Scientific Reports最新文献

{"title":"Phase transition and bandgap modulation in TiO₂ nanostructures for enhanced visible-light activity and environmental applications.","authors":"Rajwali Khan, Nasir Rahman, Adhimoorthy Prasannan, Khayriniso Ganiyeva, Sabyasachi Chakrabortty, Sambasivam Sangaraju","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-07000-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-07000-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to its wide-ranging applications in the climate and energy fields, enhancing the visible-light photoactivity of TiO₂ nanoparticles remains a crucial challenge in photocatalysis. Interestingly, this work examined the phase transition, structural, optical, and photocatalytic characteristics of TiO₂ nanoparticles doped with Al³⁺/Al²⁺ and S⁶⁺ ions. It was observed that the anatase phase (AP) dominates in pure TiO₂ (100%) nanoparticles, whereas the rutile phase (RP) content increases in doped samples, reaching 20 ± 2.1% for X1 (Al = 2%, S = 2%) and falling to 12 ± 1.2% in X4 (Al = 2%, S = 8%). The introduction of Al³⁺/Al²⁺ and S⁶⁺ induces oxygen vacancies (Ovs) and alters the phase stability, as evidenced by the reduction of transformation energy to - 0.033 eV, facilitating the AP to RP transition. The effective integration of dopants indicates that a redshift and intensity in the Photoluminescence spectrum reduced by X-series nanoparticles is due to band gap reductions (from 3.23 eV for pure TiO₂ to 1.98 eV for X4) and distortions in the lattice generated by Al/S doping. Raman spectroscopy results show peak broadening and shifts due to lattice strain from dopants, which validates dopant incorporation via peak shifts in Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. ESR study reveals paramagnetic centers in Ti³⁺-Ovs complexes, indicating defect-induced magnetic characteristics. When methylene blue (MB) dye is photocatalyzed under visible light exhibits increased activity and degradation efficiencies that are higher than pure TiO₂. The pseudo-first-order kinetic results show that co-doping effectively improves photocatalytic activity. Rate constants of 0.017 min⁻¹ for X4 are found to be much higher than 7.28 × 10⁻⁴ min⁻¹ for pure TiO₂ nanoparticles. Finally, anatase X-series samples degraded MB at a maximum rate of 96.4% in 150 min, outperforming undoped TiO₂ (15%) and rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles (65% degradation). The fundamental mechanism explains that the photocatalytic characteristics of TiO₂ are modulated by co-doping, which is why these compounds are potential candidates for environmental remediation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-based hybrid deep learning model with CSFOA optimization and G-TverskyUNet3+ for Arabic sign language recognition.","authors":"Ahmed A Mohamed, Abdullah Al-Saleh, Sunil Kumar Sharma, Ghanshyam Tejani","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-03560-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-03560-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arabic sign language (ArSL) is a visual-manual language which facilitates communication among Deaf people in the Arabic-speaking nations. Recognizing the ArSL is crucial due to variety of reasons, including its impact on the Deaf populace, education, healthcare, and society, as well. Previous approaches for the recognition of Arabic sign language have some limitations especially in terms of accuracy and their capability to capture the detailed features of the signs. To overcome these challenges, a new model is proposed namely DeepArabianSignNet, that incorporates DenseNet, EfficientNet and an attention-based Deep ResNet. This model uses a newly introduced G-TverskyUNet3+ to detect regions of interest in preprocessed Arabic sign language images. In addition, employing a novel metaheuristic algorithm, the Crisscross Seed Forest Optimization Algorithm, which combines the Crisscross Optimization and Forest Optimization algorithms to determine the best features from the extracted texture, color, and deep learning features. The proposed model is assessed using two databases, the variation of the training rate was 70% and 80%; Database 2 was exceptional, with an accuracy of 0.97675 for 70% of the training data and 0.98376 for 80%. The results presented in this paper prove that DeepArabianSignNet is effective in improving Arabic sign language recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal patterns of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder children in Shanghai, China.","authors":"XiaoYan Qiu, Daqian Zhu, Xuezhen Fu, Yanyan Huo, Xiangxiang Chen, Jiali Zhang, Shasha Wang, Aidina Aisikeer, Xia Hong, Haidong Lu, Weiming Tang, JinJin Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-02254-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-02254-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess dynamic changes in emotional and behavioral problems among children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Shanghai, China. Using a longitudinal design, school-aged children with ADHD were enrolled and followed, with emotional and behavioral measures repeatedly assessed. Due to varying COVID-19 measures and changing epidemics, and no intervention was admitted, an event-based longitudinal design was adopted, using calendar time from the enrollment of the first participant. Data collection spanned various pandemic control stages, including the Shanghai lockdown (March 28-May 31, 2022). Emotional and behavioral trends were analyzed using a Generalized Additive Model to capture the nonlinear dynamics effectively. Overall, 1102 children with ADHD (mean: 9.2 ± 2.4 years, 83% boys) were enrolled. Emotional and behavioral issues fluctuated over time. Behavioral problems, including inattention, hyperactivity, and conduct issues, peaked around day 260 of isolation and then declined but resurged after the Shanghai lockdown. Emotional issues, such as anxiety and depression, showed a dual-peak pattern, with early pandemic rises and a second peak around day 400. Symptoms rebounded after lockdown and persisted for an extended period. Sub-analyses revealed that boys had higher scores in hyperactivity and oppositional defiance than girls, with no significant gender differences in emotional problems. ADHD-PI children had higher emotional problem scores, while ADHD-HI children exhibited more severe behavioral issues. This study highlights the substantial impact of prolonged COVID-19 measures on emotional and behavioral problems in ADHD children, particularly increased adaptive pressures post-lockdown. Phase-specific, individualized interventions are crucial to mitigate these challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long term efficacy of recession and resection for abducens nerve palsy with targeting overcorrection of 5 prism diopters.","authors":"Akinari Yamamoto, Manabu Miyata, Shinya Nakao, Kentaro Kawai, Kenji Suda, Eri Nakano, Miho Tagawa, Akitaka Tsujikawa","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-05310-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-05310-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strabismus surgery is required for some cases with abducens nerve palsy (ANP) without spontaneous resolution; however, whether the surgical corrective effect for ANP is similar to that of concomitant esotropia (ET) remains unclear. This study compared the 1-year surgical outcomes of recession and resection (RR) between patients with ANP (ANP group, 11 patients) and those with concomitant ET (ET group, 33 patients). The target angle of RR for ANP was added by 5 prism diopters (Δ) compared to concomitant ET. The 1-year corrective effect was relatively lower in the ANP group than in the ET group (2.1 ± 0.7 Δ/mm vs. 2.6 ± 0.6 Δ/mm, P = 0.07), but the 3-month effect was similar (2.3 ± 0.6 Δ/mm vs. 2.6 ± 0.6 Δ/mm, P = 0.31) because significantly larger drift occurred in the ANP group than in the ET group (2.3 ± 2.2 Δ vs. 0.2 ± 2.7 Δ, P = 0.03). Motor success at 1 year was achieved in 90.9% of patients in both groups. Our findings suggested that the target angle of RR was suitable to add by 5 Δ in patients with ANP compared to concomitant ET in order to maintain a long-term favorable ocular position.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Immunohistochemical detection of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine as a prognostic biomarker in non-WNT/Non-SHH medulloblastomas.","authors":"Han-Guang Zhao, Si-Kang Ren, Wen-Tao Zhou, Zhi-Ming Liu, Lei-Ming Wang, Yong-Ji Tian, Fu Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-08165-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-08165-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: Glycometabolism change during Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in RAW264.7 cells by proteomic analysis.","authors":"Xuexia Li, Yingfei Zeng, Shengnan Guo, Chen Chen, Lin Liu, Qianfeng Xia","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-05634-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-05634-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing sulfasalazine solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide with ethanol cosolvent: a comprehensive study.","authors":"Hadil Faris Alotaibi, Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad, Asokan Vasudevan, Suranjana V Mayani, Suhas Ballal, Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda, Abhayveer Singh, Subhashree Ray, Atreyi Pramanik","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-04232-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-04232-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the solubility of sulfasalazine in supercritical carbon dioxide, using ethanol as a cosolvent, was evaluated at temperatures of 308, 318, 328, and 338 K, and at pressures reaching up to 30 MPa. A comprehensive examination was conducted to ascertain the impact of temperature, pressure, and cosolvent concentration on solubility and density. To this end, SRK as an equation of state and a range of semi-empirical correlations were employed to correlate the solubility. The Soltani-Mazloumi and Madras et al. models were identified as the most suitable model for the experimental data. The mole fraction of sulfasalazine ranged from 0.273 × 10^-4 to 1.654 × 10^-4 in the binary system, and from 1.535 × 10^-4 to 5.211 × 10^-4 and 3.263 × 10^-4 to 11.451 × 10^-4 at concentrations of 1 and 3 mol%, respectively. The findings indicated that the incorporation of a cosolvent, notably ethanol, led to a substantial enhancement in solubility. The sulfasalazine-ethanol-CO₂ system demonstrated the highest solubility at 12 MPa and 338 K, exhibiting approximately 11.95 times greater solubility compared to that observed in pure supercritical CO₂.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Paternal genetic landscape of contemporary Thai populations in the borderland provinces of Thailand and Myanmar.","authors":"Kitipong Jaisamut, Kawin Rasmeepaisarn, Rachtipan Pitiwararom, Poonyapat Sukawutthiya, Tikumphorn Sathirapatya, Hasnee Noh, Wikanda Worrapitirungsi, Kornkiat Vongpaisarnsin","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-08061-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-08061-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young green quinoa as a sustainable functional crop with anti-inflammatory effects in macrophage cells.","authors":"Hamdan Khattib, Noam Pintel, Soliman Khatib, Lior Rubinovich, Dorit Avni","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-03742-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-03742-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current staple crops such as rice, wheat, and maize dominate food systems but lack climate resilience, necessitating a shift toward nutrient-rich, sustainable alternatives. Chenopodium quinoa, (C. quinoa) has gained global recognition for its adaptability and nutritional value. However, while quinoa grains have been extensively studied, young green quinoa (YGQ) leaves remain underexplored despite their potential to enhance both agricultural sustainability and human health. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of YGQ leaves extracts from eight quinoa accessions cultivated during the summer. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse macrophage cells (RAW264.7), we assessed the inhibition of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Interleukin (IL)-6. Four types of extracts-Ethanol:Water (70:30) (ETDW), Ethanol (ET), Ethyl Acetate (EA), and Hexane (HE) were prepared, revealing significant and specific IL-6 inhibition, with ETDW exhibiting the highest suppressive effect (73-100%). LC-MS/MS analysis identified flavonoids as the likely bioactive compounds responsible for this activity. Importantly, toxicity assays confirmed the extracts' safety. These findings position YGQ leaves as a valuable natural source of bioactive compounds with potential applications in functional foods, which offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition by targeting the prevention of noncommunicable diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, integrating YGQ leaves into food systems could support sustainable agriculture, as quinoa is a climate-resilient crop, providing dual benefits for public health and food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halitosis among users of electronic nicotine delivery systems in a multi-center cross-sectional study.","authors":"Saadi M Saleh, Abdelrahman Shata, Ali Malik Tiryag, Bishoy G Malak, Ahmad M A Okour, Maher A Atiyah, Wisam Al-Khaboori, Mahmoud Raslan, Abanob A Helmy, Ata Al-Howaity, Rana Nasser Saeed, Menna M Aboelkhier, Mahmoud Ubdlsalam Aldahoud, Abdallah S Malkawi, Omar Habib, Nermin Adly Hassan","doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-05439-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41598-025-05439-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global utilization of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) is increasing, with emerging evidence suggesting a potential link between ENDS and halitosis. Nonetheless, direct data addressing this association remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ENDS usage on halitosis among individuals aged 18-40 in 18 Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries. The study was conducted between November 2023 and May 2024, and employed an online self-administered survey that included the validated Halitosis Finding Score (Halfins). The analysis included a total of 7,973 participants categorized by their smoking habits: 71.1% identified as non-users, 12.6% as ENDS users, 10.8% as traditional tobacco users, and 5.5% as dual users. After adjusting for potential confounders, exclusive ENDS users exhibited significantly greater odds of experiencing halitosis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.576, 95% CI = 1.367-1.817, p < 0.001), as did dual users (AOR = 1.420, 95% CI = 1.161-1.738, p < 0.001), than non-users did. These findings suggest that the use of ENDS and dual usage may elevate the risk of developing halitosis. However, due to the limitations of the study, it is important to interpret these results with caution. Nonetheless, reducing the use of ENDS could potentially mitigate the risk of halitosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"20287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}