Small Structures最新文献_第3页

Niobium Oxide for Microplastics Degradation—the Effect of Crystal Structure and Morphology 氧化铌用于微塑料降解——晶体结构和形貌的影响

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202500124

Atta Ur Rehman, Kun Han, Muhammad Umair Ali, Yanling He, Aleksandr A. Sergeev, Zhengtian Yuan, Chunyang Dong, Xin Gao, Christelle Not, Alan Man Ching Ng, Kam Sing Wong, Zhengxiao Guo, Ivor Lončarić, Jasminka Popović, Aleksandra B. Djurišić

{"title":"Niobium Oxide for Microplastics Degradation—the Effect of Crystal Structure and Morphology","authors":"Atta Ur Rehman, Kun Han, Muhammad Umair Ali, Yanling He, Aleksandr A. Sergeev, Zhengtian Yuan, Chunyang Dong, Xin Gao, Christelle Not, Alan Man Ching Ng, Kam Sing Wong, Zhengxiao Guo, Ivor Lončarić, Jasminka Popović, Aleksandra B. Djurišić","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202500124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202500124","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastic (MP) pollution is ubiquitous in the environment and there is a significant need for the development of photocatalysts for environmental remediation of microplastic pollution. Herein, the effect of the structure and morphology of Nb 2 O 5 nanostructures on their photocatalytic activity for MP degradation is investigated. Nanostructures with a high fraction of pseudohexagonal TT‐Nb 2 O 5 phase are shown to effectively degrade pure polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester, as well as MP samples collected from the environment. Efficient photocatalytic degradation of the microplastics is attributed to the unique structure and morphology (TT‐Nb 2 O 5 nanoparticles on monoclinic Nb 2 O 5 rods), which facilitates charge separation and consequently photocatalytic activity. The Nb 2 O 5 nanostructures with optimal composition and morphology lead to efficient degradation of not only pure plastic particles with different compositions (polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester) in up to 64 h, but also complete degradation of environmental microplastics in 56 h.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Regulating Topographical Deformation Response of Liquid Crystal Coatings by Electrical Quenching of Liquid Crystal Order Fluctuation 液晶序涨落电淬火调控液晶涂层形貌变形响应

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202500051

Wei Feng

{"title":"Regulating Topographical Deformation Response of Liquid Crystal Coatings by Electrical Quenching of Liquid Crystal Order Fluctuation","authors":"Wei Feng","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202500051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202500051","url":null,"abstract":"Alignment of liquid crystals (LCs) is critical for actuation of LC polymer‐based devices. A common strategy to induce surface deformation in LC polymer coatings involves engineering the polymers into multidomain configurations. The application of an electric field serves as an efficient means to achieve this goal. While LCs are partially ordered fluids characterized by intrinsic dynamic disorder and order fluctuations, these fluctuations can be suppressed by electric fields, a phenomenon known as electrical quenching. However, the impact of quenching LC order fluctuations on the molecular actuation behavior of LC polymers remains insufficiently understood. Herein, the translation of the electric quenching effect on LC order from the molecular scale to the macroscopic level, with a focus on regulating the topographical deformation of polymerized LC polymer coatings, is demonstrated. The findings reveal that the suppression of monomeric LC order fluctuations through electric quenching significantly reduces the topographical deformation of the polymerized network. This advancement offers new opportunities for fabricating tunable surfaces with complex patterns, broadening the potential applications of LC‐based dynamic surfaces.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202500051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147919852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomass Nanofiber‐Assembled Superhydrophobic Aerogels with Simultaneously Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Shape Recovery 生物质纳米纤维-组装超疏水气凝胶，同时增强机械强度和形状恢复

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202500009

Xinyu Dong, Quyang Liu, Hao Zhuo, Yuan Cao, Yijing Zhao, Hongzhi Zheng, Linxin Zhong, Wei Zhai

{"title":"Biomass Nanofiber‐Assembled Superhydrophobic Aerogels with Simultaneously Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Shape Recovery","authors":"Xinyu Dong, Quyang Liu, Hao Zhuo, Yuan Cao, Yijing Zhao, Hongzhi Zheng, Linxin Zhong, Wei Zhai","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202500009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202500009","url":null,"abstract":"Oil spills and water pollution present significant environmental challenges, calling for the development of sustainable and efficient material solutions. In this study, aerogels are prepared from chitosan and sodium alginate, two renewable natural polysaccharides, through ultrasonication‐assisted nanofiber assembly combined with freeze casting. This approach leverages the inherent electrostatic interactions between two polysaccharides to assemble nanofibers, which are then aggregated into an anisotropic honeycomb‐like cellular microstructure during freeze casting. The addition of methyltrimethoxysilane further consolidates the nanofiber network, resulting in CSNF‐Si aerogels with a superlow density of 0.0198 g cm −3 , yet high mechanical strength (105.7 kPa at 80% strain) and shape recovery (95% after 80% deformation). In addition, the aerogels exhibit superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 151° and a rolling angle of 4.3°, enabling effective oil absorption with capacities reaching up to 90 times their own weight. They also demonstrate excellent reusability over multiple oil absorption‐release cycles, thanks to their enhanced shape recovery ability. Furthermore, this study presents a hierarchical fabrication strategy that synergistically integrates molecular, nano‐, and microscale designs to reinforce and functionalize aerogels for sustainable engineering solutions.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202500009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Laser‐Induced in situ Synthesis and Assembly of Nano‐Cotton TiO₂ Humidity Sensors with High Sensitivity and Fast Response for Real‐Time Respiratory Monitoring 激光诱导原位合成和组装用于实时呼吸监测的高灵敏度和快速响应的纳米棉TiO2湿度传感器

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400593

Zhichao Yu, Juqing Li, Qiurui Zhang, Pei Xiang, Jincheng Lei

{"title":"Laser‐Induced in situ Synthesis and Assembly of Nano‐Cotton TiO<sub>2</sub> Humidity Sensors with High Sensitivity and Fast Response for Real‐Time Respiratory Monitoring","authors":"Zhichao Yu, Juqing Li, Qiurui Zhang, Pei Xiang, Jincheng Lei","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400593","url":null,"abstract":"Humidity sensors functioned by 1D nanostructural metal oxides (1D NMOs) are promising for real‐time respiratory monitoring. However, the preparation and assembly of 1D NMOs on sensor structures are quite challenging due to the complicated synthesis procedures and vulnerability of nanomaterials. Herein, a multi‐laser processing technology is developed to fabricate nano‐cotton TiO 2 humidity sensors for respiratory monitoring. The nano‐cotton TiO 2 is in situ synthesized and assembled to the interdigitate electrodes of the sensor structure using the transmitted picosecond laser deposition. The as‐deposited TiO 2 layers are in situ post‐annealed by a CO 2 laser to optimize the crystallinity and phase compositions for humidity sensing. By investigating the evolution mechanism of the nanostructures of the laser‐induced plasma plumes during sputtering, it is demonstrated that the nanostructures of the laser‐deposited TiO 2 layers can be flexibly controlled by varying the target‐to‐substrate distance. The crystallinity, phase composition, surface roughness, and layer thickness of the nano‐cotton TiO 2 are estimated to evaluate the developed technology. The fabricated sensors exhibit high sensitivity and rapid response to the variation of relative humidity under both steady and transient states. To demonstrate for real‐time respiratory monitoring, the fabricated sensor is integrated into a commercial mask to monitor human's breathing under different respiratory modes.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Top‐Level Electromagnetic Design of Multishell Resonant Cavity for Microspherical Microwave Structural Absorbers 微球形微波结构吸收器多壳谐振腔的顶层电磁设计

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400666

Tian Li, Jiatong Li, Dandan Zhi, Jinzhe Li, Wen‐Ting Deng, R J Zhang, Renchi Qin, Qing Qi, Chul B. Park, Li Ma, Fanbin Meng

{"title":"Top‐Level Electromagnetic Design of Multishell Resonant Cavity for Microspherical Microwave Structural Absorbers","authors":"Tian Li, Jiatong Li, Dandan Zhi, Jinzhe Li, Wen‐Ting Deng, R J Zhang, Renchi Qin, Qing Qi, Chul B. Park, Li Ma, Fanbin Meng","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400666","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the increasing need for high‐performance microwave absorption materials (MAMs), this study introduces a multiaxis electrospinning method for synthesizing graphene‐based aerogel microspheres (GAMs) aimed at broadband microwave absorption (MA). The micro/nanostructures and shell configurations of GAMs are effectively regulated and controlled to establish a predictable structure‐properties relationship via establishing equivalent electromagnetic (EM) models. The computational simulations results of the structure–property relationship are employed as guidance to evaluate the effects of structural features, like hollow structures and multilayered shells. The analysis reveals that enhancing the hollow cavity optimizes impedance matching and promotes MA performance. Utilizing these insights, the fabricated hollow GAMs (HGAMs) achieve an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 8.1 GHz and an optimal reflection loss of −34.8 dB at 3.3 mm thickness. Further simulations involving various hierarchical structures of GAMs arranged into mono/bilayer arrays investigate the group coupling effects on MA performance through the synergistically absorptive, interferential, and resonant attenuation mechanisms. Actual MA performance examination using an arch method on HGAM bilayer arrays confirms the simulations, achieving an EAB of 15 GHz at a thickness of 7 mm. Consequently, this approach demonstrates a promising avenue for developing lightweight, nanostructured MAMs suitable for advanced applications.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147895896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Strong Tough Hydrogel with Regional Programmable Mechanical Properties via Universal Physical Directional Anneal‐Casting Strategy for Bioengineering 通过生物工程通用物理定向退火-铸造策略，具有区域可编程机械性能的强韧性水凝胶

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400582

He Zhu, Ziyi Dai, Yican Yang, Xiaoli Fan, Cheng Wang, Yang Zhang, Rong Cai, Kai Qian

{"title":"Strong Tough Hydrogel with Regional Programmable Mechanical Properties via Universal Physical Directional Anneal‐Casting Strategy for Bioengineering","authors":"He Zhu, Ziyi Dai, Yican Yang, Xiaoli Fan, Cheng Wang, Yang Zhang, Rong Cai, Kai Qian","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400582","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering tissue‐like hydrogels with tailored mechanical properties and matching water contents is essential for biomimetic organ platforms in both ex vivo and in vivo biomedical applications. Achieving this goal is particularly challenging due to the need for a green, straightforward, and universally applicable approach to mimic various tissues with specific hydrogels. Herein, a universal physical one‐step directional anneal‐casting strategy for anisotropic water evaporation is presented to produce hierarchical anisotropic poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel with tunable Young's modulus (≈0.13–77.2 MPa) in a wide range. As a typical example, the ultimate stress, toughness, fracture energy, and fatigue threshold of strong tough poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels can be up to 31.8 MPa, 45.7 MJ m −3 , 568.6 kJ m −2 , and 407.8 J m −2 at ≈208% strain with controllable water content (≈20–80%) without compromising their toughness. Integral to our approach is the capability for localized control of mechanical properties within the same hydrogel unit, allowing for distinct functional characteristics in different regions of the hydrogel. Furthermore, the versatility of our strategy extends to various other hydrogel systems, such as polyacrylamide and alginate, broadening its applicability in the fields of bioelectronics and biomedical engineering, including the development of physiological signal acquisition devices and artificial implantable electronic ligaments.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147901262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Frog‐Derived Neuroregenerative‐Peptide‐Reinforced Bioactive Hydrogels with Injectability, Thermosensitivity, and Enhanced Neurotrophic Function for Repairing Central Nervous Injuries 青蛙衍生的神经再生肽增强生物活性水凝胶具有可注射性、热敏性和增强的神经营养功能，用于修复中枢神经损伤

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400572

Zhengang Sun, Zhenjuan Sun, Chenxi Du, Hongyu Chen, Xingchao Zhang, Yuanyuan Liu, Fang Dong, Xuexiao Ma, Gang Wei, Hai‐Yuan Yue

{"title":"Frog‐Derived Neuroregenerative‐Peptide‐Reinforced Bioactive Hydrogels with Injectability, Thermosensitivity, and Enhanced Neurotrophic Function for Repairing Central Nervous Injuries","authors":"Zhengang Sun, Zhenjuan Sun, Chenxi Du, Hongyu Chen, Xingchao Zhang, Yuanyuan Liu, Fang Dong, Xuexiao Ma, Gang Wei, Hai‐Yuan Yue","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400572","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical treatment of central nervous system (CNS) injuries presents significant challenges due to the inflammatory microenvironment (IME) induced by CNS injury, which inhibits spontaneous neuronal regeneration. Biomimetic biomaterial‐based IMEs for CNS repair, which facilitate the reconstruction of neural regeneration circuits, show promise. In this study, the development of novel bioactive peptide nanofibers (PNFs)/chitosan (CS)/VD11 (VDELWPPWLPC) hydrogels (named as PCV) is reported, created by reinforcing composite PNFs/CS with a frog‐derived neuroregenerative peptide (VD11). The created hydrogels exhibit a 3D porous structure, high thermosensitivity, good injectability, and enhanced neurotrophic properties, making them promising candidates for CNS repair. The in vitro tests indicate that PCV hydrogels can promote the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells into neurons, as well as guide axonal growth. Additionally, they help mitigate inflammatory responses by reducing macrophage activation and astrocyte proliferation, while promoting neovascularization. The in vivo animal experimentsdemonstrate that PCV hydrogels enhance blood supply to the damaged area and promote the migration and colonization of endogenous neural stem cells to support axonal growth. Furthermore, PCV hydrogels reduce immune responses and limit excessive astrocyte proliferation, significantly improving motor function recovery in rats with spinal cord injuries. In these findings, it is suggested that these hydrogels can provide a promising strategy for treating CNS injuries by regulating IME.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bioinspired Composite Hydrogels with Osteogenic, Angiogenic, and Antioxidant Properties for Enhanced Bone Repair 具有成骨、血管生成和抗氧化特性的生物激发复合水凝胶，用于增强骨修复

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400462

Guanghui Gu, Youyin Xu, Peng He, Chenxu Li, Shuqin Chen, Gang Wei, Yongming Xi

{"title":"Bioinspired Composite Hydrogels with Osteogenic, Angiogenic, and Antioxidant Properties for Enhanced Bone Repair","authors":"Guanghui Gu, Youyin Xu, Peng He, Chenxu Li, Shuqin Chen, Gang Wei, Yongming Xi","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400462","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand of advanced biomedical materials for bone repair and regeneration has spurred significant research in recent years. While traditional hydrogels offer promising biocompatibility and easy fabrication, their application in bone reconstruction is often impeded by inadequate structural integrity and biological functions. Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a transformative additive, renowned for its exceptional mechanical and chemical properties, as well as its ability to enhance the structural integrity of hydrogels. In this study, the incorporation of GO into chitosan (CS) hydrogels is investigated, achieving bioinspired hydrogels with enhanced mechanical strength and stability, which are crucial for supporting bone regeneration. Additionally, self‐assembled synthetic peptide nanofibers (PNFs) are employed to enhance biocompatibility and facilitate biomimetic mineralization of the bioinspired hydrogels, a critical process for effective bone remodeling. This innovative composite hydrogel not only achieves biomimetic mineralization but also exhibits osteogenic, pro‐angiogenic, and antioxidant properties essential for bone repair. This novel method takes advantage of the distinctive properties of GO, PNFs, and biomass hydrogels, providing a robust and effective material solution with the potential to significantly advance the field of bone tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147898452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Impact of Defect‐Rich Carbon Nanofibers Combined with Magnetic Materials on Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Radar Cross‐Section Reduction 富缺陷碳纳米纤维复合磁性材料对宽带电磁波吸收和雷达截面积减小的影响

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-01-26 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400624

Ibrahim Abdalla, Ahmed Elhassan, Salma Ali, Malik Yonis Hassan Saty, Ekrema Adam, Lihua Zou, Qing‐Qing Ni, Zhenzhen Xu

{"title":"Impact of Defect‐Rich Carbon Nanofibers Combined with Magnetic Materials on Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Radar Cross‐Section Reduction","authors":"Ibrahim Abdalla, Ahmed Elhassan, Salma Ali, Malik Yonis Hassan Saty, Ekrema Adam, Lihua Zou, Qing‐Qing Ni, Zhenzhen Xu","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400624","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) exhibit inherent dielectric properties that enhance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, yet challenges exist in expanding their effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) and improving flexibility. Many studies fail to adequately consider how structural factors influence performance when combining CNFs with magnetic materials. To address these issues, a 1D carbon nanocomposite is developed by embedding magnetic oxide nanoparticles within CNFs using a simple electrospinning technique. This approach improves membrane flexibility by disrupting rigid alignment and introducing dynamic magnetic interactions, while also creating defect‐rich interfaces that increase the amorphous content (61%) of the CNFsF composite, leading to improved EM wave absorption. The unique macro/mesoporous morphology provides internal interfaces and heterogeneous boundaries that effectively trap and dissipate EM waves. As a result, the flexible CNF composites demonstrate significant EM wave absorption performance, achieving a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −39.8 dB at 4.64 GHz and an abroad EAB of up to 7 GHz at only 2.5 mm thickness. Computer simulation technology (CST) simulations indicate a maximum radar cross‐section reduction of 21.1 dB m 2 , highlighting the material's radar stealth capability. This research advances the development of high‐performance materials and offers new strategies for enhancing absorption properties through composite engineering.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Photoirradiation‐ and Extracellular‐Matrix‐Encouraged Photon‐Transition Switching Regulates Spatiotemporal Sequential Photoimmunotherapy 光照射和细胞外基质诱导的光子跃迁开关调节时空序贯光免疫治疗

Small Structures Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/sstr.202400574

Hai Wang, Feixiang Hu, Wuyang Wei, Wencheng Wu, Qiaoling Yang, Wen Qin, Chao Fang, Xiulin Dong, Yang Zhou, Kun Zhang

{"title":"Photoirradiation‐ and Extracellular‐Matrix‐Encouraged Photon‐Transition Switching Regulates Spatiotemporal Sequential Photoimmunotherapy","authors":"Hai Wang, Feixiang Hu, Wuyang Wei, Wencheng Wu, Qiaoling Yang, Wen Qin, Chao Fang, Xiulin Dong, Yang Zhou, Kun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/sstr.202400574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400574","url":null,"abstract":"As two main phototherapy means, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have different photon‐transition avenues decided by the aggregation state of photosensitizers (PSs), and thus PDT or PTT efficiency can be regulated by regulating PSs aggregation. A co‐assembly formulation consisting of IR780 iodide PSs and pentafluorophenyl trifluoroacetate is constructed through intermolecular interactions, followed by coating with hyaluronic acid. Initially, the uniform distribution of IR780 PSs favors more reactive oxygen species birth to implement PDT when entering cells since its photon‐transition avenue through the sequential process intersystem crossing transfer–collision energy transfer is predominant. After hyaluronidase and laser irradiation‐induced structural collapse of co‐assembly, free IR780 aggregates due to hydrophobic interactions even though they are excreted out of cells, and then, these IR780 aggregates produce heat through the nonradiative relaxation process to execute PTT. Such a spatiotemporal sequential PDT–PTT phototherapy encourages antitumor immune responses and mitigates immunosuppression, thus accomplishing the spatiotemporal sequential photoimmunotherapy against breast cancer progression. Through such tumor microenvironment‐adaptable and laser‐duration‐decided aggregation state alteration, photon‐transition switching is regulated and more insights are provided into single PSs‐mediated sequential PDT–PTT and photoimmunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":21841,"journal":{"name":"Small Structures","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sstr.202400574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147905049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4