Scientific Reports最新文献_第10页

Ambient air pollution undermines chemosensory sensitivity - a global perspective.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-75067-z

Anna Oleszkiewicz, Andrea Pozzer, Jonathan Williams, Thomas Hummel

{"title":"Ambient air pollution undermines chemosensory sensitivity - a global perspective.","authors":"Anna Oleszkiewicz, Andrea Pozzer, Jonathan Williams, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-75067-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75067-z","url":null,"abstract":"This study offers insights into the complex relationship between chemical species constituting air pollution and chemosensory function. We examined the relationship between chemical species known to contribute to air pollution and assault human health and chemosensory sensitivity. Chemosensory sensitivity data was retrieved from a large-scale study involving 711 urban-dwelling participants inhabiting 10 different regions of the globe. Their olfactory threshold towards phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) and olfactory/trigeminal threshold towards Eucalyptol was measured in a multicentre study. We matched the individual chemosensory data with the levels of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, CO at the location of testing sites, on the exact date of the test, using EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy for Atmospheric Chemistry) model. Our findings indicate that air pollution negatively affects olfactory function and has cumulative negative effects with aging. The reported patterns are seasonal and increase during Autumn and Winter, and interact with medical conditions related to poorer olfactory function. We extend the current knowledge by demonstrating that olfactory/trigeminal perception is also disrupted by toxic air, albeit in a slightly different manner. The analyzed models promote a more complex perspective on the relationship between air composition and chemosensory sensitivity, but delineate problems related to the interdependence of the levels of chemical species constituting air pollution and using them together to predict chemosensory sensitivity. Conclusions point to the need to investigate the problem of air pollution and chemosensory health from a global perspective, as air quality partly accounts for the differences in chemosensory perception in different regions of the world.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of proton pump inhibitors on brain health based on cross-sectional findings from the Rhineland Study.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81011-y

Nersi Alaeddin, Alexandra Koch, Rika Etteldorf, Julia C Stingl, Monique M B Breteler, Folgerdiena M de Vries

{"title":"The impact of proton pump inhibitors on brain health based on cross-sectional findings from the Rhineland Study.","authors":"Nersi Alaeddin, Alexandra Koch, Rika Etteldorf, Julia C Stingl, Monique M B Breteler, Folgerdiena M de Vries","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-81011-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81011-y","url":null,"abstract":"Reports linking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with cognition and dementia show conflicting results, with limited evidence on underlying biological mechanisms. However, existing studies did not investigate brain microstructure, which could provide valuable insights into early structural changes indicative of cognitive decline. Analyses were based on cross-sectional baseline data from the Rhineland Study (n = 7,465; mean age 55.3 ± 13.7 years, range 30-95 years, 56.5% women). Using multivariate linear regression, we investigated associations between PPI use and cognition and brain macro- and microstructural measures (fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) as measures of white matter integrity). Analyses were stratified by short-term (< 3 years) and long-term (≥ 3 years) PPI use, with additional age stratification (< 65 years; ≥65 years) for cognitive outcomes. PPI users, especially younger individuals, showed poorer global cognition and working memory. Notably, younger long-term users had worse total memory. PPI use was not associated with brain volume or FA, but both short-term and long-term users showed higher MD in cognitive-related brain regions. Our findings indicate that prolonged PPI use, particularly in younger long-term users, is associated with poorer cognitive performance. Moreover, PPI users showed higher MD, indicating potential white matter integrity disruptions. Further research is needed to ascertain causality and underlying mechanisms behind PPI-related cognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LumaCam: a novel class of position-sensitive event mode particle detectors using scintillator screens. LumaCam：使用闪烁屏的新型位置敏感事件模式粒子探测器。

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82095-2

Alexander Wolfertz, Alex Gustschin, Michael Schulz, Alexander M Long, Anton Khaplanov, Tsviki Y Hirsh, Andrei Nomerotski, Manuel Morgano, Anton Tremsin, Giacomo Mauri, G Jeff Sykora, Adrian Losko

{"title":"LumaCam: a novel class of position-sensitive event mode particle detectors using scintillator screens.","authors":"Alexander Wolfertz, Alex Gustschin, Michael Schulz, Alexander M Long, Anton Khaplanov, Tsviki Y Hirsh, Andrei Nomerotski, Manuel Morgano, Anton Tremsin, Giacomo Mauri, G Jeff Sykora, Adrian Losko","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-82095-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82095-2","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of position-sensitive detectors is gaining attention in the neutron community. They are scintillator based detectors that detect the scintillation light on an individual photon basis via an image intensifier and a fast image sensor. Their readout operates in event mode i.e. it produces information about individual neutron interactions, reconstructed from the sensor data, thus enabling to achieve superior spatial and temporal resolutions compared to regular detectors. Although the development of current detectors is focused on neutrons, the concept is also applicable to the detection of other particles such as high-energy photons. This document provides a description on how these detectors are built, how they operate, and what their characteristics are. An example of a detector implementation based on a Timepix3 chip is described to illustrate the detector concept. This includes a detailed description of the algorithm that reconstructs the neutron interactions from the sensor data, one of the core components that sets it apart from established scintillator-based imaging detectors. Energy-resolved epithermal neutron radiography was performed at the ISIS EMMA beamline with this detector, illustrating some of the fundamental differences in the data that can be produced with the new type of detector compared to more established types of scintillator based neutron detectors. The term LumaCam is proposed to refer to this new class of position-sensitive event-mode detectors.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TLC densitometric approach for concurrent determination of quinary mixture for treatment of migraine with appraisal to method greenness and whiteness. 用 TLC 密度计法同时测定治疗偏头痛的二元混合物，并评估方法的绿色度和白色度。

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-79518-5

Marco M Z Sharkawi, Marwa A Ahmed, Nehal F Farid, Nada S Abdelwahab

{"title":"TLC densitometric approach for concurrent determination of quinary mixture for treatment of migraine with appraisal to method greenness and whiteness.","authors":"Marco M Z Sharkawi, Marwa A Ahmed, Nehal F Farid, Nada S Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-79518-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79518-5","url":null,"abstract":"A new accurate, precise thin layer chromatographic (TLC densitometric) approach was developed for the simultaneous analysis of ergotamine tartrate (ERG), phenobarbital sodium (PHEN), caffeine anhydrous (CAF), dipyrone sodium (DIP) and meprobamate (MEP) in their pure form and in their combined formulation; (MIGRANIL tablets). TLC separation depended on using a stationary phase of TLC plates F254 (20 × 10 cm) and using a developing system of ethyl acetate: methanol: n- hexane (8:2:3, by volume) with UV scanning at 254 nm for ERG, PHEN, CAF and DIP. For MEP, detection was done at 560 nm after spraying with 0.3% ethanolic solution of para -dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (PDAB) and heating at 110 ºC for 30 min. Analysis was performed in the concentration intervals of 0.06-2, 0.15-5 µg/band for ERG and PHEN, respectively; while for CAF, DIP and MEP it was done in the ranges of 0.3-9, 0.5-10, 1-100 µg/band, respectively. Moreover, the method was used for the quantitation of the five studied drugs in their unique formulation and the recovery% was calculated and found to be 102.04, 100.73, 100.65, 99.91, 1nd 101.77% for ERG, PHEN, CAF, DIP, and MEP, in order and all these outcomes proved excellent selectivity of the method. Other validation parameters were tested following ICH guidelines. Accuracy ranged from 98.02 to 100.53% while the obtained %RSD of interday day precision ranged from 1.215 to 1.940%. The environmental impact and performance of the method was tested with several tools; Analytical eco-scale, green analytical procedure index (GAPI), Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach (AGREE), Blue applicability grade index (BAGI), and RGB additive color model. Results ensured minimum hazardous effect on health and environment. This is the first analytical approach developed for simultaneous analysis of the quinary mixture which can be easily applied in any analytical laboratory.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanobubble nucleation by pulsed laser illumination of colloidal gold nanoparticles.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81831-y

Yatha Sharma, Claus-Dieter Ohl, Juan Manuel Rosselló

引用次数: 0

Novel approach for Arabic fake news classification using embedding from large language features with CNN-LSTM ensemble model and explainable AI.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82111-5

Omar Ibrahim Aboulola, Muhammad Umer

{"title":"Novel approach for Arabic fake news classification using embedding from large language features with CNN-LSTM ensemble model and explainable AI.","authors":"Omar Ibrahim Aboulola, Muhammad Umer","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-82111-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82111-5","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread fake news challenges the management of low-quality information, making effective detection strategies necessary. This study addresses this critical issue by advancing fake news detection in Arabic and overcoming limitations in existing approaches. Deep learning models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), EfficientNetB4, Inception, Xception, ResNet, ConvLSTM and a novel voting ensemble framework combining CNN and LSTM are employed for text classification. The proposed framework integrates the ELMO word embedding technique having contextual representation capabilities, which is compared with GloVe, BERT, FastText and FastText subwords. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed voting ensemble, combined with ELMo word embeddings, consistently outperforms previous approaches. It achieves an accuracy of 98.42%, precision of 98.54%, recall of 99.5%, and an F1 score of 98.93%, offering an efficient and highly effective solution for text classification tasks.The proposed framework benchmark against state-of-the-art transformer architectures, including BERT and RoBERTa, demonstrates competitive performance with significantly reduced inference time and enhanced interpretability accompanied by a 5-fold cross-validation technique. Furthermore, this research utilizes the LIME XAI technique to provide deeper insights into the contribution of each feature in predicting a specific target class. These findings show the proposed framework's effectiveness in dealing with the issues of detecting false news, particularly in Arabic text. By generating higher performance metrics and displaying comparable results, this work opens the way for more reliable and interpretable text classification solutions.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Assessing citizen science data quality for bird monitoring in the Iberian Peninsula.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82617-y

J Prenda, J L Domínguez-Olmedo, E López-Lozano, R Fernández de Villarán, J J Negro

引用次数: 0

Automated bone property analysis using corrected in vivo dental cone-beam CT data of human wrists.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-75222-6

Benjamin Klintström, Anna Spångeus, Alexandr Malusek, Alexander Synek, Mischa Woisetschläger, Dieter Pahr, Eva Klintström

{"title":"Automated bone property analysis using corrected in vivo dental cone-beam CT data of human wrists.","authors":"Benjamin Klintström, Anna Spångeus, Alexandr Malusek, Alexander Synek, Mischa Woisetschläger, Dieter Pahr, Eva Klintström","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-75222-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75222-6","url":null,"abstract":"Fracture liaison services are essential to mitigate underdiagnosis and undertreatment of osteoporosis-related fractures. However, it often suffers from limited access to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT equipment. This in vivo study of 21 patients aims to evaluate the feasibility of dental cone beam CT (dCBCT) to analyse bone properties of human wrists, comparing with DXA and finite element (FE) analysis. dCBCT grey-scale values were transformed to HU using a phantom containing materials with known HU values. Strong correlations were found between bone mineral content (BMC) from dCBCT and DXA (r = 0.78 to 0.84, p < 0.001), as well as between BMC from dCBCT FE-predicted stiffness (r = 0.91) and maximum force (r = 0.93), p < 0.001. BMC values from dCBCT were higher than DXA measurements (2.34 g vs. 1.5 g, p < 0.001). Cortical thickness strongly correlated to bone mineral density (BMD) from dCBCT (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). No statistically significant correlations were found between trabecular bone microstructure and FE predictions. The results indicate the feasibility to analyse osteoporosis related bone properties of human wrists from corrected dCBCT data. The dCBCT values of BMD and BMC were strongly correlated with DXA.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal cerebral perfusion pressure during induced hypertension and its impact on delayed cerebral infarction and functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82507-3

Beate Kranawetter, Sheri Tuzi, Onnen Moerer, Dorothee Mielke, Veit Rohde, Vesna Malinova

{"title":"Optimal cerebral perfusion pressure during induced hypertension and its impact on delayed cerebral infarction and functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage.","authors":"Beate Kranawetter, Sheri Tuzi, Onnen Moerer, Dorothee Mielke, Veit Rohde, Vesna Malinova","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-82507-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82507-3","url":null,"abstract":"Disturbed cerebral autoregulation (CA) increases the dependency of cerebral blood flow (CBF) on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Thus, induced hypertension (IHT) is used to prevent secondary ischemic events. The pressure reactivity index (PRx) assesses CA and can determine the optimal CPP (CPPopt). This study investigates CPPopt in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) treated with IHT and its impact on delayed cerebral infarction and functional outcome. This is a retrospective observational study including SAH patients treated between 2012 and 2020. PRx defines the correlation coefficient of intracranial pressure (ICP) and the mean arterial pressure (MAP). The CPP corresponding to the lowest PRx-value describes CPPopt. Primary outcome parameters were deleayed cerebral infarction and functional outcome. In patients without IHT, higher deviations of measured CPP from CPPopt were associated with delayed cerebral infarction (p = 0.001). Longer time spent with a CPP below the calculated CPPopt during IHT led to an increased risk of developing delayed cerebral infarction (r = 0.39, p = 0.002). A larger deviation of measured CPP from CPPopt correlated with an unfavorable outcome in patients treated with IHT (p = 0.04) and without IHT (p = 0.0007). Patients with severe aneurysmal SAH may benefit from an individualized CPP management and the calculation of CPPopt may help to guide IHT.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leaves. 油辣木叶的抗菌、抗氧化、细胞毒性和植物化学筛选。

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-80700-y

Gamal M El-Sherbiny, Amira J Alluqmani, Islam A Elsehemy, Mohamed H Kalaba

{"title":"Antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of Moringa oleifera leaves.","authors":"Gamal M El-Sherbiny, Amira J Alluqmani, Islam A Elsehemy, Mohamed H Kalaba","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-80700-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80700-y","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial resistance to antibiotics remains a significant clinical challenge, contributing to persistently high rates of morbidity and mortality. Achieving treatment success is increasingly difficult, necessitating the evaluation of new antibiotics and complementary approaches, including source control and alternative therapies. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and phytochemical properties of Moringa oleifera leaf extract using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of its major compound. The extract demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against standard strains and foodborne bacterial species. It also showed significant antioxidant potential, supported by the presence of high concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. HPLC analysis identified multiple bioactive compounds, with quercetin as the predominant component. The cytotoxicity study confirmed the safety of the extract at low and moderate concentrations, and ADMET analysis indicated favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics of quercetin. In conclusion, Moringa oleifera exhibits promising potential for medical and food industry applications due to its significant antibacterial and antioxidant activities, combined with a strong safety profile and rich phytochemical content.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":"30485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0