxicity, but this remains unconfirmed. RESULTS Compared with rice treated with 2.3 mg L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> bentazone (BNTZ) alone, co‐application of 150 mg L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> PUT restored rice morphological performance, increasing shoot and root elongation by 7.1% and 8.3%, and elevating shoot and root dry weight by 19.4% and 22.2%, respectively. Transcriptome enrichment analysis revealed a large set of significantly up‐regulated expression genes encoding herbicide detoxification enzymes, such as cytochrome P450s, acetyltransferases, methyltransferases and glycosyltransferases under BNTZ stress and these transcriptional activations were further strengthened by exogenous PUT supplementation. Relative to treatment with 1.8 mg L <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> BNTZ, exogenous PUT administration reduced BNTZ accumulation by 14.21% in roots and 23.37% in shoots. The production of key enzymes engaging in BNTZ decay was attributable to some genes showing variable expression, like acetyltransferases, cytochrome P450, glycosyltransferases, and methyltransferases. By means of liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC–Q‐TOF‐HRMS/MS), nine Phase‐I transformed metabolites and 23 Phase‐II conjugates were recognized within metabolic pathways, including acetylation, hydrolysis, dealkylation, glycosylation, malonylation, and methylation suggesting the involvement of multiple pathways in BNTZ‐degradative metabolism. CONCLUSION This study proved that exogenous PUT application could enhance rice tolerance to BNTZ by activating the antioxidant systems and up‐regulating Phases I, II and III detoxification enzyme genes, which reduces phytotoxicity and BNTZ bioaccumulation in rice. These findings highlight the role of PUT in facilitating BNTZ degradation and reducing its accumulation in rice and paddy fields. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance characterization and potential resistance mechanism of cyromazine, a moulting disruptor, to Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Fan Zhang, Yu‐Qiu Xie, Yan‐Chao Zhang, Cong‐Fen Gao","doi":"10.1002/ps.71388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71388","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Moulting is a crucial process in the growth and development of insects and is also a key focus in the development of insecticides. Cyromazine, a moulting disruptor, is widely used to control dipteran pests, yet its mechanism of action and the genetic basis of resistance remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically investigate the inheritance pattern, potential resistance mechanisms, and associated fitness costs by developing a cyromazine‐resistant <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic> strain through continuous laboratory selection. RESULTS After long‐term directional selection, we successfully established the cyromazine‐resistance (Cyr‐R) strain with a resistance ratio of 50.19‐fold. Genetic analysis revealed that the resistance trait is autosomal, incompletely dominance and polygenic. The Cyr‐R strain exhibited only a 4.64‐fold low level cross‐resistance to chlorfluazuron, with no cross‐resistance to other tested insect growth regulators. Notably, the Cyr‐R strain exhibited substantial fitness costs: the fecundity and egg hatch rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate had significantly reduced. RNA‐sequencing and enzyme activity assays combined with synergism bioassays demonstrated that the cytochrome P450 enzymes play crucial roles in resistance to cyromazine. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and molecular docking suggested the possibility that the binding affinities between cyromazine and four cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) proteins. CONCLUSION Our study has provided comprehensive characterizations of cyromazine resistance in <jats:italic>D. melanogaster</jats:italic> , highlighting its slow resistance development, limited cross‐resistance, and fitness costs. These findings offer valuable insights for resistance management strategies and further mechanistic studies. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insecticide oral‐dosing method for the German cockroach (Blattodea: Ectobiidae)","authors":"Shao‐Hung Dennis Lee, Hana Mancia, Raj Kumar Saran, Chow‐Yang Lee","doi":"10.1002/ps.71389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71389","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Insecticide baits are commonly used to control the German cockroach [ <jats:italic>Blattella germanica</jats:italic> (L.)]. Because bait performance is dependent on foraging and feeding behavior, forced external exposures with bait active ingredients are often used to estimate physiological susceptibility without behavioral confounders. However, relying on external contact methods may not be appropriate for baits because of their oral route of entry. To increase the utilization of oral exposures for German cockroaches, we describe a novel method of conducting precise oral dosing of insecticides in an accessible and practical manner. RESULTS Peanut butter was used as the delivery medium in quantities of 1.5 mg per adult male. Oral lethal doses of fipronil, indoxacarb, and dinotefuran were determined for the laboratory susceptible UCR and field‐collected Dav strains, resulting in resistance ratios (RR <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> ) of 14.4 (fipronil), 7.3 (indoxacarb), and 3.5 (dinotefuran) for the Dav strain. Bait bioassays using commercial fipronil, indoxacarb, and dinotefuran baits were performed to validate the method and compare with the lethal doses. CONCLUSION The oral‐dosing method was compatible with both laboratory and field‐collected strains, providing an accessible way to enhance the accuracy of German cockroach bait toxicity studies in the future. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, anti‐ Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae activity and antibacterial mechanism of indole‐3‐substituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative","authors":"Mengzhi Yang, Xiaohua Wang, Yue Zhou, Chengpeng Li, Zhurui Li, Danping Chen, Bingqian Liu, Chenchen Li, Zhenchao Wang","doi":"10.1002/ps.71348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.71348","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by <jats:italic>Xanthomonas oryzae</jats:italic> pv. <jats:italic>oryzae</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>Xoo</jats:italic> ) seriously endangers global rice production. It is urgent to explore efficient and low‐toxic antibacterial candidates for sustainable bacterial blight management. RESULTS Herein, 25 indole‐3‐substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives were rationally synthesized. T2 and T8 showed prominent anti‐ <jats:italic>Xoo</jats:italic> activity [median effective concentration (EC <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> ) = 2.63 and 1.81 μg mL <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ], 19–32‐fold more potent than thiodiazole copper, with (respectively) 72.35% and 75.68% therapeutic, and 72.64% and 72.33% protective efficacy on rice. Mechanistic studies demonstrated concurrent suppression of EPS/biofilm formation, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS‐mediated apoptosis in <jats:italic>Xoo</jats:italic> , and downregulation of virulence and accC‐associated genes – validated by RNA‐seq. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed stable polar anchoring of T8 to accC <jats:italic>‐</jats:italic> Arg381 <jats:italic>versus</jats:italic> electrostatic repulsion experienced by T2 at accC‐Lys250/Arg23. Biosafety tests on HEK293T cells and silkworms verified their low toxicity. CONCLUSION T2 and T8 were identified as high‐efficiency and biosafe anti‐ <jats:italic>Xoo</jats:italic> lead compounds. This study provides valuable candidate molecules and a theoretical basis for the development of novel green bactericides against rice bacterial blight. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":"464 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}